The Cairo bulletin., June 04, 1904, PART II, Page 10, Image 11

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THE CAIRO BULLETIN, SATURDAY MORNING, JUNE 4, 1901
JO
(Continued from Page Nine )
Ing. boxing, wrestling and weight
throwing; later on the chariot race
wan Introduced and became very
popular. Most of these events are
till used by modern athletic meets.
The Discus Hurling which was one
of their mosi gleeful events was a
uhject for Beveral sculptors best
work.and stili occupies a leading
place la the athletic cut.testa of to
day. The effects on the Greeks of these
games were many, one of which was
to develop a love or rever.-nee for
their dead in whose honor the games
were generally held, for they thought
that the departed souls could rejoice
In them. So they held these meats
at or near the tombs of departed
heroes.
They also had games in honor of
their different gods. Another effect
was on the art and culture of that
time and it proved Immense for the
training received from these contests
caused well developed bodies to be
turned ont. This enabled the sculp
nt that time to produce master
pieces which are stll admired and
have never been surpassed even In
this age of culture.
These gamas also enabled the
Creeks to build up a strong nation,
physically as well as mentally, for a
strong mhai usually accompauys a
strong body and this holds true in
this case because this is what en
abled the Greeks to lead In the affairs
of that time and to be a world power
and it was only after their interest
In these games became lake warm
that their power as a nation retro
graded. The good effect on the poets was
noticeable because they labored
months and months trying to
compose verses cm the games or
victors for which a prize was
given for the best work. The
games also promoted trade and
Intercourse and turned the thoughts
of the people to higher things than
war and quarreling among them
stdves. But with all these induce
ments it sever tended to build up a
strong centralized government.
We should speak of the re.
given the winners of these game;
which was such as is never seen in
our time.
Although the pri;e was a garland
of olive they prized it more highly
than if it had been gold. The winners
nafm were proclaimed throughout
the work! and the djffefent cities
from which th victors came feasted
and held a genera! holiday. All these
enthusiastic demonstrations urged the
athlete to put forth hie best effort
and some of their bead records com
pare favorably with those of the mod
em day.
The athlete of to-day undergoes
some rigid training ssch as care in
eating, drinking, smoking yet they
can hardlyb compared with those of
the ancient Greeks.
It hi UT opinioa that the world is
undergoing a physical culture reform
for vegetarians- and people uU"A"
of fasting and exercising instead of
being lojoked upon as cranks are In
ginning to be considered more ser
iously and the different magainos
pubhwhed on these subjects have their
circulation increased every year, nlae
the great number of gymnasiums be
lug built is a good proof.
This year at the Worlds Fair these
Katnes will be held for about seven
months and all forms of contests will
be held and better record are expect
ed to be made and it Is thought that
these will be the most successful meet
ver held since revival of these games
and it Is hoped that every one that
visits the fair will attend on.' of these
games and get an idea of them be-
lore they condemn them.
JOHN Jl'LIAN SMEEHAN, '04
THE SCHOOL aiL OF TODAY AND
OP YBtTERBAY.
There Is probably nothing that
mark the progress of our conn
wi.wh Hie advancement of 'he
school Rlrl. The long hiatus during
which girls went practically wititont
frwe school opportunities was about
a century anA a half. Where their e
neat Ion was looked upon as a us.
expense it Is now looked upon as a
nec easily. It was eren fashionable to
ridicule female learning;, and it is not
until 1771 that we find the public
schools opening their door to girls
Even after their entrance there were
many obelacles to overcome.
Th cultivation of the female mini
was regarded with utter Indifferent--
and we oftn And record .f village
fathers votlntr not to be at the expefloi
.4 schooling glr!n. ProOably some of
the advantages which the acbool girl
of today enjoys are due to the fatheri
of rodoy, who are willing to sacrifice
much m ordnr to educate their
daughters
In dm colonial days of our country
we flu two ditttia.t ! of the
schoofcrlrl. Nirtlwrn and Southcrti
the fbroivr more achievrttg the laite.
inor lotoly. Tb Kon'hern atir' m I
usually nducated at home while the
sort barn girl attended a school of
inferior order taught often by nnelu
rated women. Their chi-f studies
were manners, alphabet, and the spa
ling of the catechism, which eery
wtli bred girl knew by heart What
a contrast between 'he studies of the
school girl of yesterday and the
studies of th girt of today
At the various schools which sprung
up later wa find the aorthern strength
and the southern grace combined.
A notkmble difference, which in
fluenced to a great teat. the lire Of
the girls, was their simple mod
bom life as compared with the life
of the present day girl She had very
few. If any. oocms Unties
The Pnritanf jeatoasly gnarled
their home Hfe. A girl eottli not
Ammo without shucking most, if not
eh could not act
-
tirvals between, sewing and house-1
hold cares she plaved battledore audi
IktaAi ith i,..r sister or friends
or irii'inis
fashioned ;
or practiced on an old
spinet or vjjginal. The singing school
was the great social event and
the occasion :f much companionship
among the village young people
In regard to sewing, cooking and
housekeeping, which made up her
education, she may be said to ercel
the girl of today But when we think
of the literature, higher mathematics.
srt. muic. and science in which the
present school girl Is versed, and of
the high position she is thus enabled
to hold we look back with pity on the
meagre learning of the past School
. nt th.. srhoo s nre
Kin. l.'. iuau u.
introducing domestic science, which
when taken up by all the sehools.v, m
leave nothing for our predecessors to ;
excel In. I
In olden times when girls were '
km...!.! i.n In rural communities, the
question of exercise as connect. m
with schools attracted little, if any.
attention. Roaming la the open
m -' i'
climbing apple trees. basKmg
In the sun. or reclining in the shade.
was a perfectly natural iktui'".
Todav however these privileges
it,.-, maioritv of sctwol i
girls and the question of exercise tuns
vt. !,. n ith that of education
mm-. ..... i."..s. - -
Owing to thi basket-ball has be-
come a popular game for girls, be-j
ides all kinds of gymnastic drills ,
The former Bode of exercise, though,
is undoubtedly more beneficial than
the latter and made the girl of the
the latttr ana m- i
past better adapteti. pnysirao. iw
S dv i
? an.'- thP irl of the sun- ,
Wn.net and ginaham prn S..
II' .. " r- ,,., .... r,---
of. we recognise the girl of long ago. ;
Her simplicity in dress added to ner .
rharms. "But am I not simply dr.-ss .
ed." asked the girl of to-day. and as ty.
she speaks she points to a stiff, white
...... hi.-l.- He her perfectly
l it! Ill it I'l -.-i r
-n.: a tailftr.iriKiU'
liatllllineu Win nai.-i..
skirt and patent leather hoots. Very j
charming, indeed, she hoks and we
can but answer ' yes" to her question .
True the latter is the more expensive I
Jir though we think with regret,
that the maiden with the sun bonnet
and gingham apn.n is truly a thing 01
thP nastt we are liound to look, with
pride and admiration upon her siu
cessor. realizing at the same time
that the period in which we live, de
mands girls who nre better adapted
to take care of themselves, than , the
girls of old.
Formerly, girls were educated with
the ideas "of taking up domestic life
at the completion of their education.
now they are educated ir a pwn.
career.
It is not yet a century from the
time when money was refused to edu
cate girls with, and lotto-day mil
lions are spent annually to entice
girls from the remotest places to get
learning. For the unlettered house
keeper taking time from her home
duties to gather the children IMW
for knee. w have the young, nw
learned president of the college.
or the woman directing tne move
ment of hundreds of pupils, tor
he girl accustomed to dental
and deprecatlnfTy asking
. . . . .... tVii
a little mstrucrifw. v.-
bright facd. trustful young woman.
who expects the best the world nas
to offer
"A little knowledge Is a danger
ous thing; but only because it is a lit
tle." So the brilliant WW into
which our educated school girls are
developing, have quieted the fear
and grave apprehension as to the
consequence f much learning m n - -
sex, an.t sne nas amin.imm.
.... k ,.l,.ta roannnsl- i
tna. Sll' IUI1 :! .11 '." mmmW ,
hi I it y
Ing.
of loving, serving, and Know
PJUCI r. lOHNtTON.
THE SELF MADE MAN.
There Is no royal road to success
The t.n of the glittering ladder is not
gained by pleasares. but by one's own
efforts for what we do best Is none
against difficulties. The raHlHia
of success, persistent work and in-.
- will, have never been i
otherwise since the days of Adam
Certain, tis. it Is the old story or
pt.vertv and struggle. Man vt.tory
The most successful men in Ameri I
ca both In early and in later limes.
hsv nearly all fought their way to
, ii...ji. -.rolnat fnrmhl- !
able obstacles Rtttenhous. Hatriek
Henry. Clay. Webster. Lincoln and
Meant were all the sons of SMir pai
eats The education of thee men
waa so light out and aain d by their
own efforts. Many are the stories
told of Lincoln in his efforts to
study law
We wonder why the college with us
extensive BblWtWi and well trained
teachers do not create more great
men. When the true light is thrown
upon the subject w find, that most
mt-n who have bad the honor of a col
lege education, come from ealthy
families and have been accustomed
to an easy life and as a result, they
do not d-p,nrt "lm themselves
uMk Th n.irit. and other ele
mnts which must originate wuiiiti
'he man have !.n neglect. M
A guild gMMMati is more valuable
now than m former days. f'ertain
positions demands an educated man.
but he must mak' himself desirable
and capable of leing relied upon.
Eilucation is very essential F.w-n
the man who has no other resources
to draw upon than himself, seeks
some kind of an education. Humble
origin should not retard the move
men: toward MMM of any man
College graduates, who have work
ed their way through college, and
who have been struggling with pover
t and hardship since early life, make
the most desirable men. They are
tbe men of th hor 8lf reliance
has grown up with them
Mere hardships, of course will not
make a man strong, out n is an ira-
fMfaat aid m Hie development of
make a man strong but it is an Im
with
ease.
dilooi lines.., nuncio. . w.u. .
storm with sunshine, sorrow with joy.
wiu " -". ' .
these constitute the discipline of life.
the education winch maivs
:i man of
:i betna who won
..iherwixe be lit-
tie belter than an atnmul.
ROBERT CANT W ELI
, , 1
DOMESTIC EDUCATION OF GIRLS.
Th. re is no:hiu in which the pies
,., riiaun. fr.,,1) the i.ast more .
than in
girls.
To day
the domestic education of
ems that
the Inchest
aim is to make girls as useless for
domestic and house keeping putpoaeg
as possible. And the more sup t-
icia an.l lasuioiiui.ie ;". .
better satisfied are both mothers and
.laughters, no m
and social wr CO.
brought up con
grleviOM moral
hen girls are I
lively helpless
j
in when voting I
in th" liousenoui.
All girls should
to take an late real
in tl
daily
family, and
- do so m e-
should be taught
thing for its comfort. They should
be taught to come cheerfully and
promptly to the aid of the mother in
her cares. Everv girl, whether rich
or poor mmumm .... i
knowledge of house work or disorder
will reign in th.
making discomfort
household- thus
i tit tmmOm If
sue on not miow mum ...
work done properly.
A eirl should kn.'w somettung ofj
the expenses of the family. -and how
to keep an accurate account of their
own. She should not consider her
.i,.j tu she has I
.-.. , : . ,
master! something by which be CM
gain a livelihood should .-he be re-
due.M
to the necesity f stipHrting
And this happens quite of
ir so many families by unex
r. -verses are reliiced to pover
hersel
ten. r
anctnd
.ov
than
r was there
to subst.it tit.
greater blunder
accomplishment
fOr . .iniesiic dilltes i rue iin au. ...
-- , , .
should prepare a girl for her duty as
companion of man. She would then
oe a rem i..u,r. wmmm -
tmr.ten.
MADGE M ZIMMEKMAN
THE WOMAN OF THE TWENTIETH
CENTURY,
The present pofi'ion ot woman in
the world has been gradual in Itl
aehiovmenl. Disabilities of woman
have been one after another removed
until at the present dny. in most civ
tilled countriese. the position of the
woman oi the twentieth century dif
fers very little from that of man.
As everything else has prttfrMsed
and advanced, so has woman.
Let us turn hack and look at the
woman in ancient history she was
nothing more than a slave to her hits
band and family, of no consideration
Whatever In nearly all the Oriental
nation-. wlt the exception or Eevpt
where could ffce? appear in public
with their nolfctftd. women were
k..ut in strict aeel salon.
The Creeks, the most famous
r. lea. even in the brilliant
of al
Nrl
clean age, where the glory and pros
perity of Athens had reach! its
height there was a lack of considers
tion for woman. It was the lys only
who received an education. The pos
it ion of woman was really that of a
slave. She was not allowed to ap
pear In public or even so much as to
help entertain or even meet the
friends of her husband.
The duties and work of the woman
of Rome were similar to those if the
woman of Oreece, although the Ro
--- ;ifi..r her marriage, was
f privileges. I
111.11! ...,.... . -
m. n ,,.,
might go to piact
of amusement, for
instance the atiitihi: leat re. where BAA
witnessed With the gr. at. M pleasure
the gladiatorial combats of the arena,
the chariot races, bull fights and va
rious other enjoyments.
But Father Time has removed those
narrow idea Of woman and has
taught, by reason and exixTh'nce. that
woman's
life and work belong to as
broad a spnere as nun ... .......
Woman as well as man has figured
greatly in history.
Think Of lh brave deeds Of the
ihorok MI loan of Arc, nere
wa bo uiorj irai g. - -
wicked t leopatra. me mum,
reign of English histoTJ wa- that M
n Elizabeth. Look at the gfjOOl
ablitty a- rulers displayed in I ather
ine II id Russia. Oiieen Lo-lisa of
l'i issta, and th
dearest of all. Qneefl
Victoria.
Woman has advanced, and in
the twentieth century she
this
has ;
readied her proper standard
Learned, energetic, independent
this describe the American woman
of the twentieth century. She Is not
a h r ancestors were --dependent
No! She applies herself and gain
the aUUty, il OQBsanry, to support
herself.
It used to be the prevailing Idea
that marriage was the true. If not
wde cud of woman's existence, but
tint absurd idea is a thing of Hie
pgat.
The Iwaatieth century woman re
eeiie, a hiiih education, which is
ary in this httofloc
ngi.i ano u .
ma! ah.'. Sh. must have a common
high school course iu order to meet
tbo common, every day dutie;; of a
woman, but generally she goes far
ther than this, she studies all 'he
hnu nnd has nroven to he just
mm ,...ieL- n.l is ant a DUUil In her
studies a the opposite sex.
It I very common at present for
women to h doctors, law yers. . lit. .r-
managers of large estat-. at the tu-ad
of responsible corporations and the
like. Here r:es the question of the
proper sphere of woman.
It is the opinion of many that dom-
esur uie i" ..i." proy-i j...-.- ,.i
man. and that she is unfit by nature
for th1 s'Jntggle of industry, and
that the worn woaM ieotiof the fern
inine traits of characr: that she Is
r. r. r tht m-nrris uf blisi
" - i
ness life and. therefore, she does not,
Mtlon. WWgnness, atiamauni
But. let us looi. for a moment and
see H thai opinion is a correct one
It has been proven thai woman has
as mti.'h ability to follow what, v .-
proiession sue wisncs
as -ti man
It. V v
and Mi" can contend
with just as
many worries and burdens as well
I aye,. In many cases. better and more
! li,a...i.ilJi. than mm. Thtifn Ifl lit) III1-
i I 1 1 1 1 ' I Ji'l i ii HNHK ' . s -
CeOBlty lor the destruction or re
BJO Til of feminine qualities whatetei
This depend;; entirely upon the iudi
eidinl tor then- will be a certain
.dignity and respect given to either
sex it properly tleni.in.led. An educa
tion only tends to make a woman
more attractive, and cultured women
naturally raise the standard of living
in a nation.
Women are companions for men
tnereiore companions musi i...if,e
nial to each oilier. A highly educated
man .ioees not enjoy the company of
an uneducated woman: so In order to
till her place in society she must have
an education, and by having an edu
cation and employment similar to
man's only tends to make her more
spirited, more intelligent, and a fittoi
companion for man.
It is the desire of our great Creator
that every individual should do what
he is best fitted for. and what la BOSt
for the good t tin ; won. I an.l us peo
ile. Therefore the woman of th.'
. ....
irf has
reached her
STiIJmu
I mw a
BUM o . an.t
MOM I
A p.mc vs
Po warn, to .
her position in
ich She is best
i sue can do the
'man
mfo
n
planned
rt an.l command,
till and bright
an angel light."
Wordsworth.
ZORA LEG.
And yet a si rit s
With something of
RURAL LIFE.
When Cod created the earth and
placed our great ancestors in the
lovely garden of Eden, filled with
beautiful plants and llowers. an.l trees
laden with fruit, they should have
been contented and happy, hut alas
obedience was not one of Eve's hies
sed trails, an.l for her sin the edict
went forth that we shoul.ll cam our
bread by the sweat of our brow. Thus
the cultivation of the soil, the primi
live employment of man, is first in
time, and first in importance.
To those whose inclinations leal
them to seek a home In the country
where amid waving fields of grain
well fed cattle, sheep and poultry, all
gained by hard labor, from early morn
till sunset, through the spring and
summer months, who can describe
their contentment an.l happiness
through the long winter months
when with crops gathered and stored
they enjoy a well-earned rest.
The strong desire, the longing after
the country, which most of us feel, es
peeially in the sweet springtime
poin's to it as the chosen abode of
bliss, tl removes us from the s-moke
r.o'so and hurlv batty "f the cities.
with their dense population, and nun
ifold occupations, from the eotnpanv
of those in whom imperfections of
character prevail, and places us In a
new. purer and more beautiful world
, To walk with the breeze upon oneV
brow, to trample the level grass, to
wander over the rolling hills ,to drink
the pure water of some bubbling
spring, is perfect happiness, comiiu,
from the contentment one feels with
himself tad the world. The mind is
occupied with the creation of (Jd
with the rocks, water, pin tits and
animals. Everywhere we la-bold
beauty and harmony, order and unity
and Cod's goodii'-ss, wisdom and om
Bfpotence present themselves wonder
fully to our sight, particularly when
we are privileged to view large for
ests, high mountains, volcanos, cat
U-actS, lakes and oceans.
The dwellers in cities may feel the
stir of spring in their blood, may feel
the joyoiisncss of the sunny days, but
'tis only as a caged bird feels the stir
ring of the broeM ami beats its wings
agaiii-t its prisoned .sides in a vain
attempt to escape.
The love and longing for the old
homestead on the farm is thus beau
tifully expressed by Samuel Wood
worth: I 1M
How dear to this heart are the ROOM
of my childhood.
When fond recollections pres. tit
them to view;
The otcbard. the meadow, the deep
tangle,) Wild wood
And every lovd sot which my In
fanrv knew.
The w ide spreading pond and the mill
that stood by It,
The bridge ami the rock where the
cataract fell,
The cot of my father, the dairy-hous.
nigh It,
And n the rude bucket that hung
in the well.
The glory of the country Is in its
homes, which contain ihe true ele
moats of national vitality an I patrl
. To know what the rural dis
trict.s have produced, take Lincoln
and Webster, with thnir glorious ia
teller.., Washington, the patrician
ige, on his plantation in nid in
ginla: Jefferson, in his country seat
ami J ha Adam tilling his farm hi
Ma achu et I Furthermore, It is
interesting to note that not one of
our past president was Ix.rn in Lie
citv
Country life holds forth ome of Ihe
! mi.-t delightful pleasures
It is ther.
j that horseback riding, so healthful
t and Invigorating, is at its best On
may race up and down the long hills
, without being restrictel by spoe-1
I laws, and unless you have taken long
, drives through country lanes and
shaded roadsides when the coot wind
j of an early September morning gave
a ugstion of cooler days to come
you have not enjoyed all the plea-;
tires this lif can afford.
Oh what f;:n fo "Tp end lumlln
over a haystack, to laboriously climb
its sliDwrv slHiinr sides and after
" ' . .
reaching the top, to roll swtt:iy back
Ii inn. resort tot no cellar for a
goblet of cooling buttermilk.
It .is a jo to be ill the country in
the fresh ' spring days, for there is
something In ihe sun which makes
the heart glad, and awakens us to all
: longs beautiful and hopeful again.
In some places rortl life Is very
uKUiotonou I, and even trying on th.
nerves, to a certain decree, but when
the fanner has allowed intellectual
progress to enter into his everyday
lite he does not fear monotony, oi
itiihappluer's, but il is then that rural
lite becomes the ideal life.
VIRGINIA M. FALCONER.
THE FOREIGN FRIENDS OF THE
AMERICAN COLONIES.
Who were these foreign friends of
the colonies that fought for liberty in
the latter part of the eighteenth cen
tury? They were foreigners who left
home, country, honors of high offices
or who fought for liberty for their
own country. Brave men and true
they were. Hrave Indeed to leave
homo and cast their fortunes with
the American COkmkt. True men
who did not leave a blotch on their
character, and who very ofteu died
in the service of the country they
had endeavored to help to freedom
To mention some four or five, there
are La Fayette, KoscInsdtO, Haron
De Kalb, Haron Steuben and Pulhakl
When the revolution broke out La
Fayette was fired with the enthusi
asm that stirred the Americans. Al
though a Frenchman, he entered the
service of the colonies, coming with
devon companions, one of whom was
Baroo DeKalb in it;; congress pnre
him the title of major-general. He
was wounded at Bian.lywine. La
Fayette was a member of the court
martial that condemned Major Andre
He sailed for France in 1 78 1 but re
turned In lTSifor a visit, and was re
ceived with great enthusiasm.
Kosi'iuszko was a Pole, who was
recommended as a COfcmel by Benj
Franklin, becoming soon after, chief
eqgittW In charge of fort construe
tion on the Hudson river. He was
adjutant to General Washington, but
afterwards served with Cunerai
.ii. At the close of hostilities
Kosciuszko was made major-general
ind received the thanks of congress
Haron DeKalb was one of the eleven
companions of La Fayette who canir
to this country, and offering his ser
rioM to congress was commission.'.'
major general. He served iu New Jet
-i . and afterwards under Genera i
Creen. Haron De Ka!t was mortally
wounded at Camden.
Raron Steuben, a Prussian, joined
the American army in 1777. when Iu
vai made majorgeneral. . Soon aftei
he became inspector-general, reorgan
IxtBg and drilling the army, while it
was at Valley Forge. He saw set
vice in f'.mnecticut, where he check.-.!
traitor Arnold's raid, in the Carolinas
and in New Jersey. Damn StMhOfl
was present at th surrender of Corn
wallis at Yorktown in 1781. Eor his
services he received land in New
Vork, Pennsylvania and Virginia and
a pension of MM.
Pulaski made the acquaintance of
llenj. Franklin and joined the Amen
can as a volunteer, becoming soon
after a brigadier general. At Savan
nah. Pulaski commanded the com
btned forces of French and American
cavalry, during the charge of which
he was mortally wounded.
These m.-n which have been taken
for example show that those who
came here to fake arms with the Am
ariOMUj and light for liberty evidently
howed that they did not expect any
recompense whatever for tneir ser
vices. Three of them were men ot
wealth in their own country, while
the other two were driven from tlnir
country for lighting for the liberty Of
their people. Of these live men two
were thanked by congress, iwu pm.
died before the end of the war. while
the other was given a pension and
large holdings of land in three of the
eastern states.
Does not honor belong to these
men? Did not France a few years
aen erect a monument in honor of
La Fayette, to which the sch.sd chll
.Inn of America contributed a large
amount0 Perhaps they are not very
veil known, but they helped to mak.
...... i,.ri,,u in. ion : free land, to
.nil ri-.m...... .... ..-., " .
ntsni ltaH an.l eventually 10 be
.. ,.n ,.f thn trrontesl nations of
. ..in. wn, " ..... n
the earth.
ALBERT C. NELSON.
MISDIRECTED EFFORTS.
The majority of the population of
the world knows that, almost with
out exception, the greatest men have
upheld the policy that persistence is
the road to snccesa. and that these
-aim great men have.tn a very great
extent.attained their fame and honor
through the practice of this policy.
We also know that success does not
await everyone in whatever way he
mav seek It: that many fail where
few succeed, led that In these modern
lays, when all have equal opportunl
ties of obtaining an education, we gJ
better prepared to determine wnar
rhcattoa we are best qualified to M
low
I shall now endeavor to give you
ggaac evidence that my second slate
men is true.
The ancients, to satisfy their re
ligloiis yearnings, sought to discovef
the principles on which the unlvrse
is Used Hundreds of lives were
-pent in discovering secrets which
were never intended for human tin
derstan.iing.
All modern students ar" familiar
with the researches of the ancient?
i- ik c.l.tirn raltrst slchemv The
in .ii, ...... --. - -
object of this science wa to convert
the hasr mtsls Into gold This un
iprtakinsr was conscientiously b"
licvel possible. Tliouiands sper.t all
their time and efforts In attempting
to perform what we realize Is un
achievable by human beings
The Crusades form another great
enterprise not entirely without g.ioil
results, though these g.od results
were not enough to supply the great
loss of life,' wealth and progress of
the nations which were involved In
them. How much better and wiser
llie world would have been If all thit
lOjM of life, wealth an.l efforts had
been sp.-nt iii spreading the Christian
religion, rather than In trying to ac
compllsb a less worthy result.
Many people in some way receive
an impression that they have talent:'
which the public by careful observa
tion soon discovers that they hav.
not. We watch with much Intereattbul
at the same time with the eye oi a cob'
critic, the efforts of a person trying
t.) learn music or elocution. W.
know that these things are made in
person, not acquired. They plod on .
we admire their persistence, but fee)
that some one ought to tell them what
great mistakes they are making. bi;
not having the heart or courage tc
do it ourselves.
Then others are not willing to be
gin at the bottom. They yearn Coi
excellence at the very beginaihg and
because they cannot have it give u;
and try something else. Of courae
tail manner of procedure nccom
plishes nothing, for "a rolling stone
gathers no moss." If you seem, how
ever, to be making no progress what
ever, try and find out what it Is thai
yon can do and enter Into it with yotu
whole energy.
Flattery often misleads. A person
displays his accomplishments to you
Realiaina that he has done nothing
out of the ordinary, timidity compels
you to praise him. He believes yon
and keeps on Some one else, lik.
yourself, tells him that he has don.
well. Encouraged still more he con
tlnuea, to the satisfaction of himselt
but not to that of others. It is a
good thing to be contldcut in our
Ives, but there is a difference be
tUreeQ self confidence and self llatterv ,
We also follow too much in tin
footsteps of others. If we have idea;
f our own we are usually afraid t
advance them, when perhaps they
would be well received and would
bring us a crown of success.
Of course we cannot judge to.
harshlv of what we should follow. We
must use our own judgment and the
judgmentot others, profiting by the
history Of the past and conceding Co
the demands of the present, it then
remains for the future generations
to decide whether or not our effort;
have been misdirected.
J888E M PBRCSL
THE
EVOLUTION OF
GIRL.
A SCHOOL
It is a pleasant thing for a girl to
ro to sehool In our present day. It II
moderately pleasant to go to board
mi; school, but there was a time ted
so very long .ago w hen the "hardship
of school" was not a fancy phrase.
Iu the early days our girls were not
educated. Boys were the only OBl
thought to be fit for an education
ami that was not very extensive, but
as the world grew and our dootrOJ
became more affluent, we began tin
education of our girls.
Look at the time when Mi s Sh. r
wood enl.'i.d upon school life Sue
was almost the same as kept in
prison, having the punishment of sit
ting for hours ai a time in a brae.
of wood, collar of iron, and reciting
all her lessons standing In stocks.
Think of enduring such torture
But she bore it bravely and was a
cheerful an I contented girl. No won
der when she was sent to a famous
PretlCh school call.-d "Abbey Seh.tol,"
she thought it a luxury compared to
her life in the past.
Mary Fairfax, who was born over a
hundred years ago. never entered
school until she was ten years of age,
hut she. too, experienced the same
fate as Mrs. Sherwood.
Think of studying a whole page of
.Johnson's dictionary and learning
pages of definitions every day. and
all the while being unable to see what
the girl next to you was doing. After
all of this rigid discipline they Were
not taught much. Miss Fairfax was
taught the art of sewing and in after
years grew very fond of study. Often
her candles were taken away from
her to prevent h-r sitting up late ,"i
night, and then ev-n at daybreak she
was known to arise and work away
at her studies It is plain that her
.lavs were not shortened by hard
d tidy for she lived to be M years of
age. and was one ot tin- most, it-arne i
women of England
In the first part of the nineteenth
century, the girls were thought to
be sufficiently equipped for their lot
In life If they knew the first rules ol
three -arithmetic, while In language
they wore not enlightened. In their
OWOOOlilnai and gramar they wen-
taught only enough to enable (hem
to write a letter.
The arithmetics and readers of
old.-n i inies were soiter volumes
bound in full sheep, and the old s-l
ers were not much gayr. On tin
Inside there tvtts a gn-at deal of va
riely. words from one syllabi up M
sixes, wise inanlms. religious instruc
tions, an.l a sprinkling of curious pic
tares. No one could make more
quaint distortions of fact and human
nature. It gives you the same feeling
as if you were looking out on the
world through the flaws of an old
time window pane
All school girls think their lot the
hardest, even our grandmothers. In
studying th old MM back speller
encountered many difficulties, as we
girls do In the study of Latin, geome
try and astronomy.
Take for comparison the building
of the oast and the presnt Those
of the olden times were of rude stnic
OI ill: uiieru ' i Hi' - " . - .
turp. ma le of logs and had !mmenp
m - . . 1 .L . 1 1,11.
fireplaces, wnue loony nn- i)un.iiiif.
are mostly of brick and stone witi.
steam heaters.
The advantages of school girls now
are numerous, while In the past
were lew. Modern school girls re
Goitre an elementary .-duention Tlo y
havetheir high schoi.ls In which they
are taught the languages of the dif
i. ivnt nations, the science, nuaic
and the much enjoyed and apprecia
tad art. with which our grandmothers
were not acquainted. In their days
there were no tree schools, and all
.ills were not biassed with wealth,
nit a-eri more ambit ioua than the
average school girl of today.
The following incident will illus
trate the ambition of two western
girls, who aspired to gain access to
a famous standing In a certain circle.
They were grndiiates of a western
university and had a thorough coll.
ginte education. One had been sur
rounded by every advuntagc. Sln
had fond parents and wealth, was
helped, praised and encouraged. The
other girl was the eldest daughter ot
a poor widow. She nart struggled
through the university by teaching in
vacation. Her struggle with poverty
had taught her kindness and syne
pathy. tylt
As time paaMd on after their edu
cation, both of the young girls gaine.i
the goal of their hopes and ambition
and were invited to read a paper be
fore i he same literary society. When
the wealthy girl appeared before the
society, h. r dress of velvet and point
lace and her diamonds were so strik
ing that they became obtrusive. Her
paper was fairly good, but contained
nothing of permanent value. Her es
say and herself were alike quietly
dropped. Before this same club came
our quiet, plain, young friend of the
toilsome life Her dress was as plain
as her face, but her paper was rich
in Information and filled with results
of a deep and earnest observation
From this she gained fame, and he
name was found among the Invited
musts present at receptions given to
distinguished authors, both of Am
erica and Europe. Why did she suc
ceed'' Simply because s:ie was pos
s.ssed of the true, deep, thorough
genuine culture, both of mind and
heart. To her "plain living and high
thinking" was a lifelong practice
Would you be prepared to attain a
like reward" Cultivate her spirit;
imitate her example.
The education of our girls today is
an important question, and it is t.afe
to predict that the coming generation'
of girls will get far more good from
their school training than has ever
been realized during the history of
the human race
ANNA VAUQHAN I'ELL
OBJECTS OF UNION LABOR.
"Live and let Live." , ,
At present one of the most interest
ing and most important subjects be
fore the American people Is Cnlon
Labor. Vet, only a very few really
understand the efforts and objects
uf over two million united wage
earners.
In their struggles labor organiza
tions have the sympathy and support
of millions of American citizen.-! and
it is only because they do not under
stand the aim of these men that the
entire world at large does not encour
age and support them
The foremost aim of the union Is
higher wages and shorter hours. Hut
many ask, "What rlr.ht have Hie-ie
working men to demand higher wages
or shorter hours 1 would ask these
persons whether the capitalist Is re
ceiving the same Interest on his in
vestment tf hei IJ.rrncfi.v received.
No. he is receiving a great deal more
than in former years but the laboring
men, the men who bring the capital
ist his additional gain:;, how ha;: he
profited by the great gains due to hlu
lalx.rs While II Is true that Improved
machinery often Increase the employ
er's profits, yet as machinery Im
proves, man must likewise Improve
and should therefore command a
share of the new profits.
Shorter hours give n man new
itrehgth, nam vitality, enabling bin
to do as much work for his employer
in elcht hours as he formerly did In
ten hours. An experiment in the Ill
inois coal fields clearly proved this
fact, more coal being mined in eight
hours than was formerly mined In ten
hours. Thus this new vigor gained
by shorter hours was returned to the
employer in the form of labor. What
had the capitalist lost? .
We often hear the statement that
long hours demaud stimulants and
this sad statement seems to be true.
When the laborer worked 12 hours per
day. after the day's work was ntahed
he could be seen to enter a saloon,
there to ;.p.nd his earnings and mak
home unhappy. Shorter hours take
away the demand for stimulants and
now the laborer will return to his
horn.- to enjoy Its love and beautiea
with his family which Is a new life to
him.
A s the laU.rer s wages increase,
bod) - and pictures beglu to lioauHtv
the home; home is improved and the
children are given a fs-tter education.
No one can deny that thas Improving
the condition of the working clans
does not improve the condition of U.e
entire community.
As before stated, as the stanJard of
living of the working man is raised,
he will give his children a better ed
ucation But the organization of la
bor also dos much to educate the In
dividual working man In attending
, fh..r mr.,.tingS the men hear lectures
oxcelb-nt lecturers and they are
j Kovpn)(,,i D
a set of parllmentary
laws and thus lern to express th. Ir
opinions and to listen to thwe of
others In this way they obtain a
broader view of the various subje.ts
discussed
j ne HU'.lll I Ulil ' riuru. iu , ar
( WOrklng man Is more noticeable each
. . . . . .
vor With shorter hours the men
have more time to devote to rclig
(Continued on Page Eleven.)