Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume], August 21, 1915, HOME EDITION, MAGAZINE SECTION, Image 18

About Newark evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1909-1916

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THE PLANTING OF WINDBREAKS
AROUND THE COUNTRY HOME
The comfort and attractiveness of
home may generally be increased by
n Judicious planting of hedges,
screens and windbreaks where they
sre needed. On most fa**ms Buch
planting may be readily done at
•■nail cost If one is content to utilize
native trees and shrubs, or Intro
: ice ones that may be grown from
cuttings. Such are the most desir
able kinds, anyway, so there is no
necessity of going to the expense of
buying high-priced nursery stock.
Hedges may often be used to advan ■
iage in place of wall or fence, or to
screen an unsightly stone heap. Liv
ing screens are helpful in beautify
ing the surroundings by shutting out
bams, sheds and Icehouses. Wind
breaks are desirable as a protection
in the house and yard, ns well os the
garden and orchard.
In general, the trees and shrubs to
he used for these purposes may bo
grouped Into the deciduous plants and
the evergreens. Of the former the
poplars, willows, Russian olive ami
Itusstan artemlsla are the most im
portant.
The whit* willow is a most useful
nee for this sort of planting. It Is
beautiful whenever Its leaves are on,
and in spring when Its yellow rat
lins appear it. is the most distinctive
feature of the landscape. II grows
rapidly, is attacked by few enemies
and can be pruned back severely
every year to keep It at the height
desired. But best of all is I bn ease
with which It may be planted. In
early spring cut off a lusty branch as
thick as your finger from a pollarded
tree, thrust the cut end down
In good soil to a depth of
eight or ten Inches, trim off the
top a bit and leave it alone. It will
send out roots very soon and by the
end of the summer be a well devel
oped tree. A dozen or two such
branches thus planted in an irregular
group beside a shed will completely
lt.de It In two or three years. The
denseness of the foliage may be in
creased by cutting back the branches1
each winter or spring and the screen 1
may be prevented from becoming a.'
lot of large trees by cutting the larger
ones ct the surface of the ground
as they reach a thickness of six or
more Inches.
Various other willows may be util
ized In a similar way, but none have
all th'e advantages of the widely dis
tributed white willow.
The more vvlgorous species of pop
lars are also admirable for screena
and summer windbreaks. The well
known Carolina poplar Is one of the
lest of these. It Is hardy and com
paratively free from pests It grows
rapidly from cuttings and will bear
severe pruning back whenever neees
sary. It can be grown In bush forn
or tree form.
Tho Lombardy poplar is particularlj
desirable where a tall screen Is do
sired It grows rapidly and Its ver
tical branches take up so little roon
that it can be used where there is
little space. It also grows from cut
tings.
The Bolleana poplar Is a varietj
of the white poplar which has the
vertical habit of the Lombardy, it
is a beautiful tree and serves ad
mirably to plant in connection with
oither the Lombardy or the white
poplar. The latter species is also
excellent for screen effects where
there is plenty of room. Its chief
defect Is that it spreads by suckers
from underground roots and so is
likely to overrun the surrounding
space.
Cuttings of these various poplars
are offered by many nursery firms
at a cost of about fifty cents a hun
dred. They may be started to advan
tage In a row tn the garden and trans
planted when they are a year or twt
old. They should make a growth of
four or five feet the first season, al
though under favorable conditions,
the Carolina poplar will grow twice
as high as this.
In the northwest two small trees
have lately been Introduced that seem
promising additions to the list Of or
| namental plants for hedges, screens
I and windbreaks. The first Is called the
I Russian olive In the catalogues, al
though in the American Cyclopedia of
Horticulture the only common name
used for It Is the oleaster. Techni
cally. it is a small shrub-like tree,
remarkable for Its hardiness, rapidity
of growth, and beautiful silvery foli
age. It can endure drouth as well
as extreme cold and hears a host of
small yellow blossoms in early spring.
Planted alone It make8 a very attrac
tive. low-branching lawn tree, end
planted closely In hedges It makes
a solid mass of beautiful foliage that
serves admirably as a low windbreak
throughout the summer
The other la more of a shrub than
a tree. It Is called the Russian arte
inlsta. and seldom reaches a greater
height than eight feet. It Is notable
for Its finely cut leaves that give the
shrubs a very decorative effect When
the leading branches are plnohed off
at the tip many side branches are
sent out, making a dense, low wind
break that serves admirably as a
screen or to supplement a hedge of
poplars or other tall trees.
Both of these plants grow readily
from cuttings, which cost about fifty
cents a hundred. If these cuttings
are set in a row In good garden soil
in early spring they will root quickly
and make a growth of two or three
feet or more the first season. They
will be ready to set out In their per
manent place the next spring.
HOW TO OVERCOME THE
RAIDS OF WHITE PINE WEEVIL
Whit* pine* are being bothered to
quite a large extent by the white pine
weevil. The larvae of this weevil
mine In the terminal shoot, which dies
In consequence, and the tree becomes
deformed, especially In case of re
pealed Injury. The weevil lays Its
egg" In the Bprlng In the bark of the
terminal shoots of white pines. The
affected trees can easily be detggftsd,
I nee the new growth at the top irtlts
ltd soon turns brown. Trees here
^.-ud there have a blighted appaar
i nee. When white pines In a planta
ilon have been growing for about fW*
years, the owner should look for In
jury from the above source. Planta
tions appear to be somewhat more
effected by this Insect than dens*
natural reproduction.
The eggs laid In the spring by the
weevil soon hatch and the tiny white
grubs begin to mine through the
hark and outer woo# g# the terminal
shoot. This, of course, soon girdles
the shoot and It dies Since the
grubs may work into tlie node of
brancbM next below. It Is desirable
to cut off the affected shoot as soon
rs detected. Removing the shoots
rnd destroying them while the grubs
•re still Inside has been one of the
pftnclpal means of keeping down the
■limbers of the weevil. In the ex
i erlmental plantations at Rainbow,
I'onn., which were set out by the
' nnnectlcut Agricultural Experiment
Station, the cutting out of affected
tops begins In the third or fourth
week of Juno. The terminal shoot*
affected are cut oft close to the next
whorl of branches below the Injured
part. At that time and well Into
July the grubs are Inside the stem
The simplest means of destroying
them Is by burning. Since the shoots
that are cut off do not take up mugh
apace they can easily be collected and
burned In the stove at home. It la
usually best to go through the plan
tation at least twice, say. In the lnt»
ter part of June and again before the
middle of July, In order to secure all
the tops which are being Injured by,
the weevil. If these tops are not cut j
off ths larvae mature .and after pass-1
Jng the pupa, or resting stage, Inside]
the stem, they emerge as adults In
late July and August.
Plantations where these measures
have been taken are In good condi
tion, while some others where no care
or treatment ha* been given for this
weevil Injury have Buffered Increas
ingly each year. In those regions
where the weevil Injury seems to be
very great It would be advisable not
to plant white pine, but to choose
another species which Is free from this
trouble. Such a one Is the red pine,
which Is quite as good a tree for for
est planting, and Is suitable for prao>
finally all the uses for which one
would plant white pine.
THE QUESTION BOX
V, hat You Want to Know Abou t Gardening, Poultry and Coun
try Problems Answered by Experts.
Til la service costa you nothin*. The only requisite for a full and
complete answer Is #o state your problem clearly, to write only on one
side of the paper, and to sign yonr name and alve us yonr address.
Initials only will Ire used In anstverlnK queries. If yonr queatloa re
lates to diseased slants, describe fully nnd also send us a piece of the
plant I farm nnd leaves! If possible. Address -‘Home and harden Ques
tion Bos,” The Rvenln* Star, Newark, X. J,
' ■■. .I...... , ...I-—■' r —:. ... .. , , —..
Mildew on Rosea.
What should be done for mildew on
rose bushes? MRS. J. E.
Newark.
This Is a fungus trouble affecting
many roses, especially the crimson
rambler, and is prevalent In moist,
shady locations. Keep the bushes
properly trimmed to let In sunlight
nnd air and dust thoroughly aveny
live or ten days with flowers of sul
phur.
Tranent Around Foote.
Will cement put around posts In the
ground save them from rotting?
Humtnft. F. P. S.
Yes; If the cement extends some
what above the ground and slopes
Resinol
heals
itching skins
When you know physicians have pre
scribed Resinol fpr 20 years in the treat
ment of itching, burning, unsightly skin
eruptions, and have written thousands
of reports such as: “It is my regular
prescription for itching, ‘Resinol has
produced brilliant results," and "The
' result it gave was marvelous in one of the
worst cases of eczema, doesn tit make
you say to yourself, “that s the tight
kind of treatment for my skin-trouble?”
Jiainol is sold fy ad druggist*.
c
from the poet. It will keep the water
nway and also prevent the post being
forced to one side by heavy winds or
other wise. It Is always best to pro
tect such posts with a preservative,
such as creosote preparation of ear
bolineum.
Manure or Cover Cropa.
and one of buckwheat ? P. M. R.
Morristown.
The purchase of manure la gener
ally an expensive way to buy fertil
ity. It means nol only money paid
for manure, but It commonly means a
good deal of expense In the way of
hauling and distributing. Under
these conditions it is probable that
system using chemicals along with
rye. buckwheat—or better still, clover
or vetch—Is the more feasible way to
improve the soil. The , Improvement
of soils without the use of the animal
is a proposition which has many ae
rious difficulties.
Injured Grape Vine.
The following fattening ration haa
of whole wheat Is a good mixture.
When a large stem (or arm) of a
grapevine la cut off. should something
be done lo prevent fungus entering
the cut? A. R. B.
Belleville.
GOOD ADVICE
Much complaint Is heard relative
to the amount of tax that the farmer
has to pay, but one rarely heart any
thing said about the tax to which
he subjects himself when he leaves
bis farm machinery out from fadl un.
ill spring. Only a little effort would
put such machines under shelter and
i heir life and usefulness would be
prolonged many years.
Kor washing dairy utensils, soap Is
not as satisfactory a cleanser as
tome of the washing powders be
cause there 1b apt to be an odor left.
Sul soda should be avoided, ns It
takea the tin from the utensils.
It is to be hoped that the suburban
poultry keeper Is not wintering two
or three useless roosters. Inasmuch
as it costs one dollar a year to feed a
I male bird, they should be sent to the
I pot at an early date.
«
MIXED FLOWER BORDER; HOW TO CULTIVATE IT
A olmpl# mixed flower border around ■ eabnrban home In whlrh dahlia* largely predominate.
What are commonly called "mixed
flower borders" are steadily Increas
ing In popularity. This Is not sur
prising, for they possess a charm en
tirely lacking In the more formal
styles of bedding- Individual beds
of pansies, begonias, cannas and
geraniums are very effective and
much to be commended. They are,
however, less satisfying than a bor
der containing a miscellaneous as
sortment of bulbs, annuals and pe
rennials, for, by making a proper se
lection a continuous succession of
flowers can be had from February un
til November.
Deep digging, the removal of stones
and gravel to the depth of two feet,
the addition of loam where needed,
a liberal dressing of well-rotted barn
manure, well Incorporated into the
soil—all these things are necessities
of successful flower cultivation. Flow
ering borders should not be located
under or too near large shade trees,
which would soon Impoverish them
Fall Is the best time to prepare
borders of this nature. The first
flowers to malce their appearance will
be snowdrops. This year we picked
these flowers on January •, an un
usually early date In the northern
States. Crocuses of various colors
will be in flower from the end of
February until the middle of April,
by which time also the jlory-of-the
anow (Chlnodoxa) will be unfolding
Its beautiful blue flowers, followed by
the dark blue squill. About the mid
dle of April the earlier daffodils, such
as Golden Spur and Henry Irvin*:,
will appear, to be followed by Em
peror, Horsfleld. Barrii conspicuous
and other sorts. The poet's narcissus
and Its earlier flowering form. N.
poeticus ornatus, should also be given
a place, and they will give fully two
months of narcissus blooms. By plant
ing a number of early bedding tulips
and some of the late sorts, a succes
sion of tulips lasting six weeks may
easily be had. The Spanish iris flow
ers in June and is followed by the
English iris Both are hardy, cheap
and of easy culture.
All of the foregoing bulbs should
be planted In October and November,
and, except In the rase of bedding
tulips, can be allowed to remain un
disturbed for several years.
Gladioli can be planted from April
to June, and. so treated, will flower
from early August until frost. Hya
cinthtis candicans planted In April or
early May will flower in July and
August. This Is a very desirable
hardy bulb, growing four feet high.
Lilies are Invaluable in a mixed bor
der; they prefer a spot with a little
shade, and fresh manure should not
be used when planting them. The
bulbs should be set eight to ten
lnohes deep, except In the case of
the ascension lily, which needs plant
ing early In September about four
Inches deep. Montbretlas can be
planted In early spring or late fall;
they are hardy in well-drained land
and flower a long time.
Among hardy perennial plants,
some of the best of the taller-grow
ing sorts for back rows are holly
hocks, Delphinium hybridum, hellan
thus or hardy sunflowers, Helenium
autumnale, rudbeckla Golden Glow,
Yucca fllamentosa and holtonias.
Others of mora moderate height are
phloxes, which are probably the best
of all hardy perennials, German and
Japanese Irises, aqullegias, Campa
nula peralclfolta, Spiraea astilboides
and Astllbe Japonica, oriental pop
ples, oetiothera or evening primrose,
veronicas, platycodons, hemeroeallis
(day lily), lychnis, Japanese anemone,
Tncarvllla Delavayi.
If desired, geraniums, cannas. tube
roses. begonias, dahlias, heliotrope
and similar plants can be utilised to
dot In here and there, but a selection
of the bulbs, perennials, biennials
and annuals named will give flowers
from the time snowdrops appear, In
January or February, until Japanese
anemonies and the later hardy asters
are cut down.
To secure a continuous succession
of flowers Is not difficult. We have
not named more than a fraction of
the plants available, but those given
are more than sufficient. The great
charm of the mixed border lies In the
fact that there will be something new
In flowers almost every day during
the season.
Much of the success In the growing
of any garden crop is achieved by
the persistent cultivation of the sur
face soil. If It Is allowed to bake
after heavy rains, the plants will
soon suffer; but, if kept thoroughly
stirred by the hoe, It is really eston
lshlng how little water the plants
will require in the dryest weather.
If watering Is necessary, give suffi
cient to soak the roots; continuous
sprinklings do little good and harden
the surface.
CALENDAR FOR FARM AND FARM WORKERS
The early crop of cabbage should
all be harvested during this month,
and the land town to rye, vetch of
other legume, to be burned under,
next spring, as green manure.
There Is atilt time to plant late
klpds of oelery, and the early va
rieties, like White Plume, should be
blanched by banking with sell or
with boards.
Harvest the onions when the bulbs
have become well formed and let
them dry on the ground. Take off the
tops, being careful not to cut too
close to the bulbs. Then remove them
to a bran door or ahed, to dnlah cur
ing. Store them In small, open crates,
plied so as to allow a good circulation
of air on all sides.
Make weekly sowings of beans,
radishes and lettuce for fall use.
I-ate this month cut the tops from
the nsparagus and burn them. Cut
close to the ground, so as not to leave
any stumps on which to Injure the
cutter when harvesting tha shoots
next spring.
The last of this month sow seeds
of spinach In coldframes for late fall
and early winter use
Spray the melons, cucumbers and
potatoes with bordeaux mixture to
prevent blight and mildew. Pota
toes sprayed as above several times
during the season will keep better
than unsprayed ones.
Cabbage should be sprayed with
arsenate of lead that has a sticky
substance like resin added, so that
cabbage-worms will be killed.
Sow lettuce, radishes, beans, early
sweet corn and beetR for a succession
The ascension Illy (Llllum Candl
dum) should be planted now for next
spring's blooming.
Peony roots should be divided, and
the divisions set several feet apart.
Cuttings of helltrops and geraniums
for winter window-gardens should be
started. Start also Bermuda lilies,
freealas, oxalts, Roman hyacinth and
paper-white narcissus bulbs for
blooming Indoors at Christmas-tide.
Use nitrate of soda, but not too
freely, for slow-growing plants in
the flower garden. The dahllae par
ticularly require a little encouurage
ment with applications of this solu
tion.
Just as soon as the chrysanthe
mums begin to show their buds feed
the plants with liquid manure.
It Is net too late to sow seeds of
hardy perennials for next year's
bloom. I>ook over your garden and
borders to see what you require the
most for cut-flowers, then get the
seed end plant it at once.
All asalea and rhodendron beds
must be thoroughly watered, as more
of these magnificent shrubs are killed
from the effects of summer's drought
than by the severe colds of winter.
Keep the dead and dying tops of
perennials cut off, as they present a
very bedraggled and untidy appear
anoe In the garden.
Mow the lawns about the garden
and house frequently now. The short
clippings can be left on the sod to
form a mulch for the grass roots and
to preserve moisture.
Keep all weeds hoed out, and If
there has been a supply of annuals
held In reserve, plant them In the
place of those perennials whose tops
have withered, to keep the border
looking fresh and full.
Stake all dahlia and gladiolus
plants, also the cosmos, to prevent
their being blown down by the high
fall wlndH and ralna.
Pick up all fallen fruit. If you
have hogs or eheep let them run in
the orchard to eat the fallen fruits.
Bag the grapes. This might have
been done earlier, perhaps, but some
good can still be done. It will help
to prevent fruit-rot, and the birds
will not steal the fruit.
As soon as the raspberries are
through fruiting, take out the old
canes. The new canes made this
year will produce the fruit next year.
Burn the prunlnge very carefully.
Do not let weeds form seed In either
the fruit or vegetable gardens. A
single well-matured weed may sup
ply seed enough to stock a very large
area with weed plants next season.
Potted strawberries may be set out
this month. Resolve that next year
you will use four-inch pots, Instead
of the smaller ones. Bigger pots In
sure better plants.
Clean up the old strawberry bed If
It is to be used again, otherwise it
should be plowed under.
Pears should be picked several days
before they are soft. They will ripen
best in a dark place in the house,
while, if left on the trees, they are
almost sure to rot.
Look over your trees, and if you see
two apples, pears, plums or peaches
touching each other, remove one of
them; otherwise, both specimens prob
ably will be poor. Use a pole with a
wire hook at the end.
In picking fruit, be sure not to pull
it from the stem, otherwise early de
cay la certain.
Brace thoroughly all heavily laden
trees to prevent ths limbs from break
ing off, and keep one limb from sag
ging upon another.
Pick blackberries only when dry,
and as soon as the crop is oft the
old canes should be cut away.
If your neighbor has a choice vari
ety of fruit of which you would like
a tree, you can, during this month,
bud It on stocks of your own. Get
him to give you a few "bud-sticks."
Purchase oxalis and freesla bulbs,
and plant them for Christmas bloom
ing. Old bulbs should be removed
from the soli, shaken out, and sepa
rated, and the large ones planted for
early flowering. Plant the small
bulbs In flat, and let them grow on,
so ns to have blooming bulbs next
year.
Both the common Easter and the
Bermuda lily bulbs, together with
those of the Ascension lily, should
be potted now. The latter should be
held In a cool, shaded place; the
others are best handled by plunging
them, ,pot and all, into six inches
of soft.
After the middle of the month pot
all the camatlone, chrysanthemums,
etevlaa and the ntaleas that have
been growing In the open ground all
summer.
Carnation* that have been grown
In the Held must be benched. Give
the house a light shading of easily
removable substance until the plants
have become established.
Sow seeds of the early cauliflower
and get a forcing variety from your
Headsman. These will mature so at
to be ready for eating In early winter.
A sowing of seed every three week*
will Insure a succeeslon of this vege
table.
Don’t neglect to bow eeeds of cycla
men for neatt year’s bloom. The
plants from those sown last year
should be of good sis© now, and they
will require to be shifted Into their
blooming pots this month.
It Is not too early to tnake your
choice of young stock for breeding
purposes next year. Young hens that
are now bright and active and that
have not been sickly arid drooping
are essential to successful breeding
pens.
During this hot month cut down the
quantity of heating food, such as
corn. Feed more wheat and oats
(the latter crushed), and see that
plenty of green provender is available
for your flock.
The feeding during August should
be done with the fact In mind that
the molting season starts soon, par
ticularly with young stock, and an
occasional feed of linseed meal will
be found good, as well as a few hand
fuls of sunflower seeds every few
days. Animal food or meat In some
form Is also highly recommended as
essential for furnishing feather-form
ing materials.
The early-molting hens are the
most profitable. Those that start In I
August should be feathered out and
have their full strength and vitality
again by November.
Keep after the lice, and he sure to
avoid overcrowding In the pens. With
the young stock grown up, often the
coops are crowded. Better weed out
the stock that Is not to be kept over
winter, as early as possible, and keep
only enough to he profitable.
Singing while milking very materi
ally reduces the flow of milk.
The cow stable should be well
lighted. A coat of whitewash, fre
quently applied, not only tends to
cleanliness, but also helps to reflect
the light.
If the horse le being used freely,
give him a bran mash with a hand
ful of oats mixed Into It, once a week.
It Is a good way to let him know
when Sunday comes.
An abundance of bedding during
the winter will keep the animals not
only warm, but clean. Moreover, the
bedding Is worth considerable as
manure.
Winter butter well made brings
greater profit than summer butter.
Feeding ensilage before milking
will taint the milk. It Is always wiser
to feed It after milking.
Because of the Importance of sound
feet, It le very poor policy to have
a herse standing on manure. Box
stalls should be mucked out each day
and thoroughly cleaned once a week.
A nervous oow Is preferable to a
stolid one. The chances are that she
will give more and better milk than
her dull, mopish sister.
Wilson’s Needs I
PANSY UWILS°M
PcVrSn SEED CO.
NOW! IMUMEIT
N aw Crop Nm 2131M.
NEWARK
EVERY CARDEN REQUISITE
ALSO
POULTRY SUPPLIES
J. F. NOLL & CO.
US Molbtery St., NtROt, M. i.
/ .• ♦
I GREEN MANURING
MUSI BE DONE LATE
—
Many requests are coming continu
ally relative to the seeding of rye and
other crops for green manuring pur
poses. It will be impossible in most
cases from now on to seed any of
these crops in the corn due to the re
cent storms, which have broken the
corn over. Consequently wherever
the green manuring crop had be»n
planned It will have to be postponed
until the cutting of the crop and
then harrowing in the rye immediate
ly after cutting. On the many fields
which have not been seeded since
taking off the cron of oats and peas
or even millet, the seeding of rye
should be made Immediately. The ad
dition of clover, especially crimson
clover, Is also advisable.
A bulletin has recently been pub
lished by the University of Illinois
on the study of nitrogen In certain
legumes, and from this It is easily
seen that one can well afford to put
In some legume to get nitrogen from
the atmosphere. "The amount of
nitrogen which these legumes will add
to the soil depends,” this bulletin
states, “In part, upon the relative
supply of that element In the soluble
and decomposable forms, organic as
well as Inorganic. The poorer the
soil the greater amount of nitrogen
that will be fired when the crop yields
are equal.” Figures which they have
computed from experiments show that
a four-ton crop of clover will add 132
pounds of nitrogen to the soli If left
on the land. From a similar area a
good crop of soybeans will add a little
over 100 pounds of nitrogen to the soil.
From a ten-year experiment where
clover had been grown In Canada on
light sandy soil, the amount of nitro
gen which was recovered has aver
aged each year. In addition of fifty
pounds par acre, ft was found that
from two to three times that amount
was added but. that the amount above
fifty was lost in various ways.
Therefore It can be easily seen that1
with the millions of pounds of nltro-!
gen over each acre of the land the
farmers’ cheapest source of supply
Is from this source rather than
through the tme of so much fertilizer. |
PROPER ROOSTS FOR THE HENS
MUST BE PROVIDED FOR
Hens spend more than half the
twenty-four hours of the day on
their roosts, and for this reason this
part of the building should receive
Its share of consideration. It is on
the roosts that the hens come closest
in contact with each other, which
means the best opportunity for the
spread of poultry disteascs, and it
is also In the cracks and crevices of
the perches and in the filth that is
apt to accumulate near them that
poultry parasites breed in large num
bers. . _ . . ... _
I Roosts should, ihereiore. oe or xne
(simplest possible construction, easily
removable, and coming in contact
with the main part of the building
ns little as possible. The best plan
is to suspend the roosts from the
rafters by iron rods. These rods be
ing hooked into staples driven into
the rafters, and being shaped into
square hooks at the bottom the ex
act size of the perches to hold them
rigid and to permit of their easy re
moving.
Roosts should be of 2x4 hemlock
to reach the full length of the pen
with the two-inch edge up, and they
should come Just short of touching
the walls of the building to do away
with the twQ-Inch edge up. and they
should come Just short of touching
the walls of the building to do away
with a possible harbor for red mites
at the point of contact. It is much
the wisest to use planed, well-sea
soned lumber for roosts, even at a
considerable extra cost, than to use
green poles with the hark still on
them, because they shrink and the
bark loosens so that the mites find
many excellent breeding places. Hens
should have plenty of room on their
perches, allowing five to seven inches
per bird, depending upon their size.
Roosts should be fourteen inches
apart from center to center.
When open front, houses are used
the hens at night require extra pro
tection in winter. With a double
boarding above and behind them, al
lowing a circulation of air between,
as described in a previous article,
they are amply protected, hut when
houses are not constructed In this
way and are less than eighteen feet
in width, it may be wise to use a drop
curtain 6t burlap or cheese cloth in
front of the roosts when the tempera
ture is extremely low. . <
The curtain should not shut oft
the movement of air either at the top
or the bottom, as close confinement
in air that is breathed over and over
again by the fowls at night will
almost always result in colds or roup
because of their close contact. The
drop curtain should serve only as a
buffer to prevent too much cold air
from Btrlking the birds at once.
By observing these suggestions the
poultrymen can avoid many hours of '
hard work in fighting disease and
vermin, and may maintain a fair
egg production through the winter.
Ways to Eliminate
the Grasshopper Pest
The damage which has been done
hy grasshoppers has not been realized
as a very serious loss thus far In this
section. There is, however, in cer
tain areas a large increase in the
numbers of these pests, and it will be
wise In such areas for the owners of
the land lo endeavor to eliminate
them as far as possible. Several in
stances have been seen recently where
grasshoppers came in from a new
mown field of grass and started on
to an alfalfla field. The result was a
strip on that side of the field from
one to two rods wide completely
killed. The same effect will take place
in regard to other forage crops such
as clover.
The remedy for the elimination of
these pests is a poison bran mash. >
of thirty-five pounds bran mixed with
one pound of paris green. Add to this
mixture two parts of molasses, re
duced with sufficient water to make
a moist mash. To. the liquid before
putting with the bran should be add
ed the contents and rind of three or
four lemons. This will make an ap
petizing mash which will cause them
to consume sufficient poison for vital
results. It is recommended that this
bran be applied in strips along such
fields just before night so that they '
will feed on It the following morning.
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EACH CABINET CONTAINS ALL FOR
466 Famous Good Housekeeping Recipes |f ■■
Complete Set of Index Guide Cards and fl **
100 Blank Cards for Additional Recipes
466 Selected
Recipes for
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Beverages
Bread
Cake
Candies
Cereals
Cheese
Desserts
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Meats
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Preserves
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A Word About the 466 Valu
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Martin Steanbook, 492 Clinton
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NEWARK EVENING STAR it
COOKING RECIPE
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