The Saint Paul globe., February 14, 1898, Page 6, Image 6

About The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905

Image provided by: Minnesota Historical Society; Saint Paul, MN

                
6
HOW THE POOR LIVE
INTERESTING OBSERVATIONS ARK
MADE IN NEW YORK CITY
Government Expert* Find Tlmt In
temperance Among the Lower
Classes Is Directly Trneenble to
Poorly Supplied and Unattractive
Dinner Tiiblew..
WASHINGTON, Feb. 13.— The result
of investigations into the food habits
of a number of families in the congest
ed districts of New York city in 1595
and JBf(6 have been made public by the
agricultural department in a report en
titled "Dietary Studies in New York
City." The report was prepared by
Profs. W. O. Atwater and C. D. Woods,
under whose immediate direction the
investigations were conducted, with the
co-operation of the New York Associa
tion for the Improvement cf the Condi
tion of tin- Poor. The general plan of
the Inquiry consisted in visiting a num
ber of typical families in the worst con
gested portions of the city, observing
the kinds and amounts of food which
they bought and prices which they
paid, noting whether they obtained
i- I weight and measure, and subject
ing specimens of the food materials to
analysis for the purpose of learning
their nutritive values.
The work in New York was done
mostly by Dr. Isabelle Delaney. The
Investigation consisted mainly of the
studies of dietaries of families of the
poorer classes, the majority of whom
were on the "East side," near the junc
tion of Cherry and Catherine streets.
The people in whose families the stud
ies were made represented a large num
ber of occupations. In some instances
they were slovenly and shiftless, and
took little interest in the appearance of
their homes and tables. Other fami
lies, though ignorant, were willing and
JOSEPH LEITER'S WHEAT
POSSESSES THE FOOD SI I'PI.Y OF
MILLIONS OF PEOPLE
Hl» 'Wheat in Hull. Nearly Three
Times That of the Masonic Tem
ple of Chicago He <<.nld Place
833,333,333 Convex of Bread In
Reach of tlie Hungry.
From the Chicago Times-Herald.
Joseph Leiter, who has secured con
trol of the wheat market, has in his
possession the food supply of many
millions of people. Maybe Mr. I_eiter
doesn't know it, but if he should
choose to divert his 15,000,000 bushels
of wheat to foreign channels, bread
would double, possibly quadruple, in
price in Chicago, and the 'temptation
to make short-weight loaves would be
offered every baker. Every man who
owned a bushel of wheat would be
tempted to buy corn to grind and mix
with his wheat flour, and the chances
are the consumer would be so anxious
to procure bread that he would wink
at the adulteration even If he knew of
It.
Fifteen millions of bushels of wheat!
The mere words do not convey the
Immensity or importance of Mr. Lett
er's speculative venture. Never before
has one man, or any combination of
speculators, held such an enormous
amount of the bread grain ln control.
Seventy millions of people are directly
and vitally Interested in this gigantic
venture. St would be difficult to say
what this young Napoleon of the
wheat pit would do with his pur
chases If he hadn't a nation of hungry
mouths back of him. He and his de
scendants for twenty generations
couldn't consume It. There are not
mills enough in Chicago to grind the
grain into flour in ten years, nor bak
ers who could mix, mold and bake it
Into crisp loaves in another ten years.
Fifteen millions of bushels of wheat!
A bulk nearly three times that of the
Masonic Temple — the highest and larg
est building of Its class in the world.
In that gigantic pile, towering twen
ty-four stories and covering one
fcurth of a block of the most valuable
real estate in Chicago, there are 5,762,
--249 cubic feet of space — so say the
architects. But Mr. Leiter's little pile
of wheat would dwarf that structure If
placed beside it, reaching almost three
times higher, with the same ground
dimensions, occupying 18,600,000 cubic
feet.
The highest authority says there are
7,000 grains of wheat to the pound.
Therefore, as Mr. Leiter owns 1 „000,000
bushels, each weighing sixty pounds,
the total weight of his possessions
would require a counter-balance of
900.000.0C0 pounds— a total that would
keep a family of five persons counting
steadily for two years at the rate of
200 per minute^ without Intermission to
check off the' weight, and the total
number of grains of wheat in this
huge purchase is only 63, 00u, 000,000,000.
This sum is sufficiently large to perplex
even astronomers, who measure dis
tances of stars by the millions of miles
— but trillions — never! The star gazer
guesses after he passes the ninth row
of ciphers In his computations.
Let us suppose that Mr. Leiter want
ed to move his wheat to some other
point, and determine approximately
how many cars he would need if he
shipped it all by rail. He holds 900,
--000,000 pounds, or 450.000 tons. The
average capacity of freight cars ls 40,
--000 pounds, or twenty tons. Therefore,
22.500 cars would ha needed to trans
port this bulk of grain. The average
length of such cars. Including the
space between for the coupling appar
atus, is thirty-six feet. This train load
of grain would be 810.000 feet, or 153%
miles long. That is to say, if Mr. I_eit
er chooses to ship all his grain in one
train, he will have a string of cars
reaching almost from Chicago to the
Mississippi river at Quincy, 111.
If It Were Baked in Bread.
But if Mr. Leiter doesn't want to ship his
property, but chooses to grind It up and put
It on tho market he can sit down with pencil
and paper and figure that as four and one
half bushels of wheat will make a 200-pound
barrel of flour, he can place 333,333,333 loaves
of bread within the reach of the hungry. At 5
cents per loaf Mr. Leiter could obtain $16,666,
--666.65 for his property. As his brokers have
claimed that he purchased his wheat at an
average of 70 cents per busheC his profits as a
baker would be a hundred thousand or so over
$6, 000, 000.
Just suppose that Mr. Leiter were philan
thropic and that he would be willing to feed
the hungry with his hoard. Vital statistics
Judge Henry H. Goldsborough. Baltimore,
Md., says: "It gives me pleasure to recom
mend Salvation Oil to any one suffering from
rheumatic or other pains."
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Works, £79-281 Williams Street (near Jills
•Usippi Street., St. Paul, Jliuu.
anxious to learn hew they might im
prove their habits of living. The main
results of each study are given, with
a brief discussion of the chief features.
Following this are some valuable sug
gestions regarding the improvement of
the food habits of city poor. It Is im
possible, the report says, to lay down
any hard and fast rules which shall
govern the purchase of food by a fam
ily, as these must be to a very great
extent determined by the different local
conditions.
In many of the families there was
no attempt made to spread an attrac
tive table. One of the most common
observations among those who are fa
miliar with the habits of the poorer
classes of wage workers, the report
continues, Is to the effect that a not
inconsiderable amount of the prev
alence of intemperance can be traced
to poor food and unattractive home
tables. Throughout all these dietaries
there was shown very little comprehen
sion of the actual nutritive value of the
food purchased, the selection apparent
ly being made according to some whim
or taste, the presence of the certain j
food materials in the market, or be
cause the housekeeper had become ac- |
customed to purchasing certain kinds of j
food. The larger number of families
spent more than they really could af
ford for food, and yet frequently re
ceived Insufficient nourishment. The
question how these people could have
received more nourishment for the
money expended is answered only in
the most general terms. It is sug
gested that one of the best and surest
ways to improve the condition of the
poor is to give them practical instruc
tions and object lessons in the prepara
tion of attractive, yet simple and cheap
foods. The subjects upon which the
women should be instructed include les
sons upon the most nutritious food ma
terials and those best adapted in point
of cost and ease of preparation to the
needs and circumstances of the family,
and instruction such as shall enable the
housekeeper to prepare simple, whole
some and palatable dishes from such
food.
say that one and one-half pounds of wheat
bread is the bare existence dirt With his
millions of loaves Mr. Leiter could give three
meals each for one day to nearly 400.000,000
of hungry folk, nnd still keep something for
himself. The 200,000 persons who starved to
death in India last year could have been kept
alive for weeks by the judicious distribution
of bread made from this big accumulation that
represents Mr. Leiter's speculation. If Cuba
had had this wheat, 500,000 persons eculd have
been sustained for more than six months, and
President MeKinley would not. perhaps, have
asked a popular subscription to relieve suffer
ing in that war-distressed Isle. Mr. Leiter's
hoard would have kept alive these victims of
Spanish barbarity for more than three weeks
If given three meals each per day.
Every 100 pounds of this great store of
wheat, when ground, would provide forty-two
pounds of the finest grade flour, eighteen
pounds second-grade, nine pounds biscuit flour
and the tailings, middlings, bran and other
remnants, save five pounds allowed for loss
by evaporation, is turned to account.
Mainstay of the Ration.
It m.y be that Mr. Leiter is not aware of
the fact but he has in his control the food
mainstay of the nation. Tlie nutritive value
of good wheat bread is not fully recognized
by most persons who are fond of the "heel"
of a crisp loaf. Mr. Leiter's pile of wheat
contains more of the brain, muscle and bone
forming food than a dozen trainloads of
equal length bearing beer, pork, eggs, milk
butter, potatoes, cabbage and fruit. Three
fourths of Mr. Leittr"s wheat is starch and
sugar and almost one-fifth is albumen— a
quantity equal to the albumen In beef or
eggs. Without knowing it, the youthful
speculator has cornered the brain and mus
cle food of the world. People who are in a
position to know say that wheat is worth
more than money in some places. If Mr
Leiter wants to be g.neraous he could give
his waiter tips in orders on his warehouse
man for a bushel; could carry some of th^
grain loose in his pocket to hand out to street
beggars: could carry a small bag to dro-> in
the contribution box on Sunday— and be
more generous th -n in distributing the ca?h.
But Mr. Leiter doesn't seem to be weary
or his lead, ncr decs he show any present in- I
tention of distributing his accumulated grain !
ln charity. He's not worrying about tbe cars !
to ship his property, neither is he soeculat-
Ing on how many biscuits his wheat would
make if _round into flour. His wheat is
stored in elevators and boats and practically
off his hands. Therefore Mr. Leiter is not
interested in information which shows what
might be done with his own particular Klon
dike.
CHARMED THE SAVAGE EYE.
Utility Garment of an Early White
Woman Settler Tickled the
Itedi.l_in'_ Admiration.
From the Kansas City Journal.
"It was interesting to notice the way
In which the Indians looked upon early
settlers around here," said the old
timer as he lapsed into a reminiscent
mood. "Each white family as it ar
rived and set about the task of mak
ing a home in the great American
desert was scrutinized and passed
upon, favorably or otherwise, by these
'original inhabitants' very much as a
newcomer nowadays is talked about
and estimated by the good people of
any little town in which he makes his
appearance. To be sure, the Indians'
standards were a little bit peculiar, but
they applied them in much the same
spirit of egotism that we do our own.
"For example, when we started West
my mother, who was pre-eminently a
sensible woman, who did and who re
frained from doing things only on good
and sufficient reason, soon saw that
the long full skirts in vogue at the time
had little to recommend them from an
emigrant's point of view and adopted
a garment consisting of a medium
short skirt and substantial pantalettes,
which she found quite suitable, and
persisted In wearing through several
subsequent changes of fashion.
"Now, a few days after my father
had completed the cabin which was
our first home ln Kansas, a band of
Indians from a neighboring camp call
ed on us for purposes of inspection, as
I have already said* was their custom
and. incidentally, to trade for— or bet
ter, beg— any article among our be
longings which might strike th^ir
fancy. My mother was, as usual
dressed in her 'utility' garment, and
this soon caught the eyes of the In
dians, who immediately, amid a great
jabbering of admiration, nominated
her the 'white squaw,' and from that
time on showed our household many
marks of esteem— a preferment which
had its drawbacks."
HOW TO ENJOY A SMOKE.
Boith it in-lit and Wrong Ways of
Handling a Good Cigar.
From the Washington Star.
"Personal observation has taught me **
said a Cuban cigar dealer to a Star report
er, that not one person ln a hunderd know,
how to smoke a cigar to enjoy it thorough
ly. For instance, most men, after buying
their cigars, stick them between their teeth
and gnaw the ends off recklessly, thereby
tearing and loosening the wrapper Then
they light their cigars and puff away as If
their very lives depended upon finishing
them in a hurry. Thus treated, the finest
cigar will burn irregularly, and the smokers
will nine times out of ten, lay the blame
on the cigar. The cigar may be to blame but
In most cases the fault lies In the way it has
been handled.
"After a cigar has been bought the end
should be cut smoothly off by a clipper or
sharp knife. The reverse end should then
be placed in the mouth and the cigar blown
through. This removes all the little particles
of dust which cannot be avoided in the
manufacture, and prevents them from beine
inhaled Into the throat, and from producinl
coughing. The cigar should then be li-ht
ed, and particular attention should be paid
to its being thoroughly ignited all over
the surface of the end. Then instead of puff
ing away like a steam engine the smoker will
find th.-.t three or four puffs every minute
mako the best way to enjoy the cigar The
smoke should be kept in tlie mouth a short
time in order to appreciate the flavor of
the tobacco. Then it should be emitted
slowly.
"In case one side of the cigar should burn
and leave a ragged edge on the other side it
is not necessary to relight it, as I often see
many people do. A gentle blow through the
cigar toward the lighted end will ignite the
ragged side, and it will burn regularly
Smoking this way is a pleasure. It frets me
to see a man smoking a cigar who does not
know how to enjoy it. and I often feel like
giving him a few words of advice, and
would do so were it not for the fear of of
fending hinic
THE ST. PAUI. GLOBE MOiNDAY FEBRUARY 14, 1898.
JAPS AEE EEVENGEFUL
CONTINUED TROUBLE FOR BI'RO
PEANS IN THE ORIENT
Passengers of the Hakata Mart-
Have a Desperate Encounter With
Drlnk-Haddended Natives Mis
sionary Protests Against the Par
tition of China.
SAN FRANCISCO, Cal., Feb 13.— The
Oriental and Occidental Steamship
company's steamer Gaelic arrived to
day from Hong Kong, Yokohama and
Honolulu bringing the following Ori
ental advices:
The Hong Kong Telegraph says that
continual trouble ls being reported from
vessels manned by Japanese crews, the
Japanese resenting any Instructions or
surveillance from European officers and
reserving an especial grudge for Eu
ropean passengers. Several cases have
been reported where officers were
marked for attack by the Japanese
and warned to withdraw from the ser
vice, their retention of their positions
being invariably followed by a murder
ous attack from ambushed Japanese
enemies. A case in point is reported
from the N. Y. K. liner Hakata Maru
from Japan via Hong Kong for Eng
land. There were thirty-eight passen
gers on board the liner, many of whom
were repeatedly attacked by the Jap
anese crew whenever they left their
own staterooms after night fall. On
New Year's day the Telegraph says all
the Japanese sailors and waiters, 'maj
drunk" and clad only in breech cloths,
made an organized attack on the Eng
lish officers and passengers of the Ha
kata Maru. The Japanese men were
armed with knives, crowbars and be
laying pins, brutally beat the chief en
gineer and his assistant and attacked
a pa.senger named Thomas Hall, in his
berth, cutting his head open with a
marlin .pike. According to the account
In the Telegraph the officers and most
of the passengers were driven to the
bridge, where unarmed forty English-
POSTOFFICE BOYCOTTS
THEY GIVE THE DEPARTMENT A
DEAL. OF TKOI'BLE
The Recent A. muuli 1 port Postmaster
I.oftin at Hogansville, Oa. A
Row Involving a Drug SUire nnd
a Poatofllee at Ambler, Pa.
limn urn of the Si 1 11 :i lion.
Washington Bureau St. Paul Globe, }
Corcoran Building. j"
Special to The St. Paul Globe.
WASHINGTON, Feb. 12.— The form
of vengeance adopted by the inhabi
tants of Hogansville, Ga., in the case
of Postmaster Loftin, who refused to
die or resign after the recent assault
upon his life, is not a new one in
postal circles. The boycott has given
the postofflce department almost as
much trouble as it has given the In
dustrial world. It has not been con
fined to the South or to negro post
masters. During the last administra
tion It flourished so vigorously in
various parts of the North that First
Assistant Postmaster General Jones
made it a subject of special treatment
in his report for 1894, and Representa
tive Henderson, of North Carolina,
prepared a bill to forbid a resort to
such means of annoying obnoxious
postmasters.
In fourth-class postoffices the com
pensation of postmasters depends
mainly on the number of stamps they
cancel on mail matter actually sent
through their postoffices. Their re
ports to the department on this point
have to be taken as truthful till
proved otherwise, as it would be im
practicable to incur the expense of
keeping them constantly under official
survellance. But the surest sign the
department receives that the boycott
has been Instituted at any office Is
the sudden interest which the local
townspeople disclose in the affairs of
the office, ln the way of sending to the
department voluntarily their observa
tions upon the number of pieces of
mail matter which have passed
through the office, thus enabling the
department to "keep tab" on the post
master's accounts.
If, after a comparison or two of this
sort, it is obvious to the department
that the postmaster has been making
excessive returns for the purpose of
swelling his Income, an Inspector is
sent to the spot. His investigation,
four times out of five, discloses the
fact that the postmaster was tempted
Into wrongdoing by a boycott declared
by his neighbors upon him. This, of
course, does not absolve the post
master or release his bondsmen from
liability; but it gives the depaitrneiiT.
a great deal of annoyance and usually
spurs It to a pretty vigorous policy
toward the patrons of that office.
One way in which the depaitment re
bukes boycotting is, after issuing due
warning, to abolish the office altogther.
Then the offending patrons are driven
to the alternative of promising good be
havior in the future on condition of
getting their office back, or of venting
their further spite upon themselves by
going a much longer distance than
usual to mail their letters — perhaps as
far as the next town. This is a resort
to which the department does not like
to be driven, if possible to avoid it, for it
has the bad effect of punishing inno
cent patrons equally with the guilty.
Hence, Mr. Jones's desire to prohibit
postoffice boycotting by law, and thus
put the whole community on Its good
behavior in the first instance.
One of the noteworthy cases which
arose under the last adrnini-traticn was
that at Manorville, Long Island. For
twenty-five years the postofflce was lo
cated at the store of G. W. Raynor, a
leading Republican. When Mr. Cleve
land became president for the first time
a Democrat was appointed to succeed
Raynor, hut by a friendly arrangement
the office was left at Raynor's store,
and Raynor was appointed assistant
postmaster. When the second Cleve
land administration came ln it found
Mr. Raynor back in his old place, to
which he had been restored during the
Harrison administration. A Democrat
was appointed again— this time one E.
W. Lane, a rival storekeeper, whose
place of business was at the other end
of the village. Raynor's friends were
much aggrieved at this appointment;
not that they necessarily objected to
a. Democrat, but Mr. Lane was charged
w_ht having, during Raynor's term,
kept a supply of postage stamps at his
store, so as to have the patrons of the
office buy of him, mail their letters on
passenger trains or at other stations,
and thus cut down the business of his
rival.
When, therefore. Lane was appointed
pcstmaster and removed the office to
his store, the friends of Raynor re
sorted to the same tactics which Lane
had practiced when the cases were re
versed. But Lane was an energetic and
outspoken man, and he lost no time in
appealing to Washington. Meanwhile,
the department had been very much ex
ercised by the treatment its new Dem
ocratic postmasters were receiving in
other parts of the country, and resolv
ed, in the absence of any prohibitory
statutes, to rebuke this town and oth
ers by showing them the futility of a
struggle with the government. An or
der was Issued directing that the rail
way mail car while passing through
' Manorville should be locked so that
matter could not be posted on It, and
by request of the department the em
ployes of the Long Island railroad re
ceived orders to accept no letters or
men kept 100 drink maddened Japan
ese at bay during' the entire night by
brandishing their walking sticks.
The Shanghi Recorder deplores any
partition of China, which, it says, will
certainly be unfavorable to missionary
work, adding that it will be a sad thing,
not only for China, but for all concern
ed.if the powers undertake such action,
predicting that partition would be the
beginning of unending strife and blood
shed. The Recorder calls upon Great
Britain to interfere and say that China
shall not be divided, but that she shall
be reformed and saved, predicting that
in such interference England would
have the support of Japan and the ac
tive acquiescence of the United States.
Trio of Hangings.
Three Chinese were hanged, simul
taneously in the Victoria jail at Hong
Kong on Jan. 12, the drop being made
to accommodate aft three, and the trio
falling together. The executed men
were members of an armed gang of
shop thieves, and- in raiding a store
killed a Chinese employe. The crim
inals were disbanded soldiers.
As soon as the ratification treaty with
France has been exchanged, the date
of the standard and conventional tar
iffs will be notified to the foreign pow
ers, and the tariffs themselves put Into
operation. The receipts from the com
ing fiscal year, commencing April 1,
are therefore estimated to be an In
crease of 6,000,000 yen.
Tlie Hochl Shimbun says that a
communication was originally made
by the Japanese government to the
foreign powers with the object of plac
ing Formosa beyond the pale of the
new treaty, but as only Great Britain
and one other power consented there
to, Japan decided to carry out the new
treaties in Formosa alone.
The celebration of the coming of age
of the crown prince Haruno-Miya,
which was postponed last year owing
to the court mourning for the late em
press dowager, will be held ln March.
Japan's foreign trade during the
month of December last was as fol
lows: Exports, 19,275,762 yen: imports,
11.170,103 yen. The exports of gold and
silver bullion amounted to 6,530,362, and
the imports to 676,182 yen.
packages for conveyance by hand to
any other point unless they came
through the local postoffice. It took
some time to bring Manorville to terms.
Another case, occurring considerably
earlier, attracted considerable atten
tion in Eastern Pennsylvania. At Am
bler, Montgomery county, Thomas Bit
ting was postmaster in 1892 and suf
fered a boycott instituted by a local
drug manufacturing firm, who wanted
to rent one of their stores to the gov
ernment. Mr. Bitting declined to move
the postofflce into the premises desig
nated by the firm, who responded by
buying their very large supplies of
stamps at the neighboring village of
Fort Washington, which had up to
that time been a fourth-c'ass office,
paying not more than $400 a year in
the most prosperous seasons, but which
was raised by this new patronage to
presidential rank, with an income of
about $1,100. The persecution suffer
ed by Postmaster Bitting might have
been relieved by his surrender, but
there were geographical reasons for his
refusal to change the location of his
office. The Reading railroad tracks run
through the town, and the larger part
of his patrons were situated on the
east side of the track, while the store
to which he was urged to remove was
on the west side. The department,
therefore, had a double reason for
standing behind him in his fight, and
he went out of office with his flag still
flying.
When the second Cleveland adminis
tration came In, a Democrat named
Stillwagon sought the indorsement of
the business men of the town for ap
pointment as postmaster, and received
a very generous support upon condi
tion that he would not remove the
postoffice to the west side of the track.
The drug concern sounded the warning
of another campaign, insisting that as
they had brought 250 or more working
people into town and spent a good deal
I of money on public or semi-public im
provements, they deserved the support
of the townspeople in their efforts to
Increase the value of their real estate
by building up the part of the town
lying west of the railroad. But Mr.
Stillwagon was faithful to his tru*t
and declined to move, and the boy
cotters succeeded in cutting his income
from $1,900 down to $1,400. It ls the
demoralizing effect of having the post
office department and the postal serv
ice — great public interests belonging to
the people of the whole United States
—dragged into all sorts of petty local
wrangles that spur the departmental
authorities and members of congress
into taking action of a rather radical
kind on the subject of the boycott. It
takes some time to key congress up
j to the point of legislating on a matter
|of this sort. Orie congress witnesses
I the introduction .of a bill and learns
what facts underlytt. another mulls
over the subject.: iand possibly a third
gets to the point of actually passing
some measure of; relief. Probably the
postal boycotting- matter has by this
time reached the third and decisive
stage, so that we: may look to see the
efforts of Representative Bingham,
called forth primarily by the Loftin
case, bear some fruit before the Fifty
fifth congress adjourns.
GUESTS MUST EAT CHICKEN.
Queer Provision of n Will Affecting
the .it- ii ii of a Road
honne.
From' the Xew York Commercial Advertiser.
"I know of many wills in which there
are some queer provisions," said a well
known lawyer in an uptown hotel the
ether evening, "but the most curious
will I ever hearel of relates to a small
roadh.ur.e I visited while out driving
last week. The house is on the Hack
ensack plank road, in New Jersey.
Stopping there for dinner, I ordered a
good meal, and when It was served a
small roast chicken was brought with
It.
" 'I did not order that,' I complain
ed.
" 'I know you did not.' replied the
waiter, 'but you will have to eat it.'
"I was surprised, but ate the chicken.
I noticed that chicken was served to
every customer who ordered dinner.
Later I asked the proprietress why it
was done.
" 'Well, you see,' she replied, 'my
father owned this place for many years.
He was inordinately fond of chicken.
When he died he put it in his will that
whoever succeeded him here must have
roast chicken for dinner every day. In
case his successor should fail to do so
for two consecutive days, he ordered
that the property go to charity. I took
the place after :4iis death, and I have
been serving chicken every day since.
" 'Several of the eHjaritable organiza
tions that woul* get the property if the
provision of the will were violated
watch me closely, i To prevent any
basis for an action at law, I make all
of my customers eat chicken. Some
of them object, tbut they give in when
I insist.' "
RUBBER GOODS FOR KLONDIKERS
Should Be of the Best Quality.
Rubber goods bearing the "Gold Seal"
trade mark are the best that can be
made, and inclufle "Snag Proof" Boots,
as well as all other Rubber goods that
are needed for Klondike outfits. These
goods are made and sold by The Good
year Rubber Co., 98-102 E. 7th St., St.
Paul, and, If your dealer does not keep
them, you can obtain them by sending
to Goodyear Rubber Co.
Easy Enough.
From the Detroit Free Press.
"Grimly, ln talking with your wife I find
that she holds the same views on all im
portant subjects as you do. How do you
manage her?"
"Always argue on the other side when I'm
talking to her."
WOMAN FIGHTS PANTHER
WIFE OF ADIRONDACK GUIDE
KILLS A "VARMINT."
She Was Attacked While Hunting
Her Rifle Having Been Knocked
Out of Her Hand, She Quickly
Stabs the Beast With Her Sheath
Knife.
Fort Henry, N. V., Special to N. Y. World.
An extraordinary story of a brave
woman's escape from an awful death
comes from Minevllle, this county. Just
before the big blizzard set ln Mrs.
Annie Saunders, the wife of an Adi
rondack mountaineer and trapper, set
out from her home, near Mount Marcy,
in search of game.
Mrs. Saunders is a woman of lithe
build, keen eye and prepossessing fea
tures. She ls perhaps thirty years old,
a woman who has no superior ln the
North w-oods as a rifle shot and a hunt
ress of great skill. The snow lay more
than two feet on the ground, and Mrs.
Saunders took w-ith her a pair of snow
shoes.
When she reached a point where all
traces of trails or pathways had been
obliterated she put on her snow shoes.
The morning was clear and cold, and a
sharp, cutting wind blew down from
old Mount Marcy. There was no sign
of snow in the air. The sky was blue
and the sun shone brightly.
Mrs. Saunders had not gone more
than half a mile up the side of the
mountain before she came across deer
tracks in. the snow. The trail led off to
the right, but Mrs. Saunders had no
idea of following the tracks, knowing
that it would have been a violation of
the law to kill a deer at this time. Rab
bits were what she wanted. For fully
an hour she shot nimbly along on her
snowshoes, until at last she saw the
familiar rabbit tracks in the snow.
She took to the trail with childish
eagerness, as she afterward explain
ed. Within fifteen minutes she sighted
a leaping rabbit and shot him. She
hastened up to the bleeding, quivering
body, fastened It to her belt and sped
on. The drops of blood that fell from
the dead rabbit wound left tiny red
stains on the snowy landscape. To
this was doubtless due Mrs. Saunders'
subsequent thrilling adventure. The
little huntress, after following the
tracks for perhaps a cjuarter of a mile,
struck off to the right, penetrating the
forest still further.
Suddenly and without warning she
saw a panther directly in her path.
With great cunning the ferocious ani
mal had been following her, and now
had taken a short cut around until it
faced her ready to leap at her throat.
The smell of the dead -rabbit dangling
at Mrs. Saunders' belt whetted the ani
mal's ferocity.
With a wild cry of fear Mrs. Saund
ers tore the rabbit from her belt and
hurled It at the panther. The animal
savagely tore the rabbit to pieces.
Meanwhile, Mrs. Saunders had turneel
and was rapidly fleeing down the
mountain side. Presently she looked
back. The panther was coming after
her in a long, easy lope.
Then she stopped, turned quickly and
shot at the panther. The bullet struck
the animal's right ear, tearing away
half of It. The panther in pain and
rage rolled over and over in the snow.
Mrs. Saunders fired again, but failed
to strike the screaming beast in a vital
spot. She turned again and g ran on
down the side of the mountain. But
the panther ran after her with all the
energy and fury at Its command. The
Intrepid woman saw the panting beast
I within a few feet of her, and the sight
so unnerved her that she came to a
standstill. The panther, unable to
check Its momentum, ran against her,
throwing her headlong into the snow.
Her rifle flew out of her hand, and she
gave herself up for lost.
By good luck her hand came in con
tact with the long, bony hilt of her
hunting knife. She struggled to her
knees, and when the panther came at
her she drove the keen blaele of the
knife far into its shoulder. Then came
a fierce struggle. When the bleeding
beast hurled itself at her with wiele
open jaws she thrust the knife into its
throat. The blood from its wounds
gushed over her face and clothes, but
she pluckily held her position. The*
panther tore her tight-fitting coat In
long strips from her arms anel bosom,
and made a great rent In her hunting
skirt. Mrs. Saunders began to realize
that If the fight were not quickly over
she would be the loser. Although the
panther was badly wounded. It was still
capable of Inflicting mortal injury.
Fortune favoreel her. anel when th*
panther unexpectedly presented its left
side she with her last strength pluntred
ln the knife. It went true to its heart.
The panther jumped convulsively and
fell dead in the bloody snow.
Mrs. Saunders fainted, anel when she
revived not long afterward she was so
weak that she coulcl scarcely make her
way back to her home near Minevllle.
The next day her husband and a fel
low trapper went as far up the moun
tain side as they dared ln the face of
the howling blizzard that had set ln.
They returned without the animal's
carcass, having been driven back by
the white tempest. Mrs. Saunders
says that she would not repeat her ex
perience for all the gold in the Klon
dike.
"I can't even think of it now without
shuddering." she said. "Fortunately "t
escaped with a few ugly scratches and
a bad scare, but it might have been
worse."
Yard W T ide Coffin.
Flushing fL. I.) Special New York Sun.
Mrs. Mary E. Howard, who was burled ln
the Flushing cemetery this afternoon, weighed
I 412 pounds. She died at. her residence, 152
Washington street, Wednesday night. She
was only 5 feet 6 Inches tall. The coffin was
_ feet 3 inches wide in the interior. It was
| impossible to take it into the parlor of the
i house, where the funeral was held. a. i it
was placed in the hall. A part of the building
had to be taken down ln order to admit it.
Mrs. Howard was 50 years old.
Soo Line Klondyke Bulletin.
Have you seen the Klondyke Bulletin Nos.
10 and 11? They are very interesting. To
have your name placed on the mailing list
send six cents in stamps to W. R. Callaway,
General Passenger Agent, Minneapolis, Minn.
Nature makes the cures
after all.
Now and then she gets
into a tight place and needs
helping out.
Things get started in the
wrong direction.
Something is needed to
check disease and start the
system in the right direction
toward health.
Scott's Emulsion of Cod
liver Oil with hypophos
phites can do just this.
It strengthens the nerves,
feeds famished tissues, and
makes rich blood.
50.. arid $i.oo ; all druggists.
SCOTT & BOWNE, Chemists, New York.
CASTORIA
fastoria is Dr. Samuel Pitcher's prescription for Infants
and Children. It contains neither Opium, Morphine not'
other Xarcotic substance. It is a harmless substitute
for Paregoric, Drops, Soothing Syrups and Castor Oil.
It is Pleasant. Its guarantee is thirty years' use by
Millions of Mothers. Castoria is the Children's Panacea
—the Mother's Friend.
THE FAC-SIMILE SIGNATURE CF
_.Jl* l LJL.r ,
APPEARS ON EVERY WRAPPER.
THE CIHT«UB COMPANY TT MURMV GT R.ET. NEW YORK CITY
OJIBWAY JOE IS DEAD
NOTED CHIPPEWA INDIAN DIES
NEAR SUPERIOR
Pained it.-.-nu. <■ of Deadly Work in
the War of the Rebellion Sav
age Credited With Having; Slain
113 I nlon Soldiers Guerilla
Chief Whone Hand Plundered.
From the Chicago Chronicle.
SUPERIOR, Wis., Feb. 11.—Chippe
wa Indian Joe Ski, chief of a Chippe
wa band and a veteran of the late war
between the states, has passed Into
the "happy hunting- ground." He died
suddenly Tuesday, Feb. 1, ln his lonely
cabin on the south shore of Lake Su
perior, attended only by his daughter,
who walked ten miles through the
woods to make arrangements for his
burial. At the time of his death Joe
Ski was about sixty years of age. He
had lived in the rudely constructed
cabin by the "big water" alone for
many years, until a year ago, when
his daughter, Mrs. Louis Cbappelle,
buried her husband and went to live
with her father. Years ago Joe was
one of the best known characters at
the head of the lake, but when h e
adopted a life of seclusion out in the
woods, deriving an existence from the
waters of the "great unsalted," he was
soon forgotten by old acquaintances,
many of whom believed him dead.
There are probably thousands of peo
ple in the country who will be Inter
ested In the announcement of Joe Ski's
death. They will recall to their minds
the valiant dusky private who fought
fearlessly for the cause of the South
in its desperate struggle against the
Union. Joe Ski's name has found a
secluded corner in the history of the
Civil war. He has been spoken of by
war historians as an example of "a
rebel for master, not for cause."
It has been said that "Ojibway Joe,"
as he was called during the war, kill
ed off more Northern men than any
other soldier in the Southern army. He
fought against the Union for three
years without the slightest idea of
what his side had for a grievance,
and is said to have killed 113 Union
soldiers while in the sharpshooting
service, the record having been kept
by means of scratches made with a
knife on the stock of his gun. Joe be
came a soldier in the Southern army
througl. the instrumentality of no less
a personage than the distinguished
John C. Breckinridge, of Kentucky.
Goes Down to I^klc.
When the war broke out Joe Ski was
a young buck, about twenty-five year.;
of age, belonging to a little band of
Chippewas engaged in the fishing and
trapping business, with headquarters
at Superior. John C. Breckinridge was
the owner of considerable land situat
ed in and about the town site and Joe
Ski was employed by him to clear a
portion of this land of trees, stump,
and underbrush. Ski did his work
well and when Mr. Breckinridge came
to Superior some months later with i
party of speculators he was so im
pressed with the general conduct and
appearance of the young Indian that
a deal was entered into whereby young
Joe became the body servant of the
distinguished man and they journey* d
together back to Kentucky.
He remained ln the service of Mr.
Breckinridge but three weeks, having
fallen out with his employer over some
trivial matter. He immediately enti r
ed the employ of another Kentucky
man in the capacity of hostler. In the
fall of 1861. when both sides were pre
paring for the campaign in Kentucky,
Joe Ski's employer enlisted as a priv
ate in the Southern army and tho In
dian promptly followed his example.
Ojibway Joe marched in the ranks- of
Gen. Buckner, displaying his knowl
edge of Indian warfare whenever an
opportunity was afforded, but the
white man's style of fighting was too
slow for his savage nature.
The rigid discipline of army life and
the companionship of tho white sold
iers, with whom he vrtta unable to con
verse, became monotonous to Joe and
he decided to leave the ranks and go \
on the war path for himself. He left !
the camp one night and did not re- I
turn. That was the last the Southern
army ever saw of Ojibway Joe, but
they heard from him quite frequently
until the war was over. He had de
serted the ranks, but not the cause.
Joe Joined a small band of guerrillas
one of the marauding bands of irregu
lars that terrorized Kentucky citizens
at that time. He fought with this band
until it was reduced by the bullets of
Unionists from 100 to seventeen men
Shoots His Captain.
Then he joined a hand of Irregular sharp
shooters and^for a few months drifted about
from place to plac. , skirmishing oeea. lanaliv
with Union guerillas and living off the fat of
the- land. One day Joe had a quarrel with the
captain of this band over a matter of disci
pline. The captain ordered him shot an
rangements were being made for this little
entertainment, including ths dinging of a \
grave into which he was to fall" when the j
Indian suddenly carried out a little programme ''
of his own which spoiled all the plan, of the
captain. While the men were gathered at th ir i
mess Ojibway Joe knocked his guard s
with one blow, grabbed a cun. slut th
tain and one or two oth rs a d was < ff th •< ugh
the woods like a deer before the guerill
fairly recovered from their surprise.
He was next heard of oo the warpath as
captain, or chief as he called himself of the I
Indian guerillas. This bend has been briefly j
referred to by war historians as "the ban*
of Ojibway Joe," and it is remembered by
Kcntuckians as one of the most dangerous
fighting organizations that existed during the
What is
late war. For over a year and a half Jo. led
his men around the war-ridden state ot Ken
tucky, scattering death and destruction
their paths. Sometimes they would follow
tlie rear of a marching Federal army, tiring
into the guards, then quickly making th
capo to the thickets. Wry frequently they
went on expeditions to the haunts of con
tending bands of guerillas, forcing engag -
ments and usually coming out victorious
through the superior leadership of their dusky
captain.
Fought Indian Sl>l«-.
When attacking bands of superior numbers
they fought in true Indian fashion— from am
bush—frequently killing an entire band of
guerillas without sustaining the loss of a
single man themselves. Joe's band originally
consisted of thirty men, including himself,
but at the close of the war it had bo.n re
duced by death and desertions to fifteen men.
For a long time it was generally su
that Ojibway's followers were all Indians
like himself. There are probably many peo
ple living who will be surprised to learn at
this late day that this was not the case.
Ills twenty-nine followers were all white
men— natives of Kentucky— without occupa
tions, who took sides with the North early
in the fray and preferred the freedom if
guerilla warfare to the life of a regular
\Vhother It was to gratify the wish of their
leader or to give themselves a more savage
nppearance has never been learned, but it is
known that tho twenty-nine members of tii_
band painted their faces, decked their heads
with feathers and otherwise disguised them
selves to look as much like Indians as pos
sible.
At the close of the war Ojibwav Joe r<
to his people at tho head of Lake Superior
and engased in the fishing and trappii .
ness. He married some time later aud
about the same time was chosen chief of the
Lake Superior Chippewas to succeed thi
chief Menltowa, veteran of the Sioux war.
SEWING MACHINES AT $10.
The Trick Two Sharpers Played <kb
the Guilele*a siout and Chi
cago White Men.
Rushville. Neb., Special to New Y,, r k Sun,
Two months ago two young men
giving the names of " p a ul
and John I>. Joins, of < ').
came here as agents for a
known sewing machine company. Th v
were apparently selling a high-)
machine for $10. They declared that
this was an exclusive offer m
the Sioux Indians and would n< t apply
to the whites. They explained that the
scheme was promoted by a religious
society in the East, which was paying
the difference between the manufac
turers' cost and the price demanded .-f
the Indians for the machine
One hundred and sixty-five .
machines were sold by the enterprising
swindlers. For each machine $10 was
collected. Now a collector of the com
pany has arrived to investigate :h_ sit
uation. He has 160 leases for as many
machines, on each of which $1
been credited as first payment. Fifty
dollars is still due on each.
The swindle was a very smooth one
In each Instance the Indian purchasers
were required to sign a "testimonial"
In order that the religious society might
have evidence that the machines had
i" • n placi d according to tin
men's statement. Tins- testimonials
now prove to be the leases which the
investigating agent is looking up. They
are the regular leases that go with all
machines throughout the country
where they are purchased on time. No
title Is vested in the holder of the ma
chine under this form of l< a
The Indians who . cured machine^
under the deal merely rented them
signing a contract with the con
by which they were to secure full title
| whenever the money paid in rent, fi „n
; month to month, equaled the full sell
ing price of the machine. Now the
agent has th ■ worst contract of ins lift.
trying to explain the situation ai
<-vie the return of the machines. I'ri
der the company's rules the ii
: collected on the sale of a "time" ma
: chine always goes to the selling agent,
1 so the headquarters agent shipped the
whole carload of machines, the young
swindlers delivered them, collected
their $10 on each machine, and Immedi-
I ately disappeared.
Klondyke Bulletin No. 12
\ Will be a corker. It will be Issued the 2.st.
; Have your name placed on the mailing list
; by sending six cents in stamps to W R.
Callaway. Q. P. A. of the Soo Line, Minna.
i apolis, Minn.
=r_a
! AMUSEMENTS.^
TONIGHT, XS ATI 50c
MISS PHILADELPIiIA
Not a bit slow. Evening prices, 25-30-75 «i.
Thursday, Feb. 17.
Bale of sests opens this morning for
SCALCHI ! *
The Greatest Contralto In th. World, in
Grand Italian Opera— Third Act Faint.
Preceded by a Miscellaneous concert
MME. BBHNICE PASQL'AI.I—
Prima Donna Soprano
SIGNOR M. PASQUALI Tenor
MLLE. 1)1 BKI.A. Mezzo-Coloratura
SIG ACHILLE ALBERT. Baritone
SKi. GNAiiUO Musical Director
Feb. 18 & 19— .3 at. Saturday. 2_c. SOc.
TIBS IfsEJlßii^HYj
Of "A Texas Steer ' fame. In a grand double
bill at each perl
CLD lttNd2__r.i.__ and
S_R i_ENS_Y HYPNOTIZED.
25c, 50©— SATURDAY MATINEE .
a popular aac i
OVATION. <W_H_CJ_ «_S>
fSBg^wAT. GOHBETT
AM. (ML S?^? a . ay THE MVEHTUaER
, Next week, "Under the Polar si . .