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8 QUESTION if ANSWER. Sn this department, questions of general interest in regard to religion will be^_ answered each week in the order in which they are received. All communi- cations'must be signed, though the name will not be published. Address! ^Question and Answer", car". The Catholic Bulletin, 315 Newtca Bldg., St. PanL 1. Are the Knights of Pythias for bidden by the Church? If so, are its Catholic members allowed to receive the Sacraments and are Catholics al lowed to attend meetings held by the same? 2. In the Rosary of the Bless* ed Sacrament wh'at is meant by re peating, Jesus in the Blessed Sacra ment have mercy on ua, "every time the clock strikes." 1. The Knights of Pythias is one of the secret societies which the Church forbids Catholicte to join. The others are the Odd Fellows, the Sons of Tem perance, and, of course, the Freema sons. No Catholic can be a Knight of Pythias and at the same time receive the Sacraments of the Church unless he fulfils the conditions laid down for those who belonged to this organiza tion before the condemnation and have what is known as vested rights in it. These conditions are, that he must not publicly identify himself with the so ciety by attending its meetings or hold ing any official position, but merely pay his dues, and that he secure from his Archbishop permission to remain In the order on these conditions. 2. Hie beads of the Blessed Sacrament which are composed of a medal and thirty-three grains, in honor of the thirty-three years of our Lord's life, are recited by saying "Jesus in the Blessed Sacrament have mercy on us" on the medal and on each of the beads. There is no necessity of saying this ejaculation "every time the clock strikes" in order to gain the indul gence. Of course, one is free to do it if one wishes and it is a pious practice to do so, but it is not required in or der to comply with the conditions for gaining the indulgence for reciting the beads of the Blessed Sacrament. This indulgence was increased from one hundred days for each repetition of the invocation to three hundred days by His Holiness Pope Pius on May 31,1911. What proof is there: 1. That we ought to pray to the Blessed Virgin Mary? 2. That the Virgin Mary was born without sin? 3. That St. Peter had no wife? 4. That priests should not marry? 5. That St. Peter was Bishop of Rome? 6. That the Pope is the Vicar of Chrlat, or the successor of St. Peter? 1. Because of her dignity as Mother of God the Blessed Virgin holds first place among the saints and, nat urally, has the greatest influence with her divine Son. The Bible teaches that the saints have pow er to hear and help us and, therefore, we ought to pray to them. Since this is true regard to the faints in general, how much more so IB it in regard to the Blessed Virgin Mary. Consult the following refer ences in the Old and New Testament regard to the intercessory power of the saints: Genesis XVIII Exodus XVII Job XLII Tobias XII, 12 JBacharias I, 12 Romans XV, 30 Ep ilesians VI, 18 I Thessolanians V, 25 |ames V, 16. Apart from the Scrip 4jfciral foundation for having recourse 10 the Blessed Virgin Mary as an in ., tfercessor, reason and common sense piroclaim the utility of praying to the Jfiother of God if we would obtain spe dal favors from her divine Son, for as He honored her upon earth, as His fiother, so also He honors her in eaven and will not turn a deaf ear '|b her petitions in behalf of those Whom He has redeemed by His death *%n the cross. 2. Reason tells us that It was eminently fitting that the wom an chosen to be the mother of the Saviour should be free from every atain of sin. Our Christian instinct ittiakes any other supposition abhor ffent to us. The traditional teaching of the Church regards the statement rpt Genesis III, 15), "I will put en jjhities between thee and the woman And thy seed and her seed she shall «rush thy head and thou shall lie in "Wait for her heel," as applicable to the Blessed Virgin Mary, the second Eve "between whom and Satan there was to be an absolute and perpetual enmity, such as could exist only on the sup position that the Blessed Virgin was free from every stain of sin, not mere ly from the time of her birth, but from the very first moment of her Conception. This -Is implied also in the salutation of the Archangel Ga $riel who announced to her that she "%ad been chosen to be the mother of flod. His "Hail, full of grace" connotes (he possession of grace in its fullest fend absolute sense and this can only fee true if the Blessed Virgin Mary was Conceived without sin. 3. Holy Scripture furnishes no proof that St "Peter "had no wife." On the contrary In the passages where reference is made to the illness of his mother-in law, it implies that he was married -St Peter was, undoubtedly, .married but tradition declares that he did not live with his wife after he received the divine call to follow the Saviour and preach the Gospel. 4. Holy Scrip ture nowhere states that a priest must be an unmarried man. The law of Celibacy is a disciplinary regulation Imposed by the Church upon all who take upon themselves the duties and responsibilities of the priesthood. It is not a difficult matter to see how appropriate it is that a priest should be an unmarried man, and this obliga tion to lead a life of celibacy imposes no unreasonable restriction upon the f„,Individual, because whoever has a di tg^ine vocation to the priesthood and y- ihakes up his mind to follow it knows ^that he will have to bind himself to ob serve this law of the Church if he would be a priest. If he does not ac cept this, then he cannot take upon t. imself the duties of the priesthood. This is a matter of history and all .Unprejudiced historians, even among Protestants, admit that there is no denying the fact that St. Peter lived In Rome and was Bishop of that See. 6. That the Pope, or Bishop of Rome, Is 'the successor of St. Peter, is a fact capable at being historically proved. The line of succession can be traced without a break from pope Pius X, now gloriously reigning, to St. Peter, the first Pope and Bishop of Rome, who was appointed to that position by Christ Himself when he said: "Thou are Peter and upon this rock I will build my Church," "Feed my lambs feed my sheep." Christ made Peter His vicar aid representative upon earth and this primacy of power and jurisdiction has been transmitted to his successors in the See of Rome. What Is the reason that Catholic priests are against Socialism? Because Socialism as taught by its founders and recognized exponents is not only anti-Catholic but anti-Chris tian. Memorial Day Lyric. x. (Written, for-The Cathollqr Bulletin by Alvatlsene.) From North to South thro* this broad land One task is ours today, To honor those who long have slept In shrouds of blue and gray. O'er graves of loved and mouldering forms We scatter garlands gay, The sweetest tributes earth can boast, A nation's flowers of May. In action hot or camp bivouac Those brothers, strung so high. With swelling hearts and purpose fixed, Were e'er prepared to die. And when, Potomac's waves between, On either side they lay, One prayed for victory for the Blue, The other for the Gray. Long since the gun on Sumpter fired, Awoke a startled world, And the tri-barred flag with seven stars Was to breezes soft unfurled. Long since the South laid down her arms And Lee to Grant gave way, And once again beneath one flag, Stood ranks of Blue and Gray. And in the later conflicts which Our nation had since then, The South, as well as North, sent forth Ranks of blue-coated men To battle 'neath a tropic sky, Where many sleep today, Whose graves no tender flowers may deck, Their nation's fiower3 of May. Ttyen scatter flowers and plant the flag Upon the hallowed mound That hides a coat of blue or gray,' And think it sacred ground Whereon a tear, in pity's name, Ts shed for Blue or Gray, Or loving hands their tributes bring, A nation's flowers of May. THE OLDEST AND THE YOUNGEST MEMBERS OF THE HOUSE HAIL FROM CHICAGO AND BOSTON. Representatives Thomas Gallagher of Chicago and William F. Murray of Boston are the oldest and youngest Catholic members of the House, re spectively. Mr. Gallagher was born in Concord N. H., in 1850, and moved to Chicago in 1860, and learned the trade of iron molder. In 1878 he entered the hat business, and is a director of the Wendell State Bank. He is now serv ing his third successive term in Con gress. Mr. Murray, who for a long time was known as the "baby of the House," is, perhaps, now the youngest Catholic of that body, for he was born on Sep tember 7,1881, at Boston, and received the degree of Bachelor of Arts from Harvard College in 1904, and gradu ated from the Harvard Law School in 1906, and has since practiced law in Boston. During the Spanish-American war, and when only sixteen years of age, he served in the United States volunteer signal corps. Before his election to Congress Mr, Murray was elected successively to the Boston city council, the Massachu setts House of Representatives and the Governor's.Council of Massachu s e s IRISH MEMOIIIIL tfOftUMENT TO SHIPWRECKED EXILES WILL BE UNVEILED AT COHASSET, MASS., ON DECORA TION DAY* Hie people of Cohasset, Mass., N are making great preparations for the un veiling of a monument on Decoration Day in memory of the Irish exiles who, on their way to St. John, N. B., were shipwrecked in Cohasset harbor fifty years ago. The memorial will be unveiled in the Central cemetery by Miss Tessie St. John, the only living descendant of the sole survivor of the catastro phe. Governor. Walsh will be the principal speaker. The chaplain for the occasion will be the pastor, Rev. F. A. Brogan, who will offer the gray er. It is expected that seven thou sand Hibernians from all over the state will take part in the solemn pro cessfon. In the evening there will be a banquet in the town bill. THE CONVERT'S STOMr EX-SENATOR LORIMER OF CHICA GO TELLS THE STORY OF HIS ,. CONVERSION TO ©ATHOLICITY. I A few weeks ago we announced the reception of Ex-Senator Lorimer of Chicago into the Catholic Church. He gives the following interesting account of his journey from Presbyterianism to Catholicity: "I hoped that when I became a Catholic nothing might be written or said about it. There are so many conversions every day, including men and women far more prominent than am, and I trusted that my religious convictions, at least, would be left to me alone," said Mr. Lorimer in his office in La Salle Street, For more than fifteen years I have read every book on the subject of con troversial theology that I could get," he continued. "I felt, at last, that the only thing for me to do was to be come a Catholic because of my honest convictions. I have traveled over the same route that many others have gone. I did not want to join the Cath olic Church, but I felt compelled to investigate, and the deeper my re search the more settled my convic tions became. So I am a Catholic in spite of myself. 'I was born in Scotland, the son of Presbyterian minister, and a very strict Presbyterian, too. I went to Sunday school until I was twenty years old, and all the time I heard nothing but condemnation of the Cath olic Church. I grew to hate it and to fear it. It «?as my hatred of it that led to my conversion, for I argued with myself: 'How can a thing so evil as they say the Catholic Church is continue to exist? How can an insti tution the deeds of which are said to be so vile and self-seeking continue to cumber the earth?' I began my in quiry as an enemy. I entered the lists as a champion of the Protestant cause. I found that the Church was not evil, but good. I discovered that there was nothing to 'protest' against, and I be came convinced that when one starts out to find truth in religion one will come at last to the Catholic Church, no matter how strong one's prejudice may be. Year after year I read all the books I could get, I studied the life of Cardinal Newman. I devoured his 'Apologia,' and found out how he struggled for two years after he left the Church of England before he final ly did the thing he hoped not to do and became a Catholic. I read of the conversion of Cardinal Manning and many others. And then of course I had the example always before my eyes of my wife and children, who were Catholics and attended strictly to their religious duties. I began my investigation at the be ginning. If Caesar lived, if Nero lived, then Christ must have lived. They are all historical characters and the fact that tjiey lived is well established. The arguments that some advance that Christ was an impostor were suc cessfully refuted for me by the fact that He went to the cross. If He had been an impostor He might have said so, and His enemies would gladly have set Him free and laughed His follow ers to scorn. But He died. If He was mad ag some say He was then how was it that of all the minds of His day His was the brightest and clear est and the philosophy He taught was the most profound and lasting of all the doctrines of that age or any other? "So, admitting Christianity to be a vital truth, I found thatvthe Church has been the conservator of truth for centuries, and that when the storms came and beat against it, the Church stood like a rock, while other creeds rose and fell and split into fragments. Recently I have seen upon the bill boards pictures calling upon men and women to take their little children to church. Catholics need no such ap peal. They always go to church as a part of their religious duty in which they cannot fail. I found my admira tion growing and my conviction strengthening until at last I, too, had to do the thing for conscience sake that I had struggled against doing for fifteen years, because for all that time I have felt that I ought to do tile thing I have just done. "I do not know that I am any better now than I have been. I just feel that I am touching back to apostolic times as a member of the same Church that Christ founded and to which He said He would send His. spirit so as to guide it unto all-truth." NEW COTU SOCIETY CONVERT CLERGYMEN FORM AS SOCIATION IN ENGLAND FOR MUTUAL BENEFIT. istL The Cuthbert-Mayne Society is xne latest Catholic organization to he formed in England. It is" for convert clergymen, and is named after Blessed Cuthbert-Mayne, Proto-Martyr of the English Seminarists, who was, pre vious to being received at Douay into the Catholic Church, a minister of the Established Church of England at St. John's College, Oxford. He was mar tyred at Launceston, November 29, 1577. The objects of the society are to create mutual friendship and social intercourse amongst those who have been through the same experiences, and especially to extend a welcome to all convert clergymen. The society is private, but not secret* members not being required to make its transac tions public. Papers, lectures, discus sions, and quarterly meetings are fea tures of the society. The first meeting is announced for June 24, at the Salisbury Hotel. Mr. C. S. Selby-Hall, formerly incumbent of St Saviour's Sunbury Common, the secretary, with Father Phillip Fletch er, chairman of the committee, are tbaking the arrangement*. ,,/V" CATHOLIC BULLETIN, MAY 30, 1914. Co. Atkinson, E. E., & Co. Ante's Laundry. Anthony, H. American Business College. American Linen Company. American Tent & Awning Co. |Lox Long. Anderson Electric Car Co. American Security Investment £,?ley & Kelly. American National Bank. Ardmore Electric Co. Breen Stone Co. Brown, F. H. Boosalis, Geo. D. Berwind Fuel Co. Bremer, Otto. Bremer, Adolph. Brinkman Plating Co. Babcock, C. J., Mfg. Co. Bell, D. C., Investment Co. Brooks-Evans Piano Co. Bemis Bros. Bag Co. Baumann, Urban L. Black Hills Alfalfa Co. Beck, Geo. A. Benziger Bros. Byron & Willard Co. C. Crane Co. Conrad, W. S., Co. Cushing & DriscolL Cirkler Drug Stored Cunard Steamship E. Eberhart, Gov. A. O. Electric Short Line Ry. East Side Bank. Exchange Headquarters. Ecklund Clothing Co. Electric Construction Co. Eckes, Leonard E. Ehrmantraut, C. J. S Plumbing Co. Condon, E. St. J. Crocker, Mary E. Central. Provision Co. Connelly & McDevltt. Central Floral Co. Crozier, Perry E. Co-operative Laundry Co. Columbus College, lain, S. D. Central Bowling Alleys. D. Dassett, F. D. Downess, P. J., Co. Dayton Dry Goo da Co. Dailey & Fraser. Donaher-Holton Co. Devereux, W. P., Co. Davis Und. Co. Daprato Statuary Co. a Firs^ National Bank of G. Grfggs, Cooper & Co. Gray, W. I., & Co. Gray, Fred L., Co. Gedney, M. A., Co. Grathwol Cigar Co. Green & De Laittre Co. Giesen, Martin. Grady, M. J. Gleason, J. M. Gill, M. J. Glessner-Washburn Co. Great Westerh Stove & Repair Groves & Sons. Glenwood-Inglewood Co. Great Northern Land &, Im provement Co. German-American Bapk. H. Holm & Olson. Howard, Farwell & Co. Home Lunch Co: Chamber- Hudson, J. B., & Son. Hackner, E., Co. Howes, C. P., & Co. Hydraulic Press Brick Co. Hansen, A. Hume & Ziegler. Holtzerman, L. J. Hoye & Casey. Heinrick, F. W. Hill, Geo. V. B. Hennepin Laundry Co. Hennessy, P. M., Const Co. Hardenbergh, P. R. L., & Co. Hennepin County Bank. A BRILLIANT COURSE OF LEC TURES ON THE LATE CARDINAL NEWMAN—SON OF A DISTIN GUISHED FATHER—NEWMAN'S MORBID SENSITIVENESS. (Written for The Catholic Bulletin by Cecil Underwood.) The son of William George Ward, the nestor of theological discussion in old Tractarian days, was welcomed to Oxford recently, and opened a course of lectures on the subject of Cardinal Newman. It is a theme that has perennial interest for the University notwithstanding the lapse of years. If the ghost of the great Cardinal could revisit this seat of learning, how many changes would be noted in the religious belief and sentiment of pro fessors and pupils here today all men are calling themselves Catholic, where as in Newman's student years the mere mention of the word Catholic, was almost enough to start a riot. Now people talk freely about going to Mass and to confession—religious ob servances that excited the utmost horror a century ago. By a delightful bit of irony, one must be careful now not to mention the word, Protestant, for it is a mark of the Beast it smacks of heresy and rebellion and therefore it is tabooed in the polite circles of the university. The vulgar nonconformists or "chapel-people" may still use it simply because they are "vulgar" and "unrefined." All the vials of wrath once poured out upon the Catholic name are now emptied upon that "misbegotten child of the Reformation"—Protestantism. If the head of the departed Tractarian could revisit Oxford, such changes would be noted—and many more. William George Ward. Wilfrid Ward has every right to lec ture at Oxford. His distinguished fa ther helped to bear the brunt of the Tractarian battle. And although it may have been exaggerated praise to say of him, as Faber wrote, "were there even a few hearts like his, this university would already become the hoped-for heaven still one must re member the courageous stand he took at a time when it required all the moral heroism of the martyrs to avow one's Catholic belief how he always struck from the shoulder, returning blow for blow how he constantly urged Newman on and helped him to conquer his timidity and sensitiveness until the final step was taken how he made use of the position he occu pied as professor of theology and philosophy to instil Catholic views into the minds of the rising genera tion. Ward is aptly described by Tennyson: "Strongest of ultramontanes, Ward, So faithful in the following of Thy Lord." Wilfrid Ward. The subject-matter of the lectures is sufficient of itself to draw a large audience of students, aside from any attraction the personality of Wilfrid Ward may exert. And it must be ad mitted that the son does not possess in any marked degree the positive and magnetic qualities of the father, al though he does possess a finer literary style, a keener appreciation of aesthe tic values and a larger knowledge of the world of books. Perhaps because he has been so long Immersed in the latter, he now finds it so difficult to move with ease and grace amid the world of men. There is a certain charm of manner which must be ac quired by long and constant contact with society—a charm one looks for in vain within the musty corridors of the old library or in the bearing of the scholar and the recluse. However, it jmrald be unfair to Mr. Ward to de» Iryln, v. R., Co. Joesting & Schilling Co. Johnston, Robt. A., Co. Japan Art & Novelty Im Jefferson, R. C., Lumber WILFRID WARD AT OXFORD BUYERS' GUIDE Below we append a list of merchants and individuals whom we wish to thank for their co-operation in the special edition of THE CATHOLIC BULLETIN. It is due largely to their liberality that we were enabled to publish the historical review contained in its pages. They are in every way worthy of the patronage of our readers and we trust this list will be consulted when purchases are about to be made. We have printed it here so that those who may wish to keep it for future reference may do so without mutilating the special edition. K. P. K. Nye, W. G. Swett, A. H. Flour City Fuel & Transfer Kennedy Bros. Arms Co. Co®™ Filbert, Geo. H. KnYbS'ft'scherrer. gain's Co®0' Co. Foote Lumber Co. Co. Finn, Thomas. Frost, W. A., & Co. First National Bank, Minne- Co. Kronick's Cleaning & Dyeing Northern Candy & Cracker Keller & Roensch. Klenert Bros. Kelly, H., & Co. Kearney, J. Alfred. Lowrv, Horace. Fixture^ Equipment Co. otto*61" Still- Friend, Chas., & Son. Fitzgerald, M. W, Foot, Jesse, & Co. C° La£fo™r Hotel Lundh, J. A. Lydon-B^'ck^r Manufacturing rhf™, Latham, R. A. Lorenz, Wm. Lee & Hoff Mfg. Co. Lee, James E. Bf. Minnesota Weatherproof Calking Co. Minneapolis Trust Co. Minnesota Trust Co. Minneapolis Clearing Banks. Morgan-Ecklund Co. Maurud, C. J., Co. Minneapolis Packing Co. Menzel, B. B., & Co. Savings May, L. L., & Co. Minneapolis Steam Laundry. nr. Northwestern Knitting Co. Nelson, B. F., Mfg. Co. Northwestern Music House. North Star Woolen Mills Co. Northern Electrical Co. Northwestern Casket Co. ID. Co. Newell, Geo. R., & Co. Co. Nicollet Hotel. clare that he is a pronounced failure as a lecturer and public entertainer. In some respects indeed his personality is charming there is present the need ful amount of sweetness and light ex pected of a man of letters. His mind neither so acute nor so profound as that of his father is nevertheless as fully absorbed and interested in re ligious questions. While firmly con vinced of the truth of his position, he would refrain from the drastic meth ods of the elder Ward who without scruple could lay violent hands upon a heretic. Newman's Morbid Sensitiveness. Wilfrid Ward will add but little in these lectures to our store of knowl edge already gained from his pub lished life of the great Cardinal. One point, perhaps, may be brought out in stronger relief—the Cardinal's almost morbid sensitiveness which is linked to his triumphs as well as his failures. Here is an excerpt: "Bishop Ulla thorne once wrote that Newman ap peared to be living under a dispensa tion of mortification. If Newman had any special claim to be accounted a saint, it was the uncomplaining resig nation with which he took successive and crushing disappointments which appeared to destroy the usefulness of his life. "This sensitiveness was the source at once of his great achievement and of his failures, of his greatest joys of life and his greatest suffering. It was the personal magnetism due to his highly-wrought nature, and delicate perceptions which was in great part the secret of his power at Oxford. "Newman's extraordinary physical sensitiveness is a counterpart of his sensitive intellectual perceptions and is Illustrated in many ways. Though he drank sparingly, his taste for wine was so delicate that he chose the wine for the Oriel cellars. His mu sical ear was so keen, and music such an intense delight to him that often when he played Beethoven's quartets on the violin, he would break down and sob aloud—overcome by emotion. "His sensitiveness to odors and colors and the charm of nature, link ing his extraordinary intellect to a keen aesthetic appreciation of beauty is revealed in all his writings. 'Cor ad Cor loquitur' was a motto chosen with a keen insight into his own character. "To sum up: Newman's tempera ment did not suit a man of action who must be stern and hard and al most brutal to meet the buffets of the world. It suited rather the scholar, the recluse, the interpreter of intellec tual movements, not the actual leader of men." THE CHEVRON FATHER SHERMAN LEADS FORMATION Or MILITARY SOCIETY. IN The Soeiety of the Chevron is being organized by Rev. Thomas Sherman, S. J., son of the late Gen. William Tecumseh Sherman, U. S. A. Thd officers and active members are to be sergeants. "The sergeants of the army know better than any one else what the needs of the men are," says Father Sherman. "The Chevron will be a military order, which will help the en listed men, but it will not be entirely devoted to benevolent purposes. The social and patriotic sides will, of course, be prominent. It is our in tention to co-operate with other army societies and we believe that the in formation we can supply will be gladly made use of by those other organiza tions." Electric & Mother's Macaroni Co. Metal Shelter Co. McCarthy & Son. Minneapolis Floral Co. Model Plating Co. Minneapolis Plating Co. Murray Cure Institute Co. Massolt Bottling Co. Mortoccio Macaroni Co. Martinson. O. Minneapolis Costume Co. Minnesota Chandelier Co. AGENTS WANTED. Capable and energetic solicitors wanted in every parish to canvass for The Catholic Bulletin. A money making proposition. Now is the time to secure territory. For terms, etc., write, The Catholic Bulletin, 315 New ton Building, St. Paul, Minn. a BUCK, iHORN Equlp" W' Nolan, J. C. National Bank of ^Commerce. O. Olsen, Chas., & Co. Olson-BOettger Electric Co. O'Brien & Dally. O'Brien, C. D. P. C°' Pillsbury, Chas. L. Princess Confectionery Store. Powers Meat Dept. Purdy, F. A. Peter, Louis H. Price, Bobbins & Newton. Roach, Tisdale & Co. Rogers Hotel. Rauch & Lang Electric House Matson, N. A., Co. Ringer, C. W., Robertson, Jas. Rietzke & Co. Ramsey County. Bank. Minneapolis Dry Goods Co. Ries, Geo. J. 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