The Saint Paul globe., December 27, 1897, Page 7, Image 7

About The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905

Image provided by: Minnesota Historical Society; Saint Paul, MN

                
SCIENTIST HAS CONSTRUCTED AN
APPARATUS THAT IPSETS
MANY TIIKOUIES.
MEASURE LIGHTNING'S FORCE
nv i)is< MAR<a\<; a flash four
FEIST LONG V PI SEZLING PROB
LBM IS SOLVED.
Till: SPARK PIERCES A VACUUM.
SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTION OF A
VACUUM IS KNOCKED TO
PIECES.
qi r;i::t photographic ekkkcts.
Tito New EleclrW-nl Machine Turned
on Shielded IMn<es Produces
Strungre Figures.
Bprcial Correspandonrc' of the Globe.
CAMBRIDGE, Mass., Dec. 23.— Thla
year has been a great one for the tear
ing aside of the veil that hides from
scientists the cause of various natural
phenomena, and it looks as if the last
month were to witness the greatest
stride- df all. Science has tracked the
lightning to Its lair and forced it to
work for the comfort of King Man, in
stead of terrifying and occasionally
killing him. But science has never
In en able to gauge the tremendous
_Jkrce behind the lightning that sends
it t<_ earth in so short a space of time
as lo make the lightning flash a favor
ite simile with those who wish to il
lustrate a happening of a fraction of a
second's duration. It has been made
possible to accomplish this by means
of an apparatus that has been espe
cially constructed by Prof. Trow-
— — — —^— — »»■
/ // / /sty//-*/ ' ( ' i "^j^f/ 3 ' ' X/ 'Ssk/sgBSI^. ?: ' i nr
This photograph shows the simple exterior of the machine which is solving many problems.
bridge, of the Lawrence School of Scl
;it Harvard college, and which is
unque stionably the greatest electrical
machine in the world. It was con
structed by Prof. Trowbridge especial
ly for the .study of electrical discharges
in the air, and is the result of an ex
■ 1 study of thf' subject by the sci
entific designer. By means of this ap
paratus many problems in relation to
electromotive force that have hitherto
remained unsolved will be Investigated.
It 'nr.s been known that the light
ning coming from the clouds to the
earth flashed through a mile of at
mosphere on its course, and traveled
at a marvelous rate "i" speed. Rut it
has never been known how great the
force must be that produces discharges
of electrical fluid one mile in length In
an infinitesimal space of time. With
the assistance of his wonderful new
machine Prof. Trowbridge has solved
the problem.
His apparatus is a lightning gener
ntor on a larger scale than any that
has hertofore been constructed. By it
electrical discharges of great body and
strength can be produced and made to
flash out for a distance of four feet
and even more. Having made it pos
sible to produce a flash of lightning
four feet in length, Prof. Trowbridge
found it an easy n.atter to ascertain
the force necessary to bring about this
result, and from that basis to make a
calculation of the force required to
send the electric fluid from its lurking
1 lace in the clouds to its burrow in
the earth.
Prof. Trowbridge's electric spark,
[four feet long, was produced by means
of an electromotive force of one mil
lion, two hundred thousand volts, and
it was shown that the length of the
i»park varies directly with the force
nhich is necessary to produce it. Hav
ing proved this conclusively. Prof.
Trowbridge made the calculation that
for the discharge of a flash of lightning
one mile long at least one thousand
million volts would be required, show
ing the immense force th'it nature has
stored away in hei at rial workshop.
Another valuable scientific discovery
made by the aid of Prof. Trowbridge's
machine upsets a theory that has long
been undisputed regarding what con
stitutes a vacuum. When glass tubes.
f:-r,m which all air had been carefully
excluded, have heretofore been placed
in the pathway of a spark discharged
fro™ one of the electrical machines
used for this purpose, it has Invariably
been the case that the spark avoided
the vacuum and has preferred to pass
around the glass, rather than through
jt. Sparks of even eight inches in
Lorenzo J. Connor. 101 Green St.. A'bmy,
X V., say*: "I have usei Dr. Hull's Coux'i
V'rup and find It very beneficial, anl ran
ißfoly recommend It as a good remedy to
w.iohß."
length have shown this disposition to
avoid a vacuum. But the powerful dis
charge from the machine with which
Prof. Trowbridge is experimenting,
show no such shyness, and the vacuum
seems to have no power to resist them.
The discharge from the Trowbridge
apparatus through such so-called
vacuum tubes were of a dazzling X-ray
nature, and the skeleton of the hand
could be plainly seen by their aid.
These results are destined to change
the scientific conception of what con
stitutes a vacuum and provide an en
tirely new field for research that will
keep scientific brains busy for a long
time to come, and will shed much new
light on the mysteries of nature.
Curious experiments have been made
by Prof. Trowbridge with photographic
phenomena. Taking a set of photo
graphic plates, he placed them, care
fully shielded from the light by plate
holders, at some distance from the
wires of his apparatus that carried the
powerful discharges. Turning the cur
rent, on these plates, Prof. *Trowbridge
secured photographs, which, when de
veloped, showed various curious elec
trical effects which are invisible to the
eyes. These photographic experiments
opened up still another line of investi
gation to Prof. Trowbridge and showed
him that by the careful study of such
powerful discharges turned on photog
raphic plates it would be impossible to
bring to light many powerful things In
connection with the mysterious action
of electricity in passing through the
air and in the rarifled spaces that exist
between us and the sun, which are
ordinarily called a vacuum and have
been supposed to be a non-conductov.
of electricity.
The machine constructed by Prof.
Trowbridge for the working out of
these wonders has been exhibited to a
select few at Harvard college and will,
in time, when Prof. Trowbridge has
completed the series of experiments
upon whirh he is now working, be ex
hibited to the scientific world. As a
matter of fact the apparatus is a very
great extension of a form devised more
than twenty years ago by Plaute, who
invented the storage battery. There
were many defects about the machine
of PlauU\ however, which had to be
remedied before a perfect apparatus,
such as was necessary to aid Prof.
Trowbridge in his plans, oould be con
structed. Prof. Trowbridge made up
SCIENCE TRACKS THE LIGHTNING TO ITS LAIR.
his mind on what lines to work in con
structing his electrical machine and
then gave the plans into the hands of
Mr. Ge ,rg<> Thompson, the mechanician
of the Jefferson Physical laboratory.
Mr. Thompson devoted all his energies
to the construction of the apparatus,
and, with frequent consultations be
tween himself and Prof. Trowbridge,
the machine- gradually grew to com
pletion.
It consists essentially of sixty plates
of glass, coated on each side with tin
foi' These plates of glass are charged
witn electrlojty by means of ten thou
sand storage ceil 3. The most ingenious
part of t hi* whole scheme is the man
ner in which these cells an? discharged.
After many failures a mechanical con
trivance was constructed that enabled
the cells to be discharged one after the
other, thus disrupting the atmosphere
with the cumulative force of electricity
of this apparatus, through all resisting
forces. The great efficiency of this ap
paratus, and its superiority over those
hitherto used for X-ray experiments, Is
shown by the fact that the vacuum
glasses have been pierced by the flash
from the Trowbridge machine, after
resisting the discharge of the electric
spark from other apparatus for so long
ns to convince scientists that a vacuum
in the path of an electric spark would
compel It to turn aside from its course.
By means of this apparatus two or
three horsepower can produce effects
which would require thirty or forty
horse power to produce by transform
ers, for no colls of iron cones are used
in the Trowbridge mechanism, and no
energy is therefore lost in, magnetizing
such iron cones or in overcoming tht
resistance of wire coils.
"ALARM FHITZ."
One of the Nickname! by Which
Emperor William Is Known.
The Berliners and the Germans in
general, says the Boston Traveler, de
light in giving nicknames to their
popular idols or antipathies. These
nicknames are rot always flattering to
their owners, and there have been
Hohenzollerns less popular than the
Emperor William, who is not afraid tc
ask for his popular sobriquet. He
proved this at a regimental dinner at
which the Duke of Connaught and
Prince Henry were present: In the
course of conversation the Kaiser said:
"They call me the 'traveling Kaiser,'
don't they? I wonder if that's the only
nickname I've got?"
Prince Henry laughed, and Maj. yon
Plesson, unable to control himself, Join
ed him.
"What is it?" asked the emperor.
"Do you know of any other nickname?
If so* out with it?"
The major mumbled something about
his respect, but the emperor said:
"Well, if you don't want to do it to
please me. I command you to speak."
The major then confessed that the
emperor was known among the com
mon sildinrs ;if "Alarm Fritz," on ac
count of his habit of suddenly, In the
THE SAINT PAUL GLOBS: MONDAY, DECEMBER 27, 1837.
middle of the night, rousing the gar
risons of the town in which he might
be staying. The emperor laughed
heartily at this, and P^uce Henry re
marked to his brother! J
"Well, you have a similar name in
the navy. The boys call you 'Gondola
Billy,' for 'gondoling' about, as they
call it, on your ships constantly during
the summer, and being anywhere and
everywhere on the boats."
"Well," said the emperor, "those are
three fine nicknames; but, inasmuch as
all of them paint me as a busy man,
I rather like them."
HARD TO KILL.
The Monitor Lizard Has More Live*
Even Than a Cat.
Of all living creatures, says Pear
son's Weekly, there Is none more dif
ficult to kill than the monitor lizard, so
called on account of its habit of whis
tling to give warning of the approach
of crocodiles. The Nile monitor, or
varan, is probably the largest member
of the family, and has been known to
attain a length of six feet. They live
on the eggs of crocodiles, or on the
young crocodiles themselves, which,
probably, accounts for the represen
tations of them on the ancient monu
ments.
A naturalist who caught a monitor
lizard, and wished to kill it without
mutilation, gives an idea of the trou
ble he had to effect his purpose.
He first stabbed it several times in
the heart with a large worsted needle,
but this seemed not to make the least
impression. He next stuck the needle
deeply into the cranium, piercing the
brain in half a dozen places, but with
the same result. He then gave the
creature several hard grips about the
chest, tied its feet together, and hung
it by the neck In a noose which he
drew as tight as he possibly could.
Forty-eight hours afterward he found
that the reptile had escaped.
Having discovered it close at hand,
he again tied its feet together, and
plunged It into a recepticle full of
brandy (which he kept for preserving
specimens), and held it under the sur
face. Although the lizard was nearly
exhausted by what it had gone
through, yet it wriggled about for
more than a quarter of an hour before
it succumbed.
oxElrrc.vr dllffT"
An Old Lady With Queer Idean of
Honor and Honenty.
There were crowds of people rushing
toward the bargain counter, says the
New York World, but the old lady
blocked the way.
"I tell you I put ten cents there, all
in pennies," she said to the shop girl,
angrily.
"Well, if you put them there, they
would be there now; and there are only
nine cents." replied the employe.
'Oh, pay the cent and move along!"
said an impatient woman behind.
The floorwalker was called, and he
charged the mi?sing cent, to profit ar.ri
loss, something the saleslady was not
allowed to do. When the nine-cent
purchaser got out of earshot she said
to her companion:
"Well, that w.-is a cold bluff. I drop
ped that penny in the cib'.e car, and
had only nine cents and an elevated
ticket home. But I was not going
home without that tooth powder for
John."
TKR RISE'S COMET
SHU VInIIjIo, but Only Thrce-Kourths
us Brtffht ax When DUcovpreii.
The comet discovered by Perrine at
the Lick observatory, Oct. 16, accord
ing to the Philadelphia Record, is still
visible through an opera glass. When
discovered it was between the pole
star and the bright star in the breast
of Perseus, at about one-third of the
distance from the former to the latter
star. It has been moving in a south
westerly direction, toward the head of
Draco, and It is now very near the
star Gamma Draconis, the more east
oiiy of the two-third magnitude stars
which form the dragon's "eyes."
The comet is on the side of the pole
star opposite the great dipper, and its
course has been nearly parallel with a
line drawn from the second star in the
bowl of the dipper to the star at the
extremity of the handle. The distance
it has thus far traversed is about twice
the length of this line. The dragon's
head is low in the northwest. Of
course, to see it will require a tele
scope, and when seen it will not be
found a particularly interesting object
for the ordinary observer — a faint, neb
ulous star, nothing more. The only
notable fact reported about It is that
when first seen it had a small tail,
which is not unusual In the case cf
so small a comet.
m
I'crxirn.H "Who Are Mngnctlzcd.
Recent French experiments have devel
oped the curio-us and unexpected fart that
certain persons possess a magnetic polarity —
that ia, they act as magnets, having narth
and south poles. Such a person, when com
pletely undressed and placed near a sensitive
galvanometer, will, when turned on a ver
tical axis, causo a deflection first In one di
rection and then In tha opposite, just as a
magnet would. All persons do not possess
this polarity. Prof. Murani, an Italian, upon
whom the experiment was tried, exhibited
this phenomenon, and it was found that hb
breast corresponded to a north polio and
his back to a south jtol«.— San Kraaci-rco
Chroafcl»
ODDITIES OF LOHDOfI
SOME; CURIOUS DIFFICULTIES
WHICH AMERICANS HAVE TO
ENCOU^TER f
\
ICE NOT EVEN A LUXURY.
ITS USE PRACTICALLY UNKNOWN
TO THE AVERAIxE BRIT
ISHER.
HONESTY OP THE TRADES3IEN.
Trait "Will eli Americana .Should Copy
— Traveling- Tliird-ClaMB in
England.
Special Correspondence of tho Globe.
LONDON, Dec. 15.— "When I first
came to London," said a Chicago Jady
to me the other day, "I had all sorts
of trouble with the housekeeping. I
went into a grocery 'shop,' they call It
here — everything is a shop — and a>ked
for a can of tomatoes in my flat Chi
cago way, you know. No one could un
derstand me. I had to point it out.
"Oh! said the man, 'you mean a tin
of tomawtoes!'
"And everybody laughed at me.
They use 'tinned* for canned. I want
ed some napkins and they thought they
were for a baby. 'You mustn't say
napkins,' it Is 'serviettes,' you know."
She laughed merrily as she recounted
her experiences.
"I was accustomed to a steam heated
flat and though it seldom freezes here
I am never warm in winter except
when lam in bed. These soft coal fires
are a snare and an abomination. I
wanted to know where they kept the
ice.
"Ice!" screamed my maid of all work,
who was looking at the flat with me.
'Ice! what do you want ice for?'
"I explained that we took Ice at
home all the year 'round. She almost
dropped dead. Nobody seems to take
ice here even in summer, and nobody
thinks of drinking iced water, or heard
of iced tea. Coming across from Liver
pool I said to my husband, 'I would as
lief go second class, if there is much
difference in the cost.' He looked at
me with the astoinshment of the Lon
doner.
"Why, I've already bought third,'
said he.
"From a Pullman to third cla.ss was
a big Jump, I thought, but I've been
riding third class ever since. Ticket —
beg pardon— the 'booking' offices take it
for granted that you want third class
unless you ask for better. It Is the
rule.
"Have a glass of stout." This is what
you always pay 30 cnts a pint bottle
for at home. We get It in jugs at one
and six a gallon. You see there are
some advantages in living here. It Is
mostly in drinking, however, I'm bound
to observe. Fish and vegetables are
cheap. Chicken, 'fowl' they call It— [a
very dear. When I think of the tuik y
and fried chicken of home I almost
weep. American beef is cheaper and
poorer than the English beef. Fruit is
poor and out of reach. But, curiously
em ugh, all kinds of preserves, pickles,
marmalades, etc., are cheaper and bet
ter than anything we get at home.
When I think of the abundance and
superior ouality of fruit at home and
the miserable stuff they put up I'm
ashamed of my countrymen. Nothing
is adulterated here and one is practi
cally sure to get what one pays for.
If Londoners could only talk plain,
straight, every-day English, life here
would not bo absolutely intolerable."
• * *
It is certainly a commendable thing,
this honesty and square dealing among
English tradesmen; but It must be add
ed that it is enforced by stringent
laws. There was a case in court re
cently illustrative of their operation.
A clerk of a certain .tradesman sold a
customer a ham, representing it to be
an Irish ham. It was so labeled. But
it proved to be an American ham and
the customer, exercising the Briton's
proud prerogative of "kicking," got a
summons for the proprietor. It didn't
soften the matter any that it was
shown to be a Canadian ham. It wa.i
not Irish — not what it had been repre
sented to be. Nor did it avail the
tradesman to repudiate the act of his
clerk. The judge, in fixing the fine,
gravely intimated that such cases
might come under th^; criminal law as
obtaining money und^sr false pretences!
Heavens! Think of suith an application
of law to our enterprising manufac
turers and tradesmen: at home. But,
there, the subject is $00 painful. Yet
why should a man be'; .allowed to cheat
innocent people with bogus food, adul
terated drugs, spurious wines, etc.,
short measures, light weights, or any
more than to cheat at cards or .swindle
with bogus bank checks? We have a.
milk law )n New York that given good
results in the exposure and ruin of
the milkman who is caught selling
adulterated or skimmed milk. And
New York has about tho best milk of
any city of the Union. But about
everything else is adulterated sh:-::' -
lessly — from pepper to champagne.
• • •
Next to the difficulty experienced by
the ordinary American in comprehend
ing the English language in London,
the English way monopolizes a good
portion of his time and patience. The
fair Julia makes my bill out to
Wednesday," when I came on Thurs
day. She says there can't be two
Thursdays in one week, which would
be the case if the account ran from
Thursday to Thursday. I worked or.
Julia for half an hour in the effort to
show that she was wrong, only to leave
her more positive than at the begin
ning of the argument. According to
the well known rule that those who
disagree with you are pig-headed, it
would certainly appear that Julia is
pig-headed. I regret to say this, as
otherwise Julia is all right. In the
curve of our saloon bar she Is even
artistic — and she can say "really" witn
more quavers, trills, inflections and
demi-semiquavers thtin an artillery
bugler can get out of llie reveille. But
artlessness is in every movement of my
maid, who puts the poker standing up
ward in the grate to make the fire
burn. I thought it was carelessness at
first, but when I saw tha same thinp
in an Englishman's house,' I was told
that it was one of tfie English maid
servant's ways. One of the early
troubles is getting accustomed to the
door-knobs or levers that usually sup
plant that useful article. They invar
iably turn the wrong way. No amount
of experience with a^givep door wiJI
enable you to turn th? crartk the right
way the first thing — you throw your
weight on it to the right, when it 13
made to operate in the opposite direc
tion. And people on the street collide
with you for the same reason. I've
been knocking against everybody in
London. The train you want is over
on the other track- -tho wrong trade
of course. You find this out after get
ting left. The right is left ar.d left is
right. That is one mnson the United
States Wi s four.detS. Perpio wanted to
escape those hirdships.
■» * *
The barmaid hana is unknown in
America- We have the base ball hand.
the piano hand, the typewriter hand,
etc., but this barmaid hand is a dis
tinct type. It is big, and resembles
somewhat the graceful lines of a
shoulder of mutton. Then it is red,
and as rough as sandpaper. The fin
ger ends are stumpy and the nails are
the nails of a coal heaver. It seems
to hang on the woman wrong side
front, in any old way. The mere jdea
of asking for such a hand in marriage
seems monstrous. Pretty barmaids are
largely a myth in London, but the bar
maid hand is a practical entity. It
comes from working beer pumps,
washing bottles, yanking corks and
scrubbing bars. There are from ten to
fifteen of these pump handles working
forward and downward, like a railroad
switch; and then a customer calls for
a "blttah" the barmaid grabs one of
these ornamental handles and throws
her weight on it. She does this about
ten times a minute from morning till
night and half of the night. Henco
the barmaid hand. For when it comes
to swilling liquors of all sorts these
English beat the Dutch. We are not
in any sense "in it" with them except
on election nights. Scotch whisky, gin
and brandy are consumed by wholesale
and retail by male and female. An
English lady; that's what the maid
called her, emptied a great bottle of
Scotch In our coffee room at one sitting
the other day, then called a cab and
went down town shopping. I saw hun
dreds of women in the St. James res
taurants last night, almost every one
drinking Scotch whisky or gin in some
form. From tuppence to six pence a
drink would t>e "dog cheap" in the
states. Beer as we know it 13 compara
tively unknown here. They say it is
too light for the climate.
* * •
Those rantankerous citizens of the
great republic, who are compelled to
hang to a strap while going from one
point to another ought to try a London
suburban train on Sunday. There is
nothing like it. You rush up and down
the platform like mad— along with a
few score of others— peeping into one
full compartment after another. Mean
while cries of "Full up!" come from
the guards, who slam doors right and
left along the train. You are met by
the same cries on entering any one of
the^e crowded places, those with Feats
objecting to standers. But you must
wait for another train or risk it, and
desperately hurl yourself into a crowd
of human cattle whether they like it or
not, just as the train start.-:. The sign
"smoking" and the presence of ten
pipes and an odor of lucomprehensible
magnitude are unconsldered trifles.
There Is no strap and you cling to the
side door like a drowning man to a
broken oar. Fortunately, there is no
terrific jerking and swaying around
corners as you have had on the "L"
road or cables; but you are expecting
it every minute and suffer in the an
ticipation of disaster. I'm not alone
in the predicament, but I get my sharo
of the scowls, until I'm aFked:
"Does this go to Addlson Road?"
"I'm if I know," I reply, "I
took It at a risk."
Then the young man smiles and the
children giggle, and everybody looks
pleasant and seems to be glad I'm
there.
• * *
This is such a big world, yet It Is so
small that as I pass through the
crewded supper rooms in Leicester
square a gentleman suddenly jumps up
fiom the table where he is getting an
after-the-theater repast and calls me
by my first name; and before I can
fairly recognize my questioner he be
gins to a?k me about New York, and
what is on now at Chicago, and of tho
latest gossip nt" Pittsburg, while half a
hundred curious eyes are turned our
way for the moment. The London
journalist who Is kindly showing me
the places smiles good-humoredly and
chats with a Bohemian quartet near
by. And we pa?s out, taking in an
other—resort — the snme thing o^currirg
twice more the same night. One of
these acquaintances has just returned
from Paris and has not Keen "the
States" for years. Yet he i~ Interested
in the late elections and talks of the
tariff and presses us^in for a fresh bot
tle, and becomes difficult to get away
from. We try the Criterion and Water
loo tavern, and take a shy at the Hay
market lor the last act, doubling on
the Saturday night Markets in the nor
row lanes of the foreign <;uartfr near
midnight, winding up with supper at
the Liberal club <m the ESmbankment,
Dear, dear! when I think of the thou
sands thus eating and meeting and
parting and guzzling-, and noie the long
lines of twinkling cabs and the inii> s
of brilliantly lighted windows, I .sud
denly remember that the same thing
has ju.st bei n in Berlin and Vi nna and
Is In Paris ar.d Is about to begin in New
York, to be followed by Chicago and
San Francisco; and I am tooled up
Picadilly toward home impressed with
the bigness and sameness of the world
and the futility of trying to "do it" all
in one Saturday night!
— Charles TheoJore Murray.
i( 1.1. AM) EIDER DICKS.
About 10,000 rounds of Kldertlovt v
Collected Annually in Iceland.
All accounts I have read about ek'.er
ducks say that nests are robbed of
their down twice, the duck supplying it
each time from her own body, and the
third time the drake gives his white
down and this is aLowed to remain; but
I was told by farmers in Iceland that
now they never take the down until the
little ones are hatched, says Gerod
Words. It has been found that the
birds thrive be-tter and increase faster
when they are allowed to live as nature
meant them to do. Ho now the poor
mothers are no lonj, r; r obliged to atrip
themselves of all th ir down to r..-fu
nish their despoiled nests. S'.nutirr.cs
if the quality is very gnat, a little may
be taker., but enough must be U ft to
cover the eggs when tr.;- duck leaves
her nest for food.
A writer fiom Iceland, in speaking of
a visit to one of the Isafjord farms,
wrote:
"On the coast was a wall, built of
large stones, just above high w^ter
level, about three fet't high and of
considerable thickness at the bottom.
On both sides of It alternate stones had
been left out. so as to form a series of
square compartments for the ducks to
make their nests in. Almost eve:y com
partment was occupied, and, as we
walked along the shore, a line of ducks
flew out. one after another. The h'iu?<j
was a marvel. The eaithen walls that
surround it and the window embrasures
were occupied with ducks. On the
ground the house was fringed with
diuks. On the turf slopes of the ro-jf
we could see ducks, and ducks sat on
the scraper."
About 10,000 pounds of eider down
ar-e gathered annually in Ice-land, 7,000
pounds being exported to foreign
countries. Fc>nr.erly the peasants used
to receive over twenty-one shillings a
ptund, but the price has now fallen to
half of that amount. The peasants sel
dom receive money, and are obliged to
barter their down for mtrchandije fur
nished by the Danish merchants at the
little settlements at the fjords. A pjund
and one-half of down is er.ougvi to fill
and ordinary bed puff. These very
comfortable articles are found in the
guestroom of every- Icelandic farm,
however poor and small it may hs.
After a long, hard day in the oaddte,
the traveler longs for warmth ami
shelter. These little guestrooms have
never had a fire in them, and, built as
they are. on the ground, there is a
dreadful chill in them. Once tucked
away in bed, however, and well covered
with the down puff, a delightful sense
of comfort follows and tired bones lose
their pains and stiffness.
IRON DISSOLVED BY WATER.
Secret of the Sadden Wearing Out
of ripen— Rapidity of Dissolution,
Some interesting experiments and
researches itito the ability of water
to exercise a destructive influence on
iron pipe, which have recently been
mad? In Kurupe. have yielded results
not generally expected. It has been
WAWTADS.
May be left nt flic following loca
tions for Insertion In the Daily and
Sunday Globe, at the same rates ai
are charged by the main ofllee.
DAYTON'S BLUFF.
Sever Westby 679 East Third st
ST. ANTHONY HILL.
Emll Bull Grand ay. and St. Albans
W. A. Frost & Co....Selby and Western ava.
Straight Bros Rondo and Grotto ats.
A. A. Campbell 235 Rondo sL
A. T. Guernsey 171 Dale st.
Brackett'a Victoria and Selby ay.
. . MERRIAM PARK.
A. L. Woolsey SL Anthony and Prior ays.
ARLINGTON HILLS.
C. R. Sfarelius Cor. Bedford and Decatur
A. 6: G. A. Schumacher 954 Payne ay.
_ LOWER TOWN.
Wr.Mam K. Collier Seventh and Sibley
Joseph Argay Cor. Grove and .Taekson sts.
M. D. Merrill 442 Broadway
WEST SIDE.
Tho Eclipse S. Robert and Falrfleld ay.
Geurge Marti Wabasha and Falrfleld ay.
Concord Prescription Store.. State, and Concord
A. T. Hall South Wabasha and Isabel
WEST SEVENTH STREET. '
A. & O. A. 3chumacher..499 West Seventh st.
J. J. Mullen.. Cor. Jamea and West Seventh st.
UPPER TOWN.
S. 11. Reeves Moore Block. Seven Corners
C. T. Heller St. Peter and Tenth sts.
B. J. Witte 29 East Seventh st.
F. M. Crudden 496 Rice st.
W. E. Lowe Robert and Twelfth sts.
Ray Campbell Rico and Iglehart sts.
UNION PARK.
C. A. Monchow University and Prior ays.
NO AD. LESS THAN 2O CENTS.
Situations Wanted, Male and Fe
male Help, llaslnesn Chances, Horned
and Carriages, .'.nil or Found, Heal
Estate, Far Kent, Etc.,
ONE CENT PER WOKD
EACH INSERTION.
Personal, Clalrvoynnta, Palmists,
Ma»«aee, Medical, Etc.,
TWO CENTS PER WORD
EACH INSERTION.
NO AD. LESS THAN i»O CKNTS.
HEM* WANTED— Jlale.
MEN WANTED, to learn barbeTTrade; can
complete in two months by our new method;
as a special Inducement for the balance of
the year we will donate each student a
complete outfit of tools; there Is a growing
demand for our graduates; our handsome
Illustrated. 1398. catalogue mailed frea o:i
application. The Moler System of Barber
and Hair Dressing College, 223 Washington
ay. south, Minneapolis.
WANTED— Young man to work in gents'
furnishing goods store who can loan < iu
ployer $1,000 for ono year; 10 per cent In
terest; good paper. Address Merchant,
lock box 205. Havre. Mont.
HELP WANTED— FemaIe.
HOUSEWORK— CtrI wanted at 100 Concord st.
HOUSEWORK — Girl wanted for Renera.l
housework. Apply 382 Kaat Eighth st.
KELIEF SOCIETY
Employment Regriaier.
Office 141 East Ninth Street. Telephone 181.
We want wui k for the following worthy
persona:
A YOUNG woman stenographer and type
writer; ihe support of an Invalid mother.
AN EXPERT penman to address envelope.*
or invitations.
A MAN' io put out calendars.
A MAN to attend furnaci s.
A HOY to dri (bores or drive; the only sup
port of a widowed motbi-r.
WOMH..N to do washing, bousecleanlng and
caring (er the sick.
MEN to saw wood; clearf ofT snow, and do od 1
Jons.
TO EXCHANGE.
i'O EXCHANGE— New goodi exchanged for
sreoiid-hand. Curdozo Furniture nnJ Esx<
♦•Imiigp rornr.nny. ;::; F!js'. SevM-.th at
riOKSOXAL.
PRIVATE HOME for inrli.s before and dur
ing confinement At Mrs. M. A. Streetar'a,
2i2l Slxtb st. north. Minneapolis. Take Cam
dt:i car.
■HSUICAIm
an.va. MACK, from Chicago: i.atiis of all
kinds; select massage. 186 East :->vouth Bt.
SCIENTIFIC MASSAOE and baths. 87 Baal
Si I ' nth BUltO 200.
DR. STELLA FREMONT "flailis: massage,
electricity and vatx>r. 30S Jackson st.
MME. LAURETTA'S maasaKe bath parlors;
o ito patronage solicited. 319 Jackson st.
SOUH STOMACH,
And every fcrni of stomach wakness. cured
by the new discovery. STUARTS DYSPEP
SIA TAUL.ETS. Pleasant to take: full clze
I ackages. GO cents, at druggists, liouk on
iicmacb troublei and thousands of testl
aonlals sent (res by addreajiuK Stuart Co..
Murihnll. Mich. ;
/ /^«JUKEB\ I Dm B| S a r or unnut..;;,!
/ /laiM»da(*.\| diacfeargM, lnJUao»tiuti«,
/- --/ iie«r*uL«*ii y irriutiooi or Dlcenuioai
! — ')L not *" " r > cljr '- of uiiicoui iiii-nilirnnci
U^frrmoa c, u ««.o O . [. nlll i,. SH , it ,,,, Bot iIIiU , ID .
\ 53\THECVAII3uHEIIia»l«)(, K-nt or poisonous.
1 .Sold by nrncElsts,
V xC fl ' A- / | or •■•it in plain wiappei
■ ° *" Clrcnlar umi <m moujat
ascertained, says the Philadelphia
Record in discußElnpr the subject, that
waters containing little lime, but an
appreciable quantity of dissolved car
bonic acid, were observed to ex<
n Bolvent action upon the iron, and the
course of the action was traced. A
known quantity of Iron filings was
placed In each of three vessels, which
were respectively filled with ordinary
river water, and the same water after
rile acid had passed through it
far a few minutes, and after the addi
tion of sufficient lime to just neutralize
the carbonic acid. The vessels w< re
sealed by mercury from contact by
the air, and. after the lapse of a cer
tain time, the iron dissolved in each
M?U Mi.
IMS ml ■ 131
Bildad— There'll be prosperity in most lmt-8 of trad- this winter, but not
all.
Buzzfuzz — That's bo; 1 exyect there's Le great falling ff in the toboggan
business.
IIOIISKS AM) CAIIII7AGKS.
HORSES! HOK2ES:-Lumbermen taks notice!
TCO head of heavy logging horses weighing
from J.&00 to I.SOO lbs. for sale at low piles*
at Barrett & Zimmerman's stables. Mlnna
•ota Transfer. St. Paul, Minn.; part tiant
given tf desired; take interurban car frota
cither city.
rrr -^
PINANCIAIi.
BEFOKE YOU KENEW OI.I) LOANS, Of
mako new ones, see The SLai- Savingi
Rank. Germur.ia Life Uuildlng. Fourth anj
Minnesota sts. This home Institution loin*
at lowest rates, charges do commission or
exchange, requires no gold i I tase D I give»
you the "on or before" privilege.
Articles <>f Incorporation.
We, the undersigned, hereby associate our
selves together for the purpose of becoming
a corporation under and by virtue of this
laws of the State of Minnesota, and do hereby
adopt and sign the following articles of in
corporation:
ARTICLE I.
Tho name of this corporation shall be tha
Laurel Flats Corporation. The principal place
of the transaction of the business of aald
corporation shall be St. Paul, Minnesota.
The general nature of the business of said
corporation shall be buying, owning, Improv
ing, selling, leasing and dealing in lands,
tenements and hereditaments, real, mixed and
personal estate and property, and building,
buying, selling, leasing and operating apart
ment houses.
ARTICLE 11.
Sa-'d corporation shall commence on th«
"Oth day of December, 1897, and tho period of
its continuanco shall be the term of thirty
years thereafter.
ARTICLE 111.
Thn amount of capital stork of said cor
poration shall lie thirty-fly.> thousand dollars
($35,000), divided Into 350 shares of one hun
dred dollars (1100) each, to be Issued and
paid In aa tho Hoard of Directors of said cor«
poratlon shall determine.
ARTICLE IV.
Tho highest amount of Indeltcdness or lla.
blllty to which Hnlrt corporation shall at any
tlmo bo subject shall be fifteen thousand
dollars (*15,000).
ARTICLE V.
Tho names and prices of residence of th«
persons forming said association for incor
poration aro as follows: Edwin M. Ware.
George n. Ware and Howurd V. Ware, all
residing at St. Paul, Minnesota.
ARTICLE VI.
Tho government of this corporation and the
management of Its business and affairs shall
be vetted In a board of three directors, who
shall be elected nnnually by and from th»
stockholders of nadd corporation at each an
nual meeting thereof, which shall be held on
the first Monday In each and every year at
tho principal office of said corporation In St.
Paul Minnesota, pxcopt no annual meeting
theroof uhall bo held during the year 1898.
Said directors shall hold offlce for one year,
or until their successors are elected In their
stead.
The. annual meeting of the Hoard of Direc
tors of this corporation ahal! be held at Its
principal office In St. Paul Immediately after
the adjournment of each annual meeting of
said corporation.
Thn first Hoard of Directors Khali consist of
Kdwln M. Warp. George B. Ware and Howard
!■'. Ware, who shall hold office until tho nn
nual meeting of the corporation for the year
1899, or until their successors are elected In
their Htend.
ARTICLE VIT.
Tho officers of this corporation shall b« a
president, a vice president, a secretary and a
treasurer, who shall be elected by the Hoard
of Directors at each annual meeting thereof.
and shall hold office for one year, or until
th«!r successor* arc dieted !n their si»nt
They shnll perform such duties and have ruch
powers ns the by-lawi of the corporation Hhiill
prescribe. The ofllce of secretary and t r.- 1 . .
urer may tie held l>v the sane ;>• rson.
The first officer.! of thl-> eorporat'on shall bo:
President Edwin M. Ware.
vice President, George n. W;ir»
S' cretary and Treasurer, Howard F. Wii'«,
and they shall bold office until the annual
:n-t'rie Of lh« Hoard of Wr.i-I.jrs for the
y;u- 1839, or until their lurcetsors are elected
in their --'cad.
[n witness wlereof. we have hereunto sot
our hand" and seals this 22nd day of De
cember, 1807.
EDWIN M WAUR ("S.tl )
QFOROti B. WARW (S'-.l »
HOWARD P. WARE. (S. ■] )
In Pre.se n • eof
.1. D. McCuiJoch.
E, C, Stringer.
STATE OK MINNESOTA, County, of Run
sey
On this 22t»l day of December, A. T» iSf*7,
personally ■ppcan i before me Kdwln m.
Ware, George I! Were and Howard I' Ware,
to me known to be the rame persons who >-x
ecuted thi forejroinK Inatrumenl and each for
himself acknowledged that I xecuted tha
.s;irne freely and voluntarily and for the uses
and purposes th<r<in expreaa d.
(Notarial Seal.) E. C. RTRINOER,
Notary Publ c,
Ramsey County, Minn.
STATE OF MINNESOTA DEPARTHBfrf
of sntc.
I hereby certify that the within Instrument
was filed for record In this < (Bee on th« 22d
day of December. A. I> l^7. at 2 o'clock
p. m., and w;im duly recorded In Rook S. 2 of
Incorporation*, on page — .
ALBERT BERO
Secretary of state.
STATE OF MINNESOTA, COUNTY OF ItAM
sey—ss.
Office of the Rf'KlHtor of Deeds.
This Ih to certify that th.- within instrument
was filed for record hi this i<m>e at St Paul,
nn the 22d day of December, A. I). iw. at
2 10 o'clock p. m.. and that Ih" same win
duly recorded In Book II of Incorporations,
pases 570-572.
KDWARD (',. KRAHVIKK
RegJsfa r of Deeds.
By F. L. nreen. Deputy.
Official State Historical Photographer.
OO AKD 101 BAST SIXTH STKEKT.
(Oppoalt* Metropolitan Opera H .u»o.i
«|><-< ial X i AMCillldreU Itnlei.
fIHRISTMAS PHOTOGRAPH),
U /RUSTIC PHOTOGRAPHY
T<'l«'plioilt) 1075.
case wax determined. In th
the water had dissolved aboul 0.0003
per cent, in the second 0.02 per cent,
while in the third only I I Iron
could be discerned. Th'- water In the
second case was clear, but on st
exposi '1 i" ihe air f • -ti le
separai d. If was therefore Inferred
that waters containing carbonic i
and very little lime dissolved Ir
ferrous carbonate. The then
decomposed by the oxygen of th
and ferric oxide is deposited and
bonic add formed. The latter
again attack the Iron, and thus water
ainlng little carbonic acid may
have a powerful action upon Iron
pipes.
AS LSI A 1,.
7