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4 THE DfllLY GLOBE IS PUBLISHED EVERY DAY AT NEWSPAPER ROW, COX. FOURTH AND 3IINXESOTA STS. SUBSCRIPTION RATES. Paynble In Advance. Daily and Sunday, Per Month .GO Bally and Sunday, S*x Months $2.75 Dally and Sunday, One Year - $5.0 D Daily Only, Per Month - AO Daily Only, Six Blontlis - - - - - #2.25 Dally Only, One Year $4.00 Sunday Only, One Year ----- $1.50 Weekly, One Year f 1.00 Address all communications and make all femitfances payrble to THe GLODE CO.. St Paul. Minn. Complete files of the Globe always kept on hand for reference. TODAY'S AVKATHER. WASHINGTON, Jan. IC— Forecast for Mon day: Minnesota— Partly cloudy weather; warmer in northern third of the state; southerly winds. AYisconsin— Threatening weather; light snow in southern portion; warmer; fresh southerly winds. The Oakotas— Threatening weather; south erly winds. lowa— Fair, followed by increasing cloudi ness and snow or rain; warmer in eastern por tion ; easterly winds. Montana— Light snow; southwesterly winds. GENERAL OBSERVATIONS. United Slates Department of Agriculture, Weather Bureau, Washington, Jan. 16, 6:4$ p. in. Local Time, 8 p. m. 75th Meridian Time. — Observations taken at the same mo ment of time at all stations. TEMPERATURES. Place. Tern.) Place. Tern. St. l'aul 30 Qu"Appelle 12 Dulutli 2'J | .\linnedosa 8 Huron :u "Winnipeg 6 Bismarck 20— * "Williston 20 Buffalo 22-2G Havre 28jBoston 29-3G Helena 24.Cheyenn8 2132 Edmonton 2> Chicago 25-26 Battleford 4 Cincinnati 32-34 Prince Albert B,.Montreal 6-12 Calgary ZOjNew Orleans .. . .50-f>l Medicine Hat 22'NVw York 32-40 Swift Current 18 Pittsburg 30-34 DAILY MEANS. Barometer, 30.12; mean temperature, 21; relative humidity, 74; wind at 8 p. m.. south east; weather, clear; maximum temperature, 35; minimum temperature, 13; daily range, 2i'; amount of precipitation (rain and melted snow) in last tv.-cnty-four hours, 0. Koto— Barometer corrected for temperature and elevation. — P. F. Lyons, Observer. HOW TO MAKE MARKETS. Ho who, from motives of curiosity or information, goes through those .monthly publications of the bureau of commerce of the department of state cannot fail to have noticed the fre quency with which the gentlemen who enjoy the salaries and perquisites of the several hundred consulates and commercial agencies of the United States in foreign parts reiterate their advice to the manufacturers of this country of the means they must use, the m< I hods tl i y n rst learn and adopt if they would op» ;i the -oyster of for eign markets. They are told that th y must send their representatives abroad ■with samples of their products; that th< y must learn local customs and needs just as they have to learn them at home. They are told that they must hustle for business just as they have to at home. Our consul at Furth, In Bavaria, lectures thorn roundly in the December number. American manu facturers expect that Baierng will be able to read English circulars and cat alogues when they verstehe nicht em ■wort of our polyglot tongue. And he goes patiently over the old round of counsel. Our manufacturers cannot be accused of dullness in matters that concern tin ir interests. If any one suspects tit in of it, he will be convinced to the contrary by a cursory reading into the huge volumes of the hearings before ev< i y ways and means committee that is tinkering the tariff. But in this mat ter of foreign markets they are slow to take the hint given by the department of agriculture. They cannot have failed to note the energetic measures taken by the present incumbent of that department in opening a market in England for the butter and cheese of our farms and factories. Why should not the manufacturers have a depart ment of mechanics and manufactures, with a secretary and an annual ap propriation? Why should he not .buy .quantities of their wares and ship them to possible markets in charge of super cargo-s. expert in their use, who could make plain to the stupid foreigner the superior merits of our goods? If tons and tons of butter can be properly bought and cent abroad at public expense, and peddled out among deal ers by public agents, why should not cottons and woolens, hoots and shoes, farm implements and bicycles, wagons and plows, and the whole list of our manufactures be also bought up by the secretary of the department of mechan ics and manufactures and sent with a coips of governmental commercial travelers, lea.ned in foreign lan guages, to England and Europe to open markets there for them? Why is not the one just as proper a use of govern ment as the other? Why should our amply protected and fostered farmers "be favored with a foreign market open er and our poor manufacturers be left, to fry in their own fat? They have row their Home Market club; why not a Foreign Market club? They have now their ways and means committee for scaling up the home market; why not have their foreign relations com mittee to break the seals on foreign markets? If the farmers are entitled to a department of agriculture, why should not our manufacturers have, a department of mechanics and manufac tures? TEACHERS AMO KOR1IA& SCHOOLS. Tin re is a logical sequence to the establishment of a public school system In that of schools to prepare teachers for the schools. The idea that once pre vailed that any one could be a farmer who could be nothing else included, With some modification, teachers, espe cially of district schools. While there was always the formality of an exam ination, it was intrusted to unskilled and generally incompetent hands. With the advance in methods of education came the conviction that those who would apply these methods must be trained in them, and hence came the normal schools. It has been observed of all human institutions that they get to lose sight of the end in what may be called institutionalism, a greater re gard for the machine than for the work it is designed to accomplish. It is so in government, in religion, In law and in education as well. It is an open question whether, in the veneration for state normal schools, sight has not been lost of their primary purpose, the preparation of a supply of instructed teachers, not for the cities, but for the greater number of country and vil lage district schools. The tables given in the report of the state superintendent of schools for 1596 furnish some interesting data on this point. We find that there were employed in the common district schools in 1896 2,083 male and 5,648 fe male teachers, a total of 7,731. Of these 343 were graduates of normal schools, and 1,102 had attended them, a total of 1,445. A little more than 4 per cent were graduates and 14 per cent had attended normals. Of the 354,657 pupils among whor . the school money was apportioned in 1896, 219,692, or 60 per cent, were in the district schools, In structed by teachers but 18 per cent of whom had had any previous in struction of any kind in either the art or science of teaching. On the other hand, the 134,965 pupils in independent and special districts, which include the high schools and graded schools, were instructed by 371 male and 2,810 female teachers, 1,196 of whom were graduates and but 166 had only "attended" nor mal schools. That is, 40 per cent of the pupils had 77 per cent of the teachers who had completed the course of preparation in the normals, while CO per cent of the pupils had but 33 per cent of them. The proportion of graduates to "at tendants" in these two classes of schools is striking. In the district schools the ratio of graduates to at tendants was as 1 to 3.2; in the other the ratio of attendants to graduates Is as 1 to 7. Fourteen per cent of the common school teachers had only "at tended" normals, and but 1.2 per cent of the teachers in the other class of schools. Surely a former state superintendent of schools was not in error when he characterized our school system as "topheavy." A system of normal in struction that has cost the state in buildings $555,895, and in support, by direct appropriations, $1,354,843; a sys tem inaugurated for the purpose of supplying trained teachers to all the schools of the state, and particularly to the poorer districts— for the cities can well be left to care for themselves in this matter — cannot be said to have vindicated itself in results. Aside from the facts here presented, there are ad missions of this by the state. We find this in the establishment of summer training schools where, during the va cation months, instructors go to the county seats and spend several woeks in giving instruction in teaching to those who are or would be teachers. In 18% there were 2,610 pupils in the four normal schools, and 5,468 was the av erage daily attendance of the 7,221 en rolled in the summer training schools. Of the number enrolled 2,381 had never taught, indicating a desire for prepara tion among the youth from whom the future supply of 'teachers must be drawn. Another indication is the growing demand to have normal train ing made a part of the curriculum of the high schools. Before the state yields to the demand for still more nor mal schools these facts should be well considered, with a view to bringing normal instruction nearer to the great er mass that so needs its benefits, in stead of, as now, conferring it upon communities able to provide for them selves. A JUST MU.VKI SE FOR PENSIONS. The New York Sun, now the leading Republican paper of that city, prints the names of all pensioners receiving pensions of from $72 to $50 a month. We advert to this for the purpose of illustrating the position held by the Globe, and for the advocacy of which some of the Republican papers of the state have denounced it with all the virulence at their command, vitupera tion which we gladly accept as the highest compliment they could pay. Let us briefly repeat this position. No soldier, especially one who went to the defense of his country for other than monetary considerations, should add to its present burdens by asking for or receiving a pension if he is so cir cumstanced as to be able to support himself and those dependent upon him. A pension, adequate for his comfort able support during life, should be given the soldier who, through in firmity or misfortune, has become In capable of self-support. Owing to the number receiving pensions now who are able to care for themselves and do not need their pensions, the most that can be given the needy and dependent sol dier is the beggarly pittance of $12 a month, a dollar less a month than was paid the first volunteers. The rate of $72 a month is given where the soldier has lost both feet or both eyes and "also for total and per manent disability requiring the con stant aid and attendance of another person." Such a person is a really "dependent" pensioner. It is true that there are men receiving this rate who are so well endowed with the goods of this world that they do not need it for sustenance; but, aside from that, the rate is based upon their helplessness, their incapacity for physical self-help. They are in but little worse condition than is the old soldier who has been less fortunate in the acquisition of property and who finds himself in his old age dependent upon his daily labor for support, with bodily infirmities that incapacitate him from labor. To these dependent ones, dependent upon char ity, the Globe would have the gov ernment come, not as debtor paying a debt, but as a generous and grateful nation, remembering faithful service, with provision for the comfortable support of the dependent during life. The dependent pension act of IS9O, pretentiously motived by this idea, is THE SAINT PAUJO GLOBE: MONDAY, JANUARY 17, 1898. one of the sorriest farces ever put into the statute books. It was perverted into a sham and a fraud after there was cut out of it the condition of de pendence upon manual labor without other means of support, and inability to perform it, with mere physical in capacity to labor made the test Under it thousands of men with inde pendent means of support are drawing dependent pensions, but who can not perform manual labor because of some physical disability. Then it was fur ther robbed of its good purpose by the limitation of the rate to $12 a month, a limit necessitated by the sum needed to pay service pensions to those not needing them. It is a sorry farce in deed, to dole out to the man who can no longer sustain himself by his labor the pittance of $12 a month on which to support himself, a sum less than the kitchen scullion earns, who gets board and lodging in addition. It makes the recipient a pauper indeed, and, if he seek the shelter of the so called soldiers' home, even two-thirds of this is taken from him. There is but one reform of the pen sion abuse that will do justice. Give no one a pension who has means of support, and give to those who have not a rate that will insure their com fort. If holding to this policy as be ing just, as being honorable to the old soldier, as being the only one the sol dier who went unbountied to the de fense of his country should ask, If this is "treason" to the old soldier, if it is "copperheadism," we accept cheerfully the appellations as excellent definitions of loyalty and patriotism. A WOMAN'S LESSON TO MEN. If one were to judge of the condi tions of our farmers by the wails emit ted during the recent session of the Alliance, the oppressed fellaheen of Egypt are a burdenless class beside them. If one goes out among them, he will find that prosperity exists among them in just about the same proportion that It does with all other industrial classes, and, accident aside, depends upon the thrift, industry, econ only aid good management which are brought to the work of extracting wealth from the soil. If the railways are the robbeis pictured in lurid colors by the average Pop, if bankers are the bloodsuckers, the greedy cormorants, -the rapacious Shylocks against whom the Populist orator delights to hurl his anathemas, there could be no such instance of the accumulation of wealth by agriculture as is given by the Win dom Reporter. "One square yard of Kent is worth all of Utopia," says Macaulay, and one such case of suc cess amid surroundings so formidable is worth all the panaceas Populism pre scribes for the enrichment of the farm er. "There is a widow in Mountain Lake town ship," says the Reporter, "whose widowhood is of fivi' or six years' standing. Her husband i If l't her in a bid shape financially, and with j is. v< rai children to take care of. Among I otlltr debts was that of about two thousand j dollars on a piece of land bought of the rail- | road company upon which only a small pay- ! inent had been made. There were two things ! for the woman to do when she became a I widow: to sit down and mourn her lot. curs;; mankind for the ills it brings to the rest of tho people, or go to work with intelligence and determination to carry on the work laid out by her husband and succeed. Like a brave woman she chose the latter, managing her work and employing such help as was necessary. She worked the farm intelligently, and perhaps not being able to vote has been a blessing to her. In that one word 'vote' she might have traced her wrongs and mis fortunes, but not possessing the right sho gave no thought to statecraft but to getting out of the soil the wealth with which God endowed it, before he made so many acute statesmen who can see no profits in other than hauling down somebody else's house. ''What has the widow done, did you ask? Well, we have had hard times for five years, ten-cent oats and forty-cent wheat, a gold money and a howling Bryan trying to con vince people that they couldn't live. During all this time, when voters were correcting the evils of politics and getting rich on wind, the widow has been raising wheat, oats, flax, barley, corn, stock, chickens, gecae and tur keys, minding her own business and raking in the shekels. She has paid all of her hus band's debts, paid for the land, clothed her family better than they were clothed when the father lived, and possesses a 'peaceful, quiet mind.' I know of statesmen who have been growing poorer all these years while she has been growing richer, and not only richer, but better, a better woman, a better mother, a better friend, a better financier and a better farmer. "Together with paying all these debts, etc.. she has bought considerable new machinery, oil that haw been needed to carry on her half section of land. She has kept It housed and cared for when not in use, while statesman ship has scattered plows, drags, reapers, mowers, harvesters, headers, riekers, stack ers and everything it could get trusted for over the prairie to d^ecay under the opera tion of the elements." What farmers want, what they have the right to demand, Is to be let alone; neither fooled with pretense of legis lative aid nor handicapped by burdens Imposed by law. Take off the burdens, give them an equal chance with every other class, and let them alone to work out their financial salvation as ability to do It is given them. "THE IXGRATITIDK OF POMTI CIAJTS." The Winona Herald takes the rejec tion of the application of Mark H. Dun nell for some place under this admin istration as a text for a homily on the ingratitude of politicians. It descants upon the service of Mr. Dunnell to his party; his ability as a statesman; the position of influence he achieved in congress; his relations with the present president, for years his in congress; their relative degree of in fluence while members of the house, and deduces from the ignoring of Mr. Dunnell the conclusion that politicians are insensible to claims upon their gratitude. The ungratefulness of re publics long ago became a byword, and politicians run republics. If this is the normal condition, there Is no cause for complaint by the victims nor occa sion for sentimental lament for the non-existence of a virtue that cannot find life because of inherent and in eradicable conditions. The Klondiker might as well bemoan the disappear ance of sunlight during the winter months. We are not aware that Mr. Dunnell is lamenting the ingratitude of Presi dent McKinley. The Herald's article is not inspired by any complaint of his so far as we are aware. It would come with ill grace from him, for he was a politician of politicians. He must have known the conditions of that vo cation when he catered upon it over twenty years ago. He must have known from personal observation that nothing Ls so short-lived as the ex altation of a man by politics. He Wust have witnessed the br?*£ appearance in prominence of thousands of men, political meteors shooting athwart the sky to sink into obscurity In the undistinguished mass. He must have noted the wrecks strewn along the path of all parties, of men who had gone into politics with high hopes, high alms, serving their public well, only to meet sooner or later, and usually sooner, the men who were shrewder and more capable than they and who displaced them In the fickle affections .of. \heir constituents. He must have known that these were the immutable conditions of the career upon which he deliberately entered. True, he may have fancied that he could control the conditions indefinite ly and maintain himself, but abler men than he had been as confident and been unhorsed; Having taken the chances he has no ground for com plaint of the consequences. But there is reason why there Is no gratitude in politics, of the prevalent kind called practical. It works not with so fragile a motor. It proceeds always on the theory of compensations. It adjusts rewards to service with all the exactness an inexact art can mus ter. It was not from a sense of grati tude that Mr. Dunnell, while a repre sentative, secured the appointment of as many of his constituents to public office as his remarkable industry and persistence could secure. He was mere ly paying them for the work they had done In securing for him his place. He adjusted the grade of place to the grade of work, the bigger fellows who controlled county delegations got the best places; the little fellows who ran primaries took the slighter places. Nor did these men at all regard the places given them as gifts of gratitude from the chief. They had no such senti mental notions. They were pay for work done and were always regarded as inadequate to the service rendered. There were always a large number who got no pay at all and were jealous of those who were paid and angry with the man who failed them. They be came numerous enough after a time, as they always will under the spoils system, to unhorse their congressman. As places are given for work, it fol lows that when a man can no longer work there is no use for him in poli tics. That is simply applying good business methods. There is an equiv alency of compensation given for serv ice rendered that squares the equation and leaves nothing due from or to either party. There is no surplus to be entered in the accounts as "grati tude," subject to future drafts. There is no Ingratitude in the refusal of Mr. McKinley to give Mr. Dunnell some thing for nothing; the somethings must go to the Goodnows whose work must be paid for. The Herald is mistaken in attaching the ethics of private life to politics. One of the brainiest and best edited jour j r.als in the state is the Hokah Chief, just a ! quarter of a century old. We congratulate Brother Moe on his success. — Preston Times. Thus do we give each other the rub re ciprocal. The Chief wants L,angum to be sec j retary of state, and Langum naturally regards the Chief as "brainy." ■' We always has a smile for those who know a good piece of news and hand it in — Carver Journal. And they who "hand it in" will "has" a smile for your assurance of a smile. AT ThYtHEATERS, Henry E. Dixey is a living e?cemp!inca'ir,n of the truth of the Darwinian theory as ap plied to the stage. Not that Mr. Dixey b«ars any closer relation to the simian fam ily than anybody else in the large audience that delighted in him at the Grand opera house last nfght. On the contrary, he seems I to be several degrees further removed f:om his primordial ancestors than many of thcee who go to see him. But, professionally his is a case of evolution in histrionsm. Upon the occasion of his first app?aranre in Rice's "Hvangeline" in hls-^ot Rice's-biyhood days, Dixey-s heels claimed sole attention in the hoifer dance. Tcdav his hands do dex terous duty, his ipobile-i oxpressivo features adapt themselves *to thp expression of hu man characteristics, his flexible voice fits any character, hft grace of movement pro vokes the admiration of the eye. Mr Dixey performs sleight bt hanjd tricks; Mr. Dixey capers nimbly about Ule stage; Mr Dixey gives an imitation of &fr Henry Irving that years ago captured the L,cnion public. Mr Dixey, in short, Is a wiyjle show. He fairly illuminates his own entertainment. His feats of necromancy ari overshadowed by his dra matic achievements. He is an actor first His legerdemain is an 'Afterthought. The bill of th<| p'Jay labels him "Dixey the Magician." It might more appropria'ely style him "Dixey, tho Entertainer." There ! is more magic in his transformation from Henry Dixey to Henry Irving than there is in the trunk trick, impossible as the latter looks. Yet Mr. Dixey made the former shirt in full view of the audience, "without feav ing the stage," as he put it. Mr. Dlxey's Mr. Irving Is a concentrated caricature of the eminent English actor. It possesses the convincing truth of the cartoon that often does more justice to a man than his photo granh ever did. As an imitation of Mr. Irving's acting it Is not Intended; as an embodiment of his personality and manner isms It Is startling^ lifelike. While Mr Dixey waa "putting on" the make-up neces sary to the "taking off" of Irving, he tilled in the time with a few miscellaneous anec dotes and witticisms that concealed the lap-e of time, without detracting from the interest with which the spectators watched the appli cation of the various grease paints It is a fair assumption that the majority of the people who assembled at the Grand "last night expected to see somebody beside Dixey They looked for a vaudeville entertainment with Dixey as the star. Not a vaudevill-ain made his appearance. Two petite and shapely young women and two active and enthusiastic colored boys constituted Mr. Dixey's only vis ible assistants. One cf the co'.orsd toys. who m Dixey has christened "Pizzazzes." borrowed the rings, watches and handkerchiefs from the audience, and the shapely young women in page costumes adorned the stage In the first part, and obediently and mysteriously van ished in mid-air \ipon subsequent occasions. These illusions were illusive, as well as spectacular. The young 1 ' women vanished "into the air" without -warning. So complete and sudden was the disappearance of the ethereal young lady who retired behind a white sheet in thfe Black Art scene, and so startling was the 'disclosure of a real, roar ing, rampant lion Jn hex, place as to suggest the unpleasant suspicion that tho beast had swallowed the beXuty— but the same young lady will vanish again tonight. The performance opens and closes with a sleight of hand entertainment. In the first part Mr. Dixey appears in his immaculate Adonis costume — )p the last he wears the black full dress, i^lth knee breeches, that re minds one of the late Herrmann. Throughout these portions of the programme, Mr. Dixey indulges in a spicy comment that gives sauce to every feat he performs. His puns are ex travagant enough to be good, his Jokes are clever, and he never once observes: "Now you see It, and now you don't." Af""sr seeing Dixey, one is compelled to say that the stage was intended for artista, not artisans. Who cares to see a genuine plumber, for instance, mend a gas plpo, or Joe .Ylurphy shoe a horse on the stags f SAVIfIG THE SlftliS NORTH AMERICAN COMMERCIAL COMPANT WOT DIRECTLY W TERESTED, SO SAYS J. STANLEY BROWN. NO MONOPOLY FOR THE AMERICAN COMPANY ACCORDING TO HIS STATISTICS. LONDON THE] GREAT MARKET. Ne-nr Law Prohibiting Importations Works No Hardships to Americans. Special to the Globe. WASHINGTON, Jan. 15.— Mr. J. Stanley-Brown, the general manager of the North. American Commercial com pany, was asked today by your cor respondent how far his company would justify the government in conceding easier terms to importers of sealskins than were contained In the regulations issued by the treasury department to the customs service in the circular of Dec. 30. "Our company," answered Mr. Stan ley-Brown, "is taking no part in this whole affair, in spite of what many newspaper writers are saying. We are of course interested spectators, but spectators simply. The government is passing its own laws and making its own regulations, with an eye to the future of an industry which, if proper ly husbanded, ought to outlive any particular private interest. The com pany's concern with the fur-seal fishery begins and ends with any contract it may have already made or may here after make with the government; but the government's interest is perpetual, just as in its mineral deposits, or its forest domain, or its navigable waters, or any other of its economic resources." "But you surely feel the importance of preserving your monoply of the seal fur trade in the United States?" "Possibly we should If we possessed such a monopoly; but we do not. That is a very common error, and the gov ernment is criticised — congress for parsing the prohibitory act of Dec. 29, and the president for signing the regu lations under it— on the assumption that both of them were acting in col lusion with the North American Com mercial company, or with a view to the promotion of its interests. As a mat ter of fact, the government is doing the only natural and logical thing left to it. After seeking in vain to pre vent the people of other countries from carrying on pelagic sealing, it now does what it ought to have done at first, proceed in this matter with clean hands, by requiring its own citizens, at least, to abstain. It can invite, and rtqutst, and persuade the foreign seal ers till the crack of doom, but it has no way of compelling them to cease the destructive methods they are now pursuing. Now, having said to its own citizens, 'Here is one industry which you shall not pursue,' with what grace can it permit the people of other coun tries to follow that industry and bring the products of it right into the Ameri can market for sale? The prohibition— or, I should say, the restriction— upon importation is the inevitable sequence of the prohibition upon pelagic sealing. "But again, bear in mind that the law does not shut out even all the skins not taken upon the Prybiloff isl ands. The prohibitory line simply fol lows the thirty-fifth degree of north latitude; everything taken in the wat rs of the Pacific north of that is con demned, but nothing else. Skins from the Commander islands, and the Lobos islands, and the scattering product, such as those from Cape Horn and the Cape of Good Hope, are admitted to this country on the same footing as the Prybjloff skins." "What proportion do the products of these other sources bear to the total catch of any year?'' "Last year the skins taken outside of the prohibited area numbered 30,000 to 35.000; the Prybiloff catch last year was about 20,000. and this year's catch may be still smaller. So, you see, there is no monopoly of the market. The popular misapprehension on tli^it point arises doubtless from ignorance of the commercial history of a sen.l -skin. Most persons suppose that when a seal is killed by one of our men, and we wish to supply the American mar ket, we send the skin right to New York or some other American city and sell it. This is not the fact. We are not engaged in supplying the American market, or any other market, as such. Every skin, or substantially every one, taken by anybody anywhere on earth, goes at once to Kngland. simply salted so as to keep. In London there are held, periodically, public auction sales, at which, all skins from all places are divided into lots according to their merit, assigned a 'lot number* and ex posed for sale to the highest bidder In open competition. Here is a circular, for instance, of one of the trade sales of C. M. Lampson & Co. You will sec that lot 312 is made up of '34 large pups and 25 middling pups,' lot 346 of '17 nutty,' lot 397 of '2 middlings, 19 middlings and smalls, and 37 smalls,' and so on. Our skins are sold there side by side with the skins sent in from all over the globe. Sometimes prices rule high, sometimes low, according to the state of the market; but in any event, when one of our skins is sold In this way, our in terest in It is extinguished, except in the sense that any wholesaler is al ways interested in seeing thajt his re tail customer is not robbed of a mar ket. But we do not control, and could not. the fate of any skin we sell. It may come to America, or it may go to Australia, or it may appear on the shoulders of a lady in the streets of Stockholm. "But even supposing the statements going the rounds were true — that this was a clever scheme manipulated by the company now holding the lease of the seal islands to more completely gain control of the business and trans fer it to the United States? It is not true; but If it were, what fault could be found with such a result? If the ultimate effect of a trade readjust ment were to transfer the fur-dressing and dyeing business to our shores, thereby adding a new industry to our present list, surely this could not be set down as an injury to the country. Whether this industry will come to us now or not, no one can tell." "You do not believe, then, the com mon statement that we cannot dress and dye seal skins over here as they do abroad? "Certainly not. There is no reason why American ingenuity and skill should not do it as well, or even bet ter. We now lead the whole world in treating some other kinds of furs— why not seal? "If we can do this, why have we not done it already? "For reasons which are intertwined with the whole history of the seal fur trade. Long before America began to take any interest in fine peltries Lon don became the gTeat fur market of the world. It was natural that, as tha general trade grew, the allied Indus tries should spring up and cluster about it. The business of supplying the market was in comparatively few hands; and all these parties were satis fled with the existing conditions, which were extremely profitable, bo that they devoted their energies to fighting off and crushing competition rather than to spreading the mechanism of their trade. Among their other devices was that of cultivating a world-wide popu lar belief, almost amounting to a super stition, that furs dressed and dyed in England were finer than anything that had been, or could be, produced else where — as if the English were possessed of some mysterious secret, or had ac cess to materials which could not be duplicated In other countries. Actually, sealskins are dressed and dyed today in France and in Germany. In the city of Brooklyn there is an establishment •where sealskins are dyed and redyed, and they are handsome pieces of work manship when they come out of the process there. So you see there Is no longer any terror in a great name." "How large is the American con sumption of sealskins?" "It would be impossible to tell posi tively from any data already gathered. Hereafter we shall have accurate sta tistics to go upon. But, roughly, the United States are estimated as mak ing use of from 50 to 75 per cent of the entire product of the world. A favor ite mode of evading our duty on dress ed skins has been to ship them from England to Canada, have them made up into garments there, and let some body stroll across the border wearing the garments. Now the smuggler will have a harder time." "So will the honest tourist, will he not?" "That depends to a considerable ex tent on his prudence. If he buys his goods, not of an irresponsible dealer, or one engaged more or less in illicit trade, but of one with a reputation for law-abiding, he is not liable to be an noyed. He will have to show the pedi gree of his furs, but the dealer will be able to furnish him with that, and the United States treasury agents now es tablished in foreign countries are pret ty shrewd about learning the tricks of the various trades and also to differ- BUSS MINNIES KLEVESAHL, QI'KKX OF THE GOLDEN WEST. Miss Minnie Klevesahl, who hes been eh a n to be queen of the golden West during the jubilee week In San Francisco, is one of California's most beautiful native daughters. She was born in San Francisco about twenty years ago, and has grown up to womanhood in the glorious climate. She lias the bright beauty that life In tho ozone and oxygen of the coast confers on California women, and she is most popular among the young people of the metropolis of tho golden state. Mis 3 entiate the personnel of one particular trade. They will not be long in ac quiring expert judgment in the matter of seal furs, so that any coming from a dealer who is known to dabble in the prohibited sort will be scrutinized and coi'demncd, if they bear signs of sus picious origin. Without an agent's ap prcval, a consul cannot certify to the lawful source of th 3 fur." "If the Americans, as a people, make a market for so large a majority of the whole annual product, will not the severity of the inspection result in seri ous damage to the foreign dealers who handle the North Pacific skins, by making so many customers afraid to deal with them?" "That is one of the very objects aim ed at by the law and the regulations. I believe that our government not only has a perfect right, but owes it to it self, to break up the business of those people by making war upon them in any way it can, even by a campaign of harrassment. As long as we insist that the seal herd is our property, and all nations agree that It should be saved, the pelagic sealers, who are bent on destroying its value as fast as they can, must take the consequences of any retaliatory course they provoke on our part." "The claim is made that this whole new policy was sprung upon the trade unawares." "That is a mistake. Some of th" New York papers evidently saw what v/as in the bill when it was first in troduced; for you will notice by refer ence to the files that the substance of the bill, with some commentary, ap peared Dec. 8. On Dec. 9 occurred the trade sale in London by C. M. Lamp son & Co., at which 16,r>G7 Northwest coast skins were offered, alongside of 5,153 from the Lobos islands and nearly 1.000 from the two capes. The pur chases made at that sale indicated that the trade was not wholly unaware of what was in progress— at least that there was no secrecy or mystery about it. Nevertheless, in order to divest th? matter of all possible shadow of hard ship, the president distinctly suspend ed the operation of the new law aa to all goods which were in transit toward this country on or before Dec. 28. That, it seems to me, was stretching courtesy as far as any one could fairly ask him to do, and under that clemency ar rangements have been made by the importers to bring in some 11,000 or 12,000 skins." Home for Bricklayers. - PEORIA, 111., Jan. 16.— The convention of the Bricklayers and Masons' International union is getting down to business now that the committees are completing their work. The total membership is reported at 56.336. of -whom but 31,630 are employed. For beneficial purposes ?250,515 had- been expended, and there is $83.37-3 in the treasury. The establishment of a national home for indigent members is favored. -^^ Can't Get Along "Without Banna. CLEVELAND, 0., Jan. 16.— Senator Hanna left for Washington at 1:40 o'clock thi3 after noon very unexpectedly. His hasty departure Is said to have been brought about by tho receipt of a message urging him to come to the capital at once. It is b;=!ieved that the Hawaiian treaty will be taken up this week, and that his presence v. as desired on that account. SAVES Tfll STOGK USE OF AXTI-TOXIXE SERI M PRE VEXTS RAVAGES OF HOG CHOLERA. GREAT DISCOVERY MADE. ITS COMPLETE SUCCESS DEMOX. STRATED IX ITS PRACTICAL WORKINGS. : CONGRESS ASKED TO AID. Agricultural Department \V:mt» an Appropriation to Carry on Its Work. WASHINGTON, Jan. 16.— The chief of the bureau of animal industry. Dr. D. E. Salmon, has submitted to Secre tary Wilson a report upon the experi ments made in the treatment of hogs for hog cholera with anti-toxine serum. This serum is made upon the same principal as the anti-toxine of diph theria. Good serum has been obtained from both horses and cattle, a horse or cow being inoculated with the hog cholera virus in small quantities at first and with larger doses after suit able Intervals of time. The resistance of the animal is thus raised to the highest practicable point. The blood of such an animal when injected under the skin of swine has been found to possess both a preventive and cura tive action. This serum was first test- ahi was chosen queen of tho jubilee by the unanimous vote of ilie Daughters of th-s Golden West. She has been a member of that organization sinrp she was a girl o( 1.",. and Is now one of the trustees of La Estrella Parlor Xo. 89, which she helped to found a year ago. Quern California is a halt blonde. Her eyes ar<- dark hliio. and she has a head of beautiful brown hair. She is tall, queenly in presence and In every way most fitting for the lofty place to which she has been raised by the people of her own great state. Ed upon small animals in the laboratory and being found efficacious wan last fall tested in Page county, [owa, on several herds of swine, containing al together 278 animals. Leaving out one herd, from which definite returns aa to cause of death could not be obtain ed, only thirty-nine died out of 244 animals treated, of which eighty-six were sick. Cons, quently 82.8 per cent of the animals in these herds were sav ed. Of untreated herds kept under ob servation during the period referred to, about S5 per cent of the animals died. Dr. Salmon believes that with experi ence a better quality of serum can be prepared, and he has no doubt that this percentage can be maintained hereafter. Referring to this report. Secretary Wilson remarked that undoubtedly the results reported by Dr. Salmon were most encouraging to hog raisers. The cost of the scrum now, said the secre tary, is but 10 cents per head of ani mals treated, and doubtless in course of time this light cost may be still fur ther reduced. "It is, in my opinion," said the secretary, "of the utmost Im portance that this serum, for the next year at least, be made by the bureau under our own supervision and dis tributed in large quantities in order to demonstrate its efficacy upon a more extended situation. "It is absolutely necessary that during the experimental stages serum of un doubted quality be used. Unless the hog growers can obtain it from this department they will be for'-* d I pond upon what can be obtained from private sources, and owing to the novelty of this product not only will uisrouragingly exorbitant prices be charged for it, but in many cases in ferior products may be offered. This would preclude the possibility of mak ing a satisfactory test on a widely ex tended scale. I propose to ask c-.»ngres3 to provide an appropriation necessary to enable this department to furnish 2,000,000 doses of serum during the next year, and to make a considerable por tion of the appropriation immediately available. It seems from Dr. Salmon's report that it takes three or four months to put ;i h >rse <>r cow in con dition to supply th^ serum, < onsequent ly the work upon an extended scale must be undertaken at 01 "The losses frum hog cholera nr.- so enormous and have weighed so heavily for years upon our fanners that I can not imagine that congress will fur a moment hesitate to make the appro priations necessary to carry on this work thoroughly. Indeed, apart from the great stake the farmers have in this matter, to refuse to provide for a thorough test 'of this remedy now would be, indeed, penny- wise and pound foolish; for the discovery of this strum has involved already many years of work and a very large sum of money. It would be a meat ml turn that so great a discovery - tj have been made, not to fir.i.-h th ■» work by giving it a thorough and ex tenslve test." LONDON, Jan. 16.— The official engineers* joint committee luis n 1 mployers' federation cf the withdrawal; on behalf of the men, oi the ci^ht-hour demand