The Saint Paul globe., June 08, 1902, Page 18, Image 18

About The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905

Image provided by: Minnesota Historical Society; Saint Paul, MN

                
• 18
EDITORIALS
&o the J^ilipinos fiesire American Rule?
IT is wrong, and in the judgment of most wise men
it is impossible, to settle a question by mere force.
To annihilate or terrorize those who oppose one's
policy and then declare that the question at issue
is settled is as cruel and foolish as it would be to
pierce every human heart of love and then declare that
love is a myth. Furthermore, it is unwise to attempt to
settle i question by assuming that the facts are what we
should like them to be. We ought to face the facts
as they are, for our likes and dislikes bear no relation
to truth and cannot alter a fact. It has been said
that a question is never settled until it is settled right
—a truism which most persons will admit and which ap
plies with peculiar force to the Philippines.
It is doubtful whether a people in the whole world,
possessing even a moderate degree of intelligence, would
willingly submit to be governed by a foreign nation.
That is a fact which seems difficult or impossible for
the Anglo-Saxon to realize. Yet the Anglo-Saxon knows
that even the average man, the artisan and the la
borer, prefers to reign in his humble cottage, with the
Independence which it gives, rather than to serve in a
palace. In the latter he might fare sumptuously and
be surrounded by that which delights both mind and
hut he prefers the simple fare and undecorated
walls of his own home, knowing that freedom and in-
Nationalization of American Railways.
TO develop the resources, now dormant, of agri
culture, of the metalliferous and carbonifer
ous mines, of the oil lands, of the forests; to
cause the arid territories of the western half
of the country to attain their full productive
values; to manufacture out of our abundant raw mate
rials the commodities required in the commerce of tha
world; to obtain control of foreign markets; It fs neces
sary to have recourse to the enactment of one great
measure—the nationalization of the railways.
That the framing of so great a law will require
Statesmanship of the highest order, is admitted. That
ruetive legislation more comprehensive than has
ever been effected will have to be placed upon the
statute book, is granted. That this legislation will be
difficult to achieve, that it may be tentative at its in
ception, liable afterwards to revision, as requirements
may arise, is readily allowed. But the time has come
for it. and the obstacles will vanish as its scope and
shall become apparent.
The railway system of the country has lately passed
Into the possession of a small number of people. As
Reformatory for is)omen a Crying Need.
■y N bringing the question of the r.e^d of a reforma
tory for women before the public, I am continually
met by the statement that there are so few of this
JL delinquent class that the places already provided
are sufficient for their needs, and that I am over
estimating dangers. ]f you would know the real condi
tion of this city, walk up and down Seventh street as
I have done on Saturday evenings in summer and you
will feel that a modern Sodom is indeed in our midst.
can hardly walk one block without meeting men
women conducting themselves improperly, men so
that they are fairly tottering on the brink of
the gray-e, and boys and girls so young that you won
it is possible that they could/ under any circum
stances so early have become acquainted with evil. Boys
tempted of girls, who in turn use every art of which
Tin y are capable to lead astray the young men of our
city.
To me the most alarming sight is that of young
Volcanic Products that Kill.
THE great tragedy at Martinique and St. Vin
cent will furnish to the world of science some
of the most remarkable data concerning vol
canic eruptions ever obtained, and arrange-
ments are already being made by different
1 iMc societies to send representatives to the islands
to make thorough investigations. The fact that the
most delicate seismographs failed to record earth vibra
tions indicate that Mont Pelee "blew its head off,"
and that it belongs to the class of explosive eruptions
in which Vesuvius and Krakatoa are classed, and not to
such volcanoes as Manna Loa and i^ilauea in Hawaii,
■which merely boiled up and flowed over. Prof. John
Milne's seismic instruments, the most delicate and per
fect of their kind in the world, recorded no earth dis
turbances, and had there been any earthquake shocks of
insurance Companies i*& getter Construction.
A GREAT deal of discussion and criticism has
been raised throughout the country of late
because of the recent action of fire insurance
companies in raising rates on property in
business sections of cities. The real facts
being unknown, a large part of this discussion and criti
cism has been futile and) beside the mark. The public
has been only too ready to ascribe the unworthiest mo
tives to the companies in this movement, the trust idea
being so firmly intrenched in their minds as to scare
them into hysterics on the least occasion. An insurance
trust seemed to be but following in the steps of other
large corporations which have arbitrarily raised prices,
hence the ready conclusion that another octopus was
being launched to mulct the helpless public.
The facts appear to be that fire insurance companies
have been doing business at great loss in the business
Practical Roadhuilding With Means at
ASSUMING that the road-bed is properly con
structed of natural earth being from 36 to
40 feet from gutter to gutter, with a gradual
elevation from the center of from one and
one-half to two feet, and that this road-bed
is straight and permanently located and has ample drain
age to carry off all surplus water, in all seasons of the
year, then to construct a permanent, smooth, durable
road we would proceed as follows: Take a heavy six
teen-inch breaking plow and attach from four to six
horses to it and turn the wheel track of the road to
the center; next take the ordinary three-inch tire wag
on with dump boards and fill with the best material
Obtainable, and drive in these furrows, lifting dump
boards and allowing material to drop right into furrow
made by plow. If the material at hand is good, a
dependence are worth more than luxury or even bodily
comfort, and feeling conscious of a something within
his soul without which men cease to be men.
What is thus true of the Individual is true of an
aggregation of individuals; it is true of mankind gen
erally, and is therefore true of the Filipinos.
The Filipinos do not differ from the Americans. They
have at least a right to the same sentiment, and they
are just as ready to refuse to submit to the loss of that
which, to them, is dearer than anything America can
provide. They hold that the man who tries to force
upon his neighbor that which he himself would utterly
spurn degrades himself more than his victim; and as
long as the attempt is made to practice such a process
upon the Filipinos they will remain unconvinced of
America's good intentions. There may be a few who,
under pressure, will outwardly submit to that which
they inwardly despise; but when America benevolently
declares, "I am going to cut your right arm off, but be
assured I shall bind the wound with suitable lint and
bandages," an overwhelming majority cf the Filipinos
will doubt not only the wisdom of the operation but
the sincerity of the operator, especially when they %se
that America still possesses both of her own arms!
It is conceivable that a benevolent burglar might
intend to invest the proceeds of his craft for the benefit
consolidation progresses, it is unavoidable that a degree
of mutual understanding between the holders of there
properties must be established. Not designedly, but
by reason of the inherent conditions of the business,
these combinations of capital must progress in ever
increasing proportion, until it may become a question
whether the real power of the nation is lodged in the
government created by the constitution, or within the
keeping of an irresponsible coalition of accumulated
wealth. For the dignity of the government, it will be
requisite to substitute for the crude and archaic legis
lation now in force, a comprehensive statute which will
guard and promote the welfare of the whole people.
The principal arguments against the nationalization
of the railroads are:
(1) The cost of the scheme.
(2) The great accumulation of wealth into few hands
consequent upon the purchase of the lines by the gov
ernment.
(3) The effect upon the electorate, by the creation of
a large officeholding class dependent on the party in
power.
As to the cost of the scheme, it is not proposed that
the government shall pay more than is warranted by
the intrinsic value of the property. In the appraisement
girls of ten -and twelve in company with girls of eighteen
to twenty, delighted at seeing the freedom of their
older associates, and the way in which they flaunt the
police, who are helpless against their misdeeds. If the
older ones are arrested there is no way of adequately
restraining them. Sending them to the workhouse for
thirty or ninety dlays only hardens without reforming
them, and fines count but little in their life. So there
is practically nothing to be done except to let them go
freely about their way, unless they become so noisy
or offensive that an arrest is imperative. Yet even of
of these arrests in St. Paul there are sufficient to
strike dismay into the heart of any one interested in
the city and its welfare..
I have no official report of the arrests for the past
year, but I have that of 1900, which will give a good
idea of the condition at the present time. In that
year there were 315 arrested for disorderly conduct and
fined in the municipal court; 29 arrested for disorderly
conduct and discharged; 14 arrested for disorderly con-
the slighest nature the seismographs all over the world
would havo been affected thereby and the vibrations re
corded. The construction of these instruments has en
abled seismologists in recent years to obtain data of
earthquake vibrations which have greatly simplified the
study of the subject.
But there is no instrument yet invented which will
indicate the explosive eruption of the other class of
volcanoes, nor measure the exact power and energy ex
erted thereby; but after the subsidence of the eruptions
it is possible to make deductions from a study of the
lava and its composition which will point to certain
definite conclusions regarding the explosive force of
such titanic disturbances. The actual products which
such a volcano vomits up will furnish material for sci-
sections of our larger cities for years and but for th«
premiums collected in residence districts there would
have been a much larger deficit than already exists.
Owners have teen constructing cheap, unsafe buildings
and expecting the insurance companies to help them
along in their shortsighted, suicidal policy, which has
caused their improvements to be a standing menace to
all abutting property.
Insurance companies are not in business for charita
ble motives and cannot be operated as commercial prop
ositions, if at a loss. The man who constructs a build
ing of inflammable material and then complains of the
insurance companies for charging him a high premium
for taking a risk, which he himself does net dare to car
ry, is not only inconsistent, but his judgment is badly
warped because of his selfish Interest and he is hardly
competent to pass judgment in such a case. He forgets
that as a man sows, he shall surely reap.
most durable nmd can be constructed at small cost.
It will require about 500 yards of material to the mile
to make a road of this description. Anything that is
sufficiently hard, such as broken brick, crushed ston«
of any kind, coarse gravel, mixed with clay, may t«
used to construct this road. The cost of such a road
is about $100 per mile, provided that suitable material
is at hand for filling the furrows. Material can be
hauled for some little distance at 20 cents per yard.
The advantage of building a road of this character
is, first, its cheapness; second, the hauling of one load
on top of another solidifies it without the aid of a roller,
plowing the earth to center gives ample material for
covering brick, stone, or whatever is used for filling.
Plowing a ridge through the center makes it absolutely
necessary to follow the line as marked «ut while new.
THE ST. PAUL, GLOBE : SUNDAY, JUI^ 8, 1902.
of the owner; but the latter might reasonably object. If
for no other reason, on the ground that such good inten
tions were without precedent. Similarly, the Filipino
might ransack history without discovering that any
country had yet (been subjugated! for the benefit of tha
native owners. The unarmed householder, who has
been rash enoug-h to remonstrate with the armed bur
glar intent on midnight benevolent assimilation, has
usually found the way to freedom from all worldly cares
through a jagged hole in his brain. So, too, the Fili
pino knows that national freedom has always paid
for at the terrible cost of blood and tears. They know
also—and many years ago they gave expression to their
knowledge— that theirs would be no exception to the un
varied rule. Yet they determined to pay the price.
And it is the most tragic irony of fate that the nation
•that has itself paid the penalty and obtained the prize,
should be the one to exact this terrible penalty from the
Filipino.
Bring hither the scales of Justice:
On the one side is the dead weight of a people's
birthright, as well as the sufferings they have endured,
and are prepared to endure in its defense. On the
other, there are considerations of national pride and
prestige, and "world power," and "destiny," and
"legal titles," and "academic questions" as to whether,
of public property, the government has always been
served quite as well as individuals. The transfer
would, of course, have to be effected under proper safe
guards, very much after the manner In which European
governments have proceeded. The making of an invest
ment of this magnitude woul4 not frighten the American
people in the prevailing state of financial enterprises,
more especially since the effect would be felt to be bene
ficial almost at once after its consummation. Abso
lutely equal and open rates would control the Industrial
combinations, multiply the means of exchange, stimu
late agriculture equally with manufactures, and enhance
the growth of rural and civic communities in a uni
form and progressive measure. The country would, ty
the development of its natural resources, which should
be made the principal task of the department having
charge of the transportation system, become the work
shop of the nations; and a general prosperity must en
sue of which it is difficult to form a conc^tion.
As to the accumulation of wealth in a few large
holdings, the present system, has a tendency to bring
about this result by the increment in the value of pro
prietary railway investments. Stocks which were con
sidered of little value a few years ago have become
worth many times the prices demanded for them durirg
duct and committed to the workhouse; 24 arrested for
larceny and discharged; 3 arrested for larceny and sent
to the workhouse; 1 arrested for larceny and fined in
the municipal court; 23 arrested for being drunk and
committed to the workhouse; 18 arrested for being drunk
and fined in the municipal court; 3» arrested for being
drunk and discharged; 6 arrested for incorrigibility and
discharged; 4 arrested for incorrigibility and sent to
Red Wing; a total of 415 arrests.
While it is true that the three large cities of the
state are rather the cesspools for the depraved and
vicious, the fact that there is so much degradation .n
this city, which is, -not the largest, is appalling, and un
less the people, and particularly the women of this
state, do not rise up and say such things shall not be, I
do not see anything before us but a still deeper sinking
into the mire of cur disgrace.
Ottr part must be that of educators, and we can
only be that by understanding what lies before us,
and the more deeply we go into the question the more
entific dedutcions that will projve of the greatest value.
There is, for instance, the well known fact that the
greatest quantity of material thrown up by such erup
tions is steam and water. This steam rises to an enor
mous height and produces dense clouds of heavy vapor,
which soon condenses and falls in heavy rains. Jets
of steam force themselves from the crater and fissures
in the rocks with a roaring noise like that from a loco
motive. ..The amount of water carried up by this steam
is sometimes sufficient to fcause enormous floods. In the
eruption of Mount Etna it-was festimated that over 2,000,
--000 cubic meters of water were ejected from the crater.
Moreover, clouds of""steam rise from the streams of
lava running down the mountain side, and they so ob
scure the view that people never realize the approach
of danger until it is well upon them. The cloud of
steam looks more like a heavy rain cloud hanging over
It has been estimated by competent authorities that
the net loss in the underwriting business in vie United
States for eleven years, IS9O to 1901, was nearly $27,0.0,C00,
and for 1901 it is estimated at $19,000,000. In Philadelphia
alone it is stated that the net losses in the congested
business district for seven years was five times as
large as the total net losses, because the premiums as
a whole, reduced the loss in that city taken as a whole.
The causes which have helped produce such disas
trous results are due to shortsightedness on the part
of bath owner and insurance companies. The latter
have simply brought a deserved penalty down upon
themselves,' because they have not favore-d nor en
couraged imperishaible forms of construction, but in
order to get business have encouraged the opposite, bas
ing their judgment on buildings of less area than are
common today. ExperienceNjiafi proven them at fault
in judgment. They encoujragedL combustible internal
construction by making such rates to owners, as to lead
In this form of road we have the least possible ma
terial used to the test possible advantage, the weight
coming directly upon the material used, practically the
same plan as that used in constructing a railroad and
putting the road material 'in th|s box-like shape makes
it impossible for the material to shelve off and gradual
ly work into the gutter, as is' the case when the ma
terial is put on surface of road. This form of Toad
has also other decided advantages in that where a
farmer does not care to keep his horses shod, he can
allow one horse to travel in the center and the other
outside, thus straddling the wheel track, and in some
parts of the state the average farm horse is not shod
for many months at a time.
The next best and cheapest method is to plow and
shov-el out a strip of road about seven feet wide, to tae
depth of about one foot, filling this space in on the levej
with the best material at hand. This road can be com-
having taken a thing, it Is impossible to restore it to
the owner. There Is also the supposed moral paralysis
rendering it impossible for a great and powerful nation
to get out of a thing having once got Into It, or to
"haul down" a flag that may or may not have been
hoisted by righteous hands. There are also "gocrt
intentfons," and "beneficent purposes," and a genuine
desire to do what is best for the Filipinos, "consistent
with oar own Interests and our foreign obligations," as
well as a genuine desire to prevent foreign nations
from doing that which America is endeavoring to lio!
Every one of these considerations could have teen,
and some of them were, put forth with equal force by
George 111. I do not believe they will over tilt the
beam of the scales of justice. It may te possible—though
personally I doubt it—by sheer force of overwhelming
numbers and superior equipment, ultimately to compel
the Filipinos into a sullen submission to foreign author
ity, as the lesser of the two evils. But, if ever accom
plished, it will be only when the heart of our na
tion has been broken by a prolonged, an unequal, and
a cruel strife. The task will be one of horror, and In
Its accomplishment the methods of Gen. Weyler will
have been justified, In so far as imitation can justify.
There will be no glory in the achievement, and no one
will envy the victor. The penalty will fall with greater
them to save on construction and pay the difference over
to them in premiums. Having made tha error of to
low premiums on combustible buildir.gs it is only natural
that they should now raise rates sufficiently to make
themselves whole. While this action may appear harsh,
it will surely result in much better construction, a conl
summation which would have come about years ago
but for this shortsighted policy on the part of insurance
companies. The time has come when every city should
take such action as may be necessary to enact and
inforce such building laws as will preclude the erection
of any but safe buildings, especially in our large, con
gested business districts. It should be made impossi
ble for any party or corporation to erect firetraps, with
which may be Included those buildings commonly desig
nated as "slow-burning." It should be compulsory and
not optional with individual owners to build for his
neighbors and the community, as well as for himself.
He should, in his own interests, erect such a building
j4and.
pleted in the same way as the first one by having teams
haul one after another, and covering coarse material
deep enough to make a. firm and smooth road at onci?.
These plans we have tried and know to be practical. *n
a short piece of road constructed north of the pteck
yards in Ramsey county, the cheapest and best mate
rial at hand was iron slag. This was filled in on sec
ond plan, herein mentioned, to the depth of twelve
inches and was seven feet wide. The material from
this road had to be (hauled from two to three miles, and
when completed the road cost $350 per mile. The iron
slag was very rough, but the top was covered as the
work progressed, with sand and clay, and the road
built in this, way was very complete, smooth and satis
factory to drive on as fast as it was constructed.
I have always believed that for a permanent road
the community benefited should bear at least part of tl c
expense by some means of direct taxation, and some
£v Jixto £opez.
By $enry Michelsen.
the period of depression; wnile debentures have sunk in
capital value and interest paid. A purchase of the
titles to the railways would, very likely, be effected by
means of bonds, bearing a very Inw rate of interest, re
deemable after a reasonable length of time at the op
tion of the government. Since the interest earned by
these bonds would rot prove attractive tc great finan
ciers, who are accustomed to much larger profits, the
consequence must be that these securities wouU be em
ployed as bases for other investments When it is cm.
siderod that one-half of the territory of the United
States is quite undeveloped, owing- to lack of capital;
that a rich soil merely awaits the distribution of wa
ter by means if irrigation canals; that thus vast aie.is
now barren may be made to sustain a population a^
dense as that of other civilized countries; that the nV.n.s
of this continent are only in the very first stage of the r
development; that the manufacturing interests of" the
trans-Missouri country have not been evolvel, while the
factories of the Eastern states are unable to accept or
ders unless they are allowed months in which to fill
them; we may feel assured that the money to be dis
tributed in the purchase of railway properties will find
many and abundant channels for investment. it is
certain that.no inconvenience has arisen from the na-
By ftelen Is), gisseli
fully we see that our whole social system is to tlame
for the present condition.
It is so easy for us, situated as we are, to ignore
disagreeable subjects and persuade ourselves that the
blots are few and far between, that tho c who go wro-g
have only themselves to blame, and for that w
personally no>t responsible. I venture to say that
there are few of us who, if we had been born under
the same conditions, been ed-ucateJ with the same ideas
and had to meet the same temptations, could of
would have made a better ie:ord for our liven. "Who
shall care for these women, the?e fallen ones, if not
ourselves?
A reformatory for women, under the charge of wom
en, where these girls can be sent, educated for some
useful form of work, and then, tinier parole, show they
are capable of living correct live.3, and finally r
them to full liberty as useful members of eo;i ty. I
found during my term of service as assistant physician
at the woman's reformatory In Massachusetts, that very
By (jeorge &. itfclsh.
the earth and approaching rapidly, as if driven by a
strong wind. Then, when it bursts upon a doomed set
tlement, the burning lava sweeps and burns everything
before it. Some scientists claim that the molten liva
derives its mobility largely from the immense amount
of vapor or water which saturates it, and whvn the wa
ter and steam finally escape the lava hardens and soliJi
fies into rock.
But this vapor, or steam, is never pure. There are
gases and other deadly vapors mixed with it which
wither and blight life wnerever they come in contact
with it. The gases differ in various' volcanoes, and an
analysis of the precipitations afterward reveis some
thing of the nature of the interior formation of the
earth's crust at that point. It is more than likely that
thousands of the unfortunate victims of St. Picric were
killed by the gases before the fiery torrent actually
By £. P. Overmire.
James 7. &lwell,
' ■ <"» <"» <"» <-» Minneapolis
force upon the spoiler than upon the spoiled. T:.
Tims will become subject; the victors, abject.
But why should all this be necessary when the en 1
can be attained by other and more humane means, and
without crashing a laudable aspiration for national
liberty which America, of all nations, ought, on the
contrary, to encourage? A promise of ultimate in !> -
pendence, cr even an-intimation that such is the policy
of the administration, would remove not only all cause
for a continuance of armed conflict, but all the sorrow
of heart and bitterness of spirit on the part of the
weaker contestant. Under such a promise the Filipinos
would willingly yield everything that America is now
demanding or can in righteousness demand, and
would be additional mutual advantages. Tta Filipinos
would learn of everything that is good in the institutions
o£ America—in its religion, its morality., its wisdom
and its law; whilst America would have a wider market
for its products, a new field for tnt- rprises.
and a basis of trade and military operations in the far
East. There would also be the rebirth of a republic
in that quarter of the globe, whtre liberty baa
sought by only one small struggling people, and where
despotism has been the nightmare of millions of the
human race.
tionalization of the German railroads to the people of
that empire, and there is no reason why the same meas
ure should affect our people in a different way.
As regards the creation of an ofnceholiing class, it
may be said that in the railway service this class ex
ists already. As it has not been deemed requisite to
disfranchise the employes of the postal establish
nor any of the other servants of the government's civil
organization, it does not appear that a necessity for
such a measure will arise concerning the railway men.
Numerous attempts have been made, time and again, ry
railway officials to control the vote of their employes,
always to the discomfiture of tho?e who made the i
The electorate will be swayed by political and economi
cal considerations, and parties will achieve succ
failure at the hustings exactly as heretofore, ace >rding
to the records presented by them, as long as the repub
lic las<s.
Taxation is a function of government. It must not
be delegated by those responsible for its proi or
ment to any other authority. If existing- institutions
are not adapted to the protection of the general w< i
fare, then it becomes the duty of the law-making \,i,\\
ers to create others which will bring about the ?
required.
few of the women knew how to do any one thing
and that it was only by a combine! system o
wards and demerits that the greater par
"be Induced to really apply themselves to
employment. At home th.y had IN work well
done and tho cleanliness of a wejl-ordered Institution
as much a revelation to them as
of sanitation to the Inhabitants of the Cuban
Jl<>w can we blame them, "having never knoi
To those who cavil at tbe ld< a of reformatl ■
women I will say that in Massachusetts then
families ready to take the girls bo trained than c
suppliedl, and that in one >ear. of the 201 c
parole, only one was returned as unwopthy . f the
placed upon her. Words of mine cannot add
to a statement ' of that kind.
Jn conclusion I would s:ty that this should be ;
the cry from Macedonia, "Come and i
each in the final day will come the judgment, unfaithful
or well done.
reached them. This will account for the stories 0
bodies strewn around which show- d do signs ol
ening from smoke or lire According to eeismo
the most prolific of chemical gasi s phased fi
subterranean bowels' of the earth by such an ci
are sulphureted hydrogen and sulphuric add gas. In
the Vesuvius eruption hydro-chloric acid gas was
dant. Carbonic acid gas naturally <. ■ .
quantities in all eruptions and explosions. The i
these volumes of poisonous gases escaping from 11
cano is to destroy all lif«; around, so that with
ing touched by fire or lava, everything of animal
etatole origin would be .suffocated in an Instant. It may
be that the fiery flood of rain and lava which
down on St. Pierre found only a city of the di ad
poisonous gases and vapors had su&ocated tbexn
stood or rested in their natural positions.
as would obviate the necessity of fire Insurance. That
such a thing is not beyond possibility 1 refer y«u to the
Phoenix building in Minneapolis, a building that
not be destroyed by any ordinary lire, eitht-r ox
or Internal.
The only way to avoid fire risks is to s-tudious!y
avoid the use of combustible materiais, for construction
as well as for finishing of our buildings, evt-n our of
fice furniture should be of metal.
For the good of the public such lacpe, open
as are found in our great department stores sboul
be permitted. They should be so constructed that
could be quickly and easily divided up, by metal
or curtains, into a series of small.:r areas, any .
which could be controlled in a lire ajul the bulai
the building rendered immune. The great depar
store is the very worst factor we have to deal
today, in our efforts to bring afeout a safer form of
construction for business buildings.
years ago had passed by the legislature a 1
Anoka county, taxing the land on either side o
road for one mile for entire ccst of road, ba
tenth of cost due and payable each year as are
taxes. This was afterwards made a state I n
several good roads, have been built un |
taxing the entire cost to the benefited property i
never regarded this law as wholly fair, for th.
and county should bear theti proportion of cost r .
benefit of the general pu'l:-. Finally, j wo, .
that I believe the good roads movement is
In the right direction, with county
themselves in the work, and I would like I
county engineers put upon a proper s.il.uy i
they would have direct supervision of the construction
drainage and maintenance of all roads in t!
tive counties, to the end that ev«ry dollai
would represent 100 cents of permanent good r