The Barre daily times., June 27, 1906, Page 3, Image 3

About The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959

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THE BAEBB DAILY TIMES. JUNE 27. 1 (;.
A Desert Drama
Copyright, 1905, by C,.B. Lewis.
Looking north, south or west from
the lonely military post on the edge of
the Mojave desert you saw. nothing
but sand and scrub and cactus. No
living things were to be found out there
except the serpent and . the lizard.
Only the vulture spread his wings to
flyover it. ' - .
In the rank and file of the army this
lonely frontier post was called tbe
Death post. Not that there was more
sickness there than elsewhere, but that
an average of four men per year ,went
out from It and were heard of no more.
They were always private soldiers, and
they were always men who had acted
queerly for days before. ; They .had
been found brooding or weeping. They
had ceased to laugh or smile. There
was fear in their eyes. One by. one
at Intervals they had quietly gone
forth at night, and when their ab
sence bad been reported the surgeon
had gently said to the commandant:
"It is not desertion. The men have
beeii awed and terrorized by the pres
ence of the desert ' It has drawn them
to itself. Out there on its bosom there
will be another skeleton." .
The commandant may have agreed,
but he could not so state in bis official
reports. It must be "missing" or "de
sertion." In time his superiors de
manded explanations and hinted at
laxity of discipline. They even . sent
him to a new field and sent an Iron
man to replace him. a colonel, who
laughed at the desert and felt no awe
when be looked up at the rugged cliffs
which the brawling river had cut its
way through when tbe world was
younger by a million years. His pan
acea for lonesomeness, for homesick
ness and for sentiment was drill and
plenty of It. He would give the men
no time to think. When they told him
that Private Parker was acting queer
ly be had the man before him and
cursed and threatened and ridiculed.
Two nights later, wbeu the midnight
relief came around to Tarker's post It
found his musket lying on the ground,
but the man himself was missing. '
'He heard the call of the desert, and
he has gone to his death," whispered
bis comrades. "
"The man Is a deserter, and I will
have him back here within two days
or resign my commission," exclaimed
the man of iron.
Squads were sent out, and the search
continued for three days without suc
cess. Then the commandant deter
mined to put the post to shame and kill
sentiment and superstition at a blow.
He mounted his horse and rode away
over the desert. He would find the de
serter and bring him In. He believed
the man had taken food and drink
with him aud pushed for the mining
towns ou the other edge of the sea of
sand. He should be overhauled and an
THE CHILD TOILERS.
EFFORTS OF ORGANIZED LABOR TO I
ABATE THE EVIL. .
Trade t'nlonlam Instrumental In the
Pnnance of All Lnvi I'rohlbitlna;
the Employment of Children, Say
Samuel Campers.
In an address before the national
child labor committee at Washington,
Samuel tionipers snld lu part:
"Today there is no division of opin
ion relative to the inadvlsabitity and
Inhumanity of employing children of a
young and 'tender age in gainful occu
pations. So much at least has been
gained. In some sections of the conn
try opposition Is . till manifested
against the movement for the aboli
tion of child labor upon the pretense
thnt the enactment of such A law
would b the encouragement of organ
ized labor. I am not prepared to deny
that. .
"lly honored friend, the commission
er of labor, anticipated the very re
mark I intended to make, and I am
glad to bo in accord .with his Judg
ment that an Industry which depends
for Its success upon the labor of youug
and Innocent children Is not worthy
of success and ought to go down.
"There Ik no law on the statute books
of nny state of the. Union or lu any
country that has for Its purpose the
protection of the child and the health
of not only children, but women, but
that law Is due directly to the efforts
of tho much abused organizations of
labor. , .
"It has been within my recollection
when the Hon. Elbrldge T. (Jerry of
New York, for many years active lu
tho movement for the protection of
children, came before the conventions
of the A. V. of L. and said that tho
hopo and the mainstay for the Inau
guration, the enactment and the en
forcement of child labor laws rest In
the last degree upon the organizations
or labor.
"If there Is any one who harbors the
thought thnt the organizations mf labor
lire insincere iu the effort to hnse laws
passed and enforced for the protection
of children, let me quote to you a
fitatctneHt made by a gentleman who,
presumably, was associated with t.s In
the effort to abolish child labor, Dr.
A. H. Frybcrg. president of the Cin
cinnati child labor committee, to which
he said, 'The committee' speaking for
bis committee, 'is not In sympathy
villi the movement of labor unions for
Increasing the age at which children
ma? labor from fourteen to sixteen
yeiu-s.
' He then adiis as a comment on
It 'ft Is fc't ln tn" committee that tho
actlou of tho unions Is taken purely for
the jielflsh inotlv of preventing compe
tition and not with the idea of the
child' welfare at heart.'
"1 quote the giMitk'inau because he
clmrgi the unions of labor with self
Klines iu tho advocacy of the child
labor' la', in i,ucttf8lu 'the' year to
example made' of him, They watched
the colonel take a straight course over
Ibc sands, which were just beginning
to heat up under the morning sun of a
summer's day. lie wai strongly mount
ed and carried water and provisions,
and at his watch chain was a. compass.
The colonel had figured that the de
serter could not have made over forty
or fifty miles. That would not be half
way across the desert. Despite the
heat the horse had covered that dis
tance before the sun went down. .The
colonel had seen skeletons as be rode
the skeletons o men and of animals
to the right and left and ahead of hliu.
He had derided them. He had noted
that two great vultures hovered over
bini as he rode; looking down on him
always, but uttering no croak or cry.
He had smiled at them. A thousand
times he bad cast his eyes around him
and taken in the dreariness, but be had
laughed it to scorn. And now night
had come, and he was as much alone
as if there had been no other human
being on' the face of the world. He
ate and drank and sought sleep. It
would not come. He counted the stars
above him; he counted the numerals;
he cursed himself as being more fool
ish than a woman. " ; , H"
i Of a sudden the officer found himself
sitting up and staring out into the
night and listening so Intently that he
detected the movements of a lizard
yards away. The situation Was get
ting ou his -. nerves,' and he struck
himself In anger as he realized it. Do
what he could, he could not sleep. As
ho looked out across tbe sands be
thought evety cactus a moving figure
every figure an enemy. His horse
trembled and perspired and snorted
and finally broke away. He listened
to the thud of Its hoofs until they
quite died away, and then he sat with
his face in bis bands. He had sneered
at and derided tbe desert, but the
desert bad conquered the man of Iron.
Who can tell of the next day, with its
blazing gun roasting and scorching?
The frightened horse had galloped
miles away. The man's footsteps sank
deep Into the sbifting sands at every
move, and the serpents and lizards
and cactus were ever before him.
Above him the vultures were always
hovering and waiting, and if he shook
his fist at them and dared them to
Come down and give him battle it was
no new thing to them. They had seen
other men do the same.
There was another day and another
Bight perhaps two of them. Of what
good Is a compass to a man who bab
bles as he looks at Its face? Of what
good a strong pair of legs when he is
half a hundred miles from succor? It
was simply another victim for the maw
of the desert, and if men ever ride
past the bones of the missing officer
they cannot tell them from the bones
of the scores and scores who preceded
and have followed hira. : -'
M. QUAD.
sixteen as against any opinion which
may be entertained that the unions are
insincere.
"Von should not infer from that
statement Hint I believe that Dr. Fry
berg Is accurate in his charge that it is
from selfish motives that the unions
of labor are favorably disposed toward
the abolition of child labor, but I quot
ed him simply to show that even ac
cording to this accusation we must
necessarily be sincere In defense of our
own self interests
"I presume that there are ft number
of men and women in this city of ours
and In this country of ours who are
altruistic. Thnnk Ood that there is a
continually growing number of men
aud women who act from that high
purpose. Hut, taking men and women
as they are not here and there, but
the accepted view of men and women
as they are I wonder whether all the
bankers and all the brokers and all the
business men and all the newspaper
men and all the companies have been
prompted from purposes of absolutely,
purely Ideal altruism.
"Now, as to the insinuations that are
Indulged In that labor men, from the
standpoint of their own personal In
terests, advocate a certain policy, how
Is it that you find men usually who are
engaged lu the manufacture of cer
tain products universally protectionist
from the viewpoint of tho tariff? And,
on the other hand, you will find men
who are engaged In simply commercial
pursuits free traders. Is It a psycho
logical Influence that brings this
about? Is it physical? Is It climatic?
Is It providential, or Is It not purely
selfish Interest that prompts them to
be the one thing or the other? And
yet you expect not you personally, my
friends, but yet some people expect
that tho men who have only their labor
power Upon which to depend and to
support those dependent upon tbeni
shall . govern nil their actions from
purely altruistic motives and purposes,
surrendering everything that they pos
sess. "We are Just as good as you. not bet
ter, but, I repeat, just as good. -From
the earliest days of the present Indus
trial era as It emerged from the dny
of serfdom and from the days of the
Introduction of the factory system the
organizations of labor have advocated
the restriction of child labor.- There U
not a child labor law on the statute
books of the United States but ha
been put there by tho effort of th
trades union movement."
Wipe.
Rice is less nutritious than wheat.
Klce Is made mora digestible by be
ing kept. It. should not bo entea for
some months after being gathered. .
When the Fire Is Loir,
If your con I lire Is n little low so tVt
you cannot see any fire don't put on
oil or paper, but get your sugar bowl
Hint put on two or three spoonful: If
It doesn't blaze you will know It Is
out. but if there is any tiro tbe augur
will find It.
"NOT ALL :
AMERICA BAD"
London Times Defends : Our
Reputation
EXPOSURES ARE EXPECTED
Smal Packing Plants in Chicago Foul
-rXhe Indiana Board of Health '
Is After Preserved
Meats,
New York, . June 27. The Times
prints the loilowing copyright despatch
from London:
The London Times this morning pub
lishes a letter from an American corres
pondent protesting against the alleged
readiness of Europe to condemn ' the
whole American people and their busi
ness on aucouiit of the scandalous dis
closures respecting American life insur
ance methods and the operations of the
Chicago meat packers. Commenting ou
the letter editorially, the Times says:
"It would be a great mistake to sup
pose ttiat every Englishman believes
everything said by every newspaper. No
sensible man believes that --American
business is rotten because some swin
dles have .been' exposed, any more than
ho thinks that ail '. French business is
rotten because there was a I'anama
scandal or that all our own business is
in the same condition because we have
scandal from time to time and arc
aware of much that is wrong, though
it may not yet have come in so striking
a form before the: world. Strong, lan
guage about scandal is not to be taken
to show that even those who use it sup
pose the whole business world in the
country where it occurs to be corrupt,
it is not their air or business to offer
a careful judicial view of American
business as a whole They are concern
ed with the scandal alone, and the gen
eral prosjiective must be left for- adjust
ment on some other occasions.
"Americans' may dismiss tbe tilea,- if
they ever entertain it, that the people
of this country repaid them as all in
the same boat with the ' Beef Trust,
Standard Oil Company, dishonest rail
way managers, and people who control
yellow dog funds. There are Pharisees
and foolixh individuals in all countries.
We have some among us, "and as they
are generally very ready to talk, they
probably' do some mischief, but, the
mass of American people are very like
themselves, and that in America, as here
and elsewhere, society is held together
only by the saving 'remnant of which
our corresoiident -speaks the quiet, in
articulate people who still believe in
probity and honor and try to do their
duty- and fulfill their obligations hon
estly." ; ,
THE TOILER'S PITTANCE,
German Exhibition Which 8hwa the
Wao of tho Poor.
The beggarly compensation received
by the maker of lace by hand is com
parable to the wages earned by those
whose work figures In a home industry
exposition now lu progress at Berlin,
referring to which Consul Hurst of
Plauen writes as follows;
"Everything that one naturally con
nects with a great fair is strikingly ab
sent. The products of tenement .and
sweat shop, small piecework evolved
by the needy, are laid bare to tbe pub
lic. Each exhibit la ticketed, setting
forth the pay for piece, time employed
in making, the profit per hour. If the
object Itself docs not particularly at
tract the attention of the visitor the
descriptive tag certainly appeals to
him.
"A few samples may be given: A
boy's suit of clothes, . three pieces,
made for about 17 cents; artistic wood
en -crucifixes, carved at les than 2
cent an hour; lit toy menagerie ani
mals for 11 cents; putting up 1,000 nee
dles for less than 1 cent for the lot;
mounting hooks and eyes on 3G0 cards,
with 24 pairs on each, altogether 17,280
pieces, for 28 cents; and au extreme
case Is that of , a bit of lace from
Plauen worked at the rate of about
one-quarter cent an hour. Progress
and poverty are nowhere more abrupt
ly contrasted than In this pitiful dis
play. Expressions of amazement and
sympathy, manifested by the highest
classes of society, are echoed through
out the Genua n press."
I.nlior Brief.
Butcher workmen at. tho Chicago
stockyards whose union was disrupted
by the big strike In 1004 are beginning
to organize again, although they ore be
ing closely watched by foremen and
superintendents.
The Tobacco Workers' International
union Is now engaged in an active cam
paign against the tobacco trust. Or
ganizers promoting the union made
product will rlslt large conventions of
labor organizations. .
Institutions recently visited employ
ed a total of 4.253 convicts in the man
ufacture of boots and shoes. These
4.253 convict shoo workers are paid an
nverago wage of 43 cents a day, nnd
they are turning out 25,3-10 pairs of
shoes every dny.
It Is not upon tlia record that em
ployers as a nils voluntarily advance
wages or reduce hours according to
profits.
Loom th Label.
With the news of every strike conies
tho announcement thnt the employers
have organized to fight the Issue. They
organize for.no other purpose than to
destroy the unions. It therefore be
hooves organized labor to stand to
gether and throw up breastworks that
will be Invincible. The best show of
strength is In the label, and llm great
est good that can be done is to further
Its use. I "ma riding the union label
aud asking others to do likewise should
be a waller .of principle. Wo must
back up oiir label by demanding the
lnbel on what wc buy, "Every little
hit helps." Boom tho "label. Typo-
ADDICTED TO A10RPHINE
AND HAD BEEN DRINKING
Thaw Had Been Bitter Against White
Because of Latter's Friendship,
for Nesbit Girl.
. New York, .lunc 27.-Tlic Kiening
Sun says:
"lbs will never ruin any more." This
expression from Harry Kendall Thaw,
the giddy young Pittsburg millionaire,
which came from him while the pintoi
with which- he killed Stanford. White,
tho architect, in the Madison Square roof
garden Monday night, was still warm
ami while his victim lay -dead, seems to
epitomize the motive for the crime which
has startled New York as it has not
been stirred since that day, years ago,
when "Kd" Stokes shot down ",Jim"
risk on the marble stairway of the old
lira nd Central Hotel.
Those who now something of the
swirl that caught up young Thaw" when
he came to this city with more money
than he knew what to do with, and who
have followed his dizxy way which vd
through $.")0,000 dinners, gay life in the
extreme, his marriage to Evelyn Nesbit.
the artist . model chorus.-girl,., and the
sensational developments that followed
it, might believe that "excesses had un
balanced his mind until it became prone
to all kinds of thoughts. But added to
this there was a rancor that would not
eliminate itself from his mind and thnt
turned on to tlwught of events that pie
ceded his marriage to Evelyn Nesliit.
It is known that Stanford White
sought the friendship of Evelyn Nesbit
when her mother first brought the picf
ty. little Pittsburg girl to New York.
Stories are told of their outings when
the girl was still an artist's model, and
afterward when she became a flower
girl in the original Klorodora" company.
Then came Thaw with hi money and
lavish manner of spending it. After
that was the two marriagesone abroad
and another to satisfy the 'elder ' Mrs.
Thaw nt Pitt sbtirg. The young wife, it
is said, started to fit herself for the
new position in which she found herself
and seemed to be doing fairly well along
this lino. But the remembrance of the
earlier friendship of his wife' for White
would not down, and added to this, ac
cording to resirt, were taunts that were
made to him by White whenever they
met. This aroused Thaw to a fury that
finally ended in murder.
Thaw appeared sober enough after the
shooting, but he had drunk considerable,
and it is probable that he. was to'somo
extent-1. Under the influence of morphine,
to 'which he has become addicted. In
deed, it is said thut insanity following
his manner of life and the ue of drugs
will be the defence offered for him by
his attorneys. . '
REPUBLICAN COUNTY CONVENTION
Will Be Held in Montpelier on July
17th.-
The Republican voters of Washing
ton county are requested to meet iu
convention" by their delegates at Armory
hall, Montpelier, Tuesday, July 17,1906,
at 10 o'clock a, m., to nominate candi
dates for three senators, two aitant
judges of the county ' court, judge f
probate, state's attorney, sheriff and
fiig bailiff, to lie supported by the free
men of the county at the next biennial
election, also to elect a county commit
tee. Town will le represented in con
vention on the basis of three delegates
for each town and city and additional
delegate for each fifty voters or major
ity fraction thereof, as shown by the
vote for governor in Jt04.
Delegate will 1k choen st a primary
meeting called by the Republican com
mittee in each town Tuesday, duly 10,
and will provide themselves with proper
credentials! signed by' Ihe secretary of
the meeting at which they are elected.
They are reqiiestd to present such
credentials to the county committee st
Armory hall immediately on their arri
val in Montpelier ou the moruing of
the convention.
Special convention rates to' Montpelier
and return from all stations in Washing
ton county on the Central Vermont and
Montpelier & Wells Kiver railroads.
.1. II. Winch,
V. M. Corrv,
P.. W. Putnam,
C. H. llainest
C, I". Camp,
I. Hathawar,
CP. Mc Knight,
.'"'' County Committee,
'Montpelier, June 3uth, 190fi. i i : .
(in the above bans the several towns
in the county will lie entitled to rep
resenlatinn'as follows:
Barrc City ....!'. Montpelier
...20
...5
..11
...5
... S
...
. . . f.
...11
Ban e ..... . . , 8
Berlin , 5
Cabot
Calais ,. 7
Uuxbury ... ,
Ertt Montpelier 0
Kavston 3
Mart.li field .... 5
Middlesex 5
Moretown
North Held
I'hiinfleld .
Iioxlmrv .
WniNlieM
Warren . . .
Waterhiiry
Woodbury
Worcester
ESSEX COUNTY CONVENTION.
Reupblicans Nominate Ticket at Guild
hall Yesterday.
Ciiildhsll, June 27. Tho Kex county
Republican convention met yefterday
and nominated the following ticket 1
For setintor, Robert Chase of linihl
liall; for aHMrtnt, judges. ,1. H. Best.tie
of Brunswick and (I 11. Cutting of
Concord; for jikIkc of probate, H. W,
lilakc if Island Pond; for utafe' attor
ney, H. B. Ainey of Island Pond, for
sheriff, Richard Best tie of Maidstone;
for high bailiff, Ccorge R. Ramsey of
Lemiugtoii. -
Propmed Label tnrnlral.
The workliiKinen of Wnshlueton lire
already manifesting much Interest In
the proposed label carnival to bo held
there n few mortbs hence. In the
meantime the local trades unionists arc
conducting an active campaign In le
half of tho union label. A printer lu
referring to this matter recently snld:
"Tho merchnnts of Washington are al
ready asking where they can purclinse
label goods. Labor unions have de
cided that the uso of the label Is one
of the best ways to fight their enemies.
Courts are kept busy granting Injunc
tions against the boycott, agnluxt pick
eting and other things, but they can
not restrain people from buying goodsi
bearing tho union lnbel." '
Ambition,
'She has $KK).ooo iu her own right."
"IJea wlilaM know of a neat little
circlet of gold thnt I'd like to slip ou
dtr UifL" Cuicau Record lie. ftli.'
IN LOCAL
. MARKETS
Dressed Pork Firm at 71-2
Cents '
EGGS ARE STEADY AT 19c.
Broilers Are on the Matket and Fowls
Are Easier Native Berries in
Small Lota Are Bringing
1820c. .
Barrc. Vt., June -27, li0B.
Dressed- pork is firm, eggs arc steady.
Broilers are on the market and fowls
are easier. We quote wholesale prices
us follows;
Dressed Pork Firm at 7ic
" Veals Fancy, stead v at 8',ic,
Western Lamb n(ci' 12c.
' Mutton OfoMtie.
Vow Is --Plenty, at lCW17c.
. Broilers 22(f, 2.jc per pound.
Eggs Steady market at lOd'rSUe,
UuttcrCreiuncry, -21f.'23c; fancy
d.iiry, 17(u 18c.
Potatoes Common, 80(5 00c per bushel.-
Xative Berries Small lots only are
ready, and bring 18fr20c per basket.
RICKER'S ST. JOHNSBURY MARKET.
Receipts for the Week Not Marked by
Any Special Features. V
St. Johnsbury, June 27. The receipts
at W. A. Bicker's market for Hie week
ending June 2.1, IWifl, are as follows:
.Poultry :ioo pounds, B(.Ul'.
Lambs 150. 7c.
Hogs 400, i(ayy4c. '
Cattle 45, 8fo.-4e.
( Hives 600, 2hjUi ,'c.
Milch Cows GO.
: ' IN BOSTON MARKETS.
Butter Prices Hold About the Same
; Eggs Do Not Change Much.
Boston, June 27. There is no change
in the local butter market. A fair de
mand from theregular trade is rejwrted,
but-speculative- buying is very slack.
Prices hold about as last quoted. Cheese
is still quiet, but prices sre a trifle firm
er in responne to strong interior advices.
Kpgs do not change much. Invoices are
lighter, but offerings are still large.
Fancy freh stock is firm, but the poor
er lots are rather weak.
Quotation follow";
Butter-Creamery, extra Vermont and
Xew Hampshire, 21'ic; northern New
York 21'.i'C, western 21( 21l4, northern
creamery firsts- !(: 20 western
creamery firsts 10(i20c, creamery sec
onds lfifo lKc, creamery thirds 14(al5e,
eastern creamery, best marks 20(i 20Vjc,
fair to good So l'Jc, dairy extras 19c,
common to good 13(o ISc, western ladles
I4f16c, packing stock ISfo : 15c, renovat
ed "butter 15(aI8o, boxes and prints
1 ii'i 22c.
Cheese New York twins fancy 10 c,
fair to gtiod Of" 10c, Vermont twins fan
cv lOV-jc, fair to good y(y 10c, Wiscon
sin twins 9j(ft'lO4r.
Kggs Fancy hennery 23c, eastern ex
iras, lOtfi 2th1, 'common" to good 7C" Ic,
western best marks 17(n INc, choice 16 a
(ifl'e, fair to good y(i 16c, western
dirties lUfo 14c.
Note. The above quotations represent
the prices obtained by receivers for
wholesale lots, and are not jobbing
prices.
COMBINE AGAINST UNIONS.
Paris Rraployera Plan to Stake flares
I IVarkera,
The employers In all tbe tnetallurglc
trades, which Include seventeen of the
most important branches of French In
dustry, have decided to organize
gainst further demands of the work
men. fit a Wwjng Tield onMay 17
they caAie.to aV understanding with
amazing quickness and adopted the
following agreement:
"Considering the present movement
on the part of the workmen, not only
uneconomic, but revolutionary, the un
dersigned employers have decided that
work shall not be resumed In their es
tablishments except on the following
conditions:
''First. We refuse to grant a shorter
day, whether of eight or nine hours.
"Second. We will grant no Satur
day afternoons off. This pernicious
example is copied from the United
States and would corrupt our entire
system, "
"Third. We will not In the future
admit any collective representations
from workmen regarding time or sal
aries. ' '
"Fourth. We will continue the piece
work system In spite of union opposi
tion." -
Then conies the last clause, which
capped the anger of tho men employed
In the metallurglc trades;
"Flfih. Henceforth on the salaries
paid the men employed In our Indus
tiles a tax of 2 per cent will be levied
for the purpose of forming n fund for
the protection of the employers agninst
strikes." ,
On the 300,X.K,000 francs ($(10,000, -00(i)
Annually paid In salaries the fund
would reach about f l.lMHl.ooo. The
new organization has not yet elected
officers or adopted bylaws, but has oh
tained a charter from the state. This
movement, which Is in earnest so far
as Its lpaders are concerned, coming
on top. of the plain avowal of the au
tomobile employees to resume work,
complicates the labor situation, but It
Is thought hardly possible thnt after
morally conceding the nine hour day
the employers will be abb to put
through their radical programme.
Mnirnrn.
It Is estimated that the cataract of
Niagara l 1 ,m,o year old. Tho height
of the fulls vwis. at one period 40 feet.
It la now km) foct.
PLEDGE CANDIDATES
GOOD RESULTS OF THIS PLAN IN
ACTUAL PRACTICE.
How tbe flynlem Can Ha Installed
Without t'hanalna; the Confutation.
I'renent Froarnimme Var the Bm-
toratlon of Popalnr Sovereignty.
To secure desirable changes in the
laws of . the nation as the result of
this year's campaign Is the object of
the American Federation of Labor, ref
erendum leagues and other nonpartisan
organizations. The programme is
uloug two principal tines namely, an
effort to secure legislation through the
existing system of machine rule, and
au effort to change the system by re
establishing in the voters an opportu
nity to ballot direct ou public ques
tions. To change the system requires no
amendment of the constitution, for ma
chine rule came into being without
even a line of statute law. The basis
of machine rule is the delegate con
vention and the failure of the voters
to reserve to themselves' a system
whereby they can Instruct by direct
vote. Previous to the use of the con
vention system, some ' seventy years
ago, the voters possessed a direct veto"
system. At town meetings where that
system existed, and eteewhere at mass
meetings, the voters Instructed by di
rect ballot and ' the representatives
usually obeyed. And, besides, tho rep
resentatives were pledged to Issues by
the voters in each district and not by
machine ruled state and natlouol con
ventions. - - - . .
The re-establishment of a system
whereby the voters can Instruct by di
rect vote will re establish the voters
sovereignty, for through the direct vote
system the voters can secure other
changes In the system of government
Ind while this is taking place the
otcrs can also secure the needed legislation-
Details of the programme
ire set forth in tbe American Federa
tionlst of July 5, 1904, an extra num
ber; Pennsylvania Grange Newa of
September, 1904; Referendum News,
April, 1008, nnd soon to be published
again by tbe American Federation of
Labor.
In 1902 the candidates for congress
In Missouri were questioned as to this
programme by the chairman of the
State Federation of Labor, and of the
sixteen congressmen elected nine were
pledged. Two years later, 1904, the
number was Increased one-third, and It
would have been unanimous had the
candidates In the rural districts been
questioned by the farmers.
This year, 1906', organized labor and
organized farmers, also the business
Interests in the competitive field, real
ize that the senate is controlled by the
giant monopolies. Tbe most effective
way to get relief from the machine
ruled senate, aay the American Fed
eration of Labor, the referendum
leagues, the Pennsylvania granges and
some of the woman suffrage associa
tions, Is to elect legislatures that will
be pledged, first, to rote only for such
senatorial candidates as are pledged to
Install the proposed system of direct
voting by the people, and, second, to
vote to instruct the holdover senators.
Thus a majority rote can be secured
for a system whereby the voters can
Instruct by direct ballot. A majority
vote In the house can readily be ob
tained, as the Missouri experience
demonstrates.
To carry out thla programme simply
requires that it shall receive publicity,
for publicity will cause a considerable
number of voters to scratch their tick
ets if a candidate refuses to. pledge.
In Ohio, for example, last year, the
questioning of candidates by the State
Federation of Labor, State Referen
dum league, the Ohio Woman Suf
frage association and by some of tbe
locals of these organizations gave suf
ficient publicity to the issue to defeat
many of tbe Republicans, who had re
fused to pledge, and elect so many of
the Democratic ' candidates, all of
whom had pledged, that the Democrat
ic representation was Increased nearly
475 per cent. In the state senate and
almost as much in tbe house. Two
thirds the members of each house were
pledged, and the senate has carried out
Its pledge, while the vote In the house
Is to bo taken at the next session.
To help give publicity in the cities
this year the trades unions nnd referen
dum leagues are to question candi
dates, puLlish the replies and take auch
other action as will defeat auch can
didates as refuse to pledge. In the
rural districts the farmers In each
county can be represented by a county
referendum league. Seren citizens are
sufficient to start a league, and the
mere starting, followed by questioning
of candidates for congress and the
legislature, accompanied with a firm
determination to publish the replies
and take such other nonpartisan ac
tion as will secure the desired result,
Will bring inNiedinte success, for no
candidate will be elected who Is gen
erally known to be opposed to an In
crease of power In the voters, but who
Is working for the continuation of ecn
ate rule nnd machine politics.
C.KORGK H. SIIIBLET.
t Itlld Labor.
Child labor means two evils phyd
cnl underdevelopment and Illiteracy.
Thnt children should bo sacrificed
for the support of adults, no matter
bow Indigent, Is f reversal of the law
of nature.
Child labor Is the truest form of rnco
suichlc .lournnl of American Medical
Association. 4
The Shorter Workday,
The Australian workers are making
a move for n six hour day. At a re
cent meeting of the Carlton Trades
council n motion prevailed that the
American nnd British labor bodies bo
Invited to join In the six hour move
ment. Imp.
Imp once nicnnt n child. SlMke
spoarc, ppcaking of the children in tbe
tower, calls them imp.. Jeremy -Taylor
In one of his sermons speaks of
"th beiiuiU'iil iiiijM (hut s:jiig livsutniiis
to the Saviour id tho icuipio.''
tl N 1 M EfjY
THE MILITIA'S
NEW STATUS
Recent Legislation Confers
Many Benefits
AN ESPECIAL PROVISION
Dismissal la the Sentence for Captain
Wynne With the President, How- ;
ever, Rests the Final .
Verdict.
Washington, June 27. Acting Secre
tary of -War Oliver has issued a notice
to the militia officers of the various
.States and Territories telling them of
how they are to emlpoy the benefits con
ferred by the reent legislation. ' At least
25 per cent of the funds allotted by tin
general government for the use of the
national guard must bo expended for
rifle practice. Title to all lands pur
chased . with Government funds for use
as rifle ranges must be vested absolute
ly in the United States; the States fig
uring merely as trustees. Where prop
erty is lost or destroyed through care
lessness,1' its cost will be deducted from
the allowance of the State for the next
year. " ''
ROOSEVELT'S FOURTH OF JULY. '
He Will Speak in Open Lot at Oyster
: Bay. ,
Washington, ' June 27. President
Roosevelt will probably speak in a field
at Oyster Bay on the Fourth of July in
stead of in the new opera house as was
at first planned. Dissension has broken
out among the good people of the town.
The field to be selected is known as the
Robert Jordan lot, where the President
spoke once before when he was governor
of New York. This lot is situated about
half a mile from the center of the vil
lage, and, in order to facilitate the at
tendance of the aged and infirm, as well
as, incidentally, to turn an honest penny
for the liverymen, stages will be run
from the village to the place where the
celebration is to be held. '
LABOR'S WATCHWORD.
Tha Political roller of tfc Amertaaa
Podoratto. .... -
The eonventtoa of the American Fed
eration of Labor many years ago adopt
ed and often thereafter reaffirmed tho
following declsratioa of labor'a polit
ical policy;
"That as our efforts are centered
against a 11 forms of Industrial slavery
and economic wrong, wo must also di
rect our utmost energies to remove all
forms of political servitude and party
slavery, to the end that the working
people may act aa a unit at the polls
of every election.
"That the American Federation of
Labor most firmly and unequivocally
favors the independent use of the bal
lot by the trades unionists and work
Ingmen, united regardless of partyKtit
we may elect men from our own ranks
to make new laws and administer them
along the lines laid down In the legis
lative demands of tbe America a Fed
eration of Iebor and at the urns rJmo
secure au impartial Judiciary that will
not govern us by arbitrary ia junction
of tbe courts or act as the pliant tools
of corporate wealth."
The time is now opportune for tho
tolling masses of our country to carry
Into effect their oft repeated declara
tion. Let the inspiring watchword go forti
that we will stand by our friends and
administer a stinging rebuke to men
or parties who are either indifereat
negligent or hostile and wherever op
portunity afforda to secure the election
of Intelligent, honest, earnest trades
unlonista with clear, unblemished, paid
up union cards in their possession
Samuel Oomaers la American Federa
tion 1st
Proposed Labor Templea.
' The Labor Lyceum company of
Cleveland, O., has. .purchased a site for
a labor temple for $18,000. At presont
there Is a building on the lot, and the
income is sufficient to pay the interest
without drawing upon the Labor Ly
ceum company to meet tho expense.
Labor unionists of Pittsburg have ask
ed for a charter and will oroct a $100,-
CinO tnhnr tnmnl tfneh iitilnn nKanrlK.
Ing for stock will bo entitled t ono
member on tho board.
No Cafe Heron tho Orate.
O ye who pais t. Inidly hstd
In hcufhty, gold created prias,
Who walk tli streets with kingly traad
And brush l!e honest poor fa.
Who think (lis tollers tut tha scum
Of esrth nd always In the wsy.
Know you the time will surely com
Whon you will he ns poor as thsy
That death will lsvl king and Slavs?
Thcrs'il bo no cast tsyond tho grav.
Yeii look with proud and cold disdain
On thosa vlio toll for dally bread;
The clocking of th lahor chain
Yon hir with csrtless tors of hssi;
Ton never shsk a poor man's hand
t'nleas you hv an ax to grind,
Boms new ambition to bs fnnnsd
From coal to flams, t.ut keep In mind
Drttli knows no msstsr, knows no
s:v
ThereT. be no cast beyond tha grava.
This life Is as a quick d'SWB breath
Compared unto sternlty;
"lis but a span from birth to death.
Then out upon the Nlinreteta sea
We drift, ana there- the man Of pride,
WJio ivius e. king upon the etirth,
Mut flo-it as equal iil by Side
With fellow man of humbler birth.
Its eanr.ot rtda a prlvnte stave
Tho t'll be no ca-Ue b-jou4 the gray.