The Cairo bulletin., February 11, 1904, Page 5, Image 5

About The Cairo bulletin. (Cairo, Ill.) 1???-1928

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THF CAIRO BULLETIN, THURSDAY MORNING FEBRUARY ll, 1H.
THE SECOND DAY
VERY BUSY ONE
(Concluded Irom Third Page.)
have done the best I know.
1 tut let me tell you ii you have a
naan as your superintendent of the
county house, or farm, who comes any
way near to ol what i have said, keep
him as Ion"; as you can. and eucmra-e
him as much as you can In his burden
some duties, ami yod heed not fear
of any mistreatment of the unfortun
ates in your poor house.
Leave the handling and punishment
necessary to him and his good jndg-
ment-and no harm will ever befall
those you have put in his care.
And now. gentlemen, as I am about
to close. I wish to say a few words in
regard to the attending or county phy
sician and the great need to always
secure a good one.
As a general rule, they are not
i iiAcleutly paid for their scrvice-
because of Rfl many applicants for the
position Even some of them offer
in attend to the inmates for nothing,
and besides! furnish the medicine, In
order to experiment on helpless crea
tures. You don't want that kind of a
man. You want a doctor with a gen
erous heart who will take as much in
terest 10 treat a pauper patient as
he would the best paying patient in
his practice, and ngg a fair compensa
tion. Such a man is a great help to
the management as we'i as the in
mate. In conclusion I will say that it has i
given me great pleasure to he with
you In this convention. It has enabled
me to contribute a drop for the good
of society in this great age of pro
gress. I am sure that the doe-trine
of charity rests upon your banner
Your action here, knows no county
lines -you know no sec: nor part)
line
Yon have met because you love j
man and the great Slate of Illinois
Hut the greatest blessing of all we
met as American citizens trying to
- levate humanity to its greatest per
fection. I thank you gentlemen.
Upon the conclusion of Cnpt. Rost's
address. Mr. Warder mounted the
stage, and In a few brief words called
attention to the faci that among tin
delegates there was one present, who
had served his county continuously as
a member of the board of supervisors
lor "" years, in addition to serving six
ye.irs as n member of the legislature.
When Mr. Warder mentioned the
name of Fred Wilke. of Will county,
requesting him to come upon the
stage, it was greeted with a spontan
eous burst of applause. Greater was
the volume of apulaucc when Mr
Warder presented Mr. Wilke witli a
handsome bouquet of llowers as a
Blight testimonial from his associates.
Mr. Willie accepted the llowers in a
neat little patch, saying that lie sim
ply had done his duty during his long
continuous term-, of office- iliis and
nothing more, and consequently, he
claimed no especial credit.
The cemtnittee on location, after a
brief session, reported in favor Of
Gnlstburg as the place for holding the
next meeting of the association. The
report was received with acclamation
and adopted unanimously. From the
first session this, from the large nutii
her of white satin badges bearing the
words, "Otlathni g I !".'," in evidence
had been a foregone conclusion.
There being no further business be
fore the convention it nljourned t
1 1 ; -Mi o'clock
At tin1 delegate, embarked 00
I he Dick Fowler for an excursion down
to the coo finance of the two nighty
rivegfc, and a trip up the Ohio to ihe
big bridge, returning to the wharffiont
at J;15,
The party then proceeded to the llli j
nOls Central depot, where they board
ed ii special train composed of four
coaches and a baggage car. The train
proceeded around the Im It. taking the
watteHy track to Cairo junction, over
the steel bridge to the Kentucky end
of the approach. ITpon the return the
train backed slowly over the steel
structure to Cairo junction, and then
headed down the easterly side of the
city on the return, arriving at the de
pot at 4 o'clock.
Th
delegates, highly pleased with
their excursions on water and rail
were prepared to listen to other ad
dresses and the discussion of. business j
natters, proceeded iii a body to the K
M. K. c Hall
At ! ! i Hon W. .1. Adams, of Joliet
was introduced to the assembled d?le
gates, to whom he delivered the fol
lowing address, upon "Jails ami JaJI
Houses-"
HON. W. J. ADAM'S ADDRESS.
't he !irs account we have of crime
and it ; punishment is recorder in
the sacred writings, which states
"The Iord Set a Mark Fpon Cain
Thi teems to have leen a general
method of punishment, not only when
earth was young, ere time was old.'
but has lioen meted out to offenders in
this couatry.
There are doubtless in this audience
those who have seen or known of men
carrying throngb life this mark of pen-
alty inflicted for the infraction of some
written or unwriten las And from
the time Cain went forth "a fugitive
and a vagabond in the earth'' down to
date, marking the body in tome way
has beW partially the penalty paid
large number and degrees of
crime.
k-tor Hugo ;eiis of the marks
on Jean Val Jean, anil although he
lived a model life In his more mature
years, he always had
ruflpv hi uhi-uvL ii-i.i lliu .-t,..,i ,,r
jv....,, m . ,1,1,1 ,iii ,,,.,, ,,i
someone discovering his earl
narks
of punishment.
When f was a boy, there lived in
our town a man who always wore
his hair over the tops of his eats.
Rumor had it. land rumor always
knows) that he was one of the forty
Miners in California, and was found
guilty of some minor crime, the pen-
alty of which was having the ears clip-
Bed. More serious crimes were pun-
tsheii with banishment or death at the
j hands of Judge Lynch
In these newer
I countries they had no time to build
j jails and no provision for their main
tenance.
A nation's advance in civilization
I is marked in no small degree by its
treatment of its criminals. If we are
to rely upon the chronology of the
i Scripture as worked out by Arch
bishop Usher, we find Joseph cast in
10 a pit by his brethren A. l. 17;.
which pit was doubtless a place of
penal punish mnnj by the Canaanites,
w hose civilization" was not of the high
order We find the same Joseph
fourteen ye.irs later in an Egyptian
i prison, which from the records was
well ordered in every respect arid In
keepijig with Egyptian civilization.
The provision of places of detention
and punishment for criminals which
shall not themselves be schools of
ctime has attracted much attention
among prison reformers for th
past
twenty-five years, but it is still true
that the majority of county jails in
the Jotted States are demoralizing in
their effects upon prisoners The few
-states which, like Minnesota, require
that plans be referred to a state board
before jails canhe legally constructed
are among the states in which are
(mmA ,,. mngl satisfactory
count v
jails.
A jail and sheriff's residence should
invariably lie constructed of brick,
stone or some other tire proof ma
terial. The jnil proper and 'the sher
iff's residence should be made abso
lutely fireproof. The essential quali
Heat ions for jail construction are such
as will afford security, safety, class
ifications, protection from lire, and
provisions for light, hem and sani
tation. Security against the jail
breaker may be obtained by the
strength and character of material
used and method of construction.
Underneath the first floor of the cell
room there should be from two to four
feet of solid concrete, composed el
such material as Is most convenient,
lound with a good grade of cement
The ceilings of the cell-room are to
ac made entirely secure with real or
imitation sunn1 of steel plate.
All the windows In the cell-room and '
the Jailefrt office should be well pro '
tented with heavy steel bars, at lea-!
throe quarters of an inch in diatn
ter. plMed not more than lour inch's
in centers, and held by cross bars
no! more than twelve Inches on cen
ters There should be n sheet steel
door and a steel basket grated door
st the entrance of the cell rooms.
The doors from the sheriff's office
to the residence should be of sheet
steel, for security and tire protection.
There should a lo he a grated steel
door at ihe outer entrance to the of
fice. It M a means of safety if the jail.u's
corridor lying between the windows
and the cells can be observed from
other portions of the tail by means ol
peek-hob's. It is advisable that the
windows and doors to the furnace
room be barred RO that if it be de
dred. trusted prisoners may safelv
!WrC for the furnace.
A fine mesh wire screen should be
placed at the windows of the first
floor because contraband articles can (
not then be introduced without leav 1
ng clear evidence of their introduc
lion. The erection of a steel fence
about eighi feet in height, la recent'
nended, about ten feet from the eel'
building.
Safety for the jailer is secured
by eternal vigilance and by the sep
arafe confinement of the prisoners
which pre ventt their conspiring and
combining against the jailer. No de
vice lor security or safety will take !
the place of vigilance.
Classification is of chief im
portance, and should provide for age
sex. degree of crime, for
witnei
and for the insane. Classlficfltirvn can
ifrucfion of cells opening into eithei
-tide of a central corridor, one of the
.millions between the cells and the
hut one tier of ceils, and by the con
be best obtained in ceil-rooms having
orridor lieing extended as to
make two divisions in the cell-room
and such farther devices as will fend
to reduce ihe passage of sound he
tween the two shtes of the partition
Evry jail should have at least twi
stories
having t wo classification -
each, and a separate department con
taining at le?sr one nxjm for women
children and insane person or wit
The separate system of qunfinc
mnnt ih county jails lias been u nan i
rnously advocated bv careful obser
vers: First, to secure the salutary
effect of a first arrest upon tnexperi
er.ced offenders, which is dissipated by
association : second, to prevent the
: contagion of crime, which results, ac- they will he required only for the
cording to the testimony of all Jailjmore desperate characters. But H
officers. In making our jails schools matters not what class of steel von
of crime, and leaving the prisoners
worse instead of better as a result
of their confinement ; third, as a pre-
vention of escape, and a protection
1,1 tl,, ;..,! ..,r...... a,.
,,, jii i- uiiiimi i iir uiui
hined assaults of prisoner
frequently made in tin
which are
effort to
escape; loui'th. as a means ot whole
some discipline to many vicious pris
oners who escape all other infliction;
fifth! as a means of protecting the in
dividuality of the better class of pris
oners, who do not wish to associati
with the vile and depraved. It ,s
recommended that, while in the sher-
Iffs custody, insane persons be placed
in a room rather than in a cell, and
that an attendant of the same sex
' be constantly present.
The heat should be either steam or
1 hot water, and the radiators should
be so placed that any one of the
jnil classifications may he made com
fortable without heating the entire
Boor or (he entire cell room, as Is now
the case in old jails.
The necessity of good light in a
jail seems to be almost entirely un
appreciated. Except a jail be well
lighted, classification is practically im
possible. The dark jails are almost
(invariably the ones from which the
escapes are made. Light is not only
essential to health, but the absence
of light has a discouragini
md demor-
kitting effect on the prisoners. All jails
should be so constructed as to have
a good-sized window opposite each
poll, and the portion of the cell toward
the window should be made of such
material as to permit the entrance
of the most light consistent with se
urity. The use of wire glass is
recommended by good authorities, he
cause it prevents the prisonr seeing
out. and it throws an Increased
amount of light in the cells. In or
der to secure sufficient light as well
as adequate ventilation, it is desirable
that the first floor be at least nine feel
bt height and thee second floor be at
least eight feet in height. The jail
dioiild be provided with the safest
and most economical provision for
ntilicial light which the county seat
iffords. electric light preferred.
There should be a plentiful supply
of nine water for drinking and cleans
ing purposes. Cleanliness is a prime
gsenttatl in jail administration.
Cach
ell should have u cupboard for the
use of a night bucket, and this cup
t)Otrd should be ventilated by a top
irate pipe extending into the main
ventilation fine. There should he a
lyslen of ventilation in which foul
iir Is forced lor drawn) from the room
iy heated lines or pipes It It import
mt that thesystem adopted he so sim
ile as to he easily understood bv
very jailer, and it should be such
is to be practically sell'-opperative
Wherever possible, ventilating Hues
should be built in connection Willi
smoke flues. AH antra and waste pipes
should be trapped and thoroughly
vented The ROOTS should be so con
structed as to slope toward a floor
drain, to be properly trapped and con
netted with tin1 sewer. The cover to
the drain should not be easily de
tachable, else it will be used as a
weapon.
The Importanca of cleanliness It not
appreciated it It as Important that
the prisoners be obliged to keep their I
bodiea clean as that the administra-
ion keep the jail ciean. If there he
nice iu the saying that "Cleanliness ,
akin to Godliness," there "js
no
tlace wlcre the application of this I
irinciplo la more important than in
the jail. i
Hut whn you have built your jail
and provided it with all the modem,
appliances; made it secure with the ,
esi of tool proof steel, do not sit hack
ind say we have a Jail from which j
an one can escape; we do not need the
services of a jailer to watch our pris
ners. Remember no material nor
ievice for security or safety will take 1
'he place of viirilanct
There are in general two classes
af steel used in jail construction. I
First, special grade of Bessemer or
Dnen-hearth steel, known to the trade
s
mild steel, and for an ordinary
jaj! where an inspection is had dailv.
ind where a constant watch Is kept 'of
he prisoners, this makes a first class i
jail. And second, what is known as
"Tool Proof Stepl." which consist if
iltemate layers of high carlsm steel
vnd iron. For flat bars and plate
there are five layers, three of iron and :
two of high carbon steel. For bars
1 there is one layer of high carbon
'steel encircling a center core of soft;
j iron, and the outside layer is soft. I
tough iron All these layers are
thoroughly welded together After
ihe steel is fitted, it is then tempered.
and then it is absolutely proof against
ny kind of cutting tools. The tool ;
proof layers being as hard as Pha-
raoh's hear!, while the soft layers
nrevent the bar or plate from being 1
broken ;
In some jails a few special cells, '
-alls felon cells, are made of to d
oroof steel, and for detention and mis-,
demeanor cells, the mild steel is used, i
Again in o'her Jails all the outside j
steel parts of the cells are made of 1
tool proof This necessarily adds to Illinois is an undertakinng great in educated to its needs and cotrveni
the cost of the jsil. itself and should !e assigned to one ence That day has past and the peo-
By proper classification of the pris-j
oners the number of these toot pnwf i
cells may be greatly diminished, asjpliment and appreciate il as such and
may use. nothing will take the place
of vigilance
Thf
eternal vigil-
i ance js the price of liberty is as well
i known to criminals as to Patrick Hen
ry.
and the converse of this propo-
j Kton ls, ot
,). jutier.
should be. the motto of
UpM the
precedlnd P
inclusion of tin address
si, tent Armstrong made
several announcements relative to the
business affairs of the convention, and
in conclusion, read an invitation ex
tended the dMegates from The Bulla
tin Co to visit its plant and inspect the
, operation of getting out a metropolitan
ii.li. nanor i,v the awl nftha imet m
proved machinery. The invitation was
accepted and ordered made a part of
the records of the convention.
The convention adjourned at I
o'clock.
Right cleverly and royally did the
people of Cairo play the part of host
in the evening to their guests in pro
viding suitable entertainment consist
ing of a program of vocal and instru
mental numbers and readings given by
the M. B. Church choir, (lerinania
Maennorehor and Miss Alice It I
I nfortunaiely, Hon. Wm. N. Uutler.
down on the program for a talk, his
subject being "Reminisciences of
Cairo." was unavoidably detained at
the court house in his judicial capac
iiy. and the talk was omitted.
Each number was liberally applaud
ed and encores were frequent, in one
J particular instance, the Cermania
I Maennerchor quartette, consisting of
Messrs. Hasenjaeger. Day. Raeth and
Sclinli. the applause was savage, sev
eral of the enthusiastic auditors emit
ting yells similar to that frequently
heard at a political speaking, while all
joined heartily in demanding two en
cores, to whici
the quartette re-
ipohde
The entertainment closed the day's
j exercises, the convention to reassem-
hie at !: :io ; his morning to further con-
shier the business of the association.
.
Late Arrivals:
Kankakee county.- Louis Schneider
Jr.. Charles 1!. Astle. .1. Frank Leon
aid. Ii. A. Burgess,
Iroquois. Mark It KopHn, If. H.
Salmon
DeKalb, - V. A. (Hidden,
ead. Nlel. Sawyer.
Edgar T J Unions.
Mai ion. Fred Fallen.
M. rtlm-
CONVENTION SIDELIGHTS.
Many of the delegates In attendance
at the convention took advantage Of
the invitation of The Bulletin publish
ed yesterday morning, and extended
I again in a formal manner through the
medium of a written invitation and
' paid the office a visit, singly, in pairs
and groups. Thev were all shown
through the plant and explanations
made of the workings of the mechani
cat appliances. All expressed surprise
to find in a city the size of Cairo such
a hilly equipped plant
Many of our guests, laboring under
the impression, formed, from the
balmy like weather of the first day.
thai perhaps they were In the land of
oranges and banannas, but their im-
prpsslons were rudely dispelled to find
upon awakening In the morning, that
the ground was covered with a two
inch mantle of the "heatiful." and still
norther in proceeding front their hotel
to the assembly , hall, Many were the
'ughs" heard as our guests buttoned
tip closely their overeooats.
Many were the compliments show
ered. upon The Bulletin yesterday for
the enterprise exhibited in presenting
to its readers a comprehensive report
of inn proceeding! of the'eonvention.
The most sincere compliment, as If
was
one of action and not of
words, was evidenced yesterday moru -
ing before the opening of the session,
Each delegate a be took his seat pull-
ml out of h
lockej it copy ot The
Hulletin and procoiMeC-. lo perns Its
... . . "v - . t-r .
contents
Siinii ll
ba'l resembled a
large reading room, over one hundred
delegates holding spread papers and
reading the contents, in which they
were deeply engrossed.
Any of the delegates desiring extra
copies of The ftulleiin containing the
convention proceedings can obtain
them upon application at their hotels
the newstands and at The bulletin of
1 Ace. M
LEFT OVER
FROM WEDNESDAY
The following three addresses which
were delivered st the sessions of
Tuesday were crowded out of Wed
net day morning's issue through nfl
avoidable eircuni -ranees bin ar
printed in f
day as follows;
Prof. Jno. Snyder's Address.
To attempt to prciwre a paper to
entertain or instruct s body of public
officer- t the sreat commonwealth o'f
greater than I.
I assure you I consider il a com
for the
Here in the first hours of your meet-
Ing I predict for you a most interesting
and profitable session. Cairo will do
herself prond to entertain so prom I-
Deal and influential a body of rep
resentative citizens.
You come from all parts of this
great state of Illinois to exchange
ideas and compare uo'es as lo how
best make a progressive hut still an
economical government. This ex
change of Idea must result in better
government. It inspires and implants
principles of honest morality and a
sincere desire to faithfiillly perform
our duties as public officials. Corn-
ta
in touch, shoulder to shoulder
with ihe difficult problems which con
front us. we are better able to solve
them and thus give better public
service.
Every government cosists of three
vital and important parts, known in
government study as legislative or
law-making; the executive or law-enforcing;
and the judicial or law-Interpreting
departments. Bach is entire
ly distinct and apart in itself from
the other hut still united in one great
whole "our government."
Hut still these three departments,
however, are not entirely distinct,
for the executive holds the veto
POWer, a check to the legislative; and
the legislative holds the judicial pow
er of impeachment anil the executive
pow er of the continual ion of appoint
inents made by the executive officer.
The judiciary power even has a form
of executive power in compelling men
to obey the laws, and officers to per
form their several duties
Each department seems distinct
but each vltaMy connected as a check
over, the othnr. With the Constitution
as the supreme law of the land and
nation as the unit or model of govern-
nient all oiliesr follow.
State, county and town all small
units of the whole but each a whole
in itself. All consists of the three de
partments. The purisise of these
smaller units is to bring the govern-,
ment closer to the people, that they :
may feel themselves a part and thus j
nore itnerested in ten success of the
whole.
The county government is admin
istercd by officials (that is you. gen- j
Uemen.i elected by the people of the
COOQty. You make the ruins for do- j
Ing the things i bat need to be done
in your county and winch are not pro- i
tided for by the state laws. You. the
count) boards, are then the legtllt
tlve department of the county govern-
ment You make the rubs for the
building of roads and bridges, for fix
Ing and collecting taxes; for the care
of the poor, for the fixing of county j
officials' salaries, and enforcing the
DOlinty and stale law;; You see that
your rules are enforced, thus becom
ing also the exceptive depart incut ol
the county government.
You select the grfilHl and petit jitr
ors for the courts which Interpret
your rules and the state laws. You
members of the couny boards (super
visors and commissioners) are in a i
t0 e all the departments of the gov
trnmenl in one. You make, you exe- !
cute, and you interpret the rules of
vour own hoard That you will do
this well is the trust the people put
In you. You ate not banded for faith-
I fill er
ice as i
e people
he officials under you,
put faith in your in-
hilt 1 1
.tegrlty and honesty of purpose and
fair dealing, with man to num. and
-fcsloci you to guide the ship of state
to ts harbor of peace and progress.
Among the many duties you are to
perform these stand out clear and
dij-tinet lo my mind as ones to be
emphasized in words more eloquent
and more Impressive than I can tell.
' Your- flUHy 'in selecting the grand
jury and nun to be drawn for the
petit jury is one that should be care
fully performed by an act of your besl
judgment. Them an- the men who
act in behall of "law and order" and
srjould not be selected without close
'studv Men are guilty or innocent as
vMdgbed In their balance What a re-
sponsibility devolves upon these
and
upon
selecting them. Thev
should not be men favored for some
past aid iir interest shown in your
last success Hut business men of
ability and honesty of purpose. It
might be Interesting to look back-
ward some time
paid lists and s(
over the records id
see what a fixed prin
cipie is in
mind acts
psychology "that as the
t tends to ac! again
especially for tour y
ars are the term
of office in these matters. The
chronic jury seeker is as had as the
ohronlc loafer and his existence
should be short Weigh the matter
carefully before selectine Ihe next
list. I advise you.
You have charge of roads and
btidget The time i ripe for action
The peole not only see. ihe need nd
benefit for them but they demand
your bef sndesvor in the matter,
Good. Iiari) road.1, the yeai round is
the crying need ot a progressive gov-
ernment When the great national
road, pari linards. part stone, and part
gravel was built connecting the great
central west with th" llv and pro
gre.-ive east the people had to be
pie now demand better roads.
There 'is no economy in playing
watch dog" to the treasury and hav
thank the Program Commit tei
honor conferred upon me.
ing-the toiling bread earnf
profit because he cannot g
due to market on account of had
roads. !o with any county superin-
tendent in his daily toil over the sine
of Illinois and I believe each of you
would then exert your best and most
earnest endeavor to remedy this draw
back to good government
Before this meeting closes you will
be addressed more fully upon the sub
ject of "good roads" by one who has
devoted a great deal of time u their
study.
My plea is for a good public high
way leading to every school house
in the land. If it is the wish of the
people, by vote to locate the school
house in some lone.y vale or some
isolated hill top. it ;s your duty,
county boards, to order a public
highway to be kept constantly open
that leads to the temple of learn
ing." Some people think, because
they own the surrounding land, they
own the world, and it is a tresspass
to cross the land. Cases innumerable
exists in the great state of Illinois
where school Children are required to
walk miles to go only a short dist
ance to get to school. They are told
you cannot cross my farm. They art
greeted wit ih great, broad board signs
of bad spelling and bad grammar and I
qualities of the inhuman, "No tress
passing, " "Keep out." "Private proper
ty" tir "(lit off the grass "
Neighbors do not speak and tin
, , .. .. .
wtiote community is at outs on ac
count of no road to the school house
Honored gentlemen of the Count)
yOU can relieve the tenison here and
restore peace and happiness and it is.
a duty that rests with yon For the
good of humanity and the prog rati
of all that is most precious out
children, 1 lug of you to act
Another duty I wish to call to your
minds is that of fixing the conipen
sat ion of county officials. The con
stitution of the state of Illinois make:
it the duty of county boards "to fix
ihe compensation of all county of
Beers, with the amount of their neces
sary clerk hire, stationery, fuel am
other expenses and In all cases when
fees are provided for, said compenst
'ion shall be paid only out of. am'
shall in no instances exceed, the feet
actually collected:" "provided . that
the compensation of no officer shal
he increased or diminished during his
term of office, " The county superln
tendent of schools Is exempt fron
this section, tor nnot'ier reads that
his compensation shall be prescribed
by law." The law says It may" bf
fixed by the county board as to thi
Dumber of days the superintendent
may "put in" in a year. Kor the gom
of the schools. I use the position Ol
county superintendent to present tin
argument for a careful consideration
f the matter oi compensation. I fee
he argument applies to all count)
dllcers. For the good of edueatioi
and to get Its fullest meaning and it:
greatest development it should have
every minute of finie devoted to Its
interests. The best of time the best
pay should be in Its progress. In
counties of not more than one him
dreil schools the superintendent has
all his time for Ids official work, tin
iest Hie county board limits him and
the extent of ihe limitation Is BUM
by law. The boards In these sniallei
OOUnUaa are not requlrerd W limit
the time. The best interests of tin
schools and of the county will he
consulted by putting no restriction
In time limit for school supervision
ays Ifateman.
Superintendents should be prompt,
reliable ami efficient agents of the
people and constant advisors The
idea that this school work can lie
properly done by any man in connec
tion with or In addition to any other
regular profession or emplovment is
absureri. The xchools need an'1
should be given the entire lime and
energy of the superintendent His or
her advice or experience in school
natters should at all times and in all
placM be at the service of those who
need it. If this Is true the time
should be unlimited.
Centlemen. in considering the ques
tion of limitation you should consider
the question of senilis neeileil and
time required; of where the nione
comes and that the superintendent
I salary is not on question of the conn
ty treasury. Not one dollar of it
comes from the county money Ii
comes from the state school fund and
is paid bv the state treasurer upon
'in order issued by the slate auditor
alter the time served has been O
KM by you What ever time you
allow is paid for upon the vorn
statement of the superintendent as to
lime put in to his duties. It Is very
convenient for some of the hoards
to get bark of that costitutional clause
as "to term of office" when some
officiial asks for special work or
help. Many a criminal is at liberty
because ihe sheriff is not allowed suf
ficient help or money in running him
down Many an emltozj.ler has heen
made berause of low wages for his
hire The business man knows it is
a savins to have good men and pay
them well. The profits are always
larg. r and
the returns more satis
factory. The matter of salaries and
higher wsges is a much taikeirof sub
ject at present, in ail professions and
callings.
The last stste' legislature saw It
to pans upon the matter. I admim
them tor it. Their salaries as repn
sentatlves are not In proportion to Ihe
progress of greatness that this great
ommonwealth has attained. A gover
nor or a member of the legislature
is worth more in PW4 than in 187,
the time of the adoption of the ttate
(institution The representatives have
nany times multiplied since then mol
with renewed responsibilities should
tome a greater compensation. The ex
perience of a year should he worth
aiore or less each year. County
toards should fix the compensation
nit I think it should be fixed every
ear instead of every four. If the
leople have selected a man who is not
ntiiled to the compensation allowed,
he board should allow him less next
ear. If he is worth more he should
lave ii. A good government, costs
: money I in- hetter the government
the more it costs. Economy in the
luestion of compensation Is not al
vays the best economy. It takes per
laps from the service. It is service
ve want It is wise, conscientious
-sen ice the people asks of their public
nticers. County Ixiards. you can do
nnch in this matter of faithful sir
vice Nurture it. Economize it. Ex
pect it. Pay for it. Have it ami the
people will sing your praises and the
d'fiee holders will rise up and call
,"ou blessed.
WILL J. LAW S ADDRESS.
Mr. Chairman and Oentlemen of
he Convention; The subject. The
')uties of the County Board, which
has been assigned to me is very broad
tnd in order to discuss all the duties
if the County Hoard it would take
nore time thsn this convention In
ended to allot me, It is highly proh
ihle thai I will not be able to tell
his body of County Commissioners
ind Supervisors anything new regard
ing their duties yet. I submit to you
i ivhat 1 have for consideration.
There is no office within the gift
of the people that is of more itn-
pnttwant to the masses than that of
the board of County Commissioners
md Supervisors, because their bus:
ics is dealing with mailers that af
feet the people; It is their work which
ias to do with managing the finance
if the county; It is thev who arrange
o meet the obligations of the coun
y; ami it is their duty to see that
heir county affairs are conducted in
in economic manner; it is their duty
o tee after the poor, the county's
tarda; ii is their dutj to see after
mildiim bridges in the county, so that
he people can get to the market with
heir produce: it is also their duty
o a certain extent, to see that other
'Ulcers of the county perform their
tuttet, and especially to see that the
alary of the county clerk and other
d'fieers are not too high, and to see
hat al of the funds that come lo
belt hands are properly accounted
or.
The first of these duties of which
, will now speak, is that of revenue
While it is true there Is no system
which will do exact justice to all per
tins in all cases, and, while It Is
true that approximate results can l
hoped for at best, yet, there Is an
almost universal feeling that our sys
tern of obtaining revenue is faulty,
and that Its workings are bad. and
It It no cause for surprise that some
find fault with one of its phases and
;ome with another I am not here to
ay who Is right and who is wrong
with reference to the law as It ex
isls. but to point out. if possible.
ome improvement upon the enforce
rient of the law as it exists A law
theoretically corect may be, from
mproper enforcement or lack of en-
forcemeat, unjust and impolitic. This
ritnl question has been discussed in
very legislative body that has as
sembled since oUf government was
trganized. in every state in the Amerl
an union, and yet, I doubt if any
f the great states has a law that
axes all equally, and with which, all
f the people are satisfied, and which
OU Id not he. even by the legislature
if the respective state, improved up
n. The matter of taxation is one that
ias Interested our people and has lieen
UsCussed since the thirteen colonic
were organized to resist unjust tax
Ition from our mother country. Our
torefsthers complained bitterly be
cause they were obliged to pay taxes
without representation This was a
"undimental principle, and was the
irime cause of the revolution
Equality m all things and to all per
sons before the law. was then the
ar cry Our war cry at this ffhc
ihould he for g(M)d men to assess our
iroperty. who do not deslf.- to use
their position for political or nhe,
olvantages. They should be men of
ood judgment with a desire to do
ius;iee to all men. They should as
ess all property, hoth visible and in
visible. t Its fair cash value, and
Ml the assessors should have the same
basis of reachlnc the fair cash value.
With that kind of officials, pmperlv
Instructed before they stert out to
assess, we would relieve the county
hoard of review from the greater
part of the difficult task now em
HmaterM kj them, and would he of
great assistance to the Stste Hoard
of Equalization.
It is th duty of the couaty bonrd
to meet with the different township
(Continued on Sixth Page.)