Newspaper Page Text
kOerr. .GLEANINGS THE INNER AND THE OUTER IRE LAND. By George W. Russell ("A. E.") Pearson's Magazine. I am trying to explain the mood of my countrymen today. I think high ly of them but I do not think "'reland is by any means an Island of Saints, and things have been done by Irish men which I at least will not attempt to defend. That may be because I am a pacifist by nature and I prefer to use intellectual and spiritual forces' rather than physical force. But it is only fair to say that two years of raids, arrests and imprisonments, of which there were many thousands, preceded the adoption of their present method by the Volunteers. If it ever is right to use physical force, which I doubt, because I feel there are other ways by which right can find its ap propriate might, then, when consider ing the tragic happenings during the past year in Ireland, praise or con demnation can only rightly be award ed when we have decided who have a right to govern Ireland, the Irish people or the English people But where does the right of England to govern Ireland come f^m? On what is it based? Not on the will of the Irish people certainly. On ancient possession? But it is not generally conceded that a burglar who ,has long had stolen property is the more en titled to it the longer he possesses it As to Ulster. "Oh," it will be said, "there is Ul ster!" Ulster is "Unionist. Even in that province the balance of opinion is so 'even that the whole province could not be included in an Ulster Parliament lest it might at once vote itself in with a Southern Parliament. It is certain that if the Ulster coun ties were allowed to vote freely —hether they would unite with Na tionalist Ireland not more than four would remain out, and I think it high ly probable that only three* would so vote. This would make the partition of Ireland so ludicrous that free vot ing was not allowed, and counties predominantly Sinn Fein were includ ed against their wish with the Ulster Unionist counties. The British Gov ernment which partitioned Ireland ostensibly because the Ulster people desired it, did not dare to aliow a vote to be taken by the people in the counties included. Why the "Two Nation" Theory Was Started. I think the British Government de sired to retain a garrison in Ireland. The aristocracy were first it3 garri son. W^th the downfall of feudalism the aristocracy lost its power and a new garrison had to be found, ^so Ul ster was informed that Nationalist Ireland would tyrannize over u and rob it, and the "two nation" theory was started in Great Britain and given effect to in the last Home Rule bill. I think the government has overreached itself, 'and in three years Ulster, even the now Unionist Ulster, will be as strongly anti-British as the rest of Ireland. If a contented Ulster garri son was wanted, the financial^ provi sions of the act should have been such as recommended themselves to Ulster business men. But the six counties after providing for their own services have to pay a tribute of £7,920,000 ($3,940,000) to Great Britain early. This sum was1 fixed in a time of in flated prices and profits, when ship building and the manufacture of linen for aeroplanes during the war gave Ulster a fictitious and temporary pros perity. Now its textile industry is in a very Jbad way and there are thou sands of unemployed. The Belfast Chamber of Commerce declared that the whole of Ireland could not rightly pay a larger tribute than £5,000,000 ($25,000,000) The fact that six Ulster r* e'OKtmuvm *0* t« r*«r t*N in The Irish character anciently was full of charm. The people were lively, imaginative and sympathetic, the best talkers possible, but their very power of sympathy and understanding, their capacity of seeing both sides of a case, made them politically weak. The oppression of the last years has made a deep and I believe an endur ing change in thAt character. It has strengthened the will. The politioal rebels I meet today are the highest types of Irishmen I have met in my life of 54 years. I think of these young men, so cheerful, so determin ed, so self-sacrificing, and I grow more mid more confident that "something great must come out of a race which produces such men in multitude. I think the rank and file are even finer than their leaders. But perhaps I should not say that. The real leaders are unknown almost. It is not a time when orators can make their voices heard. The press publishes a daring utterance only at the risk of sup pression, and many papers have been suppressed. It is impossible to hold political meetings. Those who lead and inspire are nameless. They work in secret. They can only "convince by their presence." But I divine ardent and selfless leadership because of the spirit of the rank and file, just as when I see the clouds warm at dawn I know the glow comes from a yet hidden sun. The Paddy of British caricature, based on the Handy Andys, Micky Frees and Charley O'Malleys of old novels, if there ever were ori ginals of this type, have certainly left no successors. I find only a quiet, de termined, much enduring people, so lit tle given to speech that it is almost impossible to find among Sinn Feiners an orator who would attract a crowd or speak of Irish wrongs as the Red monds, Sextons, O'Briens and Dillons of the last generation did. Ireland has become for the present all will. I have no doubt when a settlement comes that the ancient charms of imagination and sympathy will be re newed, but they will spring out of a deeper life and literature, art and so ciety will gain. What Right Has England in Ireland? WAYSIDE^ counties have to find that and more than half as much again w'li if I know my Ulster countrymen, work like madness in the brain. They will see the wealth they create drained away every year to be spent in England to pay English workingmen while their own are unemployed. No, the Ulster problem is not realiy serious. If it was the British Government would have let Ulster counties vote accord ing to their desires. As to the Possibility of a Settlement. Is there any possibility of a settle ment? I think Ireland truly d'&ires to be at peace with its neighbor and once it achieved the freedom it desired, it would forget the past. Great Britain is the natural market for Irish pro ducts. All Irishmen recognize that. Irishmen can get along quite well with individual Englishmen, who are good fellows as a rule. But England as represented by its government they mistrust and will have nothing to do with. I was going to say it was Prus sian in its methods with Ireland, but that would be unfair to the Prussians, for, so far as I know, in thei^ treat ment of Poles or Alsatians there was nothing comparable in ferocity to the present British oppression of Ireland. Indeed, the Prussian oppression of Poles or Alsatians appears in com parison mere ordinary good-natured government. What is to be the end of the Anglo-Irish conflict? I do not know. I am inclined to think that as between Ireland and Great Britain there never will be any settlement. The last is too greedy for Irish money and trade to let them slip out of its control, and too terrified of a powerful Irish Nation alongside it to allow Ireland freedom to develop and increase its population to the ten or twelve millions who might naturally inhabit it. Ireland, as its history shows, will be content with nothing less than complete freedom over its own affairs. Only some third factor arising out of world circumstance can make that freedom possible, it is not that British statesmen could not in the past have made Ireland friendly and contented inside the B~ltisj Com monweath, but they would not. When they dealt with Ireland they could not rise to the noble conception of their empire as a commonwealth of fiee na tions developing freely endless varie ties of culture and civilization. They allowed this in respect of Canada, Aus tralia, New Zealand and South Africa, countries they could Hot hope to hold long by physical force in subjection to Westminster politics. But, where the race was alien as \n Ireland, Egypt or India, the ideal was not up held, and hence it .is that these three countries are in a blaze against their oppressors. I do not think the demo cracy of one coftntry can rightly rule the democracy of another country. An autocrat conceivably might rule sub ject nations with success because the individual can be appealed to, moved or educated. But who could attempt the task of educating forty million people about the needs of another race. It would be ^easier tc get the mythical camel through the eye of" a needle than to get into the brain of one of those forty millions th3 needs of the four hundred millions in their empire. The drop cannot contain the ocean. No democracy American, French, German or Italian could gov ern Ireland against its will with more success than the English. They would all be forced to adopt the same meth ods if they insisted on their right as overlords. I believe the British Gov ernment is prepared to wreck every city in Ireland rather than allow Ire land the freedom it desires. No other nation is going to intervene. Why the Phrase, "A Domestic Prob lem," Was Invented. A man will prevent a bully kicking a child in the street, but all nations are licensed by other nations to deal with their subject nationalities as they "'A ,. ,A domestic prob-jdown lem," was invented to express this license, and is a recognition of the truth Neitzsche proclaimed when he said, "The state Is the coldest of all cold monsters." In ancient Greece a slave who was ill-treated had the right to be sold to another master, but the subject nation has no world tribunal to appeal to, nothing but the Master of Life, that indefinable some thing we surmise in the government of the Cosmos. So here in Ireland people endure grimly, without hope of any other nation's intervention, wait-i ing for world circumstance to enable them to escape from their conquer ors, or for the mills of God to come at last in their grinding to the British Empire as they came to the Roman Empire, the Chaldean and othrv em pires whose sins and magnificence have sunk far behind time. Nations Denied Freedom Cannot Ful fill Their Destiny. ,• I am trying to interpret th3 mood of my countrymen rather than to ex press my own feelings. For myself I do not care whether I am governed from Moscow or Pekin if my country men are happy. I am by profession an artist ^nd man of letters, and I complete freedom of Ireland will come surely and some who are now living will see it. It will come through world circumstance, not becau&e Ire land will have grown powerful enough by itself to win its independence, or because Great Britain will have be come generous enough to allow free dom to the people who loathe its dominion over them. Perhaps when Irish people have suffered enough and paid the price in sacrifice they will win the truly good things which come from sacrifice. There may be a Justice which weighs the offering and has powep to enforce its decrees. THE CHILDREN'S HOUR. THE WAY HOME. One summer afternoon two little sisters, Ray and Cassie, started out to waljc. They both wore big hats to shade them from the sun, and each had a gingersnap tucked into the pocket of her apron. Their plan was to walk down only to the edge of the woods that lay at the end of the gardln, but soon they began to chase butterflies, and after that they forgot to notic8 where they were going. They ran in and out among the trees, on and on, far ther and farther, until all at once they found that they were lost. It was growing dark in the woods, and the gingersnaps were gone. Ray and Cassie were hungry and a little frightened. "We must ask some one to show us the way home," said Cassie. "But there's no one to ask," said little Ray. They sat down on some moss and looked round them. Suddenly a big yellow butterfly that they had been chasing, lighted on a bush near by. "Butterfly, butterfly," Ray said soft ly, "do you know the way home? We want to go to bed." "Bed? Bed?" said the butterfly "Come with me I know where there is a beautiful flower bed, big enough for you both." "Oh, dear, no!" said Ray. "We mean a real bed with pillows and sheets." "Never heard 6f such a thing," an swered the butterfly. Then he flew to a vine and sat there waving his beautiful wings. "And we want our supper/' said Cassie. The butterfly opened and shut his wings. "You like honey, I suppose, he said. "I'll show you a bush that's full of it—the best I've seen this sea son. You may help yourselves." "But we can't eat honey that way!" cried the children. "That's the way I eat it," cried the butterfly a little crossly, and away he flew. A squirrel came racing round the foot of a tree. He stopped short and stared at the children with his bright little eyes. "What's the matter?" he asked. "You are lost? Then come home and spend the night with me. I'll give you lots of nuts for supper—hazelnuts, hickory nuts, chestnuts, butternuts all you can eat." The chillren brightened at that. They jumped to their feet. "Where do you live?" "Just follow me," the squirrel an swered. He was off like a gray flash. A moment later the two little girls heard him calling high above their heads, "Just up this jtree, down the second branch to the pine, Vne good jump—and we're home!" Ray and Cassie gazed at him in much dismay. "We can't run up the tree," they said. "We ngver could in the world." "Well, that's the way I get home," said the little squirrel, and he, too, seemed cross. On he ran down the second branch of the tree to the pine and was gone. A bird had been watching the chil dren from an opposite tree, and now he flew down to & branch just above their heads. "I never could run up trees like that- either,— she said. "You can spend the night with me. 'That's my .,. .nest up there you shall cuddle right aod rest whlle tad 8 „mething for supper—worms, or bugs." At that, Cassie began to cry. "I won't eat bugs!" she said. "It's what I eat," answered the bird. "Come on! Fly right after me." "But we can't fly," Ray objected. "We can't get there that way." "It's the way I get there," said the bird, and she spread her wings and soared away. "That bird has no sense," raid a little voice suddenly. "How ridicu lous to ask you to spend the night in fa nest at the top of a tree! Now my nest is snug and warm on the ground." It was a little field mouse that spoke the children had to lool^ twice before they saw her. "And how foolish," the field mouse went on, "to offer you bugs and worms. I know all about children. My cousins lived one winter in a nursery, and they told me what chil dren eat. Come into my "nest* and I'll find you something." "Where is your nest?" inquired Cassie and Ray, much relieved. "Why, right here! Don't you see? I'm sitting in .it now." "But that's too small to hold us," said Ray regretfully. "I'm very sor- find the consolations of life in things ry," she added. with which governments cannot in- -The field mouse looked disappoint terfere, in the light and beauty the Earth puts forth for her children The words "republic" or "empirs' are opaque words to me. I cannot see ed. "It's big enough for me," she said, and she shut her little bright eyes and pretended to be asleep\ through them to any beauty or majes- a rabbit. "Lots of room at my place, ty to which they inevitably lead But and warm as toast," he said. "Right I do believe in freedom. If the uni-!at the foot of that big treev Snuggle verse has any meaning at all it exists right in." for the pufposes of soul, and men or I But the children shook their heads nations denied essential freedom can-j sorrowfully. "We could **never, never not fulfil their destiny. in. the world sleep in the grass," they Complete Freedom of Ireland Assured.! declared. "We want to go home!" I do not write wishing Americans to i Their next invitation came from they added, with one voice. pick a quarrel with Great Britain over! "Well, here is the way I go home," Ireland. But the more understanding! said the rabbit and he began to snug there is, the more will the good which is latent in life become the unconquer able force in human affairs it must be come if the golden years are ever lo return. We can go on enduring op- gle down in the grass. A few feet awax several tiny ants were running round and round ex citedly in a circle. "Oh, dear!" 'said Cassie, with a pression. Personally I believe the quiver in her voice. "They must be THE CATHOLIC BULLETIN, JUNE 4, J921 "V trying to ask us home tq their ant hill." She and lUiy bent down to listen, but they never knew what the ants were trying to say, for just then they heard another voice, a big, strong voice that called them by name. "Here we are, father!" they cried as loud as they could. Oh, how good it seemed to hear those steps cotaing nearer and nearer through the bush es! A few seconds afterward they were telling the whole story. "All the little animals Invited us to their homes," said Ray. "And when we said no," added Cassie, "each one of them said, "Well, that's the way I go home.'" The children's father took from a paper bag two warm buttered rolls and two'apples and gave them to his little daughters. Then he swung Ray upon his back and took Cassie in his arms and plunged into 'the under brush. "This is the way we go home!" she said. NICKNAMES OF 0ITIE8. Brooklyn, N. Y., City of Churches. Buffalo, N. Y„ Queen City of the Lakes. Baalbee, Syria, City of the Sun. Cairo, Egypt, City of Victory. Cincinnati, O., Queen City, Porkpo olis, Queen Of tne West, Paris of America. Chicago, 111., Garden City. Cleveland, O., Forest City. Cork, Ireland, Drish-een City. Crawfordsville, "Ind., Hoosier Ath ens. Dayton, O:, Gem City. Detroit, Mich., City of the Straits. "Edinburg, Scotland, Maiden Town Northern Athens, Modern Athens, Ath ens of the North. Gibraltar, Key of the Mediterranean. Hannibal, Mo., Bluff City. Havana, Cuba, Pearl of the Antilles. Indianapolis, Ind., Railroad City. Jerusalem,"Palestine, City of Peace, City of the Great King. Keokuk, Iowa, Gate City. Limerick, Ireland, City of the Vio lated Treaty. Lowell, Mass., City of Spindles, Man chester of America. -.x" London,' England, City of Masts, Modern Babylon. Lynchburg, Va., Hill City. Milan, Italy, Little Paris. There Is a certain softness of man ner which should be cultivated, and which, in either man or woman, adds a charm that almost entirely compen sates 'for lack of beauty. THE BISHOP'S MEDAL (Continued from page 3.) On the corner of the street where the union headquarters was located. Manuel' Rossetti stopped. He had often stopped there before, in fact, almost every night now he made it a practice of spending considerable time listening tq different men who mount ed soap boxes and talked to th3 crowd of idlers. There was one man in par ticular, a small smooth-shaven man with a red necktie and a piping voice who seemed to command most atten tion, and to whose words Manuel Ros setti had listened more than to those of any other. Just when Manuel and Romeo walked up he was engaged upon a violent discussion of the wroDgs of the working men. "I tell you," he said, "we will never sfet our rights as long, as the capital ists have the government, with its soldiers to shoot us down, and as long as they have churches and priests to lie to us and to deceive us. We must overthrow them and until W« over throw them we are slaves." These words came to Romeo's ears as a shock. He had naturally been brought up with a devotion and rev erence for the Church and its priests, and his study of American history had taught him to be loyal to the govern ment of the greatest free country on the earth. "That man isn't saying what's right," he exclaimed to his father in i an undertone. Manuel Rossetti had thought the same thing when he first heard the speaker with the red neckt'e But as he had listened night after night he became more and more convinced .that the things he said were true. In fact, he had reached the stage where he was disposed to discuss the state ments of this man with his fellow workers and to defend them when they were attaeked. So h® bade Romeo be quiet. "You are too young to kh6w any thing about these things," he said. But as Romeo listened he became more and more indignant with the speaker. The crowd was growing larger and larger, .and some of the men were beginning to eheer the man with the red necktie as he grew more violent. Finally he swept himself into a fury. "Down with capital, I say." he cried. "Let the workingmen take what is his. ^These -buildings and these streets, all this city was built by the hands of workingmen, and they ought to own it. Why should we slave when the capitalists live in luxury. Why should we work when the gov ernment officers can ride 'n their ^G. S. STEPHENS,, President. flPflSf '"V ., 9r or Yn, .Ty*" TFAPHFR? Ambition, Leads to Training and training opens to you the wide field of business with its great opportun ities. Decide today—now—to enroll Day or Night School GLPB "Leaders in Business Education" Ga rliuld -5378 2nd Floor Hamm Bidg., St. Paul, Minn, 4re seu^'n" better posi- I LMUntna tions. It is our business to tell you about them. It costs you nothing to reaiitur. U we /nil to help you—we lose you duu't. See Minneapolis Teachers Agency 602 Nicollet Aw., Minneapolis, Minn. fancy cars paid out of our taxes Why dofft the priests and the bankers and the government officers come out like us and work with their hands instead of living on our money?" This was too much for Romeo. He had stqpd somewhat ashamed fcr the moment when his father failed to answer the man's first attack en the priesthood and the government, but now he''had forgotten hia father and remembered only some of the things he had studied and some of the things he had read in_his Christian Doctrine and American history classes. "It's a lie," he cried. "It's a lie. A priest doesn't work for money. Some priests don't even get a cent. They give up their lives to save people's souls, and you know it. And this gov ernment is the best government in* the world." There was consternation in the crowd for a moment. The speaker looked down at the boy and^then at Manuel Rossetti. The boy faced the stare boldly, but Manuel Rossetii look ed shamefacedly at his son as if he wanted to apologize for, him. Many men in the crowd started talking at once. It was easily seen that some admired the courage of the youth who had taken issue with the speaker. But others were plainly angry at the interruption. "Is that your brat, Rossetti?" asked one of them. "It's well seen he's go ing to the church schools." The speaker with the red necktie was not disconcerted at the interrup tion. In fact, he had heard the last remark, and meant to make the most of it. 'That's the way they're bringing up the children," he cried. "That's what they teach them. They know more than their fathers nowadays. They are brought up to believe all the fairy tales they tell them in the schools about their gods and their command ments and their submission to the peo ple who have the money. That's the way they bring up our children, filling them full of lies and tommyrot." Just then another voice broke out in the crowd. It was a man with a blue sweater, a tall man, and one whose voice was stronger and more clear-cut than that of the man with the red necktie. "The boy is right," he cried to the speaker. "It is you who are talking the lies. Where, did you come from anyhow?" "Russia," said the man on the soap box, "the only free workers' republic!" "Are you an American citizen?" Asked the man in th^ blue sweater. "No, I wouldn't become the citizen of any capitalistic country," said the man with the red necktie. "Then you ought to go back to Rus sia where you belong," cried the man with the blue sweater. "This is no place for you to try to spread discon tent among honest fiaen. The people of this country rule themselves. They are a free people, and if thins? don't go the way they want them, thay have a right to vote and to remedy them. They don't want revolutions and blood shed like Russia has today. If things were so fine in Russia, why didn't you stay there?" There was now a confusion of voices. Men who had listened to the speaker with the red necktia night after night, as if under a spell* seemed tp find themselves. "The boy was right," one of them cried out. "It is the man who has been telling the lies." Several joined in similar cries. Others shouted out defending the soap box orator. The confusion grew gen eral. Romeo found himself in the midst of a babel of tongues and was being swayed back and forth" as the bodies of strong men pressed, against him. Then he saw the man with the red necktie leap from his box and dart quickly up the street. The crowd fol lowed him. Romeo-was left standing alone with his father and the man with the' blue sweater. He looked up into this man's face. There wai some thing strangely familiar about it—yet he could not at first recognize the man. "You did very well, Romeo," said the man with the blue sweater. Romeo now knew this man. Of all men in the world, it was the one he most hateel and most despised, Brother Thomas. v "You are to be complimented on your son, Mr. Rossetti," said Brother Thomas. "I have stood here many nights myself and listened to this.man, but I have never seen any one con tradict him till tonight. The «people of this community owe a lot to Romeo." Romeo's ears tingled. From any one else in the world the \^ords would have been sweet. But from that man! "Romeo, my boy," said Brother Thomas, "you have done nobly. This year we are going to give out two Bishop's medals. Anl one of them will go to you, the boy who not only knows the TRUTH about his Coun try and his Faith, but who li&B the manhood to defend them." —Dahifl Doran, In tne New York Ltuder I F. KENNEEOf, Vice President^ V •-.:•• I -4- College of Saint ~WINONA* MINNESOTA Registered for Teachers' License by the New York Bo*rd of Regents. 'Accredited by the Association of American Universities. Holds Membership in the North Central Association of Colleges. Standard degree courses in Arts and Science leading to the degree*' Bachelor 6i Arts and Bachelor of Sciencci. y ADDRESS THE SECRETARY I THE COLLEGE OF ST. CATHERINE E A A A thoroughly A COLLEGE PREPARATORY SCHOOL FOB GIBL3 SAINT PAUL MINNESOTA ADDRESS. THE OFFICE OF THE DEAN ST. JOSEPH'S ACADEMY equipped High SISTERS OF ST. JOSEPH SAINT PAUL, MINN. Telephone Dale 0535 LARGEST SPRING OPENING In the History of the Rasmussen £chool The earnest teaching, progressive methods and tplan did equipment, of this big m^ooI $L Benedict's College and mm ACCREDITEL ST. JOSEPH, MINNESOTA. tiDirorCTBD BT THE SISTERS OF THE ORDER OF ST. BENEDICT. Under the patronage of the Right Reverend Joseph F. Busch, D. p., Bishop of St. Cloud. •XCELLENT OPPORTUNITIES FOR THE EDUCATION A O I Y O U N W O E N THE COLLEGE—Offers a four years' course, leading to the degree of Bachelor of Arts. THE ACADEMY—Offers a four years' course, preparing for College.. UNIVERSITY AFFILIATION. Catalog mailed upon application to "Sister Directress." SAINT CLARE SCHOOL OF EDUCATION WINONA, MINNESOTA An Institution for the Professions! Traininf of Grade Teachers for Parochial Schoois Affiliated to the College of Saint Teresa ADDRESS: THE SECRETARY Villa Maria Academy FRONTENAC. MINN. JJtuiinie 27 to SCHOOL FOR GIRLS ID YOU IMB IO THE UNIVERSITY Gi' MINNESOTA Conducted by the URSULINE NUNS Send for Catalog and Complete Information. MARQUETTE UNIVERSITY MILWAUKEE SUMMER TERM Courses in Philosophy, Economics, Education, Ethics, English, Latin, Greek, French, Spanish, German, Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry, Biology. COURSES LEAD TO, DEGREES ^rite for summer school booklet to Dean of Arts and .Science Marquette University 1192 Grand Ave.,.Milwaukee, Wis. ^nv-,*»prr \K$rs S Teresa 0 A STANDARD COLLEGE FOR WOMEN Of School for GirU induce students to com* from far and near. To meet the treat demand for graduates, the school has day and evening sessions the entire year. Students are enrolling: now for spring and sumfner term. Illustrated catalog mailed free anywhere upon r« queat. Phono Cedar 5338. PRACTICAL BUSINESS SCHOOL 1M K. Fifth St., bet. Robert and Jackson Sta. One of tbe largest and best equipped business schools in America. WALTER RAhMl'SSEN, Projriffof ST. AGATHA CONSERVATORY OF MUSIC AND ART BAST KXCHANGK ST. COR. CEDAR, ST. PAUI FUtno, Harmony, Violin, Mandolin, Guitar, Zither, Banjo, Voice, BSloevtloiw Language, Painting, Drawing, China Decorating Pnplls may enter at any time Call or aend for terms Lessons glTck daring raeatlot Academy OF AN ACCREDITED TRAINING SCHOOL FOR NURSES, at St. Joseph's Hospital ST PAUL, MINN. For particulars Address: Superintendent of Nurses 1 V