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PAGE FOUR KiliOEffSON DAILY DISPATCH It, HHPA. *>.blt.k«4 Evrrr XifTmtUk Sandftr __ iBNDERSON DISPATC* JCOrf UTO» at 10 Voaa# Str—t , , , , Vmmr A. DENNIS. Preii lWltot m?L FINCH, Scc-Trwaß and Bin. Mgr, 'IKLEPfiONES , .j. lEAftorial Office *•© Vutffnen Office ¥he Reridersyn Daily Dispatcli Ri k toetnber or the Associated Press. NOW*- 'D&tier Enterprise Association, Soijtn* (rn Newspaper Publishers Association and the North Carolina Prewi AKltt>cTa ' Troll The Associated Press Is exclusively ftoftltidd to use for republidatloU All •ews dispatches credited to it or ,»«# otherwise credited in this paper, and Also the local news published herein. All rights of publication of special dispatches herein are also reserved. iim»citr»*rioi% pmc«ti, « Pn>bi>le siri.-tly In Advnnee, jpne Year *s4s »X Months *.£# Three Months Lj>o Per Copy •»* N oriels TO SUItSCItIBEJIt*. fjook at the printed label on your paper. The date thereon shows whpp the subscription expires. Forward yefur money in ample time for re aeVr&l. Notice date on label carefully aid If not correct, please notify us A* once. Subscribers desiring the on their paper changed, please state In their communication both the OLD add NEW address. Rh timid I Advertising Heiireseatntlves idIOMT, I.AMiIS '3k KORN 111 Park Avenue, New York City; II Bast Wacker Drive, Chlckgo; Walton Bhllding, Atlanta; Security Building Rt. Houle. Bhtered at the post office In Hender n. N. C., as second class mail matter iw—ts« dtmtis.iSiidia»»ni(i WdslfclH TRUSTING GOD: O Lord my God. in thee do I put my trust; save me from all them that pursue me, and deliver me. —Psalm 7: 1. igl *f~jAMES~ ASWEtt-j 1 New York, 4—The town Ir fragments: Burlesk shQWs hereabout once waverng 0 n the borderline of th< utterly unpresentable, would seen much tamer, almost respectable frbr a couple glimpsed brefly of a recen ; afternoon, in a dusty downtown sta tloner’s window, a pamphlet entitle* “What’s New About Sex’’, with thl : addition in small type under the title “copyright 1910’’. Well, maybe noth ing much new has been discovered oi * the topic. i i Hint to Balkan generals weary 6 frumpery in the costuming of the : i milita, the uniforms of the Radio Cit- Roxy ushers. Heard from the Wps o a nice old lady in Sixth Avenue. “I : Roxy the English pronunciation c 1 Rothafel—like these long names tha ! roll up short, like?” The elevated station a few yard away from the new Roxy has beer < spruced up more tonily than Mari i t Dressier In a next year’s Paris mode The effect is odd, almost unnerving The ancient structure suddenly goe modernistic in a gleam of silves, doll ed-up stairs and platform. But 61 most immediately it lapses into It rusty tatterdemalion, dream of th nineties. For the long haul ujirtoWi down. . > J “BEGGAR’S OPERA” Mendicants in the deepest turmoi of th e congested area could grow riel if they devoted as much ingenuity t; I legitimate business as to new sche mes for mooching. 1 A ragged young man took my atT. the other night in Broadway, mur muring, “Say, feller, look t this, i ; letter to my wife, who’s lad ui|> sick i Loan me three cents to j>ost it. ’’ i! watched him work the same speel oi j half a dozen othres in the crowd, col f lecting from most. LITTLE LIVES Helen had been in the Vanities; chorus for a month, “when politic. ! ruined things.” Isabel lived in Thei Bronx, was downtown window Shop I ping one Saturday afternoon and drojj ped in to land a model’s job. Rebec-If ca’s father was a friend of the storJ proprietor. Jane went to Now York university night school and was paying tbitkm from her earnings, $3 a day. Eunice thought it was none of my business how she happened to be a model, and' she was just as good 6s society gitfl who gadded about and looked dofcft on her. Technically, Eunice was wrong, because she parades in a Seel ond-story show window and every! body passing, even brimo Camera] must look up to her all day long, The girls work In shifts of a few minutes stalking, turning smiling} opening of wraps. Then a fetor min-! utes’ rest. Salaries Vary but slj( weekly-running as high as S3O in ex J ceptional cases—is the norm. madiiattanlirama Once in so often tragedy swisheS strictly personal wings across thei path even of those who toil reporting; it—along with comedy—of others in the swirl. Last night I phoned a friend to ride! up to Harlem in his car. He was go-j ing, I knew. He said call ba!ck promptly at midnight. I was 15 min utes late —and he went without me. On the way he smashed into a truck, was seriously injured and his com panion killed. Thus the wings brush —and I knock on wood. I' tocai WmAY’S ANNlfaSt&Afckfes i 1716 Aaron Burr, IPresbyterian j clergyman, college president, father of illfated Vice President, born at Fair-, field. Conn. Died at Princeton, N. J. ' Sept. 1757. i. 1780—Horace Binney, Philadelphia lawyer, one of the country’s greatest of his ,day, born in Philadelphia. Died‘ tKefe, Aug. 12, 1875. 1785—Jacob Gffmm, famous Ger man philologist, co-author, with his ‘brother, of immortal fairy tales, born’ bled Sept. 20, 1863. 1813—Isaac Pitman, English inven tor of the shorthand system hearing his name, born. Died Jan. 22, 1897.' 1838 —Charles S. Stratton, the fa mous .dwarf known as “Tom Thumb”, bhrn at Bridgeport, Conn. Died at Middieboro, Mass., July 15, 1883. 1856 —•William Goebel, the Kentucky governor whose death almost brought : the State to civil war, born at Car bondale, Pa. Shot by an assassin, Feb. 3, ,1900. 1874 —Georgel K. Burgess, noted physicist, director of the U. S. Bureau, of Standards, born in Newton, Mass. Died in Washington, D. C., July 2, 1932. TODAY IN HISTORY 1784—Treaty ending the Revolution-* ary War ratified by Congress. 1883 —The Pendleton Act, or Civil Service Reform Act, passed by Con gress . v 1896 —Utah admitted to the Union. j TODAY’S BIRTHDAYS Admiral Frank H. Schofield, U. S. N., Who today reaches the statutory ige of retirement, born at Jerusalem, N. Y., 64 years ago. Carter Glass, U. S. Senator from Virginia, secretary of the Treasury under Wison, born at Lynchburg, Va. 75 years ago. . John Thomas, U. S. Senator from Tdaho, defeated at the last election, born at Phillips Co., Kans., 59 years Igo. George H. Houston of Philadelphia, president Os the Baldwin locomotive, jorn at Covington, Ky., 50 years ago., Charles Gibbs Adams, noted Los Angeles landscape archtect, born there 19 years ago. Prof. Niels E. Hansen, South Da kota Agriculture Congee’ horticultur ist, brginator of many new fruits, born h Denmark, 67 years ago. Max Eastman, New York author-ed itor, born at Cannandaigua, N. Y., 50 years ago. A. fe. Copipard, a noted English poet and novelist, born 55 years ago.; TODAY’S tiOROSCOI'F The keynote of this day is Aspir xtion. There is a disposition to ad /enture. Artistic In taste, these na ed; guarding against this they are ,ures soetimes becortie easily corrupt wellminded. There is a great tend ency toward Oriental customs and lAvel. 4 • SCORE OF FLAKES START FOR SOOTH Richmond, Va., Jan. 4.—(APP) —Up i vards of a score of planes, their whirling propellers headed southward ■ were taxiled into position today for be continUatioft of their second an nual air cruise to Florida. Ltincri awaited the filers in Char- . leston, S. C-, after refuelling stops at Ralegh, N. C., and Florence, S. C. and from Charleston they will push on to Florida. '• WpOGERS \j "says: hills, ‘Calif., Jan. 4. Hello, Mister, was you evbr asked W> Hik fee 'k NeW Year’s prediction ? “Say. I, never been asked to eat oh fceto Year's.” Have you ever been appointed on fe commission?” t “NO, nor in jait either.” b<> yob read prominent men’s predictions? “Nb, i A’eVer read fiction.” Hive you a job? “Wo, 1 am bn a diet” WhAt dbes the New Year hold in store for you? “Ufcat New Yefar? Have they got another one?” ho yob iMnlt the world leaders can ret us out of this? “They might. Ignorance got bs in.” Wliat do you think of techno cracy? “Nothing ybb can’t spell will eVer Work.” What about the debts? “Won, i hear Ebgtabd paid 29 millions, hut it’s only hearsay as htr as /the un emp fbyib ebt is con- I cerned.” TW you think We will get out of tms übplresrtbb jttst because we got out of all the others? “lihfcfe bt folk's drown that’s tteen in the Water hetbre.” What will give the unemployed 1 eMV>Tbyniebt? Ts sbbiebody WWI throW a ttion- ‘ WeV Wreneb Thtb the machinery.” Wb’n’’t light wines and beer he t a bhr aid tb the poor? “They Wlil It they gWe ’’ebi ; away.” j,, .. ; Won’t ’3S v iSee a change tor the i better? _ Ji “I don’t think so. We haven’t : suffered enough. The Lord Is re paying us for' our foolishness dur ing prosperous days. He is not quite ready to let us out of the dog-house yet.” I will haul yott down the road it ypb like. “WbaVfc down the road? I been t o both ends. One iWhbe is as good as another.” Well, good luck to you. “Yes, that’s What my Congress man said.” Yours, WILL. HENDERSON, (N.C.J DAILY DISPATCH WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 4, 1983 Farm Problem Grips Nation / Billions Los t • Backbone of Buying Power Broken by Agrarians’ Plight sketches on the 'problems faciiig President-elect Rioosevelti) By LESLIE EICHEL To understand the problems facing President-elect Roosevelt, we must ap. proach them one by one. The one causing, the deepest con cern to the incoming chief executive of the United States is believed to be the farm problem. ; Farmers outnumber an yother class of people on the North American" con tnent. The farm population of the United States is estimated at 31,260,000 They, not city folk, are chief buyers. And they are the chief ship pers. i Backbone tof Business In countries like the Untied States and Canada, in Spite of all the indus tries and towns and cities,, farmers jiV———— ~ I 4 5 2 cl 1 i"r—^ 1910 ti 14 16 ts 20 n A 26 la 30 Jt Chort I. Form intom. in U. S. ihOwn in billioni of dollars b* years in upper curve. Total form income Is now leu Ibon Hie pre-War level of 1910-19 M. lower doited curvo shews trend of form exports. 8° I — —— £7O A ; = 60 Z!X c so jA ZTi c 40 * E *3O =« J —7 than 11. Totol yoke o* fo'ms ■* 0 S. In billions of dollars vears. Jtie slymo in term values storied in 1970. The safionol overage oi form vpiuei atandt n t R 9 ner rent Hm evofooo of 1910-19fi. constitute the backbone of business for vrtually every industry. Farming has suffered a calamity 1 such as has been unknown in modern times. Many prices are the lowest ever recorded. Gross farm incomes in the United; States dropped from $11,950,000,900 in 1929, to $5,240,000,000 in 1932, a de crease of 56.2 per cent. Expenditures, nowever, dropped only from $6,621,000,000 to $3,920,000,000 a decrease of only 40,8 per cent. Net balance, therefore, showed a decrease of 75.2 per cent in four years. Only s2ll a Year The average net income available for each farmer in 1932 amounted to approximately s2ll. Try to live on that! And over the farmer hangs between nine and ten billion dollars of mort gages—mortgages that were made when land values were inflated. Short term indebtedness aggregate prob ly four billion additional. When, on top of all that, if, say, a mortgage of SI,OOO was made 10 years ago, it would require perhaps the equivalent of $1,400 to pay it off today, due to the fluctuation of currency values. i Is it any wonder that the presi-: dent-elect of the United States is de-' voting intense study to the agricul tural crisis? Farmers, as well as city folk, virtually are starving in the midst of plenty. Next : What Can Be Done? Cooperatidn Is Already Keynotejof Legislature ' 1 ■ V . j' i 1 ' i (Continued from Page One.) nances. But that is not the case this year. Both new and old members seem already well informed about the condition of the State’s treasury. They know the approximate amount of the State’s expected deficit, what the ope rating deficit will be this year and the discerepency between revenue and expenditures under the present reve nue law. Many of them have either already read the report and recom-; mendations of the State Tax Com mission or the resume of it carried in the newspapers. Most' of them also have pretty well defined ideas con-; corning what the State is going to Kave to do about it and where it is gbing to ge tthe money. There is some very strong sentiment in favor of ; a general sales tax on gross sales, similar to the Mississippi sales tax law. The sentiment for this gen-i eral sales tax also seems to be grow l i ing, since more and more are publicly expressing the opinion that while;; they are personally opposed to the principle of any kind of sales tax, that, they see no other way out of the pres- i ent dilemha. There also seems to be Strong senti ment n opposition to th efirst and sec ond recommendations of the State Tax Commission. The first of these was for a reduction of $3,000,000 a year , in the expenditures ffrom the general fund, which would hence call for an additional reduction in salaries of all State employes, including school teachers, of about 20 per cent below present levels. The second recom mendation called! for the diversion of $2,000,000 a year from the State high way fund to the general fund. But many of those who have already stu-j died the facts and figures seem con-! vinced that no money can or should! be diverted from the highway fund fori other than highway purposes. As a result, a great many think that these two methods for getting $5,000,- 000 a. year in additional revenue are pretty much the bunk and that the State must hence find at least $5,000,- 000 a year in new revenue. Quite a number also think the proposed “re placement taxes” with which it is pro posed to recapture th e $3,800,000 that will be lost through the repeal of the 15 cents property tax, will hot yield ■i the amounts estimated. Some Also doubt the wisdom of increasing any of the license or franchise tax sche dule any higher and are convinced that the State will have to t'tirn to other tax sources in order to replace the $3,800,006 that will be lost through, the repeal of the 15 cents property tax. because of these opinions and con victions, more and more thought is turning to consideration of the gene ral sales tax as just about the only remaining source of revenue that can supply the amount needed. It is es timated that a two per cent gross sales tax on manufacturers, wholesalers and retailers will yield from $8,000,000 to $10,000,000 a year, which is the approx imate amount of new revenue heeded to meet even a moderate operating budget. It is evident that most of the mem bers of th!s Assebly have already don e more than the usual amount of independent thinking and that they are not goig to whste much time. Roosevelt Invited To Deliver Speech To Session Jan. 18 (Continued from T*age One.) Fox, of Forsyth, which invited Roose velt to address the legislature on or about January 18, when he passes through North Carolina en route to Warm Springs, Ga. The House got three measures in tended to bring about a cut in the cost of State government. One re- 1 solution by Makepeace, of Lee, and Newman, of New Hanover, would ask legislators to take a 20 percent pay cut in their constitutional salary of S6OO. Elective officers were the object of the other two measures, arid the au thors explained the bills rnust be passed today if the cuts are to be ef fected this year, as salaries es elec t.ve cannot be cut after they have assumed office, and they will be sworn in tomorrow. The first measure, which ftoucc took up at once .under suspensiori ' of the rules on an 89 to 23 vote, would cut the pay 15 per cent. It would give the governor $8,500 annually, instead of $10,050, and other cuts would be in proportion. It was introduced by Re presentative Johrison, of Chatham, Flanriagan, of Pitt, and Lumpkin, of Franklin. The other sent up by Scar borough of Richmond, and Williams, of Duplin, would reduce the gover nor’s bay from $10,060 to $7,600 an nually gnd would place the other elec-, tive officers, who form the Council of State, on a $3,000 basis. These of ficials—secretary of state, attorney general auditor, treasurer and super intendent of public instruction—now get $4,500 to $7,500 annually. Organization of the two divisions was a formality. The House named Reginald Lee Harris, of Person, as its speaker, and Senator William Grimes Clark, of Edgecombe was named president pro tem of the Senate. All other nominees of the caucuses last night w ; ere elected. OPENING SESSION OF 1933 ASSEMBLY PERFUNCTORY ONE (Continued trom rage One.) was principal clerk of that body in 1931, presided until after the election of the president pro tem, Senator W. G. Clark, of Tarboro. Senator Clark was selected as the choice of the Democrats for this office at their caucus last night. In the absence of Lieutenant Governor Richard T. Foun tain, still prevented by illness from being present, Senator Clark took 1 over the gavel as president pro tem as soon as he had been sworn in and proceeded to preside over the Senate for the remainder of the session. He will remain its only presiding offi cer until after the official inaugura tion of Governor J. C. B. Ehririghaus and Lieutenant Governor A. H. Gra-! ham at noon tomorrow. The House was called to order by Thad Eure, principal clerk of the House during the 1931 session. Follow ing the calling of the role, the elec tion of the speaker was in order and; Reg L. Harris, of Roxboro. Person county, was elected speaker. He had previously been designated as the can. didate of his party* at the Democratic caucus last night. As soon as Harris ‘ had been officially sworn in as speak-; er, he took over the gavel frorn the! principal clerk and the House pro ceeded to the election of its other of-! ficers. Thad Eure was again elected prin cipal clerk and lie will proceed at once with the organization of his of-! fice. , , ; In the Senate, Leßoy Martin was : again elected principal clerk. Coincident with the convening of; the Senate today, Lieutenant Goverr nor Graham announced the Senate; Committee on rules. The chairman of! this committee is Senator W. Clark, of Edgecombe, who is also president pro tem, while the members are Senators T. W. Long, of Roa noke Rapids; E. F. Gri(fin of Louls buTg; P- P. McDuffee of Henderson; D. J. Walker, of Burlingtqn; A. H. Gwyn, of Reidsville; W. C. Burgin, of Lexington; Haden Clement, of Salis bury; It. M. Hanes, of Winston- Efalehi; E. M. Land, of Statesville, and R. Grady Rankin, of Gastonia. Lieutenant Governor Graham will announce additional committees fol lowing the joint session tomorrow, he said today. Speaker Harris also announced the I chairman and members of the House committee on rules following the j close of the House session. J Always important, because they make the rules under which the Sen • ate and House operate, the commit tees on rules are expected to be more I “Bored To Death” <• ( 1o IT, 160TTA 1 important than ever this year. For these committees determine to a very large extent the amount of patronage to be handed out in the form of jobs for pages, clerks and assistant clerks of various sorts. Indications are that these committees are going to coop erate with both Lieutenant Governor Graham and Speaker Harris and hold the number of employes in both houses down to a minimum. The num her of pages and clerks employed by both hoUsese is ekpected to be smal ler than ever before, in order to ef fect as much economy as possible. Two years ago there were some 90 employes of the Senate, put on with the approval of the lieutenant gov ernor and the rules committee, al though there were only about 37 em ployes in the House. iFollowing the completion of the routine business, both the Senate and House adjourned until 12 o’clock noon tomorrow at which time Governor elect Ehringhaus, Lieutenant Gover nor Graham and all the recently elect' CROSS WORD PUZZLE | i 2 3 * e *7 lo II — a ‘3 " - j- ~ " 20 a ‘ 22 * WW— <—4&—W. 24 S 5 ; ] 26 27 2£> ' isT” : " —1— i"™""" si*amMH|L 0 -—- ■'dif .11 " < j3l ' 32 33 j * 34, i 35 ' 2p,_ : m __: VVfVU 33 <%//, 40 Al 43 <4-3 -44 2— | : , —J222 1 .~. ; Wr — 50 ; s] ■ wmmk mmm wmmm mb yjjfjgy ■■>■ hhh ■■■■ ACROSS I—Sawmtjll—Sawmtjl gate 6 —Rodent B—Undecided » 12— Cherish • . , ~ *, 13— debus'of tree* 1 »f * 14— Tunes n ; 15— Co.ns|s( ; in's: of two terms 17— Feminine name 18— More capable 19 — Devoured 20— The hack of the neck 22—Tangle 24—Thinner 26—Slants 29 Mountains in S. America .50—part of the head 31—Inch ha t ions 24—Thinly scattered 30— Infant 37—Young horse 3S—AVing 10—Sinned 12—Wrath 15—Apparition 17— Observe 18— Cervidrae 19 — Forbearance 50 — Heaven 51 — Type measures 52 — Requests ftdV'N 1— Asterisk 2 Melody v 3 Entertain 4 Possesses ' w 5 Eraser G —Seed covering I—Doctrines1 —Doctrines B—SpitzB—Spitz dog ed State officials will be formally in augurated. The first working session of the Senate and House will not be held until Friday. Refinancing Agriculture Hailed as Surest Mantter of Shedding Depression (Continued from Page One.> nize that he no longer is entitled to it), would be endurable but he must pay 5 1-2 or 6 per cent interst also. Thus he must raise yearly, in cash, 7 or 7 1-2 per cent of the amount of his loan, a well-nigh hopeless task for the average farmer at present. The farmer whose creditor is his local country bank, a distant savings institution or one of the big insur ance companies, is in a still worse plight. His mortgage, In all probability, is 'J—Lamb's pen name 1 0—Cleanliness 31— Valley 3 ti—Spoken 3 B—Monkey 21—About 2 3 —Pe-VthjnihiTMo tone : ' 24 Pillar j 25 Enlisted ! 27 Shares ( 28— Dishop’s dioceSO 32 — Accomplishes 33 Chevron 34 Perceives 35 Legume 38— Military assistant 39 Opposite of weather 41 —Wander 43 Stone 44 — Increases 46 Vase i - 47 Grassland Answer to Previous Puxtle £sh*;Tjs[ vlv- l. O.JbS ■gft.EAtA bII,IeI OXi_ A J,J fe rsUso Ofrl l jIJsJ f=.r S AjjafeiUi-lA. Tfel "11 m; 6 Mi AW 65 5* >4 A; «S f'zls.' Qf l WlJnrTl^l *-U3s32!m at most on a five-yearly basis, and with each renewal he must put up a fresh commission. His interest rate is 7 or 8 per cent, and it is most unlike ly that there is any provision for amortization, which, if that Iso be reckoned, brings the total rate up to 8 1-2 and 9 1-2 per cent. Yet even the federal farm loan sys tem (to say nothing of the savings banks and insurance companies) is unable to make more moderate terms, for the system itself must raise its money, to loan to the farmers, by the sle of its 4 1-2 per cent bonds, and its bonds do not sell at par, either. Naturally there must be a margin be tween the interest the system pays on its bonds and the interest it charges the farmer. Moreover, it has been found that a 1 per cent margin is not quite sufficient to meet losses and overhead. Senator Frazier proposes to ter minate the system’s public sales of 4 1-2 per cent bonds. Instead he would provide for the issuance by the farm loan board of 1 1-2 per cent bonds, on which the federal reserve system would be re quired to issue its notes (currency) to the bonds’ par value —this money to be loaned to the farmers at 1 1-2 per cent, to refinance them. That is to say, with the new legal tender so advanced to them, they would pay off their old obligations, principal and all thenceforward hav ing only 1 1-2 per cent interest to pay, plus 1 1-2 per cent for amortiza tion, or a 3 per cent total, as com pared with 7 per cent, and upward, as heretofore. Pack Up Your I Troubles Monday and Tuesday by coming to Hie New Theatre Watch Saturday’s Paper | Dk. K. H. Pattersok Eyt Sight Sfxcuhtf Bekdbbsoh, K.O. SEABOARD Affi‘ LINE RAHWAY TRAINS' HEAVE HENDERSON AS FALLOWS No. NORTHBOUND 108—8:48 A. M. for Richmond. Washington, NewATork, connect ing at Norlfna with No. 18 ar riving I’ortsmonth-Niorfotk 12:05 P. M. with parlor-dining car ser vioe, 4 2:*08 P. M. for Richmond and Portataobth, Washington, New Yorlt. 192—9:48 P. M. for Richmond ■ - Washington and New York. •—3:28 A. M. for Portsmouth- Norfolk Washington. New Yprk. No. SOUTHBOUND < 191—5:43 A. M. for Savannah, i Jacksonville, Miami, Tampa, St. Petersburg. 3 — 5:45 P. M. for Raleigh, San ford, Hamlet, Columbia, Savan nah, Miami. Tampa, St, Peters v burg. ! *07—7:85 P. M. for Raleigh, Ham let, Savannah, Jacksonville, Miami, Tampa, St. Peters barg, Atlanta, Birmingham. 5 A M. for Atlanta, Blrtn inghajv, Memphis. For information call on H. M- Pleasants, DFA., Raleigh, N. U-, or M C Capps, TA , fteudiranu. r °