THE CLOVIS NEWS
f HIS la the rear of triumph
(or Japan. It Is especially
the year of triumph for Pre
mier Bhlgenobu Okuma,
leader of the party of the
people, and for hi war cry,
"Aila for the Asiatics."
There has been a little
discontent at the "compro
mise" with China. This
was bound to be so la the most war
like nation on earth. But Japanese
who are better Informed know there
has been no compromise. Group V
may have been left "for later discus
sion," but the Japanese leaders will
exact every demand embodied In It
from time to time.
Thus Okuma, the one-legged grand
old man of Japan, sees his great Idea
coming to fruition. He knows the
Japanese people will willingly spend
their blood like water. All Japan has
needed for conquest Is money. Japa
nese strategy Is not of the year or the
decade, but of the century and the
millennium. Money, but not enough,
has come out of Korea and South
Manchuria. Money money for bat
tleships and siege guns, for sub
marines and aeroplanes will now
flow from China Into Japan,
Centuries ago untutored Japan
made conquests on the mainland and
adopted Chinese culture. Sixty years
ago she threw off the culture of Japan
for the efficiency of the West. Now
she will go a step farther and with
Iron fist Impose western efficiency on
China.
Modern wars are fought with fac
tories. With 400,000,000 Chinese la
boring to supply munitions of war In
ber rear, sixty millions of Japanese
will present the front of their warrior
nation to the white race and tell It
to get out of the western Pacific
and some day will tell the French to
get out of Cochin China and the Brit
ish to get out of India.
These are the alms of Okuma. They
are not hazy national aspirations, but
active policies that Japan Is working
every minute of her time to carry out.
Okuma proclaimed them openly and
loudly when he was of the party of the
opposition. On this platform of mili
tarism he won his campaign in the
spring of 1914 and ousted the Yama
moto party. For a year he has been
In control and his hold Is stronger
than ever.
Being at the head of the nation his
words soften. He exudes honey to
Great Britain and sends messages
breathing the spirit of peace to the
United States. Japan is not deceived.
They have long seen these two ir
reconcilable currents of expression
flow from Okuma's mouth and they
know which one to believe. They be
lieve only the one which accords with
the spirit of the samurai, the "two
sword man."
In Japan bcth the nobles and the
commoners are militaristic. Okuma
Is a noble, but be has chosen to lead
the commoners. Perhaps this is be
cause he came from neither of the two
leading clans which for many years
controlled Japan, but of weaker
clan, the lllzen. Throughout his life
he has fought against the clan sys
tem and In favor of the constitutional
monarchy, now for years strongly e
tabll8hed.
At sevenly-seven, Okuma Is still
fiery and energetic. He was a boy of
twenty, living In a small Japanese
town, when the visit of Commodore
Perry and the granting of treaty
rights to foreigners by the shogun set
all Japan to talking about the "red
haired" barbarians. Okuma had a
great curiosity to learn about the
world outside Japan. He heard of an
American missionary, Doctor Veer
beck, and went to htm secretly not to
embrace Christianity, but to learn.
First of all he learned to read the
Bible. Then came the one political
document the devoted missionary pos
sessed, the Declaration of Indepen
dence His soul was set on lire. When
seventy years old, he said: "The read
ing of the Declaration of Independence
when I was a boy made such an Im
pression upon my soul that the doc
trines proclaimed by It have ever
been my guiding rule In life." Thomas
Jefferson became bis model and he
studied everything he could find about
the American statesman.
In his youth came the great Jap
anese civil wars between the mikado's
party and the old feudalists. Okuma
left school and plunged Into the thick
of the fray. The mikado's party, hav
Ing adopted western military tactics,
won Its battle, and the mikado was es
tablished as snpreme In Tokyo. Oku
ma was put In a position In the office
of foreign ""r'.-s.
The intrlcacres of Japanese politics
In the last half of the nineteenth cen
tury are difficult for an American to
understand without long study. Suffi
cient to say that Okuma was In the
FAMOUS IN ENGLISH HISTORY
C.-.r.terbury Cathsdrsl a Point of In
terest Thst Hss Few Equals In
ths World.
The only king buried In Cauieruury
cathedral Is Henry IV. and his tomb
Ik on one side of the place of the
rhrlne. On the other Is the tomo of
Edward the Black Prince. Above bim
hangs the armor which he wore. The
ancient stone coffin of Hubert Walter,
rm
I
7
- I 10 - i II
middle of everything, fighting first for
the mikado and later for a represen
tative parliament to which the minis
ters should be responsible. The gov
ernment In 1881 promised to summon
a national diet, grant a constitution
and limit the Imperial prerogative In
1890. Okuma then formed the Pro
gressive party, forerunner of the pres
ent National party, and was for many
years Its president.
Aside from his constant political ac
tivities, he founded Waseda univer
sity In Tokyo In 1882 and was for
many years its president. He saw It
grow to house 6.400 stude!:'.;. ""''h
flrst-cluBs baseball team.
It was not until Japan had settled
her domestic troubles and put her
house In order that the foreign policy
developed. In this line progress has
been perhaps faster than in Importing
western ways of manufacture and liv
ing. And It was after the great victory
over Russia, following the easy hum
bling of China, that Okuma's really
truculent utterances began to appear.
In 1908, when Japan was troubled
by the Vnited Slates sending the
American fleet into the Pacific, he said
to an American newspaper man:
"Nothing can be more dreaded than
crazy people, and the Japanese are a
crazy nation. In fighting they will go
on like mad, as was well Illustrated In
the late war. The Japanese are al
ways ready to throw away their lives
for the glory of the state; they regard
PIRATES IN CHINESE WATERS
Freebooters Extend Thslr Operations
to Land Expeditions, and Fre
quently Loot Villages!.
A favorite form of freebootlng In
Chinese waters takes the form or
river piracies. The pirates themselves
are, unlike their deep-water outlaw
brethren, more of the jackal type,
slinking, cowardly, but still murder
oua and deadly whenever they fall In
with unarmed parties. They Infest the
shallow rivers, creeks snd canals
which cut In from the China coast
The big Junks, In nse by the deep
sea freebooters, are of no earthly good
In shallow waters, and so the river
robbers make use of light-draft craft
known locally as "fust crabs" and
"scrambling dragons." The West river
near Canton Is a favorite ground for
these shallow-water freebooters, al
though the great Yangtse-Klang river
Is also InfeBted with them.
In their little craft they navigate
without trouble over the shallows and
rapids Inland as far as Chungking,
which Is more than 1.000 miles from
the coast, and Instead of preying upon
the merchant ships and steamers of
the deep, they loot villages, murder
travelers, massacre whUe concession
aires, and cause untold trouble to the
missionaries, of whom there are many
hundreds In this part of Inland China.
And It Is against these river pirates
.,,. i. ,! Hint tha activities of the
little Palos and .Vonocacy will te
rected.
Fc,- hOVfc.oi years fcngisni, ffC.TOany
and Japan maintained light-draft river
boats for use against the pirates and
now the United States follows their
example. China, too, will soon add sev
eral vessels of a similar type to her
service.
During the last four years several
citizens of the United States have been
murdered by Chinese pirates.
created archbishop by Richard I on
the Held of Acre, always Interests
tourists, for as chancellor he raised
the ransom for bis king.
In the warriors' chspel Is the tomb
of Archbishop Stephen Langton, who
I'd the barons in their struggle
sg'inst King John, compelling him to
grunt the Magna Charts.
When Henry VIII separated the
English church from Rome he emptied
the wealth of the cathedral Into tha
king's treasury; otherwise the tourist
would be permitted to view a vast
y
V III
SB SH SSl III III
their lives as light
as the weather. On
the other hand.
Americans and Eu
ropeans attach too
much Importance to
money; those who
love money love
their lives. Sup
pose the Americans
and Japanese
wboBe Ideas of death
are fundamentally different should
come to fighting. The final result will
be easily foretold."
Although not so truculent Just at
present Count Okuma for several
years in the caucuses of his party, in
his newspaper organs, and In the fa
miliar conversations which he was
wont to hold with the former pupils of
his great school, had a habit of speak
ing of the United States very much
as he spoke of Russia In the years
before the war, as a great power
which will have to be humbled to se
cure the salvation of Japan.
Even before the Russian war the
count said: "A Japanese muBt be re
spected wherever he goes. We yield
to no one, not even to the Romans. In
pride In citizens and citizenship."
The British probably have not for
gotten Okuma's famous outburst lu
which be said:
"Beiiii ounressed by the Europeans,
the three hundred million people of
India are looking for Japanese protec
tion. The Jauanese ought to go 10
India, the South ocean and the other
parts of the world.
Nor will anyone who knows Japan's
history doubt that she Intends to hold
Klauchau, the Carolines, Marianne and
Marshall Islands In the South Pacific.
She took these from Germany and al
ready some capital Is being invested
and experts have been sent from the
ministries of agriculture and com'
merce to study the question of the ex.
ploltatlon of these Islands.
WHERE MEN LIVE AND FIGHT
Visitor to ths German Trenches De
scribes Thslr Construction and
Arrangements.
Three hours later I was In the Ger
man trench at Ia Bassee. When 1 bad
accustomed myself to the steady
cwV't of rifles In the firing pits,
wmcb f could not see, but which 1
knew must be close by; when I bad
nervously counted the bursting of 10
shells, all la an appalling few min
utes, yet had heard no plop of frag
ments burying themselves Into the
mud above, I began to be able to look
about me. I was standing In a pit
about seven feet deep and barely wide
enough for two passing men to
squeeze by. By turning my indispen
sable electric torch this way and that
I could see in the rear wall of the
trench a series of caves dug In the
earth, their entrances so low that a
man would have to enter them on
hands and knees. In some I saw the
faint yellowish gutter of candles and
others were pitch dark. But in the
front wall of the trench thero were
cut, at Intervals so short that the plaee
seemed a catacomb, narrow passages
that led to (Tie shooting pits, recesses
not more than Ave feet wide, re-enforced
at the level of ths ground with
sandbags and armor: and on either
side of these approach sMKn j ,fcW
the holes In " . rth in which men
r"t d lived, and ate when they
len 1 ,n the ,lts' the,r un ,oward
tne enemy. At the lieutenant's sug
gestion I went down Into one of ths
caves.
"Iater," he said, "you won't want to
be moving around much. It'll get hot
ter then, and you'll want to remain In
one place where you're sure the shel
ter Is good." The Christian Herald.
Yorkshire has 12.000 looms weaving
kbakl.
amount of priceless gifts left at the
shrine.
Cromwell once stabled the horses of
his army In the church, and the marks
of the hoofs are plainly discernible In
the nave.
When visiting England make a pil
grimage to Canterbury, for this old
cathedral, begun in 1070, Is rich with
historical Interest, snd In Its archi
tectural features can be tracea the
building of the English empire. Her
archbishops wielded a mighty Influ
ence to the time of the Reformation.
SUPERSTITION
V AA-1
house, fate being thus vetoed, according to the tradition governing It.
And all this was done. Washington was surprised to see the old Morton
house go down, for old though It was, It was still one of the great houses of
Washington. It stood on Scott Circle, occuping a whole triangular block and
Imposing in Its mass of prersed red brick, the whole treated In Queen
Anne style. Here In his day Mr. Morton has entertained lavishly, for be Is
many times a millionaire.
HEIR TO GREEK THRONE
Should death be the result of the
Illness of King ConBtantlne of Greece,
it will bring to the throne one of the
most soldierly young princes of Eu
rope's young royalty. Crown Prince
George, the oldest son of- King Con
stantino and Queen Sophia, saw serv
ice In the two Balkan wars and gained
a reputation for bravery and valorous
performance. He was wounded in
action at Janina. Until the present
war he enjoyed the distinction of be
ing the only heir to a European throne
who bore the scars of battle. He is
twenty-five years old.
Reports conflict as to the stand
Prince George takes concerning the
great European war now going on. One
has it that the heir apparent has been
Identified with the war pnrty and Is
an intimate friend of ex-Premier
Eleutheriqs Venizelos, who resigned
recently as head of the Greek cabinet
because the king was not In sympathy
with the allies. This report bIbo car
ried the prediction that In the event of King Constantlne's death the new
monarch would at once summon Venizelos to form a cabinet, a course which
would be tantamount to the entry of Greece into the war.
On the other hand, the sympathies of the crown prince In the present
struggle are said to be on the side of Germany. This report guins credence
from the facts of his German kinship and German education and military
training. His mother, the queen, is a sister of Kaiser Wllhelin. The king
was also educated In Germany and received his military training there.
BOUGHT WINDOW DISPLAY
hi' '
fc r 1:7
anxious to know Just why the
pictures of some more or less
LEADER OF WOMAN LABORERS
Once there was an eager little
German girl, of whom, perhaps, you
could And traces In the brave, forceful
face of Emma Steghagen, labor lead
er, delegate to the recent convention
of the National Women's Trade Union
league at New York. You might find
a suggestion of the thin, emotional
child in the figure, bowed by factory
labor, yet energetic with the spirit of
protest.
This little girl lived before woman
suffrage had become a national Issue,
before the serious magazines were pro
ducing special suffrage issues, even
before the cartoons were exploiting
the "suffragette" yet In her own mind
she had evolved the theory that
women bad a right to suffrage and to
labor organization. She was only
fourteen when the time came for her
to stop school and go to work In the
factory.
"I was miserable at the time,"
said Miss Steghagen, In telling tha
story, "fcr it was my ambition to be a schoolteacher, which was, of course.
Impossible, since my father was a laborer. One of the things which I havs
to be thankful for in life Is that I did not realize this ambition; that I was
able to champion the cause of labor from the laborer's standpoint. I was
bound to have devoted my life to this work of organizing the woman work
ers, snd my usefulness has been Increased tenfold because I havs been a
boot-and-shoc worker myself for twenty-five yesr "
OF MR. MORTON
Levi P. Morton, vice-president un
der the second President Harrison,
who has Just celebrated his ninety
first birthday, has successfully weath
ered a superstition, over which he Is
congratulating himself as much as over
the fact that he is well on tho way to
a full century of life. When eighty
nine years old he wanted to live In
a new house In Washington, which ho
bad determined upon as his winter
residence, giving up New York city,
where he bad lived. He also wished
to have the house on the sita of the
one be had occupied w hile vice presi
dent and which 'he owned. He was
aware, however, of the superstition
that when a man pulls down an old
home of his and displuceB It with a
new house he la likoly to die In it In
the course of the first year of his oc
cupation of U- Nevertheless he was
determined to have the new house,
and to get around the superstition
used some of the old walls in thn new
An interesting story is being told
in Washington about Mr. John R. Mc
Lean. Mr. McLean is very fond of
taking walks downtown In the busi
ness district, disdaining the use of
any automobile or carriage, as a rule,
when he wishes to go from one place
to another, or to take the air In a
saunter along the crowded thorough
fares. The other day bn was strolling
down F street and happened to see
In a photographer's display window
a complete collection of photographs
of all the prominent persons who have
been Identified wfth the controversy
between the Riggs National bank and
officials of the treasure department.
A fancy struck Mr. Mc!ean to have
the collection, and he marched him
self Into the photographer's and
bought the collection outright, hav
ing it sent home, and thus breaking
up one of. the most Interesting win
dow displays on F street.
Intimate friends of Mr. McLean are
T -" A if
millionaire publisher desired this collodion of
noted persons.
1 .y&A J
Expression Misunderstood.
There Is a certain young man who
nsed to be notoriously egotistic. Some
of his acquaintances were one day
speaking of him before an old lady
who was not "up" In the slang expres
sions of the day.
The next time she met him she
put out a congratulatory hand.
"Oh, Mr. smith," she cried. "I am
so glad you are better! I beard last
week that you had a swelled head."
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Sample each free by mall witi Cook.
Address postcard, Cutlcura, Tept. XY.
Boston. Sold everywhere. Adv.
And No Wonder. '
"What made that stout woman so
furious?"
"Just as she was going on the sub
way train the gateman sad 'Both '
gates, lady."'
Grand Prize at Pinama-Paciflc Expo
sition Awarded to Walter
Baker & Co. Ltd.
Ths Ornnd Pi-Im for suprlorlty of Co
coa and Chocolate prt pHntlions has .been
awarded to Waller Baker Co. Lid., Dor
chpulrr. Mnss. This famous old house has
ro-dved Hlgheit Awards at th leaitlns
expositions In Europe and America. Adv.
A mother's fervent hope Is that ber
daughters, when they marry, will do
better than she did.
Tn smiles for s nickel. Always buy Red
Croas llaa Blue; have beautiful, clear
white clothes. Adv.
The piano practice of a girl Is muslo
to her ma only.
Makes Hard Work Harder
A bad buck makes a day's work
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The Army of
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