The Illinois free trader., May 23, 1840, Image 1

About The Illinois free trader. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1840-1841

Image provided by: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Library, Urbana, IL

                
,.v few J "i-. -4 ;v 'L
' :r ' ' . :. - I, ''' 7 ' . 'V. . -
'St "''in . . L
n ' IT!
rtf iff ; WfTbiFs
1 llBt
OlAMK I.
-pYVAWA, ILLINOIS SATURDAY, MAY 23, 1840.
.."Xti Ttnt?r sil'
1
i
i
:.EDR.;f f. MAW i fOWHISE
'mi;
I
IT), ifIUI(l II
uunur..!,,, ! un tcrt M.nnUm,fuia hi
vim ; ."Ji i?i.'ttpnit More tli cxpi-
'Hii flun iirii -i; inoiill! Ami flirrniliillnrH
l ' ' f".y-t';'(? i c its if ik 'ive. mtil tke end of
iiM':rn! tin it4riVrl H $1 per (qliuro for
: iii wrlwn, as I H'l wnu for each cub-
(i;'rtoi). A ittKf-l discount' mudo to
V ' i ivfrtinc lv Ihevrr,
In this state of singular "opposition of
fientiment, it has become' a matter of some
interest, apart from politics,' to discover
what it was that Mrr fliichanan. really did
say and mean. I say 'apart from poli
tics for I do not perceive that the de
cision, or' thV question, one way. or the
other,, will have a direct practical bearing
Upon the. Sub-Treasury subject, 'or on the
mrire general one of the Presidential con
test. ' As an Qbject of the government
poHrv,. ' pfli'ct in austion is decisively
labor far-above the foreign rates, Bu
cjianaii jelics upon the greater cheapness
of fire raw material among us the grealr
energy and intclligcee pf our people, thi
superiority of our machinery, and the (uomte manufacturer."
he repeals the limitation which he had
fixed as to time.
"Tlti depreciation of our currency is, therefore,
equivalent to a direct protection granted over the
t tilt Hblml J'iric? k " "
M'-'i is .lie. rent n iuu. b of I.a 8a!' !
iff-tu'ated at t'nj in:ti n of tl:. 3V li . i I
IU10M, "llu nMli'fl.liv -? t;r. ti-.;-. -.uin
p' iij-wny bt'twee. Civugo uiui ; . , I
,j u!t: on of Ottawa i abcu onu tbo
v.
Mr.
tii'b.'.'ti'.M i;i
.';nv. Satnrti.ir, iay.
im
vj i n Avtv a- irvAitn.
' it t v ti-.iij, fcnk,ftt fraught will
I"J : '.'..w 1'Wti.wiirM txa .to the lilirr-
'v'. '-''' y 'nee&kirily ip-mt and
' -y i th p"wiift.rrmc) and
... t-F ho i. , wvjrjiim h (tie pre..
llmx t. t J':M it princinlr
v I f-iicfi-rii f,'if,r focal (waits
Ot''W ? J? ..'.7jr tmtdul'umi'.
:.. t l I' I- ; 'rj-fiff',: .si.wmt-TR&Hi.'tU to all
.vv: : .r..;-.rft..:jVcJr-.&" rftcV
"-" i :-.-jiuiii.'j.
'-t't'i ' . V iJJ:' w ''f !ilc
fi v ' : -,,f't' t;w vi-.iv WiaH p-lilirums,
: ;3Ff:r5 : ' ' " r-"' u , n. James Uu-
' ' . ; ii'ir the Biibji'ct clear
I'Ji'Wi form ti ca.w. loifiii:.. :
1
!- ; 0 tO.!i
ii'-'j'U i l.w,'-
, in-ii v'ia.
ill . .
j"; w,, form h ro,r"rt f ncfujon in this
H". I fv the iT.i l. . ' Frjrnil of the
ijT.pi' 'il .ta.! ,c.fr.j.iM,aJi it does; front one of
uliy mT your scriousi con-
I it Democrat!1
tth
1 V .
V
tducing thoJ
g paper.)
t ie n .u. At n;
hn ii . ii. mtd lur Vf .' of liibor.
r. JJ.:.itors. In an i.lvortisement
put- f il ;! ia vour Uuze! ie, for the
1" nf i l f'mg of ' Whiff. j oung men,
nil) he 1. it is suited t'.a- one of the
pts rf SciitJ mec'iii!r'wi.s to consider
i iu w il -i.riiit' in ihisVoimtry, fecent
nnhiinifd by Jaincs litjchanan, in the
j '. so Msit:,3 ei itiit-, thati,ic price of
r W'or of Am. ti. i should1 toeJeduccd
r anJiu1 ! i n jvan drspotismsi"
I hii re nal!. wiicii have caused. this
'"he t-)bi ;i. 1'iilnl to Mr. BorhaAan,
(( . tf.u ( i i tVe speech delivered by
n i i the t-t i ii" fi nis- of ihe United
oa tbf -iii Jtiiitiary Inst, on the
"11 lent ff i7!P v Pill, u reply to
K ..; .v. If.herc is iv
. it t l c ;Hinbnnhg.(4iese views
' . h tiis.iiiui, I am no. quaintcd
'"" ,
, ; . . (', of course ,'' tnaUhette
i
1 jef
i v 'lisnpreeni'tit ofc,6jryon
'! ,: ; c ibo p'recif.-- notto'nft.ais
: bv i i ' -Vtnrn in ihat speech.
."if' I':.m . " 'iissiubdsptj r.
fit fixed uooii tlwu in thfciftr-
lh-li I have tjuoiod iibove, qjher
co nprclu-mlei! t i't.i uittercntiy ;
. prii cipal speaker, in wo-sep:frate
iv r ip. J 'snis, 'Mtouy uenicu-Tiial
advanced such 'principled Qr that
fvei :mi.:rraiiM?u uo-i' ,
T"lUiaet
i 'v ivi r..ai-iv5 ; :?. tn sau:o nioiivca
" 'ii. !t i iiii.-.cd tiie disavowal, M' ill cause k
i be kbided liy; .As a coiwut:ncc A
;: t overniiicnt policy, no .suc n resn! is
'-, ''"WtPplatfJ" ByMr Buclum.in, as
fur in. the speech itself.. he declares the
chief purpose of the bill lo bethe security
gf .the public money, artd that the influ
ence which; itvill haye upon banks will
be'Miut wctUontal,' .and inadequate to
resjrainlheir Ucense. It is not until lie
leaves the 'direct "discussion of the bill,
and toward the close of his speeth, enters
upon the general question of thft currcrlby
brlonneCted witli trade,- tliat the Temarks
tfhdor consideration. ocvur. 1 trust that
yotir candrft' will not refuse to enquire
what ar,5 -the. views upon an abstract topic
of polifieai eebnomy, actually entertained
by the? mpt dimiiigu,clicU member of ttyo
auminisiralion party
In this inquiry, I sliall go 'only on the
speech itself. The subsequent statements
of Mr Buchanan may be considered lia
ble to some objections as being, declara
tion pendente lite.
I shall firet-slfow what MrJSnchanan'
ukJ not- say ana could .not have meant
iiul altcrwarus attempt to ascertain wnat
he did say and mean. .
That he did not say that he wished to
see the wages cf labor at all reduced, will
appear, I think, from, these extracts from
me speccn. ;
"The SAiatdrrom Kentucky (Sir. Cm) says
tnat the tricnu ot the Inilepcrvtent 1 reaaury iic
utrc to establish nn exclusive metallic currcnev.
a the medium of all the dealing? throughout tlio
ynion; and also a reduce tUu wagea bf flic poor
man's labor jo thai the rich employer may be able
ir, irvuny Uietcorrceine8s ot ooth theso proposi
tions." Again 4 "We arc. also charged by tho
Senator Croni Kentucky with a desire to reduce the
wagerfot tho' poor man's labor.
Itis something new under the 6un, to hear the
Senator and his friends attribute to us a desire to
elevate the wealthy manufacturer at the expense of
the laboring man and the mechanic.
Undoubtedly the reduction contempla
ted in the paragraph of the advertisement
which I have cited at the beginning of this
article, could not take place until the
whole bank system was abolished. Such
a policy is disclaimed in the speech very
vehenienily.
"I, for one, am not in favor of establishing an
exctusfirc metallic currency for the people of this
country. To reform, and. not todcstroys my
motto. To confine- the banks to thciftipyropriate
business, and prevent them from ministering to the
spirit of wild and reckless speculation, by extrava
gant loans and'jjssues, is ull which ought to be
desired." . . . -.
VC A
IH'SC, ff
economy caused by a well-ordered system
of trade and transportation. ' That no
reduction of wages is required below the
ordinary rates they have'-yhherto borne
in the times of healthy trade, is apparent
from the fact that during such times we
have always been able to maintain the
":i..mx Di i. '.Ie at least cqtnlifmo
TtJiv ii5n,-tvr.oviK iif'hoiyil-! foreign ax
chant's dues not incnaca u, until the
currency u expanded rnd res nrc riyen ;
tin; lnischuT li3r.t.iiir Oi,r atfl::?t. time
and poi'it, it ' -then ny tk:t Shi pre-
vcmive -icttoins rt'qubitK -No ne vi!l j.lP;n " ;w "It:
suppose that Mr. Buchanan Wies' tot oriPnak anewwiU
make the application of the' remedy more
extensive than the evil. : ' t
The policy of Mr. Buchanan, thcrefoov.
is hot to render priceE less but to render
them. uniform.' And this appears very
fully upon the face. of the. argument.
These extracts will 'show his views :'
"What is if the laboring man ought most to do
sire I '. Coistant enfployment, rruliir wages and
wy?jrrrasonabI prices for tbe comforts and
necessaries' of life which ho requires."
"!Stirf!omiiijurfngit will greatly benefit the
liiltorlng man. It will ensure to him constant cm-
ployruent und regultir prices, paid in a sound cur
rency, which otnll tbinns he oifirht most to desire.
and h u ttl save him truiu belOir Inyotvcil la ruin
ly n roflrrence of those periodnl expansions and
'crititractinua f the currency which have hitherto
t.-.i.u. '
iun UlrH'll lliu ciiuiui y.
r
The progress of Mr. Buchanan's argV
ment deVclopcs one peculiar advantage to
uiu liuiuyiig in;iji in uini sysicni oi lint
forrnity which he proposes. If the wa
ges.ol VTc laborer stood with other prices
the general enchancement of value would
not affect him otherwise than as the
whole nation is affected by the overtra
ding which it produces. v But it is "the
opinion or Air. Buchanan, that when
prices f isc from enlargement of the cur
rency, the vages-of labor do not rise in a
corresponding, degree, or with equal
qVickness. "The rate of he laborer's
wages," he says, 'is fixed and kn6wn ;
and they arc the last to rise with the
incrc;is'" rnni-i andj.b ---x-u-
v lii.ll liiv timtpjnuiunijj luvuiMuu OC-
niirs a.
o ii scussiou (f f- nyfiopicglifc
m impressions of intelligent and
,u Jitors votild in ttfemselves' be
r, v elf nigiconclusivb'bf thtf.'atf
I ii id views ' dif-playcd ; by any
j ?ut political t'unomy is i a
i s ten e.'.tre nc sui'ety, and one
ti on stIrh nu e atifl difFiquUdis
i at tho st.t.ldnf ofjftcVa.writ
je s liuhle iv fcrfectly toappre
id in somo '-as'l,- wholly, to
fnvi the nt-anmg which hi is
- i !y e iutiiiif : These discmsions
') i ;na cit wfJMy removed frotflie
' - h P' "-'P.i.i'Vf of'rnc'n ; antoe
l '1" U y fu-ei confined boiitlrave
f -nun ;) ili.tptt, tb u experience weald
!.te. ;if!WrV.io- writ6fmu8t "jos
i'iu..(Jli pcVsj ict;ity ? 5pechand
'fadorui rout' I I" rsniify 'ofmna.
tie eitsv, H tio- n.iulc in appreheudino-
ncory ' v.,nr; J '.und toittfl till
a" iA'i p a th it iruroiry f6rwrlt
1 !a:.!-.-i!' u9 ctscumstanees
'v.tiiu jrll or wire of.MitBu
"Via-i J rrv Jul nit immetliately
f.tw&f', 'm ,Vijsi niitaiiutigadif.
v(j it uicot;.;, u that charged upon him
. .a
(4, tK i not f-e?,it v decisive proiv mat
rL ' j.na (H';r V. wov " 10' i
is difficuUytif tqneeive how other parts "of
the speech co'uld be interpreted as indi
cating an opinion thus expressly denied,
.unless thc.crror arose from an inability on
the part of the readers to understand what
distinct doctrine it was that Mr. Buchanan
was maintaining. '
What Mc, Buchanan did say arid mean
was shortly this. ;
Irecohtentleu that a survey theicim
merciaLhistory of tjie conntnLIngn
period of tw'inty-five yarTwed that
at certain intervals of lirdw"ncre had oc
curred sudden 'arid excessive expansions
oi tne currency, attenueu Dy a general rise
ofpriccs ; that .consequent upon this rise
of prices, was aaT.excess of the national
imports over the expools, because the lor-
mer were rflndcredrofjilitbiC arid th latter
unprohtable. ; theft this dfttarbahce of the
balance of trade was followed by that gen
eral ruii whjch, ndcr the present banking
sysloni, ;'. alwj's results from a serious
riostuiiy of exwianges. I'rpm this exam
inattpn of facts'he deduced the conclusion
that the true method of preventing these
periodical ruinous disturbances of the
balances of trade tyts, to prevent those
periodical and transJA-y rises in the pri
ces, which were occasioned by excessive
bank issues.
The "doctrine" of Mr. Buchanan,
therefore, was not that we ought to reduce
the prices of labor or of any thing eke,
below that average rate which they natur
ally bear in the sound state of trade and
currency ; -much less to the standard of
foreign despotisms, but, his doctrine was,
that we ought to prevent that extravagant
- . ...i.:i, fi.
U IClnnofarV nSC in pncea uiui ii-
iows a Buudcn enlargement oi tne paper
cutrency, and which profits no man, since
it alters the whole scale of nominal T
while it threatens ruin to ev-j nian bv
Causing a general ovcntS'
For competing ratably with foreign
The scope of Mr. Buchanim's argu
ment in its relation to the labomr appears
to be this. I he general advance of pri
ces which attends the occanjojal expan
sions of the banks is a gg "Wvil to the
nation at large (including la -Jrs.) as it
leads to general overtradiiui.ft annot
possibly bring any advautageTto. ihe labo
rer, for any increase his wages hiay re-
cive will be nullified by the contemporary
rise m the cost oi all the neiscfsaries
which he buys. In matter of fae it will
be a direct' injury tb him, since his wages
d.o not rise so much or so soon as other
prices, and they fall sooner. k
Ihoso passages m which Ml. lu-
clianah wienies that any advantage accrues
n tho blliorer from a liiirli r ite of ifices.
do not, contain. arjrumeuts itffavor nf re
ducing wagtfelow their ordinal and
-..1 ... i...r .- . .11 .
avium laii, I'm .iianisi r:n:-iin(j mrni OV"
temporary f and " eceasivc expatiltms.
One ravage from the paragraph in reply
to, Jbfu Clay on tins point wiH suffice to
sfiow tlvat he is not contending for a dim
inution of rates below the average stand
ard, but is arguing that the occasional
'i't . .i j- . .i
c icua ucjtrvcumuit axes tne appli
cation of the comparison to those points
of ime at which the currency has become
redindant and prices have risen.
In this brief view of Mr. Buchanan's
argum-nt, it has not been the purpose to
express an opinion one way or'the other,
as H thr soundness or tho Dractribiliv
i :Kidha 1 ; The. t.hj cJL h'
ui;bate it sbe .pHsgagt:; have not been
Uu-jted at)h. If anV man will rei
the fp-ec3i I 'lb this VisiLnciion in iii
Vun U it w 'l'ol -f W!iai iho whole of the
I argumeu will snsiaiii lLio discr'uu-
ination here, attested, nd it is,, farther
presumed thatn candid or reasonable
person will fcel hat h is justified in
forming or cjpressiirr a ilixided opinion
upon the subject utuho has perused the
speccn. . , .
I make. no apology U)r asking admission
to your columns for ari excu'.pation of
political opponent. Jfrsitles tliat you
have in some- sort' endowed tlie error in
dispute, I am sure that yor course of ac
tion is too reasonable and Wnly, not to
say. generous, for you to bxywilling that
your .parly should attack a nii. for opin
ions' -whjch ho never expressed, and
sfin)ulatcflie rabble against an eVmv for
"imputed trash and dulness not his
M
own. ;
- .V W c ft
; )ff
to them, by both the FederaT.-Oonslitution
and the constitutions of - their respective
States. The right of Congress to excr
cisc exclusive legislation in all cases
whatever, does not mean omnipotent
legislation. Congress have no right, in
the District of Columbia, to take away
the right of trial bjt' iitry 'Utd pass art ex
post facto law ; to abridge" the feedomof
speech or of the press ; to establish reli
gion by law, nor to destroy the rights of
property, or the personal liberty of the
cuccn. I hese reserved 1 1 .
cryj in te- District bf Vfiint at in- ) ? !
W'.il, ii.. Mn-a 1 mm mftnr . it
to my ' sense bf duty toj)resef 'i Jhc" ;j,K'-
petition. 1 shall enter ' ' iK; ''j&etyt
sion of " tie principles of. Hv'MifXl
that is notinvolvjpd in tli? sabiect,-., Xat'f i
view it jtk no other light than that of an SJk, li'f S
terfereflce in the .constituted rights! ; clulvj
otheps, in such way as tends to ihe de- ;; C
sirucuunoi me riciiiiuMrri"i? juiviioocu
by the b' j A nd o,1 f 'he Fathers of thtt
UCVOIUU 'li.
aside fr n
v 1:
Aiioib. r ruttrnU'.M." f-X f'.?.
rt-h.lt I hi' - . K'tlVi
ff
sv.
1
Si
.llNtlilion IVtilionv.
THE LETTER OK RICHARD M. JOHNSON TO
LKWIS TAPrAN OF NEW YORK, wrO de-
;Tu.5ENT TO THE PENATlf AN
r'.iriTioN, signed by 40
. .lll.V.
'' .. i. "' irton. March 23. 1840.
' our i ttnrof tlie 7tli instant was
,v veci iVi'd. - rjcfosinff a petition to
ConTCbry sit:u !y440 Avomen of the
cuy tin-; ...limty .of New York! praying
l-r iu ..sbu,.:oa.or slavery. in the Pistrict
of Jv; ijibia, and in those Territories of
i ; v!' -tutc where they exist, and to
re;Vh. i '! r io lay the same before the
Su..u '. I havo ;!tio received" your letter
c ire nth i')s .rui , -requesting me to in
firm you when I WouM frsent the peti
tionit f, perhapi, due to the fair peti
tioner,' an to you, their organ, as well
ah to myself?-'" slate some of the reasons
which i.ctite i-n course. The constitu
tion! ri ht of i ution is contained in th
firs-t .iriiclvc of atV' ndments, as fJlows :
C'.ncrt -s shall maVc p 'aw respectinir an cs-
tiiblisliMit mi ofr'ligiiin, ht prohibiting a free cxer-
i-e tlii reol; or ubrultringthe treedom of soccch.
or of th J'n-; o the HghVof the people jieace
alilv k im-ii ihWc, anJ to pctiuvn the tiovernincnt
r n r.-.; Tv-t if grievances."
'iii:;eshas never maue-a law abridr-
ig i'-i! riL'lit ; but the people assemble at
ilitaure.rd petition at pleasure for a r.
ri'S3 of grievances. Of courseus part
,r ' .- o .''tr-'n-has not been virlnU'd :
and if it, tli I not exist, Congress couldnot
...,..:..,i:.,.,..n.. i 1 , . '
uiiJ- i.u.u- i,.i.r. Jiut; IIUSHUU BUCn $ i,W
l.; - , I 1 t '
uvv.ii.ir':, j. .o , c in n power is ueiegated t
Co res.. This' rioht.- rescrvp.l thn
t O 9 vl Ulv
uco',1..., Ous not devolve upon the nrcsi-
u : ifii er of the Senate the obligation of
ii .tUv ' IK'UItottH of evervnP.inMh
ivt -. ' .....
'i'l.yi considerations of a 1..1 .i
elevation above that standard, which ; pi-iiticrj, well of a constitutional -nn
xcsjve oanKing prouuecs, is wholly '.urc, wr.i t; would not permit me to prt I
wurrout hencitt to mo laoorer. ;i ni pfTiinsoi a character evidently hos-
"If, therofocc, you should, in some degree, re- tile to t'l'1 Union, and destructive of the
dace the nominal price paid for labor, by reducing! '..r i iiil, s Ml which it is founded The
luc ainouni oi your oaim replies wiuiin sine and . ,
reasonable limits, and establishing a ! utWallic basis I !' '
for your paper circulation, would this injure tlii' '
laborer! Ourt'iiiy not, liecausc the price of all ; m .
the necessaries nnd comforts of life are reduced in ,
tho same proportion, and he will be ablo to pur
chase more ot them for one d illar in a sound itatn
of the currency, then ho could have done m tkt. ''
dmis uf fxtravw'imt expam',ov, for a dollar nnd a
Sv.t.- 1 1' ctt- York. Thrv h..v fh.-! .ir,l:,
eif:i
bo.lv I?
)fcl.
because it w-idd, bo a d'-raal U;r; ft&-( J.
dijjo'ily, She "d-'.es not take ri t ariiis t "' i
"stitufe, -who rcpn.'Sei! ts iter 1 "V'S. : H
drudtMics. Kvery uiau is r.W-jii V;' ilJ
......
IIIIUICI. , ,,
The mistake on the subject of "Euro-j
pean despotisms" which has cat-ed the
attribution of the sentiment wl"'ch is quo
ted at the beginning of th paper, has, in
like manner, arisen fr.n not observing a
what period of tinc in the history of our
"vast but cvffehanging expansion of lh
currency' that comparison with foreigr
countries is made with any disadvantage
to America, it will appear tliat he un
clarcd those cbuntries to have an advntit
age over ns only at those times whet
thrc is an extravagant niflation of th
currency here. His language is plain,
but has not been attended to. He limit
the epoch of contrast, both at the btin
ning and the end of tlm "rr'mrnt, fa er
precise terms.
At the comnni;nt.t.t t' that part
the disci'on 1,0 1:l.vs
Jt particular ttag ' ' our trpnutvtn., wt
night with juntiw apj-iy ihe prinffi,ilr which 1
have stated to our trade thri. coimtiies. and
assert that from the gn-iit r-diirnlurify efo-orcur- )(r 'citTJll, 1
r.-ii( j, nnicu-a are n.nnuiciun.l in r idiice iui"
fiennany for one-half of their - '
countr! '
, i.i i oi ihe Revolution made great -jc-
l' hi i iouu and treasure to establish
i'''' :i ii.ii 'the doctrines set forth in the
I r i!i. i of Independence. E id State
tr.' v :i independent sovereignty, fid
v-rjicpnal confederacy ' fyr tile
iv iii.d bonclll of the whole, eniuOu-
e.i it i .'Ctnncs oil i Km aj-'ivn.
s.uno: right to consiuer the '.vtoiiuon pt
slaverj' in New York at grfovi'mjp, and tj
petition Congress to establit it tJirrr, as
thcitizt n-! f.New Xpffc' have ' ?& c-i-s'tder
it a. grievance, in nhA: District, nd
petition sCongres.s tft 'abolisfcl'if . Thtir
right m either case t asSemble'peaceably
and make their petition, 1 do not call in
question ; but the obligation on my part
to present it to the Senate, I do not admit.
If a number of citizens should consid
er a republican government agrierance,
and petition Congress to establish t "mon
archy ; if others should consider religious
toleration a grievance, andpetition Con
gress to destroy heresy by abolishing all
sects but their own, I should noconsider
it my duty to present their petitions to the
Senate, nor do I consider it my duty tol
present a'petition, the certain tendency pd'werhfr cbttntry-'r ibes, becait
winch is to destroy the; harmony and
eventually to break assunder tlc bonds of
our Union. ;
In regard to new States the case is,' if
possible, still stronger. , They must be?
united upon terms of equality, -EaQh,
State having reserved the. right of. regula
ting this subject for itself, no one can be f
.: .1 t. P f. I
consutuiionauy uepnveu oi tne ngnt.
The State of New York has abolished
Javcry, but this abolition is ntthe con
dition upon which she Jidda hor place in
the Confederacy. It in her own policy,
and if Jt shall bo her pleasure to channel
. !r.. - a :r
ii, oongrcBs cannot imerieru u
new States, aro admitted into tho Uitign,
when admitted, they will stand upon an
establish OTidjonsh slavery at their pleas
ure, and ncrijher Congress, nor any other
of the States ill have any more right to
inlcrfcro witK thfc subject, than with the
laws of primogeniture in the British em
pire. The object of the petition does not
affect the abstract question of slavery, that
is a subject which the Abolitionists' of the
five States can no Tnore affect than they
can that of the privileges of the British
nobility. The plain question is this :
shall we continue a united, confederated
republic, or shall we dissolve the Union?
If the prayer of this and similar petitions
should be granted by a majority of Con
gress, the inevitaole ellect would be in
immediate deslnfction of the Confederacy,
and with ty, those bonds of affection
which have -united us as one great, one
harmonious family. . It lias been my
grief to observe a recklessness on'lho part
of some, whom I otherwise lyglily fsteem,
showing, anTutterHisccgard of alhne c6iisi-
Wiucnccs whiel) must result from the per
petual agitation Of this subject. We have
an hitcrest'at stake ,'U0 dear to heroin
profited for a phantom wliich wo can
never gain, however enthusiastically we
may pursue it. . As a free'".! powerful,
and a happy .nation, wdTstand unrivalled
in the annals of the world "" ,
" Turning the eye alternately to every
regi-u 0f 0ur country, it'ls greeted wttlrj
mc fmjM,.tf happfn-, nmiif thfl sci-nes
:d pcaee, and plenty, iut.I ytl
L-Xis'auwi?
f. i
n. ii .Vft-i.- rslm 't-.tra r.ttyv t.z ?;l.
ia-i-M ru '- - c-:-eay I
f: i.-'-f
tr-Ji como ;t:c-ir mrf -..z-fy
rftt r?et ItvOiTl i: TU'lCr, o k , i ' h
jurious notuiiejv, to present a pttT i .t i ,i
from females, ) ot I shdud'eg4rd -bvv$ji
ly as a matter of courtesy, V1 itmt ,
s'-itutior al right. '" Thu rfgh"- & wpM r R- f
are secured through the, coat $4 ,
their fathers,' their htisbalw!, ti'l fi.
brother. It is' the right' rf 'a woipah' 16 C
maintai iVmodest tcHrciaerf '.Jft fy "b'ti; vr" .jfa
of politics W war.- 'yiteqiriivot' aj ff-
at the polls o vote. l.ecnust itoy U yifa'fK!
leged t) be iniprestti I '?d t the.4 vby;i riu.iii.
She does not serve on juriei :ir pVvf j;
the dut cs of the balli (T or'thi' xwukvf'ti- ki
iw. .it :':
I .. .
.i inpii'..iic oi interest - nu oetiii;' wis
i-.-1'h.Mrirj- That comproiiitse was luide,
I tiiC f.incjple which your fair pvaion-r.-i
;re i :pw agitating, wm settlev. 'i''u-
riglit of .. . nUting and ab.l tbing slavery
'. -m t' -rv .! to the States, and Congrci
!!:!!' in iiu.t; right to destroy tlavcry in
j;. . a :u.irvlanu than tuey have to
'. u try in New York, or
f libeittrv..1
pcffecflaw it custom of 4
honor, to protect and f erv&. 'uity V t
tlie light in vh1chhoIalr'.fXfM;;vy'4W- h ,-g
the " womau.'.Bhe, i jeilod KupS. i p f
even in religious dX"nii;Wvt0ic( V
she is unwortky, ' butat tfciJ is ,
exempt 'from -tho , trjfo f, yi, 4 ' ;
it is hr.f right ly o-soMit, 2t;'vi ?l
modesty hich remVis her 'f.il,i
ndoifatkm fnd. sfcejiH ''i Ia.M Xfyty
the Conitfuuion ct onr coonav W&.ii--'
!iabd uif'rtVthvi 'prmviplcsoiT .Y.fi :nj"ti
IflW., Tf th Vrrhla t.t ttiin m ' .tBt 1. i, '-
they. are, ceurrss ?o:;fl jrnWi jr"ttlpff"4 .
and Jhe. h oei k'JL"" ': rhujrJki .i - -
least inamd- meddle V;tS '
tcrs. -.1 'crriV.Tcma3ci -'.wj,o inrMj. v
tions wow! I tt..U.-t u tliiWlstioil'
! sht'X hi (.ty rdum- '
of their hrne.
ant to be arc ;sSo'rj;
in Bny Oegrie, ra-t
upon an m
divi.j
of lb.?,:- "ir.h, iJ-'''.-
modest digrity U glory c f r.i.;, j--'',.
Thus, iV I liav finkly- 'Jail.'y.' v
views in returning ti pnuttcj-, wlM i ;- , , ,
now do.. I trtt: t yoii wi'l d-j rUiiu ift V'
disrespccffi.1 to yon, iv to 'M hd? j'yr ,
whom you act. i? a. w-e'' tliat, Tot y t ttx- ( s
Solf inftui.' , il'i I ... . KtJ . ..' . .' "
.. ......v. w. -u. i i 'i m'i ti reuppct
anocouKU serve yotfpr tonally I'p-culi i -give
me great 'pbjaM do so. j Tfccith. )
astrangcr to tiyr'guV of the t I
do not doubt !i!-p-c,abili- vf di'e
cliarter, -.nd 1 i-t p')' ph
qwsftij tVir' df to per f i -i.'V',
with whi'-n.4v,. -i ot "iiisii -xit'iv 'UY'
in:t.,?J;-" :
v-t.t-
tir - v j 17
but with ie
cantt b
mail iy l l u-jlj; r
' Iw fAPf.A
.
' '
I
A
AHc
noVt
be p'-ti
ec.fui
VI. M.
Ivq. - .
N -W Y rk Ciiv
'.fHV'J fi.f tlpML'
mi' i 1
lnfo f-xi
'A late rvtcfiea paper
mew ! somovntcrest
i:i.a.-)inatton X ,,ueujv priU(J,3 unon jt.
InraUi-rfs which K' Jls m of the p: , t
wfii-'t tlu se blessiif. .,v;c g;,iriCl.
wc compare our cOfKttvirh th .t nf ad
joining co!c:.i9 ? " AVc 'bV. yi., (.Cc!i
ami "there ."Montgomery f J i"c , ',.
t'-rn to view the be-iuuft-l i-wn otV
fti--i tlr our rin-l on U itikc. iiiil .. i
V,..TiT. r'n .(. W-Vf t?t:' ile'iixhUTh!
C' .'r' ofCoi.ivi M.y there Woodier Ji-l. I
vV o r
JctmC)
irtai
e my i
las ,"kaMi I'
:rest to tlie.t cottdri ttjf , ..at
tVi'V
X'
sar iiiorin iHjy lur-uN'vv
lives, for .a-ipro:rr 0,o
o '..;;5 in British. In W. A -
MjBrinT . izizPrri
and ot iuisi.ir.ba. vo '-; 5'-T'
wiihont .Vsj'to I'Jift'i f.f,"i lhx'-r t'
"like d. A vi.-tf Vf .--i'S-x
nt ition, hie!- ?y45 v ' ' K- jy
ini'.e n'ir'ofiscrva'iort il.to-
'Tf'tun-
tiif
rifit-A
aro ir-v-v w iib t'ner
A v
...... i .. . ...
M r Mi.rmhr.,1 ' r.vf-n fri.m tfio C.nnTt 1 pUmtatlOt, tOoU MtU UU0'" j t
" I . "r-1-Ti ""c-v' - 21... r
ill which wr- arc asscmblw'. -
t' .i . - i.
to IV 'UUt, n:M uu' t1'. !;; if1 t'l V ttflicn
n.'iniml 3 tliat t!ie mighw Washington
i:
I 'I'iarl The right of petition for the-'.!. ibrs thtro, who f,Mo'k th? pcace
! '.i ;' reei;irncal ; and the obligation -. i ful tnades I ir tf- tiU, th; dangers, u:u
i i ;.r- t j ng iitlicer to present a petition
I Mi. Scmfv-, if it exist in either case, is
thcjirivativ.-:- ;' il ;rfr',:ino Ilrld, wberi,
witfrthe thousati'''! if oi.iCfS t.;qu;ilv K'-x'
Hi 'ly tt inig in both. But I fAiinot'.. pairtodc,. tiie eoeu,! ' ur righ's
'iff
obligation in either case,
'Todgj the rigbtf the pco- j
i t a difforen niaIo be
, ,.V' 1 :
Son'u pftson I. riul.ulelpU- biivel.v
;'un thu Oimui'-v tn: of ',
It I.
c, v,-.-,-o ik." uted. , Jt in im i i-f , tv';: I n-Mblti tV iK. 'j.-jpM S ''-J''' ",!'
o.p.i()a'' iV ve, in ,..y:.tm.i:i. Hi.li'y,;,,.- f.ut J'aXX. 44l' -e.
j -K't'!'','rf nW; nio'.'the Hi-v-'-.r-, I fcfJy Ciies t;l.iit'"i. ''K.lp . :
y t 'a irfci f..4Stj.bii,-antU j ' - -,' " '' ';'b'w . :.?m 'Uw f--V'fte ,U' ftj'weo cw .J.,J,t. . .
l:;cj land ahe Virginia, Iron.';' fx-m! itfayRuiy,!.? httmbi.. f lliffr &.,vmi$z-
t-i'lffn 1 t11-i :.(lriMitii)ft WW - f'Ov'-'C DOSllfi "ahii i '. .... t.!'.'.'''-.-'' -."
i.'.'UP7.'iniUrt.uoii to oiia DifMrtct hv thdsiu
Slattj i.byiltrfa;iiiiatit- and adoption o' "
iifv
' ; .v.-
'I
nations, iX?.-""'