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AFRICAN CABINS. The flat and arid country known as Bugwe, South Nyanza, is thickly dotted with little villages of from ten to fifty cabins. The reason that the settlements are not larger lies in the native manner of farming. If there is not a banana plantation in the neighborhood, every family must have a plot of ground for the cultivation of sorgho, and here families are large, as a rule. Every Bugwe likes to he master of the land surrounding his cabin. He does not care to have near neighbors, and the few neighbors that he has must be people with whom he can get along. He erects his hut in the middle of an inclosed space screened by a hedge of reeds. In one corner of this yard is the stable or shed that shelters the larger domestic animals the sheep and goats are housed at night under the same roof as the family. A second corner of the inclosure is assigned to the little structures dedi cated to the manes of the family ancestors. In a third corner is the poultry house and granary. The pali sade that surrounds the inclosure is strong and forms an excellent protec tion against robbers. The family hut is cylindrical in form surmounted by a conical roof, and surrounded by a circular veranda which is protected by a screen of sugar cane stalks. This veranda is divided into several rooms. One is the sleeping-room of the young jnen of the household, in another their sisters live. A third is reserved for guests. In a fourth, the mother and daughters hull the sorgho. The interior of the cabin itself is divided into two rooms, one being the sleeping-room of the parents and young children. The other is occupied by the sheep and the goats. A por tion of the sorgho is stored just be neath the roof, and the rats, ac cordingly, soon take up their quarters with the family. CHAPEL BUILDING IN AFRICA. In reply to those who ask if a chapel will serve the purpose of bringing in natives to the Church we may refer this piece for their reading. A priest is the whole thing, of course, but after him comes the church, it matters not how rude an affair it may be. When it is not possible to erect a permanent edifice the missionaries resort to the best makeshift they can build, but not always with good results, as far as the building is concerned. There are many places in Africa where the chapel is replaced every five years. The climate and the insects of the country rapidly destroy the native building. A Jesuit Father of the Rhodesia dis-^ trict says that he enjoyed the new chapel just four weeks: "We enjoyed the luxury of our new chapel just four weeks. Very heavy rains had fallen since the Epiphany. Owing probably to some defect, the foundation subsided, and early in the night of the 21st the eastern gable wall collapsed. Fortunately no damage was done to the furniture inside, and though it was raining hard, we man aged to transport the altar and everything else back to the former hut. The weather being propitious, we are rebuilding the part which fell in, and hope before long to see our poor chapel restored. It must serve us until we are able to erect a solid and permanent building." VALUt OF THE CRUCIFIX COREA. MISSION IN Now that Japan has annexed Corea there is great danger that the old lines of demarcation will soon be wiped out. Of course the Coreans have a deep-rooted hatred of the wily conqueror, but the latter is not both ering much about that end of it. The transition was made without any bloodshed and no fuab practically of any kind. The only change that has been made as far as the missions are concerhed is that many of the Chris tians have moved away, some of them towards the borders. Six little Chris tian villages were established during the past two years and while the humble chapes are not much to look at they are serving the excellent pur pose of keeping the Christians to gether. There are about twenty-eight hundred Christians on the borders and 700 serious catechumens. In the win ter the missions are connected hy waterways which are frozen over, thus giving access to places not easy of approach for the missionary. The devotion of the Christians to their Catholic emblems, their cruci fixes and medals is very edifying and has been the means of attracting many to inquire about the faith. Per haps this has come from the Russians, whose love especially for the Mother of God is well known. It is interest ing to notice this practical love- of the Russians for Christian emblems. Bishop Mutel, accompanied by a na tive Corean, wanted to cross the border into Russian territory. Coreans have not the right to pass the borders without a license, which costs nine roubles, which license must be re newed every year. When the Bishop and his aide reached the official in reply to his demand for the ticket, the Christian Corean simply showed his crucifix and immediately was passed through with the remark, "He is, ..a Christian." Needless to. statue the crucifix is in great demand.6** MISSIONARY OF THE CR083 IN SOUTH AMERICA. (Contributed by a Convert) How sbon the devoted itilssffm arians in their lonely outposts pass out of human remembrance! It would be a pious practice now and then to sit down in the quiet House of God and endeavor to call to mind any per sonal experiences we may have had in our travels, or readings of real missionaries—and pray for them. Our beloved missionaries richly de serve our prayers and now and then a letter or magazine or picture or better still some pecuniary help. Let them feel that they are not forgotten on earth. There is one name ever coming to mind, of a holy priest who has a remarkable devotion to the Most Holy Crucifix—Father Visorlot. Somewhere down in South America in a lonely mountain mission station he is toiling among his beloved In dians, unless perchance his Saviour has called him to his reward. Some years agb a traveler came -up to this priest in his lonely mountain home. Seldom did the good priest have an opportunity to see a white man's face and rarely did even a letter come to cheer his uneventful existence. The traveler was astonished to find so de voted a missionary in such a dreary section, and he- asked the good Fa ther if he did not feel lonely, and if he did not consider that his life was being wasted in such a remote and un congenial place, to whom the holy man replied in these inspired words: "My son, if I can hold this Cru cifix before the face of a single dy ing Indian, it will repay me for my life's work!" Such words as these, deserve to be written in letters of gold and dis tributed to earth's remotest clime. A SUPERSTITION IN AFRICA. It is heartrending, writes Father Kyne from the west coast of Africa, to see the power which Satan sways in this land were the name of Our Beloved Lord and His Blessed Moth er are not known. Everything is God, but God Himself. The religion of these people consists not in adoring God, but in propitiating the evil spir its. Their idea of God is that He is essentially good and as such cannot hurt anybody but the evil spirits are always around, ready to inflict pain unless sacrifice is offered to them. A curious superstition is that of crocodile worship. The river is in fested with crocodiles—the people hold them in veneration, and woe be tide the man who would dare to in jure them. The boatman never "neg lects to throw his offering into the river and to pour forth a fervent prayer. In a native village in Cape Mount, some years ago, the people gave his regular meals to an old crocodile, who, being more acute than his brethren, did not wait in the lake for his offerings, but came out on dry land daily and proceeded towards the village, where he was cordially feceived, and thus with remarkable disinterestedness, took the larger part of the offerings for himself, leav ing as little as possibe for his com panions, who had not been as intelli gent as he. But let us hope that the days of Satan and the crocodiles are at an end their doom is being sealed. The Blood of the Lamb is. daily offered several time* the names of Jesus and Mary are pronounced by the lips of children, whom Jesus loved so much on earth and whose innocent and sim ple petitions He cannot but hear the regenerating waters of baptism have already opened the gates of Heaven to little angels who will become the intercessors for their race, and the Cross stands majestically on high over the river where crocodiles held sway till now, seeming to say to all who pass, as of old to Constantine, "In Hoc signo vinces." Yes, with this sign shall we conquer the old enemy of mankind with this sign shall we bring the light of life to these be nighted people, who sleep in the darkness and the shallow of death. This shall be the sign which we shall imprint on the forehead of the new born babe, to cast the lustre of inno cence around his infancy, to confirm his youth, to sustain his manhood, to console his old age and to accom pany him with unshaken confidence before the throne of God. (Coatinued from page 3.) WHAT A MOTHER'S MEMORY DID FOR A BLACK MAN think of my mother, my poor, dear mammy, hunting for me, her lost boy, her only boy, never to see me again He stopped, overcome. bid fingers into my mouth, bending all my joints, trying my eyes, my teeth, my hearing. "One man bid $150, but I was sold at last for $225, and was delivered over to this buyer. I was now a slave! I did not dare resist, but went pas sively wherever I was told. "How lonely I was, living in the silent country with three hundred slaves, toiling from dawn to dark. How I watched them, their strange ways, their poor cabins, their wild stories and their religion! How dif ferent from Baltimore! And, oh, how I pined for my poor mother! I never saw her again! Almost the first thing that happened was a dispute about me. "The family I was sold to Was half Methodist and half Baptist, the father holding to the Methodists and the i mother to the Baptists. "They argued hot and strong with each other to possess me for their re ligion. They quoted the Bible—lots of it. The bigger children laughed, but took neither side. But I was a bold little darkey, and I waited for a lull in the dispute, I waited my chance, for my dear mother's words came ringing into my head, and at last there was a moment's quiet. "I mostered up all my courage and stood up in my bare feet and my little shirt and pants, my hands in my pocketholes, and called out: "The Methodists and Baptists are both nasty. I am a Roman Catholic, that's what I am! It's God's only true re ligion "When I got through, and before they got over their surprise I thought I had better say it over again, because it didn't sound loud enough the first time, so I planted my feet firmly and fairly yelled out my good mammy's words. And, suh, I felt them dee down in my heart, and I would hav said them if those people killed me, as indeed I thought they would! Not at all, suh. First, they stared, and glared at me, but I stared back. Then, two of the big girls giggled, and then thW children laughed, and after a while the old folks laughed, and there was a shout all around, and then they made me tell them all I knew. I said my prayers three times over during my story. I told them how I was stolen, and about my poor mother, and I think my mistress was kind-hearted, for she said: 'You poor little nigger, no one shall touch you!' I never had any real trouble after that day about religion. The people were good enough to me—but I had hard work, and I often just hankered after my mother, and never forgot my prayers. When they wanted me to go to Camp Meet ing I said 'No' so fierce that they let me alone. You see, Father, it was my mother's word! She had stamped them on my heart, and although I knew not one thing about Catholics I knew she was right, and anything different was wrong. So I stuck to my mother! THE CATHOLIC BULLETIN, OCTOBER M, 1911. When I was grown up took up with a fine girl, but she was so savage a Baptist that I quit her. I never saw a Catholic, never heard of any in r^ach. I have been a working man all my life, and always poor. After the war I was free and worked on a lighter in a little cotton port, and got chance of working my passage, to Baltimore. My whole heart was set on getting' to Baltimore and finding my mother! I got here a week ago, Father, and I began to hunt for my mother, but" (and here his voice broke and his big chest heaved, he couldn't go on for a few moments,) "everything„ is changed. I couldn't find anything as I remembered them in the docks, the streets or the alleys. I found an old aunty who remembered my name when I told her and she took me by the two hands and looked up into my face while she cried: 'You!!? Jeffer son Stewart! You? Yes, indeedy, I members youh pooh mother, my child, mother broke her heart and died, when she couldn't find you! She pined and pined, and when "the priest came to her poor bed an gib her de Blessed Saviour I was there, an' she turned to me and says: 'Rachel, if ever you meet my pooh boy on this earth, tell him his mother watches him day and night'—and then that night she died! I don't' know where they buried her, for it was war times and such things was done in a hurry.' "It was a hard blow, Father, a hard blow! I could only bow my head and take it—but then I thought I must get to the church my mother loved and be a good Catholic—for that's all I can do to please her, and Father, I had a lot of trouble finding this church, it is much changed, but here I am, and when I saw you out there in that box I wanted to speak to you, and ask you to help me be a good Catholic like my mother, so that I. can see her some day in heaven. Will yoa help me, Father?" Need I tell you my answer? My heart went out to that child-hearted, big, black man! I saw the grace of God had come to him through that poor old hard-working mother. Her teachings, her influence had guarded his life, and shaped his pathway to me, and I gave him all I could of in struction and assistance day after day until I left him, a true, fervent, prac tical Catholic! Where he is now I know not, but I firmly believe that his life is one that his mother in heaven is not ashamed of. The pathos in that negro's voice would have put to shame the tender est, deepest feeling expressed by cultivated white man, and I too felt my heart swell in sympathy, for knew he was telling a true^ simple fact. He went on: "Soon everything was quiet, and we, two, poor little darkies, put our arms around each other and wept our selves asleep. When it was daylight we were taken on deck, given some thing to eat and found ourselves sweeping out to the ocean. "We were taken to Charleston and Courtesy is the crowning grace of there sold at auction to different culture, the badge of the perfect gen planters. I remember my purchaser tleman, the fragrance of the flower of before he for me thrusting his womanhood Oh, Christian mothers of the pres ent generation, do you thus impress piety and faith on your children? Learn a lesson from this lowly negro mother and her stalwart son.— W. Alexander in The Missionary. PRENDERGAST BROS. PLUMBING, HEATING AND TINNING 20 East Sixth Street TIIOS. DAVIS SON& HEATING and PLUMBING (•N- Both PhoBM 155 W«at Third St A. T. I1ALL DRUGGIST Everything In the Drag Line SODA WATER, CIGARS AID SUNDRIES Fifth and St, Peter Sts, John H. Hoffman BUILDER and General Contractor 188-190 FORBES AVENUB Cor. W. Seventh. Street Office Phone: Tri-St ate 3870 Residence Phone: Tri-State 4914 ST. PAUL. MINN. Gasey Pure Milk Co. CLARIFIED A N PASTEURIZED Bottled Milk a Specialty All our herds that we re» ceive omr Milk from have had the tuberculosis test. Steamship Tickets to and from Europe at L0WESTJ8ATES Fire Insurance REAL ESTATE and LOANS Geo. W. Stenger 23 East Sixth Street CHARLES T. HELLER Prescription Druggist TWO STORES 484 486 WabuKt Street, Shubert Building-. St. Peter and Tenth Streets# Willard Hotel J. H. D0N6HUE GENERAL CONTRACTOR 660 Gilfiilan Block, ST. PAUL, MINN. P. J. SCHOLLERT INCORPORATED Painter and Decorator FLNE PAPER-HANGINGS BOTH PHONES 1285 494-496 ST. PETER STREET Corner Exchange ST.PAUL. MINNESOTA Announcement Dr. G. P. Foot e THE DENTIST Has opened a branch office on Day ton's Bluff over the Dayton's Blaff State Bank, comer of E. 7th and Reaney Sts. Office Hours: 8:30 to 11:30 Down Town Office: 305 N«W!M Bldg, East 5th and Minnmota Office Hours: 12:30 to 430 F. A. MA RON leal Estate and insurance BROKER. NOTARY PUBLIC Examiner of Abstracts. Wills sad other legal documents carefully executed. PROBATING OF ESTATES K SPECIALTY 518 New York Life Bldg. ST. PAUL, MINN. THE FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF ST. PAUL, MINNESOTA Cor, Fourth and flinnesota Streets UNITED STATES DEPOSITORY CRAWFORD LIVINGSTON Capitalist THOMAS A. MARLOW President National Bank of Montana, CAPITAL, $1,000,000 SURPLUS, $1,000,000 OPFICERS E. H. BAILY, President W. A. MILLER, Vice President E. N. SAUNDERS, Vice President F. A. NIENHAUSER, Cashier O. M. NELSON, Assistant Cashier I E O S JAMES J. HILL, Great Northern Railway. Co. HOWARD ELLIOTT. President Northern Pacific Railway. D. C. SHEPARD, Capitalist. H. E. THOMPSON, Capitalist. E. N. SAUNDERS, Vice-P. (Pres. Northwestern FCfel Co.) LOUIS W. HILL, President Great Northern Railway Co. F. P. SHEPARD, Capitalist. E. H. CUTLER, Noyes Bros. & Cutler, Wholesale Druggists CHAS. W. AMES, West Publishing Company. J. M. HANNAFORD Vfc»President Northern Pacific Ry. C«. GEORGE H. PRINCE Vice-President 3% BEN BAER,P»«. CHAS. H. P. SMITH BEN BAER C. C. EMERSON E. H. BAILEY, President. THEO. A SCHULZE, Foot, Schulze fc Co., Wholesale Boots A Shoes CHAS. W. GORDON, Gordon St Ferguson, Wholesale Furs, Hats,Ac. W. A. MILLER, Vice-President. HAYDN S. COLE, Vice-President Northwestern Trust Co. WATSON P. DAVIDSON, Capitalist. We solicit the accounts of banks, corporations, firms and individuals, and give prompt and careful attention to all business entrusted to us. The Merchants National Bank OF ST. PAUL, MINN. UNITED STATES DEPOSITORY CAPITAL $1.000,000.00 SURPLUS $800,000.00 KENNETH CLARK, President GEO. H. PRINCE, Vice-President H. W. PARKER, Cashier H. VAN VLECK, Asst. Cashier R. C. LILLY, Asst. Cashier DIRECTORS: KENNETH CLARK President W. B. PARSONS Vice-President Western Elevator Co., Winona Minn. LOUIS W. HILL President Great Northern Ry. Co. AMBROSE GUITERMAN GuitermanBros., Wholesale Men's Furnishings Capital National Bank, §™S^nkBidg. 303 JACKSON ST. JAMES H. SKINNER Lanpher, Skinner & Co., Wholesale Hats* Caps, Gloves, etc. E. N. SAUNDERS President Northwestern Fuel Co. V. M. WATKINS Trustee Wilder Estate CHARLES P. NOYES Noyes Bros. & Cutler, Wholesale Drugs L. P. ORDWAY General Manager Crane & Ordway Co. Ry., Mill and Plumbers Supplies FRANK B. KELLOGG Davis. Kellogg & Severance, Attorneys CHARLES H. BIGELOW President St. Paul Fire & Marine Ins. Co. Interest Paid on Time Deposits JOHN R. MITCHELL, Pres. WM. B. GEERY, Vice-Pres. JAS. L. MITCHELL, Cashier EDWARD H. MILLER, Ass't Cashier GEORGE M. BRACK, Ass't Cashier. The Capital National Bank IS THE BANK equipped to handle all classes of business. Checking accounts of corporations, firms and individuals solicited, and will receive every favor and courtesy con sistent with conservative banking. Oar Savings Department Pays interest at the rate of 3% per an This department is equipped in every way to handle your savings account. Separate Department for ladies Northern Savings Bank AMERICAN NATIONAL BANK BUILDING Cor. Fifth and Cedar Streets ST. PAUL, MINN. We offer yon the facilities of this Institution for savinos accoonts OFFICERS: HAROLD THORSON, Vice-Pres. TRUSTEES: OTTO BREMBR JAS H. WE»D We Pay 3£% Interest On Deposits LUTHER S. CUSHING REALR ESTATE BROKER, MORTGAGE LOANS FIRE INSURANCE CARE AND MANAGEMENT OF PROPERTY ENDICOTT-ROSSKT STRSCT BUILDING ST. PAUL. MINN. HARRT H. FLETCHER WILLIAM M. STEPHENSON FLETCHER & STEPHENSON FIRE INSURANCE Corner Fifth and Robert Streets ST. PAUL L. H. ICKLBR, CaaMer HAROLD THORSON C. J. PEEPLES L. H. ICKLBR Ut rl/.V ST. PAUL, MINN.