*
\ ' " ? ' * '
mtmmmmmmmmmmmmmm'mmm'mmmmmmm^ '
Ww %Ww$k |p$ssmgff,
VOL. 2. ABBEVILLE, S. C., TUESDAY, FEBRUA11Y 23, 1880. NO. 25.
The Farmers in Contention. <
i
Columbus, Feb. 11.?[A Stuff Cor- |
respondent.]?The spring session of the ]
State Agricultural Association closed ]
yesterday. President Livingston held |
the association nicely in hand, and con- ^
tributed largely to the dispatch of busi- ,
liens. The programme was thought- j
fully arranged and strictly adhered ,
(to. |
Professor White, of the State-Univer- ,
fiity, in charge of the experimental farm ;
at Athens, gave a very interesting and
instructive address, based on the results
* of his experiments, observations and
readings. Prof. White, spoke without
jiotes, and made a splendid impression.
Whether or not his experimentations
will'be utilized and his wise suggestions
adapted remains to be seon. Too many
of our farmers regard all such as "very
trice on $>aper," hart ?f no real vaJue to
^themselves or any one else. And yet,
experimentation -?ne of the things
most needed?the one thing that is most
intimately allied to jjrofitaMe farming
Experiments were made with cotton
and-corn. With cotcon, to determine?
1st. Whether The cotton plant derives
the nitrogen necessary for its
growth from the atmosphere or from the ! t
?nil. I
2d. If In whole or in part from the ^
soil, which of the following nitrogen- t
ous materials it prefers, viz.: Nitrate of j
soda, sulphate of ammonia, dned blood, j
ootton seed meal, raw bone. v
3d. The relative economies or money e
value of the materials used- j
Prof. White gave the facts and re- ^
suits in detail.
The conclusions reached were as fol- g
Jows: ,,
That nitrogenous manures increased n
the yeild, thus de in wist rating the fact (
that the cotton pliunl requires that a j
portion of its nitt-agen be supplied n
tlwough the soil; that cotton seed meal 0
is.superior to raw bone, dried blood, 0
nitrate of soda or sulphate of ammo- ?
nia; that two and ix quarter per cent. n
of ammonia is a safe average projior- 0
tion in a mixed fertilizer; that cotton _
?eed meal may be regarded as the best
and cheapest nitrogenous fertilizer for r
cotton. .
The experiments established the fol- v
tawing additional'facts: v
That all forms of phosphate manures
ixcreased the yield. t
That, in order of excellence, the s
tonus of phosphate stood as follows: j
tfteauied bone and Oav.hilla guano, sola- f
hie phosphate, reverted phosphate and n
aoatK. g
That the use of floats was attended ! j
with Actual money loss.
That kainit is superior to muriate of ^
{iotftsh as a source of potash for col- (
ton. u
That cotton seed is not a good ma- r
Ki.ure for oats. ^
The-experiments with corn demon- {]
?trated the fact that nitrogenous matter j*
under corn does not play. ^
An interesting experiment .Ava'a made t
fto test the advantage of fod- j
<ler" and allowing the blades to remain j,
on the stalk until the crop is made, f
From one plat (half-acre) the fodder t
was pulled m the usual manner August j
:24th, cured and weighed. From the ^
s ])l?t, the fodder was not pulled at all. 0
October 14th the corn was gathered r
from both plats, shucked and weighed. t
Results: n
Plat 1, fodder pulled: ^
Fodder 158 pounds, shucks 100 n
pounds; corn (ear) 014 pounds, which t
shelled gave 504 pounds, cob llo g
pounds. v
Plat2, fodder not pulled: u
Shucks 125 pounds, ear corn SOI ?
pounds, which shelled 729 pounds.; cob ^
it! pounds. e
The plat from which the fodder was j
anawsasezr *
gwm of 286 pounds ear corn or 225 j
pounds shelled corn. Hriefly, the far- p
?er who pulled his fodder loses $2.50 j
per acre in addition to the cost of gath- j
erwag tho fodder. Now hero are grad- (
grind, money facts. How many farmers t
wiH test the experiment next summer? t
H?w many? 1
Taming from experiments in cotton
and corn, Prof. White touched upon tho r
labor question and threw out surges- n
titns which will surely put to thinking r
the farmers who heard him. His lead- L
iag thought was th*t a successful agri
jultural community was an impossibil- c
ity in the absence of a peasantry such, c
ror example, as is found in France, f
England and even in down-trodden Ire- t
land. Prof. White did not follow this o
thought in any of its ramifications. It a
presents a prolific thorne and ought to
irouse the best thought of the State.
Lie referred, incidentally, to the necesiity
of contraction on the part of the
Partners of the State?contraction as to
icreage. A natural consequence would ti
ae a system of intense fanning?fewer y.
icres, better seed, higher culturc, more t
satisfactory results. t
Col. Fannin, of Troup, introduced a e
esolution commendatory of the Legis- p
ature's action in passing the Technol- t
>gical School bill. t
IT 7 1 1 r
U UII^U 1 L ii? I f H, U V M UUMUl, U[ipUf>UU ?
ho adoption of the resolution in an t
farnest speech. a
The resolution was adopted. Judge r
Iarrell opposed the bill in the Leg- r
slature and declares he will contin r
le his opposition to the idea so long s
is a chance remains to defeat | i
t. j v
The Agricultural Association desires ' c
hat the farming interests be considered ! t
vhen the school is established and >
he curriculum is being formula- o
ed. a
Mr. Raglan d's essay on tobacco cul- s
ure was rend by Mr. YVaddell, and held s
he close nttteniion of the association. 'J
fudge Henderson has distributed a t
arge qunntit}T of tobacco seed, together c]
vith a manual giving mode of culture, i<
itc. A number of farmers will take n
lold of this new departure and test its ]
iracticability. f
The , gubernatorial canvass may be y
aid to have fairljr opened. Judn^e Sim- t
110ns' presence in Columbus centred a
ttention upon his candidature and j n
.'licited considerable comment on the li
tfacon Telegraphs .editorial criticism J(
nent the judicial ermine and the pool t
if politics. The position of the Tele- c
;raph, as generally understood, is that o
Judge, who l\as determined to make
n active, personal canvass for the
;ulKjrnatorinl nomination, ought to ^
esign. t
I heard Governor McDaniel's name t
oentioncd in connection with the can- ^
ass. Ilis Excellency has a great many c
varm friends who confidently look for- j
yard to his re-election to the office he n
iow honors. The suggestion, whenever d
hTOW? out, instantly culled forth a 1
tatenaent that ho is clearly ineligible, t
t was urgod that, if re-elected next n
alL, Governor McDaniel will have serv- t
d live years or more whereas the Con- n
titutaon prescribes a torm not exceed- t
ng four years. t
Hon. A. 0. Bacon, vrith ono of his a
laughters is on a visit to friends in
11 i <s nlwr'n(>(> vvnrL*?>/l lii?> nn I.
larnt. His candidacy ?'as frcqqtyrttt^ d
eferred to and heartily endorsed', ' /t'd-' Kh
|uiry was made as to the chances wl
[iflerent gentlemen whose names /trfe a
>eing mentioned in conrinection with
lie Governorship^ ^rom all sections of ll
he State come r^por^,highly encourag- J
ng to Major lincon'^Tjr^uds- Mnjor B., p
r squarely in the In a straightorward
way, he h'a^Witpe and will con v
inue to make his caij^Mdacy known to t
)einocratic electors throughout the t
>tato. Maj. Ii.4 bore himself so nobly c
>n the occRssion of his defeat for the to
lomination, three years ago, he excited I
he most intense admiration for himself v
1 1 J 1 ??- Tt .
tiiiiau ?nu uusurvun mm. ne v
lid not sulk in hi.s tent, but. having made c
n honest tight for a honorable distinc- t
ion, accepted the situation and bowed h
;racefully to what seemed to be the p
iTiH of the Democracy* I would not 1<
itter a word or write a line in disparage- d
nent of the claims of any of the dis- b
inguished gentlemen mentioned as can- o
lidatcs for the high office of Governor I
n the foregoing, I have outlined the h
Irift of public opinion, gathered from s
11 portions of our State. Major Bacon I
b a gentlemen of high character and e
narked ability. He has devoted much s
ime to the study of Stato-craft. Pie s
losscHses splendid exccutivo ability, a
ie is broad-minded and progressive, p
le is, par excellence, a representative of p
he young Democracy of the State. In o
he fcxecutive chair, he would do honor t
o all clusses just as he would deal even- ?
y justico to all. The more one analy- h
es the charactor of Maj. Bacon, the
nore one studies his career as a citizen,
is a lawyer, as a legislator, as a gentlenan.
the more stoudily does he grow 0
ipon that person. a
Sickness prevented Dr. Felton from 8
. .; C? t''
-Lv' I
:omplying with his engagement to ac
Iress the association on farmers an
arming. The Doctor's absence ws
he cause of deep regret. All wet
mxious to hear him on so intorestin
md inviting a subject.
M. V. C.
Beaten by the President.
[Special to News Courier."]
Washington, February 17.?Scarcel
nore than half the Republican Senator
>ut in an appearance at the caucus hel
his morning, notwithstanding the fac
hat personal notice was served upo
ach one last evening. Some of the Re
lublicans ignored the caucus in orde
o manifest their impatience at any fui
her attempts to harass the President
Senator Edmunds appparently regarde
he slim appearance with displeasure
.s ho failed to even mention the elabo
ate report he has been preparing ii
espon.se to the attorney general's lette
efusing information with regard to th
uspension of a United States attorne,
n Alabama. lie contented hiinsel
%
rith proposing some resolutions, an
ven these failed to receive entire sane
ion. Senators Don Cameron, l'luir
'an Wyck, Jones of Nevada, an
ithers. do not hesitate to express dis
pprovai of the policy of general re
istance to the President by a whole
ale refusal to confirm nominations
.'h. y say that public opinion would at
ribute such action solely to a partisai
lesiro to harass and annoy the Admin
stration, and that the Republicans eoul
lot be benefited by it. More than on
lepublican Senator has received letter
rom constituents of his own party ad
ising against factious or partisan opposi
ion to confirmations. The indication
re that Senator, Edmunds will not b
ble to hold his party together upon th
ine he has marked out, and that befor
ung the Senate will fall into its old cus
om of acting upon nominations in ac
ordance with the merits or demerits c
nrli rnuit
THE SOUTH CAROLINA NOMINATIONS.
Senators Hampton and Butler ure 1?
toring with the Republican members o
lie Senate finance committee to convinc
hem that there is no substantial objcc
ion to the nomination of Col. Bradley it
ollector. of internal revenue. Senator
lorrill an^^llison, two.of the proini
lent memtyii^ oft,the committee, are diiosed
to deaf-faiPS^ with the South Care
ina Senators ^h'<t,i?j(f*e allowed the latte
o see all the paperft filed with the coin
uittee in the case, and have accorde
hem the privilege of making a state
nent in behalf of Col. Bradley befor
he committee. The indications are tha
he nomination will eventually be favor
bly acted on by the committee.
The nomination of Collector Jervey i
efore the same committee, but up t<
ate no opposition from outside source
ias been raised against it. Collecto
ervey's case is in the same predicamen
is other appointments made to fill va
ancics occasioned by suspension, an<
t will hardly be acted upon untill tin
tepublican Senators recede from thei
resent position.
The New York Sun to-day publishei
rhat purports to be an account of yes
arday's meeting of the finance commit
ee, and in referring to the contostei
ases now pending before that commit
ee says: "The nomination Gf Collecto
iradley, of South Carolina, concerninj
rhich a good deal has been published
ras also under consideration, and th
harges against him were spread hefor
he committee. These charges are tha
id has always opposed in his newspa
er, on the stump and in private the col
Bction of internal revenuo taxes, an<
efended and protected those who hav<
ieen arrested for illicit distilling. Copi
us extracts from the columns of th
'ickens Sentinel, of which he is editoi
iave been laid before the committee t<
ustain tho charges. Senators Beck
Iarris and Vance explained that thes
ditorials were a true expression of th<
entiment of the people in the moon
hine districts, and they themselve
greed with editor Bradley that the peo
ile who run tea-kettle distilleries wer<
ersecuted by the internal revonu<
fficers. The further consideration o
ho nomination was postponed unti
lenators Hampton and Butler could b<
teard i;t behalf of their protege."
R. M. L.
Johnson's Kalsotnine, tho prettiest
heapest and most durable preparatioi
f the kind in the market. For a testi
aonial examine Speed & Neuffer'i
tore. ,
1- The Negro a Failure.
^ Prof. II. C. White, occupying the
e chair gf Chemistry and Agricultural
Science at the University, of Georgia,
? has been among Augusta's most appreciated
guests the past week.
He had just returned frum the meeting
of State farmers in Columbus,
where his striking address upon the
subject of improving labor in the South,
" has developed much comment in a new
and improved direction.
t The Chronicle sought out Prof.
iVhite while in A ugusta, not only on
account of his genial and engaging
manners, but for his bold and practical
ideas. Prof. White is a man who
t adorns any sphere in life and who
^ leaves the impress of a scholar and
practical worker upon evervthinir he
touches.
The Chronicle asked the Professor
about his address in Columbus, in
r
which he showed up the negro ns o
fnilure ns a skilled laboier, and declar*
ed the unfitness of the class for n peasd
an try.
As the Chronicle has already noticed.
Prof. White, on the labor question said
J that the great necessity of Georgia
was a peasantry. What he means by
a peasantry is intelligent and scientific
laborers,, such as France, England and
even down-trodden Ireland have,
lie had nothing to say against the
' negro, but it i as a well known fact
that he is incapable of receiving scien^
tific instruction. In discussing this
subject he knew he was laying nimself
open to criticism, but the labor question
is the most important to the Georgia
farmer.
s NO PKASANTUY HEKR.
L' u\ir 11 - i .. -
-?? en, saia rroiessor \v lute, I took
L> this ground :
0 "Here we have a State of fine climate
with a soil naturally gqod and susceptible
of greater improvement, but
^ the country is absolutely without a
peasantry. The people who occupy the
rank of peasants are an ignorant, shift*
less class, seemingly not desirous of
self-advancement.
e "There is among them a low state of
raoralit}' and little disposition to acquire
s property nor are they susceptible of
s that training which enables them
to work our land to the 'best advans
tage."
" "Our country cannot be improved
1 without good labor, educated labor and
skilled labor. In thinking over this
whole matter I have made bold to tnquire
whother or not the lack of a sav?
ing, middle class is not the weak point
in our Southern system, and whether or
not the labor difficulty is not at the bottom
of all.our trouble V"
4 ."What is your solution, Professor?
your formula ?"
r THE HKMEDY.
t "This of course leads us to hunt for
the remedy. I contended :
i 1st. We must live independently of
e this class of labor by cultivating, our
r selves small acres. This leads to inten
sivc lartnit g.
s 2d. This of course moans scientific
- farming. We must oducate the rising
- generation of whites so thut they may
i understand scientific agriculture. Our
- State scientific and agricultural schools
r must be built up and fostered. The
5 same is true of the mechanic arts, and
this is where our technilogical schools
b must come in, to raise up young me0
chanics and train Southern labor."
1 IMMIGRATION.
"This system of thoroughly cultivatj
ing small farms will leavo a large
B amount of unoccupied and uncultivated
laud?larger than now remains. Now,
e to make a country prosperous and to increase
our present population, and in
j order that this prosperity may come before
the negro succeeds in ruling or
n/w tliia aa.m Ihct w#a . > < 1. f.. ?
g i uiiiaug iiuo \*\Jwc uiunt WIII R IUF
8 immigration. That is our only hope."
''What is your specific plan ?''
B "I think the State, the railroads and
associations of individuals, should unite
j in advancing the interests of the State in
j the North and West and in Europe,
f where thousands of immigrants and
I thousands of settlers are seeking homes
8 and would come South if the matter
was properly presented to them."
"The idea is not to pay people to
come South, but we can advertiso and i
i encourage them to come South. An
* appropriation of $5,000 a year would be
i sufficient to publish pamphlets and disdistribute
them, even employing an
V /V. ' tf ' ' , ' -
agent to look after Georgia's interests
abroad."
"What a great thing, for instance,
would it be for the Central Railroad to
employ agents to inducc immigrants
to settle along the lines of its road.
It would pa}' them an hundred fold
by building up their country and de- <
veloping their property in every i
way."
Tride and the Lack of It.
i
Most persons in this world are anxious 1
for applause. They like to be well
thought of, and never object to hear <
themselves spoken of in a commendable '
manner. No real objection can be 1
formed to this, provided sinful vanity is <
not at the root of it. I'ridc, it must bo '
remembered, is a busy sin that spoils all '
we undertake. More than this, it is 1
bound to be discovered, and the real ob- <
jeet we have in view is often defeated '
by it. When Diogenes stepped upon <
the flowing robe of Plato, he comically I
remarked : "Thus do 1 trample on the (
pride of Plato." The sage turned and 1
replied : "Yes, Diogenes : but with 1
greater pride of your own." It was ]
evident that Diogenes took pride in I
making a display of his impudence before
the rabble. There are many per- 1
sons who act to-day precisely like 1
Diogenes did. Some who are naturally *
dirty and slovenly hate to see a gentle- 1
man wear a clcan shirt. They speak of 1
him as a "Miss Nancy," "dude," ect. '
We once heard a clownish fellow re- <
mark about some genteel folks, who although
poor, always appeared in '
company neatly dressed : "Those peo- <
pie put all they have upon their backs. '
and starve their stomachs." A by- 1
stander quietly replied : "That is more 1
commendable than to make a hog of 1
yourself by putting all you have in 1
your stomach and go like a vagabond."
The cap seemed to lit the first party so
perfectly that he slunk away with a
rrri n Vn?*v ftwtr
...W|..v? ati* v vi j ?vn pwi ouiio aiu nu
poor that thoy cannot make a decent
appearence when they appear on the
streets and even when at home. To
appear like a sloven at home and on
streets like a princess or Lord Chesterfield
is shoddy and vulgar. Neatness
and cleanlines of person at home should
always be observed. It will not do,
cither, to attend ,to only certain portions
of the body and neglect the others.
Women, particularly, should always be
careful to keep their hands in order. A
woman with pretty face and rough
hands, with traces of dirt beneath the
nails, is like the peacock?his plumage
is beautiful, but you must never look at
his feet. It is said that if the bird
while strutting looks at his feet his tail
droops immediately. The poaeoek cannot
help himself, but any female, unless
she is compelled to work in dve colors.
can keep her hands in order If she is
willing to take the trouble. We should
so respect ourselves that we would be
unwilling to appear at home in a way
that we could not appear before strangers.
Of course no one expects to see
persons who have domestic duties to
attend to dressed in silks and fine linen
but they do expect to see them properly
costumed for their work. i
Many young men are so afraid of
being called "mean" that they will ]
spend the last dollar they hare with their
comrades for purposes very often moro i
to be condemned than commended. It 1
is so nice to have the "boys" call them i
''generous fellows." Hold on young i
man; generosity should always com- ]
mence at home If you spend money <
among strangers that is needed by rela- i
tives, you are really ungrateful, selfish i
and devoid of moral courage. Retnctn*
bcr that relations stick to you when
your money is gone. Friends, so-called, '
whe nadversity overtakes you, will dis- {
appear like the leaves in autumn. To 1
have too much pride is to spoil what- \
ever we undertake; to be without entirely
tnal. s us tit only to associate '
with animals that wallow in tho mire.? ]
Columbia Record. y
- - I
Miraculous Escape. ,
W. W. Reed, druggist, of Winchester, Ind., 1
writes: "One of my customers, Mrs. Louisa
D:L. n i-i-u ni t-J
i i&c, iibhi'iiiii, nuiiuui|iu v>o., mu., was a long I
sufferer with Consumption, and was given up (
to die bv her physicians. She heard of Dr.
King's New Discovery for Consumption, and
began buying it of me. In six months' time *
she walked to this city, a distance of six miles, i
and is now so much improved she ban quit \
using it. She feels she owes hor life to it." .
Free Trial Bottles at Cothran A Perrin Drug
Store. J
I
Subscribe fcr the Mehse^oku.
mmmmmmmmmmmatammmmmBmmmmmmmmmmmmrnk
The New Deal Again.
"Got three plass eyes;
And like a scurvy politician.
Seem to see the things thou dost no*
Many of our exchanges, witho
advancing any definite reason, persist in
clamoring for a new deal in the next*
election of State officers. Much has been
said about the new deal, and it is proba
bio that as the election draws near, it will
be taken up by dissatisfied politicians of
a low order, who desire to ride into what
Lhey consider "fat offices," upon this
hobby*
Unpuestionably, the most important
consideration in electing officers is their
individual qualifications. Fitness for
the discharge of the duties should first be
considered, and we have sympathy
with those who seem to imagine that
bccauso a man,s grandfather performed
the State service, therefore all his
lcscendants should receive the emouluinents
eof a public office, as annuities. No
ane section of the State is entitled to
jreater favor than another. Good men
can be found all over the State, and as
they are but representatives of the
people, they should be chosen from the
people, they should be chosen from the
people of the State as such.
Perhaps the new deal idea arises frohi
the face that great complaint is made
against high taxes. Unless it can be
shown that the State officers have-abused
the trust reposed in them, we see no
reasrn for turning a man out of office
who has perfoincd his duty, satisfied his
constituents. and|proven himself worthy.
It is folly to turn out a good man simply
to I'vnnrimonfc wit.li ?nntli?r rl'kf>
? - ?? . ... vra??vi -M ??V uvaiv
officers have nothing to do with redacting
taxation. This evil if it be one,
must be remedied by the legislators and
bounty Commissioners. Elect?competent
ind trustworthy County officers and you
may be sure no unnecessary expenses
will be incurred.?Laurewtvillc Advertiser.
"The Swamp Angel."
When General Gilmore laid out his
plan of operations against Charleston,
S. C., and its defences in the summer
of 18G3, he decided to plant a battery
in the marili, at some point whence it
might be possible to reach the wharves
and shipping of the city with shells.
The marsh here was a bed of soft
black inud, sixteen to eighteen feet
deep, overgrow with reeds and grass
traversed with tortnos, sluggish water
courses, and overflowed at high tide.
Here, at a point midway between Morris
Island and James Island, iully five
miles from the lower end of Charleston,
on a strong platform of logs*
placed directly on the surface of the
marsh, but strengthened beneath the
gun platform by piles driven through
the mud into the solid sands below
uhd filled between with sand, was
planted the battery. It mounted a
single gun, an eight inch rifled Parrot
gun. The gunner was protocted by>
Hand-bag parapet. August 24, 1865,
General Gilmore demanded the surrender
of Charleston. The demand
being rejected, fire was opened front
this gun upon the city. Several shells
.11J t_ ? ? ? * -
uiu ruacn me towor ona 01 tuu city,
and caused much damage by exploding
among the warehouses there, buX no
persons were harmed. . The Swamp
Angel did not, howevor, long continue
to terrifv the Charlestonians. Being
Rred at a considerable elevation, with
t charge of sixteen pounds of powder,
ind impelling a projectile weighing 185
pound, it burst at its thirty-sixth discharge.
And Fort Wagner., fully a mi|e
learer the city, was put to no further
use.?Inter Ocean.
. ;
M.r Lincoln was found one morning
l?y a visitor counting several small piles *
af greenbacks on his table. '"This, sir,"
said he, noticing the gentleman's surprise,
"is something out of my usual Knfe.
But a President of the United States lias
t multiplicity of duties not specified in '
the Constitution or the acts of Congress.
This is one of them. This money belongs ,
to a poor negro who is a porter in the
lYeasurv Department, and is at present
very sick with the smallpox. (He did
not catch it from me, however, at least
1 think not.) He is now in the hospital,
ind could not draw his pay because he
could not sign his name. I have been at
sonsiderable trouble to overcome the
lifficulty and get his money for hits,
and hnve at length succeeded in putting
ed tape, as the newspapers say. 1 aia
low dividing his money, and putting bv
i portion in an envelope, labeled with
lis name, along with my own funds, a^?
:ording to his wish."?Ben;- ftrlcy
Poors in Boston Budget^
yt V.v V^.- ' V'" '/?l*sro8