Fisherman & farmer. [volume], August 17, 1888, Image 3

About Fisherman & farmer. [volume] (Edenton, N.C.) 1887-19??

Image provided by: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Library, Chapel Hill, NC

                
FAK3I AND GARDEN.
Hay and Harvest.
Our climate is so warm that the dates
for cutting the grass crop and the grain
will vary materially aud the time will be
very diiierent within localities not far
separated. The maturity of grain pro
ceeds very rapidly toward the end. ,
Every experienced farmer has his view
as to the proper condition in which his
wheat should be cut. While some pre
fer to cut while the grain is still 'in the
dough," others prefer to wait until the
grain is just "out of the dough." "Where
there is a broad area to be harvested, it
is perhaps better to begin a few days
too early than to have the last of the
harvest a few days too late. If hay is to
be sold, it is cut later than if to be con
gumed on the farm; the purchasers pre
fer it so. American Agriculturist.
Remedy for Wire Worms.
The common wire worm is not readily
destroyed by caustics or other applica
tions spread upon the land. These
worms will live for hours in a saturated
solution of salt, also in a caustic lime
moistened with water: and it is not at
all probable that a hundred bushels per J though if preferred they may be packed
acre of either would seriously disturb the ; in boxe?, m dry oats, and the boxes
worms feeding six inches below the sur- , turned.
face. As we cannot readily destroy the I 0. Solutions, greasing the eggs, egg
worms, we should seek to make the grain : preserving preparations, etc., are uu
planted or sown distasteful by soaking necessary, as some of them injure the ap
it in poisons or some strong-scented so- i pearance of the eggs,
lution, or even coating it with such of- 7. Wash every egg clean before placing
fensive substances as coal tar. The , it with the others.
latter has been u?ed for this purpose j If the above rules are followed there
quite extensively, and with excellent re- ! will be no difference between the eggs
suits. A teacupful of soft tar is sufficient so preserved and those that are fresh,
to coat a bushel of seed corn, and then j No person can succeed in preserving
byaddirga few handfuls of dry soil or j eggs who buys them from all sources,
wood ashes the grain is prevented from j and who does not know just when every
sticking together or to the nanus when i
planted. Crows will not pull up tarred
corn, and there are few insects or worms
that will molest it. New York San.
Fitting Bones for Fertilizer.
Strong lve will rapidly disorganize
bones, savs a professor in
a Michigan
iioo-n pjnppi.illr if Hnilpfl in th lvf?r
the ossein or organic matter of bones is j
TJinidlv dissolved and thev become brit-
tie. If wood ashe3 cannot De got in
sufficient quantity, bones may be fitted
for use as leittlizers by breaking into
coarse fragments with a hammer and
then boiling them with a mixture of sal
toda, caustic, lime and water. The or
dinary carbonate of soda or sal-soda
ought not to cost more than three or
four cents a pound when purchased in
quantity. Three pounds of sal-soda and
two pounds of caustic lime boiled up in
two gallons of water will make a solu
tion that will rapidly act ou broken
bones when boiled with them. When
the bones are well softened and brittle,
the whole mass may be mixed with eight
or ten times its volume 01 dry muck, or
turf mould and thoroughly mixed, when
a valuable manure
are will De secured, l ne
potash of woodashes, moreover, is more
valuable as manure than soda.
Some Friends of the Farmer.
In concluding a recent bulletin from
the e Jersey Agricultural Experiment
Station, Rev. George D. Hulst, Ento-
moloist, says
It may also be an advan
torro trw nnint rmf rmA n f trip frifmrls Ctf
the farmer, which, consequently, no !
farmer should destroy, or allow to be de- j
thfisfi are toads, which
are. under all circumstances, the farm
VJ - 7 --
er's friend ; moles and field mice, proba
bly, do a vast deal more of good than
harm; all birds, especially robins, wrens,
thrushes, orioles, cuckoos, phebes, blue ;
birds, woodpeckers, swallows and cat
birds. The destruction of all these
and many others, except for scientific
purposes, should be made, under very
heavy penalties, illegal in every State.
The house sparrow, known better as the
English sparrow, is to be rated an ex
ception. This bird is now universally
regarded as a nuisance, first, because of
its grain and vegetable destroying pro
pensities; secondly, it drives away in
sect destrovinjr birds. Among insects,
many wasps are friends, especially those j
with a more or less protruding norn or
Ktinor at the end of the abdomen
T ndv :
upon destructive insects, especially plant
UULTS aUU 1UUC IUL1 liito ijik """J
. -II 1 i
lice and scale insects, and shouia never
be destroyed. Dragon flies,
darning needles, are also
harmless.
or devil's
useful and
RemovinK Forest Trees.
The following method of removing
forest trees is recommended in the
Prairie Farmer, which says:
4 'It is novel and probably better
adanted to the South than the North,
thoush there are some trees probably '
that it might answer lor here, mere
are few trees mote ornamental than some
of those from our forests, when planted
in open ground and properly cared for
and pruned. There is always more or
less loss connected with transplanting
these trees, which has kept many from
putting them out, but lion. Mr. Bielby
has adopted a method of moving trees
that rlnps nwav with a jrood deal of risk
and loss.
On his place, two miles north ;
d, he has planted a :ow of
of De Land
hollv. oak and other trees
which are doing well and certainly
recommend his plan. In the case of
holly and magnolia he dug up trees that
were from four to six inches in diameter,
and sawed them off at the crown. By
dnimr this a rrrpnr. manv more Can be
more !
carried at one time and much
easily handled. The stumps are planted
in the usual way aud a stake put up to ;
mark the place. In a short time several
shoots appear and these are allowed to
grow for a while and then all but the
most shapely and thrifty are cut off. Mr.
Bielby claims that the tree thus planted
makes a much more thrifty growth, and
places its shape under control and is
much more satisfactory every way. Try
it."
l'reservinr Esrjrs.
Although there are dozens of methods
for preserving eggs, yet but few of them
are worthy of notice.' Limed eggs have
been almcst unsalable this year, and the
lime method will soon be discarded. We
give below a few rules that will enable
our readers to preserve egss in a good
condition for at least three months,
though egrgs have been kept as long as
six months by the process.
1. Always use fresh eggs, and do not
rely on those from your neighbor. You
must know that every egg is fresh, as
one stale egg may injure all.
2. Use eggs only from hens not in
company with cocks, as such eggs will
keep three times as long a3 those con
taining germs of chicks.
3. Keep them in a cool place the
cooler the better. Anywhere near 40
degrees above zero will answer, though
GO degrees will be cool enough for a few
months. Only be careful that eggs do
not freeze.
4. Turn them half over three times a
week, to prevent them from adhering to
the shells. The turning of the eggs is
very important, and is one of the secrets
of success.
5. No packing material is necessary.
Simply lay them on racks or shelves;
egg was laiu, ana it, is on tnac point so
many failures occur. You cannot place
any dependence on eggs except from
your own hens. Even your neighbor is
sometimes unable to prevent getting a
stale egg in among the fresh ones. Never
use stale egrcrs as nest ep:p:s, or allow sit-
ting hens to be in a room with your lay-
ers. I he greatest care should be exer-
cised, and the eggs kept always cool.
Farm and vire&ide.
Farm and Garden Notes.
Strong soap-suds will kill the lice in
the plum trees.
The sure way to break a hen from egg
eating is to cut off her head.
Give plenty of pure water and green
food to hogs in pen at this season of the
year.
The only gain in drilling in corn is in
planting quick and getting fertilizer in
with the seed.
Thorough tillage pays even better when
chemical fertilizers are used than it does
for stable mauure.
If your pigs are in a pasture where
crood water is not plentiful, see to it that
thev have a
they
regular supply.
The
flower
crarden
and
the field will
be the cheapest as well as the loveliest
pasture for those who keep bees.
Many farmers lose half the profit, or
make none at all, from neglect to feed
properly with a view to the growth of
wool and mutton.
If you have any young burdocks about
your farm, cut them down and give to
your horses At this time of the year it
will be good for them both.
For a shady spot under the trees and
shrubs, where the soil is rich and not too
dry, there is nothing more satisfactory
than lily-of-the-vulley. To plant it once,
is to have it forever in the garden.
'A churn should be scalded with boil-
i ing water, made alkaline with washing
1 soda. Every particle of milk or cream
j should be removed. After being well
j washed the churn should be rinsed by
again using boiling water.
Odors in the stable indicate that the air
therein is impure. Use of absorbents is
verv important in summer. Once a week
! the stable should De sprinKiea witu a
j solution made of one pound of copperas
in two gallons of soft water
Everv person keeping poultry should
keep an accurate account with his stock.
i o . . , A xL
r .ifinff an tne exDeuuuuics juuhcu
nJ r A omnilTIT HT TI1H I'! f I I 11.. Mil LUC
I proper sides of the sheet. The losses
should, of course, be charged to the ex
pense account,
j To prevent bees from being poisoned
j by arsenical solutions applied to orchard
j trees, such application should be deferred
: until just after the blossoms have
dropped, at which time it is also the
1 most effective in preventing injury from
' the codling worm.
! Professor H. Muller, an eminent bot-
Li I-i l-l L 11U UXISUUW - j
anists. says that the best time to prune
vines is while the grapes are ripening,
and that the shoots should be selected
for this purpose, as they require for
their development a large quantity of
sugar, to the'detriment of the ripening
fruit.
The brownish bunches which appear
on red cedars are not the fruit, but a
common fungus, a parasite, which grows
i, o., t-ogo Viir. no nthers. It does no
harm flnd thought ornamental by
sJmeJ It is not worth while taking any
pains to prevent them, as the trees do
not suffer.
Plum trees will thrive well in a poul
try yard, and be less subject to the at
tack of the curculio. The trees will re
quire the usual iarring, but the insects
will be destroyed by poultry, lessening
the liability ot damage me sucyeeuiu
year ""thtS t
try yarub.
as a roost.
It is useless to look for a harvest of
honey from weak colonies, and as the
heavy flow occurs generally in June, if
the bee-keeper does not bestir himself he
will be caught with many weak stocks.
Daily stimulative feeding will secure
colonies strong in numbers, with a pow
erful force of willing laborers, ready to
o-ather the honey harvest at any moment
v :;,lf
; it presents itself.
HOUSEHOLD AFFAIRS.
Impromptu Lunches.
A pleasant practice growing in popu
larity with ladies is to oiler to occasional
sailers a cup of bouillon with head straw
or a cup of chocolate with lady fingers.
Perhaps nothing is more instrumental in
giving a woman a good reputation as a
housekeeper than to be always ready to
serve up at short notice an appetizing
little lunch to her own or her husband's
friends. Sandwiches can always be
quickly prepared if fresh bread be in the
larder a dish of preserved fruit is a most
excellent accompaniment to them, rel
ished by both men and women. A jar
of preserved cherries is like fruit cake
keeps forever, is always ready, grows
better with age, and helps many a house
keeper in an emergency. A little cake
with a bit of cheese, and a cup of coffee,
complete the impromptu lunch which
increases u husband's faith in his wife's
resources and capability. These little
secrets concerning the management of
houses and husbands only known to the
initiated, would be well for neophytes
to look into. Djughttrs of America.
Fruit Canninjr at Home.
In canning fruit the quantity of sugar
needed to a quart of fruit as follows:
Cherries oz. G
Strawberries 9
Uaspberriee 4
Law ion lil'Kberries.. s
Field do. 7
trainee lo
Quince and Sweet
Apple "
Peaches oz. 4
Pineapples 6
Crab Applet S
Green tiae Plums... 8
Whortleberries 4
Blueberries 4
Pieplant 11
Pears 4 to 6
Two tablespoonfuls of sugar is near
enough to an ounce without weighing.
All the fruits on the list, with the excep
tion of peaches and pears, may be cooked
and seasoned in granite or porcelain
lined kettles and dipped out while hot
into the cans; these should first be partly
filled with hot water, pouring it out of
each one as you need the can. This
will prevent breaking, and is much
easier than "fixing them up" in cold
water to heat on the stove. The water
put in should be as hot as you can bear
your hand in.
The can should be filled about a third
full of juice before putting in much
fruit, as this will prevent small vacancies
being left to fiil with air and spoil the
fruit. When the cans are nearly full
take the handle of the table-spoon and
press it down all around the inside of the
can between the fruit and the glass.
Be sure and have the juice run ovr a
little when you put the cover on.
After you have cooled and you have
tightened the covers stand them up on
the cover, and if no juice oozes out, they
will be safe to put away in a dark, dry
r.loset. Keep watch of them for a few
weeks, and if they do not ferment in
that time thev will keep for vears.
Peaches and pears should be cooked
in the cans, as in this way they keep
their shape so much better. A labor
saving way of peeling peaches is to put
enough in a pan to cover the bottom and
pour boiling hot water over them, let
ting it remain about a minute if quite
ripe less time will answer and unless
they are very green the skins will slip
off, leaving a smooth surface. I have
often seen the blush on the peach after
it was canned, when peeled in this way.
Some like the stone left in while others
lake them all out. The peachers should
be halved and put in the can, every
piece pit side down, as they look nicer
nd take up less room.
Put in eight even tablespoonfuls of
su"-ar in each can and fill two-thirds full
of "water (too strong of water?) and leav
ing off the rubber, screw the cover on
tight. Ha. e a plank bored with holes
and put it in your tin boiler, set the cans
on this and fill up the boiler with warm
(not hot) water, as high as the top of
the can. I have read directions that
said half way up the hight of the caus,
but I find the fruit at the top will not
be cooked when that below it is. They
should boil from five to eight minutes,
according to the ripeness of the fruit.
It does no harm to take out a can and
try them.
Take them out and seal them one at a
time in this manner: Remove the top
and wipe around the edge of the glass,
then put on the rubber. Use the table
spoon the same as for the other fruit
and then till up the can to overflowing
with boiling water and treat them further
as suggested for the other fruit.
This work is simply repeated for pears,
only there is no easy way of peeling
them. Two or three nice looking stems
in with the white pears add to their
looks, though, of course, there should
not be so many as to give an impression
of canned stems. Ntw York News.
Recipes.
Turnip Pie. Boil sliced turnips
till tender. Then make pastry, not too
rich, and line the sides but not the bot
tom'of a large tin pan. Place on the
bottom a layer of turnip seasoned with
salt, pepper and butter, with the addi
tion of meat gravy if you have it. Then
a layer of pastry, alternating thus until
the dish is full, making the top layer of
pastry. Bake till the pastry is done.
Apple 31 akmalade. Take nice, sound
Russet apple, pare and core, cut in
small pieces, and to every pound of fruit
add one pound of sugur ; put the sugar
to boil, with just enough water to dis
solve it, into a preserving kettle, add
one large lemon to every four pounds of
fruit, boil all together until the syrup
gets thick, then add the apple and boil
until it looks clear. This is well made
with half quince and half apple.
Akrowroot or Cornflour Custard.
One pint of milk, two ounces of arrow
root, or cornflour, two ounces of sugar,
one eg"", a small piece of butter; essence
of leon or flavoring to taste. Put
three-fourths pint of milk on to boil;
mix the arrowroot quite smooth in the
remainder, add to it the beaten egg and
suar, and pour into the milk when
boiling. Add butter and boil five min
utes, stirring constantly. Flavor, pour
into a dish, and brown before the fire or
in a brisk oven.
MUCH of the chafing of children under the joints where the skin
lies' in folds is due to the use of Soap containing too much
alkali. In the Ivory Soap there is no excess of alkali, so it can
be used in the nursery with the most satisfactory results. When
applying it, rub a wet cloth upon the Soap, then wash tenderly, but
thoroughly, and rinse perfectly, especially the folds of flesh, with
clear water, and dry with equal care. Prof. Leeds, of the Stevens
Institute of Technology, says: "The Ivory Soap, while strongly
cleansing, leaves the skin soft and pleasant to the touch."
A WORD OF WARNING.
There are many white soaps, each represented to be "just as good as the MvoryV
they ARE NOT, but like all counterfeits, lack the peculiar and remarkable qualities of
the genuine. Ask for "Ivory" Soap and insist upon getting it.
Copyright 18S6. by Procter fc Gamble. .
THE LIVER.
Works with the Stomach and the Stomach
with the Liver. You must have good bile
to have perfect digestion, and free liver ac
tion to have pure blood. Therefore beware
of a congested Liver, which is nothing more
than a thickened and cJogged Liver. The
great reducer of congestion is Schenck's
Mandrake Pills.
BILIOUSNESS.
An early and ugly form ofliver trouble. It
is blood poison. The Liver is not taking the
bile ingredients from the blood. Treat it
with Schenck's Mandrake Pills and make it
do so.
BREAKING DOWN
If you have neglected the laws of health too
long and feel that your lungs are involved
in any way, send for Dr. Schenck's new book
on the Lungs, Liver and Stomach. It is sent
free, and will be of infinite service to you.
Tip Jphpnplr7! f pulmonic syrup
lil.&UiBUlib SEAWEED TONIC,
i Medicines: i mandrake pills
are sold by all Druggists. Full printed di
rections with each package. Address all
communications to Dr. J. H. Schenck & Son,
Philadelphia. Pa.
WELLS'
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AMagicCom-
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Elegant for
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Superior to any Powder, Paste or Liquid for
toning down red or flushed face. Effaces Tan,
Sunburn, Freckles, Pimples, Coarseness, Sal
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bottles at Druggists and Fancy Goods Dealers,
or by Express, prepaid, on receipt of price.
E. S. Wells, Chemist, Jersey City, N. J., U.S.A.
"ROUGH ON NEURALGIA," $1.00. Drag.
"ROUGH ON RHEUMATISM," $1.50. Drug.
"ROUGH ON ASTHMA," $1.50. Druggists.
"ROUGH ON MALARIA.' 31.50. Druggists,
or prepaid by Kx. E. S. Welia Jersey Citv.
R0UGHohC0RHSsI'&sI5c.
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FLY KILLER
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A FINE, SURE MEDICINE.
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Doravtlle, ua. t
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