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|t . ¥ o m . _ < ■ rJ< m)Alf*k festivals of a country IjJBBB. seem to reflect the heart of a people. Christmas among Italian peasants has quite a a different quality from the - A. J Christmas of the land of the former kaiser; so the songs and carols which spring from these festivals carry with them a dlstlqft flavor of the different nationalities w'hich Inspire them. Even two coun tries so closely akin as England and America Infuse a certain national at mosphere into the literature of Christ mas. In England one may trace the Christmas carol from the quaintest of old folk songs— -1 “As Joseph was a-waukin*, . He heard an angel sing, *Tlfls night shall be the birth night Of Christ, our heavenly king’ ✓ down through a sort of procession of Christmas ideals in successive cen turies to our own time, when “Hark, the herald angels sing*’ seems to embody Christmas joy in Eng lish-speaking lands the world over. « Christmas in America has to adjust Itself to a different environment from the old world setting. The heroic strug gles of our pioneer ancestors tuned the lyre of one of our ballad writers to tell of “The First Christmas in New Eng land.” His picture of the forbidding New England coast presents a pitiuble contrast to the warmth and cheer which memories of Christmas suggest. “They thought they had come to their port that day, But not yet was their Journey done; And they drifted away from Provincetown Bay In the tireless light of the sun, With rain and sleet were the tall masts iced And gloomy and chill was the air; But they looked from the orystal sails to Christ, And they came to a harbor fair. ‘The white hills pilent lay,— For there were no ancient bells to ring , No priest to chant, no choirs to sing, No chapel of baron, or lord or king. That gray, cold winter day." Then the voyagers remembered the bells of old England which were ring ing for Christmas worship and they forbore to devote the day to labor. “Shall our axes swing on this day of days .When the Lord of life was born?’* The tragedy of the Civil war trailed its shadow over Longfellow’s Christ mas verse and even his courageous spirit faltered: “I heard the bells on Christmas day Their old familiar carols play, And wild and sweet The words repeat Of peace, on earth, good will to men! And thought how. as the day had come, The belfries of all Christendom Had rolled along, The unbroken song Of peace on earth, good will to men!” Then echoes of the accursed cannon thundering far away In the southland DRESSING CHRISTMAS DOLLS i “Be Sure the Clothes Come On and Off,” Is Advice of Woman Who Has Had Much Experience. “Be sure the clothes come on and off.” This Is the injunction that one woman has to make every year when she gets to work at her usual Chrlst vmas task of getting 50 dolls dressed ifor 50 little orphans who live in an in stitution ln which she Is Interested. She buys the dolls at wholesale prices land then gets good folk she knows to I dress them, but always with the re quest goes this injunction—“be sure and don’t sew the clothes on.!’ The r- !*.' \for this Is the fact that these 50* # \ girls are like all other little glrlu liking dolls that can be ‘dressed an_ Amdressed, and the first thing they do on receiving their Christ- ImjM doll is to see how readily it may be dressed and put to bed and then dressed again. In dressing dolls it is possible to buy paper patterns for doll clothes. One 'set, sold by a leading pattern concern, jcontalni a cape wit)) a hood, a jumper dress and gulmps, a bathrobe and a petticoat and drawers—all for ten cents. The only trouble with this sort ;of pattern Is that It doesn’t always fit jtlp doll you riioose; in fact, it is by ‘tlMi merest accident that the paper pah {!£m would fit the doll. Although the BRIEF INFORMATION V England’s 'prison population before /the war was 18,000 ; it Is now 9,500. Portable electric machinery has been Invented to screen coal and load it In wagons. - Of the 8,000 or more islands com prising the Philippines only about 400 are inhabited. t Adding an ounce of eamphor to each five gallons of gasoline he use*, an English autbmobillat claims to effect a fuel saving of 20 percent. seemed to drown the music of the beljs. % ' 1 “It was as if an earthquake rent The hearthstones of a continent. And in despair I bowed my head 'There is no peace on earth,’ I said, > 'For hate is strong And mocks the song Of 'peace on earth, good will to men!’ Then pealed tljp bells more loud and deep; ■ ‘God is not dead, nor doth he sleep! The wrong shall fall. The right prevail With peace on earth, good will to men!* ” Snow and Christmas winds seem to be so closely mingled with Christmas in the minds of English-speaking peo ple that many of us are scarcely aware that new traditions of Christmas cli mate are being built up in parts of our wide country. The poet Sill, with his exquisite art, paints for us a picture of “Christmas in California:” “Can this be Christmas—sweet as May, With drowsy sun and dreamy air, The new grass pointing out the way For flowers to follow, everywhere? Has time grown sleepy at his post. And let the exiled summer back, Or Is it her regretful ghost Or witchcraft of the almanac? i am his creature, and his air I abreathe, where'er my feet may stand; The angels’ song rings everywhere, And all the earth is Holy Land." Besides the religion* spirit 'of Christ mas poetry, a great deal of verse has been written In honor of St. Nicholas, Kris Kringle or Santa Claus, as he is called, and the children. Perhaps one of the best known of these poems is “The Night Before Christmas” by Dr. Clement C. Moore, which begins: “ ’Twa* the night before Christmas, when all through the house. Not a creature was stirring, not even 4 mouse; The stockings were hung by the chimney with care. In hopes that St Nicholas soon would be there; The children were nestled all snug ln their beds, While visions of sugar plums danced in their heads,” etc. ' Another favorite with the children is “Christmas Day,” by Ruth Ray mond. “Now, chile, go hang yo’ stockln's high Dyar by de chlmtyy place, ’Fo Santa Clause goes rldln’ by Wld him ole jolly face. Data alius smilin’ ’cause dey say, He tubs de chlllun bo, An’ brings dem gif’s each Christmas day Across de miles of snow. *Ts mended dem from top to toe, • Dey’l hole de t'lngs yo’ need. One l’lle garden rake and hoe, De book ye longs to read. Wld fife and drum fo’ yo’ to play; Dat Santa Clause boun' know De t’lngs yo’s prayed fo’ ebery day And make yo’ happy so. ■*Hang up you’ stockin’ den an’ rest pattern is cut in various sizes for dolls ranging from 14 to 30 inches in length, the proportions of your doll may be quite different from the doll used In cutting the original pattern. If the clothes do not fit it is not a very diffi cult matter to make alterations ln the patterns. You never need to allow any outlay for materials for dolls’ clothes, for there are always enough pieces in your work box, or a friend’s work box, to make oil sorts of dainty garments. There are sure to be odds and ends of lace and insertion to use on the little underwear and pieces of ribbon with which the dresses can be trimmed. FOR SOLDIERS OF BELGIUM Americans to Bring Christmas Cheer to Every Man in Valiant Army. Mr. and Mrs. Ralph C. Norton, who last year distributed 25,000 Christmas boxes to the Belgian soldiers, with the co-operation of the Belgian govern ment have perfected plans for extend ing the Christmas cheer this year to every soldier ln the Belgian army of 120,000). The gift will consist of choco late, toilet soap and candles, furnished pt a total cost of $40,000. A Christmas greeting card will be Inclosed, bearing the following Inscription, printed ln Inventor of a pnlley with; de pressions In Its surface contends that belts will not slip when It la used. With a view to meeting eventually the national demand for wool, the Jap anese government wHI establish three sheep farm* early ln the new year. A few Japanese women, have been put on the cars of the Mlno Electric company because of the shortage of men labo#***- who have entered the activities. If these women conductors prove satisfactory more will be similarly employed. THE TWIN CITY STM, MNNEMSUC, MINN. He’ In yo’ little bed • Jes lalk de birdies In de nest De mammy bird hab fed. Till Jingle, jingle in de mawn. When all de bells will say: “De Holy Chile ob Gawd am bawa* An* dis am Christmas day.” James Whitcomb Riley, In h!S Rhymes of Childhood, says: “After a thoughtful, almost painful pause. . Bub sighed, ‘l’m sorry fer old Santa Claus.. They wux no Santy Claus, ner couldn't be, ; When he wus Ist a little boy like me.’ ** His “Who Santy Claus Wuz” Is well known: “Jes’ a little bit o' feller; I remap bet still— Ust to almost cry for Christmas, like a youngster wllL Fourth o’ July’s nothing to It! New Year’s ain’t a smell! Easter Sunday—circus day—Jes* all dead In the shell! Lawsy, though! at night, you know, to set around and hear The old folks work- the story off about the sledge and deer. An “Santy" skootln’ round the rdbf, all wrapt in fur and fuzz. Long aforq. I knowed who “Santy Claus” wux.** In his more serious strain he says: “They’s a kind o’ feel In the air to When the Chris'maa times sets In, That’s about as much of a mystery As ever I've run ag*ln! Fer lnstunce, now, whllse I gain Jn weight And general health I swear They’s a goneness somers, I can’t qtflte state— * A kind o’ feel ln the air. Is it the racket the children raise? Fy, no!—God hies ’em!—noi ls It the eyes and cheeks ablaze Like my own wux, long ago? Is it the bleat o’ the whistle and. beat O' the little toy drum and blare X O’ the horn? No! no! It Is Jest the sweefc The sad, sweet feel In the air.” Paul Laurence Dunbar, ln his char acteristic dialect, says of Christmas: “Step wld de banjo an’ glide wld da fiddle, Dls aln’ no time fu’ to pottqh an’ plddla; Fu’ Christmas is cornin’, its right on tha way. An’ dey’s houahs to dance fo* de break o' de day. What If de win' Is talkin’ an’ whistlin’? Look at dat tiah how hits splttin* an* bristlin’! Heat In de ashes an’ heat in de cindah. Ol’ Mlstah Froa’ kin look thoo de win dah.” To return to the real spirit of Christ mas, as it commemorates the birth of Christ, Margatlet E. Songster says: “We love to think of Bethlehem, That little mountain town, To which on earth’s first Christmas day Our bleraed Lord came down; ' A lowly manger for his bed. The cattle near In stall, . There, cradled close In Mary’s arms, He slept, the Lord of a.U. Now breaks the latest Christmas moral Again the angels sing. And far and near the children throng Their happy hymns to bring. All heaven is stirred! All earth is glad! For down the shining way The Lord who came to Bethlehem Comes yet on Chrlßtmas day.” Flemish on one side and French on the other: “Belgian soldier, our beldved friend and brother, we, your American friends, greet you this Christmas day, 1918. How bravely you have endured and how courageously you have fought during foflr years of indescribable hardship! But be of good cheer. Your day of deliverance is drawing near. Listen to the angels’ song, ‘Glory to God in the highest, and on earth peach, good will toward men.’ Jesus Christ was born for you, dear friend, and If today you will open to him the door of your heart, he will enter In and im part to you eternal life.” Mr. and Mrs. Norton, graduate stu dents of the Moody Bible Institute of Chicago, have labored so successfully ln the interest of the Belgian soldiers since the summer of 1915 that the queen of the Belgians has given re peated recognition to their work, and the Belgian army authorities allowed them access to the front line trenches. Over 12,000 of the Belgian soldiers have Joined their “League of the Holy Scriptures,” and their names are among the most popular In the ranks. Of the gifts distributed last year, 6,000 boxes went to Belgian soldiers in German prison camps. A reply card \vas Inclosed, and within a few months the entire number of 6,000 had been received, asking that copies of the Gos pels be forwarded. GATHERED FACTS The Emergency Fleet corporation has a girls’ chorns, all employees), with Miss Beatrice Eaton as leader. With walls but two Inches thick, s concrete motion picture theater, 80 by 45 feet and 18 feet high, has been built ln England, * The discovery In Sweden of a loar of bread made from pea flour la the time of the Vikings ha* disclosed the fqct that peas were cultivated* in» Eu rope more than 1,000 yeup ago. tom-EMMin' WIRELESS BETS RID OF “STATIC” j An Invention which has taken the “static” out of wireless telegraphy, re- , ’ il(jHPslppPfev moving thereby the greatest obstacle 4 to the clear transmission of radio * messages, has been perfected by Roy W ' V A. Weaganj, chief engineer ef the Mlllf Marconi Wireless Telegraph Company |^||||| of America. The invention not only f£||| makes possible the sending of dear trapl - /: radio messages regardless of atmos pherlc conditions, but eliminates “in- terference,” thereby making possible tjpST I jj&g 'j the operation of innumerable radio ■ffiiSri stations without “crossing” messages. The invention also does away with the necessity of constructing huge wireless towers. Perfect service can be obtained with the use of antennae >, ' extending only a few feet from the The invention is said to mark a §gfV' : ' now era in world communication and $> > lit} > to be second In importance In the field of radKTtelegraphy only to Marconi’s invention. Mr. Weagant, who is only thirty-seven, has been working on the problem -of static for 15 years and took out patent papers on his invention shortly before the United States entered the war. The government kept the Invention secret, disclosing It only to the allied nations. It Is thought best to withhold all information concerning it until the actual signing of a peace treaty. * FRAU LEIN BAUMER’S DIARY 1 Entries from the diary of Frauleln Gertrud Baurner of Berlin during the |Jj»j month October are interest to Americans. In them President Wilson is referred to as an “arrogant school master” and the rage of the German |h|Ps people at being forced to accept the terms communicated to them by this government is freely and bitterly ex- MSfoireP \ pressed. wsk Five weeks later Frauleln Baumer, V with Alice Salomon, signed the appeal addressed to Mrs. Woodrow Wilson on ’ * behalf of the national council of worn en of Germany In tae hope of obtain ing a modification o? the armistice terms. Extracts follow: #*"sl “Tuesday, Oct. 8. —We are to ‘re pent.’ In so far as there is need of M* < Pliliif repentance about the mad battle of de wVsi struction of these four years, let the B |, W fig W whole world repent of it before the God to whom It feels Itself responsible. We can repent only in this great Common sense—assuredly not before Other men as our *betters.’ “Wednesday, Oct. 9. —Wilson’s answer came out this afternoon. Doubt less we expected if thus. Yet it hits us now like a stunning and blinding blow. ' “Tuesday, Oct. 15.—The evening papers contain Wilson’s answer. As one follows this schoolmaster’s arrogance one feels that this tone and these suggestions must whip up to the last determination every instinct of pride and self-respect in the German people. v TALKING WITH THE BIRDMEN - | Col. Clarence C. Culver of Wash lngton is given chief credit by the war department for the development of the new wireless telephone which eitabled ■* allied airmen to give information and Bklife. receive instructions from the ground while flying at considerable distances J that worn by all telephone operators Is worn beneath the airman’s helmet. A movable speaking tube is constantly pieces connect with a battery which gets its power from the airplane , “It was in August, 1910, that I first became interested in the possibility of sending messages from airplanes,” Colonel Culver said, “and commenced -}, *&sss a series of experiments which were so ' M far successful that in August, 1910, I was enabled to send a radio telegraph message from a plane over Chats worth, Cal., to San Diego, a distance of 40 miles. In February, 1917, after we had enlisted the assistance of the foremost American telephone companies and their expert acoustical men, we succeeded In transmitting vocal messages from a plane to the ground. Ia October, 1917, I took the first sets |p France and made demonstrations there. By August 200 complete sets»had been sent to our forces In France.” • Colonel Culversays nobody Invented anything new In applying the radio telephone to military airplanes. What was done was the adaptation and adjustment of previously discovered laws to a new field. [ CAPTAIN MOFFETT OF GREAT LAKES ] Capt. William A. Moffett, com mnndnnt at Great Lakes Naval Train {ag station, has bees assigned to the command of the new superdread naught Mississippi, said to be the fln esc battleship in the United States navy. After the necessary six months' FT of sea service he will be made a rear admiral. L ’ rW HjT | Captain Moffett came to Great . -9B Lakes as commandant four years ago. From a small naval training station * yll with a maximum capacity of 2,000 J. . m men the station became the greatest /' - naval training station In the world. On the day that Captain Moffett goes to sea he will leave behind him a traln ing camp fitted to accommodate 75,- 000 men. HIs work ln transforming into ef fieient snilors the recruits who came to hlrn fronl the farms un(l of the middle West made Captain Moffett one of the prominent American figures In the war. 'The capacity of the station was not only increased from 2,000 to 75,000 under his administration, but he sent Into active service 9LOOO trained fighting men of the sea. Captain Moffett has been more than commandant He has been a guide and friend. No bluejacket, however obscure, but has sensed the Influence ef kindness and temperate judgment; and no family whose eon has gone Into aeryloe hut has felt the security of dean surroundings for Its hoy. mraovu unroot OTSounom SMfSOKE Lessom (Hr REV. P. B. fitzwathr, d. 'd.. Teacher of English Bible In tha Moody Bible Institute of Chicago.) (Copyright, 1918, Western Newspaper Union.) * LESSON FOR DECEMBER 22 THE BIRTH OF JESUS. LESSON TEXT—Luke 2:8-20. GOLDEN TEXT—For unto* you is born this day in the city of David a Savior who is Christ the Lord.—Luke 2:11. Note: Since the lesson committee has suggested the birth .of Jesus, a Christmas lesson, as an alternative for this day, doubtless for most classes It will be desirable to use the Christmas lesson and substitute the alternative lesson for the review on December 29. The birth of the Saviour occurred at a most propitious time. The need was great, for the systems of morals and religion were tottering upon their foundations. It was also a time of great opportunity, for the whole world was under one rule, making it possible for evangelists to go from city to city and country to country without fear or molestation. The place of his birth was Bethlehem, as the prophet had foretold some seven hundred years be fore (Mlcah 5:2). God permitted the emperor to enforce a decree of taxation Just at the time to cause Mary to be at Bethlehem when she gave birth to the Saviour. That which the Wcjrd of God has announced shall most, surely come to pass, though its fulfillment seem most unlikely and unreason able. The surroundings of his birth were the most bumble sort The Al mighty Creator condescended to take upon himself humanity—to be born in a manger, becoming the poorest of the poor that none might be hindered from coming to him. I. The Saviour's Birth Announced (2:8-14). 1. To Whom —Shepherds (v. 8). In the first Christmas service the audi ence was composed of humble shep herds. The glorious gospel message was first sounded forth,to these hum ble men while watching over their flocks by night Poverty is no barrier to the reception of the gospel message. God does not reveal himself mainly to the princes and great men of the earth. “Hath not God chosen the poor of this world, rich in faith and heirs of, the kingdom?” (James 2:5). Neither did their devotion to their calling exclude them from this greatest favor of God. Moses, Gideon, Amos and Elisha were called by the Lord from the busy ac tivities of life. He never calls the idle. The Lord has no use for a lazy man. The working man is God’s pe culiar interest. 2. By Whom —The Angel of the Lord (v. 9). The first gospel sermon was delivered by the angel of the Lord. Angels, the exalted ministers of God are interested in men (Hebrews 1:14), and this one announced unto men God’s plan of salvation. These beings no doubt sincerely sympathized with poor, sin-cursed, fallen, men. 3. The Message—Good Tidings (v. . 10). (1) A Saviour is born. Surely this was a gladsome message. Heath en darkness which had so long cursed the earth was beginning to vanish. The casting out of Satan, the prince of the world, was about to take place > (John 12:31). Liberty was aboht to be proclaimed to those ln bondage to sin. The way of salvation was about to be opened to all. So glorious ■was this news that a multitude of the heav enly host accompanied this announce ment with their song of praise. It Is through Jesus Christ that God’s kind ness and good will are made known to man. (2) Peace (v. *4). Peace with God—peace of heart —peace with man. How Incongruous this message with our time! The world war was the re sult of not receiving this blessed mes sage. (8) Joy (v. 10). The gospel message is a joyful message because it frees from sin and removes all the burdens of this world. 11. The Shepherds Make In vestige tion (2:15, 16). Though these things seemed pass ing strange to them F'ey did not stop to question .or argue; they went straight* to Bethlehem and found everything just as the angels had said. They had the glorious privilege of gazing upon the world’s Saviour—the very Lord of glory. 111. The Shepherds Witnessing (2:- 17). When they* saw the Lord they could not remain silent They were im pelled to make known abroad the good* news. Those who have heard the good news of salvation through Christ and have verified it by personal investiga tion must tell It to others. The angels said that the good tidings of great Joy shoald be to all people (v. 10). The gospel of Christ is for all people re gardless of nationality or condition. It Is Just as really good news to the king as 'to the peasant It fills the hearts of all with Joy. IV. The Bhepherds Praising God (2:18-20). The testimony of the shepherds bad n varying effect—some wondered, and others kept the sayings and pondered them, hut the shepherds went back glorifying and praising God for all they had seen and heard. Those who have believed the gospel message and proclaimed It abroad have a peculiar loy which must express itseht la praises to God. Prefer diligence before idleness, less you esteem rust befao brightness —Plato.