fAOE isiuirr.
EOCXJIIGHAn POST-DISPATCH
' Continued from pate serea .
Carrie Nation broke Into tha limni
light la the faU of 1900 and mad her
nam a household word la newspaper
omces and most American homes. She
waa Mrs. David Nation of Meijlclne
Mxiffe, js.aa, ana a member In good
and regular standing of the W. C. T.
U. It Is said that her first husband
died of delirium tremens. , Anyway,
uarne ration had another and more
apparent Incentive to use her hatchet
on saloon furniture, And wield that
, hatchet she did; its fame temporarily
eclipsed that of the Father of .Els
Country. . V
Carrie Nation's Little Hatchet
Kansas was legally a '. prohibition
state.' As a matter of fact prohibition
was but name and the saloons of the
slate were wide open. The general
plan was to fine a saloon $25 a month
for breaking the law; that solved the
license difficulty. In short, prohibition
In Kansas had broken down complete
ly in the ten years It had been noml
nally In force, and the state authori
ties had not the courage either to
modify the law or enforce It Carrie
Nation took the situation Into her own
hands.
Carrie Nation first visited Kiowa
and broke up two saloons with her lit
tle hatchet . Then she went to Wichi
ta and broke op two more. She was
put in Jail, kept there for several days
, .jiiiiiii mniiwuiiimuiuMjii
mMiiiiiriiiiiiiiiniiiiitiiiii,niMMr,i.aMiftto
1 Mrs.. Carrie Nation. :j
I '" . : . .... " ' " r
and then released. She broke up an
other saloon and was not even arrest
ed. She went to Topeka and made an
appeal to Governor Stanley. He told
her he did not approve of her methods.
She also addressed both houses of the
state legislature. She visited Chicago
and other, cities, between times contin
uing the work of smashing saloon fixtures.,-
f "...
i . 8tatea Enact Dry Laws. -
. ' The activities of these early Jeaders
of the prohibition movement gradually
brought nbo'ut the enactment of state
legislation prohibiting or regulating
the sale of liquor. Some of the early
state laws provided for local option,
which made possible local prohibition,
s in .Connecticut in 1639.
j 1837 Neal Dow, alarmed by the
cast quantities of rum entering Maine
through the West Indian trade, began
his agitation for prohibition In that
state. Stringent regulation of the
liquor traffic was established in sever
al states, but the passage of the Maine
prohibitory law in 1851 afforded the
first real test of prohibition. Massa
chusetts and Rhode Island in 1852
passed laws forbidding the sale of
jlflQf; these laws were subsequently:
r-eppaled. Massachusetts adopted local
tottpfl by towns, Iowa passed a con
sHttitlffflnj amendment n 1883; it was
declared Told and was superseded by a
statute (1884). This in turn was done
away with by the famous Mulct law,
which itself was modified. Several
states rejected prohibition sought to
be secured either through statute or
fc constitutional amendment Kan
sas, adopted prohibition lq 18Q0 and a
lifla later openly violated the law. So
hans was spasmodic activity la most
farta of the country toward pro
jbltlon, but it was without plan
tsokealqn. When the ratification of the
eighteenth amendment began the sltua
ttiro if state as to prohibition waa aa
tadAcnted hy the following table;
Prohibition $tates and Data of Going
, V Into Effect,
Maine (Constitutional) ,,,,,,,,,, ,1851
Kansas (Con,)... ,,,,,,,,,,1880
North Dakota (Con.) , , f , . , .1889
Oklahoma (Con.) .ioor
Georgia (Statutory) ....,,,.,,,,,1908
North Carolina (Stat) .,.,.,,,,,19011
Mississippi (Stat.) ,1009
Tennessee (Stat) ,1009
,'Weat Virginia (Con.) 1014
Alabama stat). ........... ,..10ia
Artsona (Con.). ,...1015
Virginia (Stat) .1919
Colorado Con.) ,1016
Oregon (Con.) ..................1916
Washington (Stat) .; ........... .1916
Arkansas (Stnt)..... 1916
towa (Stat) ........1910
tdaho (Con.)... .......7 1910
South Carolina (Stat) .......... .1910
Nebraska (Con.) .........191T
South Dakota (Con.) ............ .1918
District of Columbia (Stat )...... 191T
Uaska (Stat) ..................1918
ndiana (Stat) ............... . .1918
if ichlgaa (Con.) ..... ; . ......... .1918
few Hampshire (Stat) ......... .1918
tfontana (Con.). ....... '..Dec. 81, 1918
few Mexico (Con.) .............1918
Texas (Stat). .................. .1918
lorida (Con.)..... Jan.1. 1919
Jtah (Con.) ....................19X9
v.io (Con.) ................ .,,.,1919
rooming (Con.) ....,.,.,.1926
; :a CVa.) 1919
HFTY YEARS OLD
Was Organized for National Po
. litical Action in 1869.
FIRST POLLED 5,607 VOTES
John P. St John's Stirring Campaign
f 1884 Great Work of Miss Wik
lard and he W. C. T. U. In .
Suppressing Intemperance.
Final triumph for its "cause came" to
the national Prohibition party almost
at the time of its golden jubilee, It
came into existence fifty years ago
next September In Farwell ball, Chi'
cago, by the act of a convention of
about 600 . delegates representing 19
states. -
For several years the, formation of
such a party had been discussed be
cause the leaders of the Republican
and Democratic parties had virtually
ignored the advocates of prohibition.
The Good Templars, organized In 1851
as a society of total abstainers, urged
such action, and other leaders believed
it necessary. At a state temperance
convention held In Pennsylvania in
1867 the plan was first publicly broach
ed, and two years later on May 29,
1869, the call for the Chicago conven
tion was put out by the grand lodge of
the Good Templars in session at Os
wego, N. T. A committee to formulate
the plans was named, conprlsing John
Russell, Detroit ; J. A. Spencer, Cleve
land, O. ; James Black, Lancaster, Pa. ;
John N. Stearns, New York, and Dan
lei Wllklns, Blodmlngton, 111. The con
vention called by this committee or
ganized the party en September 1,
adopted a platform and appointed a
national committee of which John Rus
sell was chairman. .
r First; National Ticket ,
Nearly three years later, on Wash
ington's birthday 1872, the new party
met In convention In Columbus, O., to
place a national' ticket in the field.
James Black was nominated for presi
dent and John Russell for vice presi
dent Mr. Black was a prominent Good
Templar and also was one of the
founders of the National Temperance
Society and Publication house and of
the Camp Meeting association at
Ocean Grove, N. J. Mr. Russell; also
a leader of the uooa Templars and a
Methodist minister, was known as the
father of the Prohibition party, for he
published a newspaper, the Peninsulai
Herald, which led the way in advocat
ing the organization of the party foi
political action.
With all their devotion to the cause,
the Prohibition leaders had no hope oi
success in the election of 1872, and
they were not disappointed. Their
ticket received only 5,607 votes. This
did not discourage them, and foui
years later they put Green Clay Smith
of Kentucky and Gideon T. Stewart
on the ticket These gentlemen re
ceived 9,737 votes. General Neal Dow
of Maine, who had gained fame as the
author of the Maine Prohibition law,
was the next presidential candidate,
In 1880, with H. A. Thompson In sec-
place on the ticket They polled
only 10,366 votes.
St John's Hot Campaign,
When the plans were being laid for
the campaign of 1884, Frances Ek V11
hard and her fellow workers of the W,
Q. V- entered the field. They sent
q the Republican convention a great
petition asking that consideration be
given the pleas of the temperance ad
vocates, hut it was Ignored and even
thrown Into, the dirt on the floor, and
Ml Wlllnrd promptly turned to the
Prohibition party. Her help was wel
comed and John P. St John of Kan
sas was put at the head of the cold
water ticket Already he waa a nota
ble figure, for he had foucht In the
New York state and. In consequence,
the nation. The Prohibitionists polled
the surprisingly large' rote of 150.623.
That the Republicans credited them
with giving victory to the Democrats
was proved by the fact that In mora
than a hundred cities St John waa
burned in effigy. - .-v. ' - ;
. The Prohibition convention inf ,1898
split the party over woman, suffrage
and money.. The "free silver" minor
ity formed a Liberal party,' with Bent
ley of Nebraska and Southgate of
Illinois as its standard-bearers, They
polled about 13,000 votes. '
The feature of the Prohibition cam
paign of 1900 was a tour of the coun
try by the candidates and a corps of
Frances E. WUIard.
Civil war as lieutenant colonel of the
143d regiment of Illinois volunteers
and later served two terms as gover
nor of Kansas. He was a Republican,
but his party thought him too warm a
friend of the prohibitionists and he
Was defeated for re-election in 1882.
Accepting the Prohibition nomination,
he went into the campaign with all
his vigor and delivered stirring
speeches all over the country, espe
cially paying attention to New York
state, where the fight between James
G. Blaine: and Grover Cleveland had
made things very warm. St John was
out Vat the Republicans, and he
succeeded, for the Prohibition vote
Was large enough to let Cleveland win
Francis Murphy. .
speakers by special train. In 1912
the Prohibition convention renom
inated the candidates of 1908.
Results In Later Years.
The candidates since 1884 and their
vote are as follows:
1388, Clinton B. Flsk. New Jersey,
and J. A. Brooks, Missouri, 249,945
votes.
1892. John Bldwell. California, and
J. B. Cranfill, Texas, 270,710 votes. '
1896, Joshua Levering, Maryland,
and Hale Johnson, Illinois, 130,753
votes.
1900, John G. Woolley, Illinois, and
H. B. Metcalf, Rhode Island, 209,469
votes.
1904, S. C. Swallow, Pennsylvania,
and George B. Carroll, Texas, 25&205
votes. s
1908, Eugene W. Chafin, Illinois, and
Aaron S. Watklns, Ohio, 253,231 votes.
1912, Eugene W.' Chafin, Arizona,
and Aaron S. Watklns, Ohio, 208,923
votes.
1916, J. Frank Hanley, Indiana, and
Dr. Ira Landrlfh. Tennessee. 214,340
votes.
nniini riwmiil.nl tllv riynta
For many years the women have
been prominent in the prohibition
movement, for the evils of intemper
ance bore heavily on their' sex. To
them must be given a very large share
In the credit for the success of the
fight They started it publicly on a
large scale in 1873 in Ohio with a cru
sade to. pray the saloons out of exist
ence. -
This movement Inaugurated by a lit
tle bnnd of women woo held prayer
meetings in saloons when permitted
and on the pavements outside when
not allowed to enter, spread like wlld
fire throughout the nation and was
denominated by the press a Whirlwind
from the Lord' Many aaloona were
swe$t OUt Of existence, hut it soon be
came evident that prayer must be ac
companied by action if they would pre
vent, the return or the re-openlng of
the saloons once closed.
The call for organization was Issued
from Chautauqua, N. Y in August
1874. The convention was held in
Cleveland, 0 Novemtfer 18-20, 1874,
and at that meeting there was organ
ized the National Woman's Christian
Temperance Union. Delegate were
present from 17 states.
The plan of work was presented by
Frances E. WUIard and most of the
thoughts embodied in the plan were
later worked out in the W. C. T. U.
At this convention Miss WUIard of
fered also the famous resolution: "Re
solved, That recognizing the fact that
our cause Is, and will be, combated by
mighty, determined ' and relentless
forces, we will, trusting in him who
Is the Prince of Peace, meet argument
with argument, mlsjudgment with pa
tience, denunciation with kindness, and
all our difficulties and dangers with
prayer,"
Pursued Many Roads to Its GoaL
From its very earliest years the W.
C T. U. sought out a variety of ave
nues through which the children of the
nation m'ght be educated In the prin
ciples of total abstinence and the adult
won for the absolute prohibition of
the liquor traffic. Out of the Juvenile
work grew the Loyal Temperance Le
gion for the children, and the Young
Peoples branch for the young man and
women. Later the children were en
rolled as "Young Campaigners for
Prohibition." r - i:
Over forty departments were organ
ized, and carried on to some degree In
every state and territory, and In from
ten to twenty thousand local unions,
Among these were; Temperance work
In Sunday schools, which, with scien
tific temperance Instruction In public
schools, brought practically all the,
children in the nation In touch with
temperance truth; medical temper,
nncej mothers meetings; flower mis
slon and relief; equal suffrage; moral
education and race betterment; oratory
cat atid Seolamaiory medical eon tests;
Christian citizenship, and child wel
fare. . ..
INSURE. YOUE'
. , LIFE,:
Have the same care for your good name AFTER
you leave this life as you have while in it.
THE MOST ATTRACTIVE
R O LIC
are written by the
Richmond Insurance & Realty Go.
'EES
By the way, why don't you start the New Year right
by investing in the Building & Loan Association? The
19th series of the Richmond County B. & L Asso.
opened January 1st. It is not too late to join. You
will never regret it. Obey that impulse. ' "
Richmond Insurance &
Realty Company
W. N. EVERETT, President. . - A. G. CORPENING, Sec-Trees.
"W.N.Everett
John L. Everett
K. L. bteele
DIRECTORS;
William Entwistle
.'. : T. L Leak
F. W. Leak V
H. C Watson
i . . - . ' .
"
m m "4
WITH TK2 J
cS2221' V
We make it our
business to serve
the public well
and efficiently.
Our equipment is
of the best; our
connections can
not . be excelled.
We , invite your
business.
THE BANK OF PEE DEE
V t ( . ROCKINGHAM, N. C . . ' -
W. L PARSONS, Pre.
W. N. EVERETT, Vice Pres.
F.CPAPSOS, Cashier
E. H. AYCOCK, Asst. Cashier