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T" -i. THE BBAVKR HERALD, BAYB, OKLAHOMA V M 1 ? M m H s I v In. h M . ., fci -, n ill WHITE LEGHORNS FOR SHOW Main Points Are That Fowl Should Be Snow White, Free From Color J Foreign to Variety. I In exhibiting Leghorns "the main point ore that the birds should lw white that Is to say, snow white, with i due amount of luster and free from t brassiness. crenmlnexs, "greenness" (a term usually referred to the Immature condition of the feather commonly ' found In joung stock), cray uptvlu and color foreign to the variety. The comb In tingle-comb varieties should have Ave points. The pullet should weigh three and one-Iialf pounds, the hen four pound, the cockerel four and one-half pounds and the cock bird five end oae- White Leghorn Cockerel. -half pounds. The car lobes are re quired to be white, and thould more than one-third of the 'surface be cov ercd with red In cockerels and pullets, same would be disqualified, but this Is al!owbIe In hens and cock birds. Feathers other than white In any part of plumage and shanks other than yel low would also disqualify the White Leghorn. Other general disqualifica tions are ns follows : The presence of ubs, feathers or down on the shanks or between the toes, ddo springs, squir rel tall. etc. COMFORTABLE FOWL IS BEST Poultry to Do Well Should Not Be Ex posed to Severe Weather In Fall and Winter. That farm flocks nro often too much exposed to the weather, and that the farmer would rcallzo more from his poultry If ho did not allow them out doors during the fall nnd winter, ore, without doubt, established facts, say A. C Smith of the Minnesota experi ment station. Tho Idea often advanced that poultry can withstand nny nmount or degreof cold weather provided It Is dry, Is not borno out by experience. Poultry should not be exposed to ej tliclr wind or rain In tho autumn. Houc tho birds comfortably If you wish eggs. Keep them In tho liouso nfter tho grouriti freezes. Let them out only during the middle of tho day ns a rulo In tho fall after the frost comes. If yeu cannot take the trouble, to get them' In early In tho afternoon, keep them In. HANDLE PULLETS WITH CARE Make All Changes Gradually and Keep Roottlng Quarters Dry and Well Ventilated. Pullets beginning to lay should bo handled with exceptional care. Do not think becauso they hnvo started to lay that you should coufino them In' their winter quarters. Mako no changes 0 them till the weather will permit; then tnko pleuty of tlrao In varying tho ration. Make nil changes gradually. Keep tho roosting quarters dry. wll ventilated, but boarded up tight on tho north, east and west side They should then lmvo n comfortahlo house, uud when handled by n careful person who understands tho nature of tho hen they should produce abun dantly. FRESH EGGS DURING WINTER Demand Far Exceeds Supply and Prices Rule Exceedingly High Give Hens Summer Feed. The demand for strictly fresh eggs during the late fall nnd winter months far exceeds tho supply, prices rulo Very high during that period nnd tho breed of hens and tho system of man nging them that will produce n good egg yield nt this time of the year is being much sought ufteri This can bo accomplished by starting In the fall with a good laying strain of fowls nnd managing them In a systematic way. Riving them summer conditions In feeding throughout tho winter. RIDDING SOILS OF GAPEWORM Effective Measuro Is to Plow During Winter Freezing Weather Kills Insects. Winter plowing Is an effective meth od of ridding soils of the gapeworm. This worm causes the so-called "gapes" in little chicks, and can only result f:om contaminated soil. Win ter plowing throws the worms to, or near the surface, where freezing weather quickly ends their stfocti 1 mlsmm SELECTION AND CARE OF POULTRY STOCK rVV .t . . - ' . . -!- U LaaaaHHalll "l' pJ1 ! "-- -- ' - r. --- """WIK '. Jfeir . OATS SPROUTER FURNISHES GREEN FEED FOR FOWLS. (Prepared by the lnlte4 Statu Depart ment of Agriculture.) One of the prime essentials In poul try breeding Is to ue only strong, vig orous healthy stock. It Is only by continuing to do this that a flock can be built up whtch will have strength and vigor nnd which will produce strong, fertile egg, strong chicks cap able of making quick growth, nnd pul lets with sufficient stnralna to stand the strain of heavy egg production. The nppearnnce or" a bird Is not nl- ways u sure Indication of Ita vigor, but appearance and action tnken to gether nre n fairly rellnblc basis for picking out vigorous birds. The comb, face, and wattles should have good, bright color; the eyes should be bright nnd fairly prominent: nnd the head should be comparatively broad and short, not long nnd snaky or crow beaded. The bird should be nlert nnd have a vigorous carriage. Tho legs should be set well apart -and strongly support the tody, with no tendency to weakness or a knock-kneed condition. The bone ns seen In the shanks should be strong, nnd not too fine for tho breed. The plumago should bo clean nnd smooth. Lnck of condition often nccompnnles soiled, roughened plum age. Tow Is thnt hnve been sick but apparently have recovered should not bo used for breeding If It can be avoided. Purpose of Breeding. In selecting stock for the mating, the purpose of tho breeding should be kept clenrly In mind. If tho desire Is to7. produce exhibition stock, birds should be selected thnt ore nearest the stnndard In type nnd markings or that will combine their qualities to produce offspring most nearly np-j-irono'ilng the standard. If the desire Is to ptvdtice table fowlsblrds thnt have n body shape suitable. Vor carry ing nn abundance of mnt should be selected as breeders. They should be broad nnd deep of body, have good length both of back and keel and especially a broad brenst'well covered with meat. If the d-Mre Is to pro duce stock for eggs, birds should be chosen ns far as possible that are good egg producers or are ty sons or daughters of good egg p'roducers. Time to Mate. Mating should bemade at least two weeks beforo lK'lnnlng to save eggs for hatching. If less time Is allowed, tho maximum fertility hi not likely to bo assured. It Is often desirable to mate even farther ahead than two weeks so thnt a few egg! can be In cubated for five or stx days to see whether they are fertile. If these eggs are not fertile, there Is still time to change tho male bird and thus Insure fertile eggs for the earlier hatches. Matlngg should be made not later than February 1. Size of Matlngs." The breed Influences thd slzo of the mntlngs. Under yarded conditions it Is usual nnd desirable to run from 12 to 15 fomnlcs of the lighter type, such ns the Leghorns, from 10 to 12 females of the general purpose type, such as tho Plymouth Rocks, nnd from eight to ten females of the heaviest tyio, such ns the Rmhnitts, with one male. Where the breeding fowjs hnve freo range nnd the male Is strung and vig orous. It Is possible to obtain fertile eggs from n considerably larger flock of females. A vigorous Plymouth Rock' cockerel on freo range should give good fertility when mated to 20 to 23 females, while a Leghorn male under the same conditions enn be mat ed successfully to SO to -10 female. If eggs for hatching nre desired from n flock too' large for a single mole to fertilize, two or more mnles cat be run with It either nt the same time or by alternating the males on succes sive days. Aae of Breeding Stock. Pullets or hens, cockerels" or cocks can be used In the breeding stock. Hens, however, arc to be preferred to pullets because they lay larger eggs nnd seem to give better fertility And stronger chicks. Yearling nnd two-year-old hens aro to be preferred to older hens. Any birds, either male or female, that have proved to be espe cially valuable breeders should be re tained ns long as they will breed. -- Free Range for Breeding Stock. If possible, the breeding stock should have free range. It Is better If this be provided during the entire "? :,, - ii "CSieaawt f i ri3Mr .- 1 tftafi '..-,T"-W .arriw: VShcV." fagayaSS fall and winter before tho breeding season; but If this be not possible. !h?t?n J ProcedInsnd during rn? f T ''" bC l' value. Illrds on free range will cive Illrds on free 'range will give a higher fertility, better hatches, an i stronger chicks. Maintaining Fertility. The breeding flock should b watched to see that the fowls keep In condition. Examine the birds and houses to see thnt they ore not In fested with lice or mltes. If the birds nre overrun with cither of these pests, ths' fertility will be affected seriously or totally destroyed. Care must be used nlso to see that the male docs not get his comb or wattles frosted. If these nre frozen to nny extent, his ability to fertilize eggs will be impaired and will not be recovered for several weeks. When'the weathe? is very cold the males intended for breeding should be placed in n box or crate partly covered with a bag or cloth to prevent freezing of the comb or wattles. It Is' nlso well to examine the male occasionally to sV-e that his crop Is full and thnt he Is not growing thin. Somitlmcs the male Is so gal lant that he allows the hftis to cat all the food, with the result that he soon gets out of condition. If this happens, the male must be caught up at least once n day nnd Jul separately from the hens. ' Feeding Breeding Stock. ' The breeders must be fed to keep them In good -tondltlon and at tho same time to produce eggs. Any good ration fed to layers Is suitable for thLs purpose, but It should not be extreme ly forcing, or. In other words, It should not have nn extremely large propor tion of beef scrap. The birds should be In good fl.h but not be allowed to become excessively fat. All whole or cracked grain should be fed In the litter so as to make the fowls exercise by siraichlng for IL Unless tin i' -.k has nccess to somo natural supply of green feed, which Is not likely during nnd preceding the breeding season, it must be fed some of this material In the form of sprouted oats, cabbage,' mangels, or cut clover or alfalfa. DRY-PACKED POULTRY Reaches Destination in Better Condition Than Ice-Packed. Number of Packers Have Reported That They Have Had Uniformly Good ReiultSj-System to Be Adopted Generally. (Prepared by the United States Depart, ment of Agriculture.) Chilled dry-packed jwultry reaches Its destination in much better condi tion than wet Ice-packed product, ac cording to reports from various mar kets to the department of ngriculture. The specialists of the department re cently studied shipments of chilled dry-packed poultry nnd wet Ice-packed! jKniltry which had been shipped In the same car. The dry-packed birds were In excellent condition while the wet packed were unfit for use on arrival at destination. The dry-packed prod uct stands delays In transit for better than the ice-packed, especially during warm weather. A number of packers, at the In stance of tho department, have changed, from wet to dry packing. Many hnve report.nl that they hnvo luid uniformly good results with dry packed poultry but have been having trouble with Ice-packed birds. A, num ber who hnve compared the two meth ods report that they will Introduce the dry-packing system In all their branch houses nt once. DISPOSE OF ALL "BOARDERS" Hrns Who Sit on Roost In Daytime Are Not Profitable Color ' of Legs Changes. AH bens found sitting on the roost Lin the daytime ure boarders and should be disposed of Immediately. In yellow legged varieties the yellow color will practically disappear while the hens nre laying. In some Instances, la fact, the legs will even tx whlU. 5ii&? WHATSAMM1ESEAI Meat Twice Daily, White Bread, Vegetables, Chief Foods. Coffee Served at Breakfast and But. termilk. Tea, Cocoa cr Water at Other Meats. The old lifta'that army diet should consist largely of beans, hardtack nnd coffee. Is no longer ntmroved. write. Belle Cas Harrington In Leslie's, In the present training camps meet, pre ferably beef. Is served mice a day, with white bread baked In the general camp bakery nnd kept 24 hours be , fore serving. Where green vegetables can be obtnlned they are used, other wise canned goods nre substituted. Coffee Is served at breakfast, nnd but termilk, lemonade, tea, cocoa or wa ter nt other meals. Meals, which In the vernacular are "mess" or "chow," ' are served cafeteria style. Every soldier is furnished with an outfit which consists of a meat-pan, kntfe. fork nnd spoon, nnd nMonz- handled cup. The cover of the meat- j pan serves-ns a plate, and the outfit Is ' so arranged that each man mar do his I own cooking In case of an emergency. Each man takes his meat-pan nnd passes before n table where he Is served with the various wishes pre pare!. He then goes to a table, or If J gund. and "e.s Tnbso ute ZtZ menL Don.t fec, too ?ntent ' " e " tier do writeVnpVgly t . ......... , ' . . ""M".'J there Is none, drops down on tho Hume nisiuuK iur muincrs cooKies or Jane's fried chicken. Men In outdoor training have good appetites, and they are rar better off physically than if fed on the s?lads and Ices nnd sodas they probably would have at home. What they miss most is sweets. If you are sending things from home put In cookies, enndies nnd Jams or Jellies. Milk chocolate Is one of the tilings a soldier seems to crave, nnd a Jar of malted milk will come handy If he Is not feeling well. IJe sure not to send food thht Is too rich ns the boys are on plain diet. One of the comforting thoughts to the friends at home Is the fact that Uncle Sam is bound to maintain good health amrog his soldiers. Even if there, were no humane considerations, this would be necessary from a pure ly economic standpolnL Sick soldiers nre n menace, nnd a regiment not up to par in the matter of health Is nn awful handicap. All men nre vaccinat ed for smallpox, and Inoculated against typhoid ns soon as they enter service. Minor disorders, such as blisters, bow al trouble, or sore throat are carefully watched by the officers In charge, nnd there Is n hospital with trained nurses in every camp. To faking can pass. The officers have sharp eyes to dis criminate between real and simulated Illness. As the boys say, "There are only two times n day when n fellow can get sick" at sick call, which oc curs nf 7 a. m.I and ngnin nt 5:30 p. m. Between times "ho Just has to stand IL" ltegular habits, outdoor life. 'plain food, nnd strenuous military drill, are in themselves strong factors toward good health, and many u man who en ters the service n comparative weak ling will come"out fine of physique nnd strong of limb. As for drinking. It "isn't done I" Saloons nnd even soft think establish ments nre not allowed to sell any thing td n soldier In. uniform, nnd many young men uho'hnve heretofore been occasional drinkers now proudly proclaim themselves teetotalers. No Butter at Vassar. . The announcement at Vassar collego that no more butter will be served ut dinner has caued much discussion, but me gins promise to give the plan n trial, says New York World. It Is a war measure, established on account of tho high cost of living. The girls will have gravle. Jellies nnd'jaras to take the place of butter. It was said that the college would lift the ban on butter for dlnncf Just ns soon as there were any complaints. The hnrd-bolled .egg for breakfnst Is doomed, too; at least It must not be served where omelet Is to ! hnd. Becouse most of the girls have a sfveet tooth, the college authorities will Increase the sugar service nt nil meals; but this will be evened up by cutting down of meat Sheep-KIIIIng Parrots at Larae. Kot long ago no little constcrnntlon was created by the escape at San Fran cisco of two keas, or sheep-killing par rots, which were being shipped from Australln to tho Smithsonian Institu tion, nt Washington, says Popular Me chanics Magazine, Tho birds liberated themselves by splintering the fclats of their wooden crates with their power ful beaks. The federal authorities offered n reward of f 100 for each bird taken dead or nllve. This species of parrot 1ms made Itself nn enemy of man In both Australia and New Zea land by slaying sheep for the sake of eailng parts of tho flesh, of which It Is very fond, and there bounties are paid for killing the birds. Sarcastic Surprise. "I wonder Avby It is considered an Insult to call some men Insects" "Why Is itr "Becauso Insects never .miss a chance to work for a lhlng." Cynical. Bachelor Maid Did yoc know Mr. Stevens Is writing n book on the his tory of "happiness. Second B, M. Impossible ; Im to a -uarricd man. Ai Ancient It- iy&i .- - air ifnamim m -- n Mr; Tfj &HMivMrr'-W;M.wK ' A. nasi)' wm' B r fy wliiiiiiir ill kk -.iBHf x.k1. iv -:r?f 111 .mz-4 paiiaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaap. 1 tt -"i -v. , .. . w J - truv FgMgSgJjglgg A BOCT six miles southeast of the ancient town of Cirences ter, with its Roman memories and, perhaps, the finest church porch that England can show, nnd some three miles north of the quaint townlct of Cricklade, redolent of Anglo-Saxon history, and boasting n cen tral lantern tower to Its church un matched In nil Wiltshire, lies the charming village of Down Ampney one of four Ampney villages that clus ter to the east of Cirencester. The vil lage Is right nway from the church nnd the manor house. The trusting strang er visiting it from either of the above mentioned towns should be warned that he Is coming to on Inn-less Eden, where tho "good entertainment for man and beast" thnt used to be the boast of our village hostelrles Is not to be had; nor will he find It In the neighboring village of Lntton, Just across the Wiltshire border'. It Is fair to say that both villages seem to get nlong very comfortably without Inns; only tho stranger wlthja their gates suffers for the austere virtue of the na tives, writes Henry Martin Glbbs In Country Life, The beauty of the surrounding coun try, the limestone soli we are here on tho border of the Cotswolds and the keenly bracing air must be taken as compensating natural advantages. It Is a country of rich pasturclands, trout streams nnd water nssadows, where "tho willows by tho brooks" nre n fa miliar feature; and far nway stretch out blue distances, ranges of hilts, copses nnd church spires a strangely peaceful country. In which hnrdly a sound seems to break tho stillness, nnd In thU war-time, bereft of Its mnlo population. It seems doubly deserted. Yet tho brond high roads aro there, tHe roads that were made near two thou sand years ago by the Itoman con querors. They stretch out across the flat foreground Into the dim perspec tive of the horizon the Ermine Wny and the Posse Wny crossing each oth er at Cirencester like tho arms of n St Andrew's cross. Where the Romans Camped. Naturally, such a country Is rich In legends of titanic conflicts between Ito man np,-l Briton, Briton and Saxon, Saxon nnd Dane. Cirencester, ns Its name tells us, was'n Itoman castrum of somo importance, nnd the town abounds In relics of tho Itoman occu pation, which took place about tho year 50 A. D. At Chedworth, cloe to the Tossc Wny, somo 12 miles north of Down Ampney, the remains of n Ito man villa one of the four ilrst-rato ones found In this country wero dis covered In 1S04. Tho fact that four crosses were found here one of tho ew positive evidences of Itomano-Brit-Ih Christianity In Gloucestershire lends additional interest to this discov ery. Cirencester, with tho other Romano-British cities of Bath nud Glou cester, fell to the Saxon conquerors In Ci t, but It was tho best part of n cen tury later before Christianity, crushed out by this Hun Invasion of old time, was reintroduced under tho nusplces of Wulphcrc, King of Mercia. A later wave of Invasion this tlrao by tho Danes took place In 003, when Crick lade was pillaged, and the sarao town was taken nnd plundered by tho fol lowers of Cnut n century Inter. Tho Norman Invasion seems to have been n more gradual nfTalr more llko tho "peaceful penetration" of our own times. No doubt the Saxon thnno and eorl gavo place to Intruding Normans, but the bulk of the population, serfs nnd freemen, wcro probably but llttlo disturbed by tho new order. One other event of more than local Importance occurred in thoso far-otf times, which must not bo left unre corded. At tho northern end of tho bridge or ford of the Klvcr Thames, which takes Its rise not far from hero nt n place called Aust, In C03 SL Au gustine of Canterbury held his cele brated conference with tho bishops and doctors of the British church. The House and Church. Down Ampney Is near enough to this famous spot to be permitted to share Its fame. Enough has been said to In. dicato the historical Interest as well as the natural charms of the seating. Let us turn to the house and church. DoubtlMS both occupy the sites of far older buildings. We mny tnko It that there was a settlement hero under tiro Saxon sway, nnd trobably during tho Roman occupation ; how far earlier It Is useless to speculate. And though the church has nothing to show of ear lier date than the charming late twelfth century arcades of Its nave, we may assume that these were pierced Utrouga older Norman or Saxon walls. Similarly, tho hone stands upon the site of n manor house which was old when the manor was granted by Ed mund, Earl of Lancaster, a son of Hen ry III. to Sir Nicholas de Vllilcrs, In 1270. But It would be difficult to point to stonework even of that date, though probably It exists In the foundations and the core of some of the walls. The Hungerford family came Into posesslon In nbout 1301, nnd remained lords of the manor till 1G5S. Tho archi tectural features of the present house date from a rebuilding in 1537, when the house belonged to tho Hungerfords. Sir Anthony Hungerford, who succeed ed his father, Sir John, in 1525, wns the builder of the charming gate-house, of the great hall, and certain other works, many of which have vanished in later rebuilding?, or have been meta morphoed Into more modern forms. The estates were purchased by nn an cestor of the earl of SL Germans, the present owner, early in the eighteenth century. Down Ampney church, ns might bo expected, has many links with tho lords of tho hall, which It so closely adjoins. It is. In fncL abreast of tho gate-house. Its chief feature is the bcatittful thirteenth century tower nnd stono spire. The upper stage of tho tower has Its windows designed In sort of arcade,, wllh moulded arches and shafts, nnd over this 11 parapet with block corbels. Tho stonework, though weather-stained and lichen coated. Is extraordinarily sharp, and has preserved tho peculiar orange-pink color natural to it. A clcrestorlcd novo and aisles, south porch, transepts nnd chancel, with modern vestry nnd organ-chamber, completo the plan. SALIF TAKEN FROM TURKS Small Port on Arabian Red Sea Coast Has Important Salt Works. Sallf, whkh has lately been taken from tho Turks by ships of the British East Indies squadron. Is n small port on the Arabian Red Sen coast situated' nbout 200 miles north of Perlm. Its export trade was salt obtained from mines In tho Interior. It was taken with tho loss of one mnn on the British side. Ninety-four prisoners, two moun tain bnttery guns nnd three machlno guns, with stores, harbor plant and baggage camels, fell Into tho hands of the British. Sallf was protected for racrly by tho Turkish fort and garrlsos of tho island of Knmsran. which n. opposite nnd within a couple of miles of tho promontory on which Sallf sinnus. nils island was annexed by tho British resident nnd general oflW commanding nt Aden In June, 1015, nn dcr tho folIowing,clrcurastances: Prom the outbreak of war, two naval patrols watched tho Red Sen coast of .iraum. maintaining n blockade, one, tho northern patrol based on Suez, working from thnt port to Jidda, tho other, tho southern patrol based on Aden nnd working from that port to Jidda. It was found that Arab dhows flying a neutral flag wcro carrying supplies of food for tho use of tho Turkish garrisons to Lohela and Ilodelda ns well os to Sallf; tho Ger man Lohela and Ilodelda are sltunted respectively about CO miles north and south of Sallf. In order to put a stop to this traffic and maintain n moro effective blockade tho British resident nt Aden, under whose orders tho south ern patrol acted, strongly advocated tho seizing of tho Knmeran island ns n much moro central and effective bnso to work from than Aden, which Is on tho south coast of Arabia about 130 miles duo east of Perlm, or 330 miles by sea from Knmeran. Tho British government sanctioned tho undertak ing, and on Juno 7. 1017, n small foreo of artillery and infnntry, under tho command of tho general officer com mandlnjf. sailed from Aden for Ivameran, occupying en route nnd gar risoning tho Turkish Island of Great Hanlsh nnd Zukur. The expedition reached Kamcrnn In ho early morning of Juno 0. tnklng the Turkish garrison completely by surprise, so much so that tho Island was occupied without nay bloodshed. Tho wilt works at Sallf, owned bv islr John Jnckson. wore, sMrn.1 v.,. m. Turks on tho outbreak of war nnd tho i-uropean employees wero mndo nris. oners. . Several efforts wero mode to nbtnln tho release of these prisoners. A summons to surrender then: having been refused tho port of Snllf was bombarded by the haval squadron nml mo nirt ciesiroycu, but tho Turkish gnrrlson bolted with their nrtcrm. Into the Interior whither pursuit wa prohibited. m ... ;rn a LV JUA Ot j