_ ?XW^ltATCHaiAX, Established April, 1850., *! "Be Just and Fear not-Let al! the Ends thou Aims't at, be thy Country's, thy God's, and Truth's." the tktje southron, Established June, 186?.
i?usolidated Aog. 2,1881.1 SUMTER, S. 0., TUESDAY, JULY 11, 1882._ New Series?Vol. I. No. 50.
^pI3afcd& eyeiy Tueg&ay,
f?tc?wian-W?^ 'S?utkron ' Publishing
Companyy
SUMTEK, SrCi z
terms-: ~
TWiollirV perann^m?in adv3Dtae.
-S a ?Vl4^?%%ilMTS-V
^OuelSqcare, first inaer?r^^^ 00
TSvejyaubsequs^tinsW "50
"Contracta- 1or three mon As, or longer will
haaiade at reduced ratest ts!l*?<&\?K
AU comtconicat?oas whichsubserve private
im?mta winbeci?rgedibr a^advert?sements.
Obituaries api iafaates ?f respect; will be
charged for. , ~ ->-, ^ v
Itetiage-tf?t?ces ?nd'not?ces of deathV pub
HaWfree.
- orcontracts, for advertising
._._^JKakd^So^ihTon, of apply, at
[tb*-Oflfc?, to- ?^^OSSTO,--"
fFor the Watchman and Southron-.^; -
s HUSBAND AUTO WIFE.
?y wifttljfiertfsmusie^
Cot*o*da^^triins awakened from my soul,
W to sing the gift~
- "TatlS&\God.
T^bf|??2ft ^gj> hast io Eaad with me, and
, wealth -of- knowledge
-*An*Hb<?-?^draw' me jmd our treasure up.
beauty's vA?-?*
^S?^tS?? -sl^t^nialrj^??e brother" to the
^^jW^ij^n^**** -s-^^-^'
?miQ??we?Cifi?>tDi?\&a?pioess,
vA*d^oyfal ciaapi^v^n, in .Ae do^ds^i
-wir^stret?b^<,for the .far-off j
1 ?tar
Of ?xertkoce^if?i^aach .o?her,up.
?^Ajh^aw^t?nd.gk4^^
^ith.one congeofal that doth honest.prise !
"apt nutq.thyself wilt thou desire,
Oiritmii u tro^ e^ry^ wer -but-bound
Tofa&Ujf creV^^^f^?y
fhaCcaoTa'yliold of woman,T shall be
Tfrtom oo'by theo^liereveY th'oa'dbsVgo,
8o fiud cmmauuion with thy "closest Friend,
Aad Tears fcy sister's side bis As??j sm3?- ?
fc?ife?i?, ?wa-Tr?t be?mine, andTlf be
. , ^ thlne>; y :. ^_ ^.
"-'Twit be^u*Wi*ito struggle on a?d-oD,
Thw* we may sacrifice os each for each,
: A*^^the?ncen? rj? to sweetest joy...., -,
We w?t rj* friends in soul forever pledged ;
oemwoa aim and work ofc*r one Iii?,
j oar lacerated.hearts,
Uj^eapoVtbe Savour's cross,,
rieads: and friends for aye of God..
', T pelce.
A Fair Offer.
^ ^JbejBS^^ ;
v^o?oj?*tb, devotes ^onsiderabio edito- 1
-' riai ?pace to the consideration of _ the
' as to other t q ci as tries affe et i ug, pax?c u
-Jarfj? J?0j*tfc ?. JLt8_ language
^rot^b???ft?i>T^^aiD<^, and is
g io-jtepriew of the? pr pec
ti^l??^ease' m toan?factario^ iot?rests
tioD. We clip from it the
ia?tetioo to the -jn?i>tt{aciur
_. JSe S?a?i,vwttfi^he^6pe ifiat it
* heartjr^ response from
- tho#? iotetces"teii 5- 9 ? s -jW-: ^ >
2c^"4A^t^3ea4*&8 beftft wtdHfcrough
tioDt of tbo^SiSe^s l^^jfel^.fe w
1 p^t^im ir^b^ooagiogrtbojwaaooeas of
8?WI*?TO'^>^4?t?I^ 'ft?e ri^it ?1
B?S?iP *or tQe makers of cotton, woollen
' anid^m?x?d goo^ w ?k^Sooth, wbo de
do, to exhibit- their products
* aUptrdes as to, tbeur pre
agm tiie line of macufactar
ved-'goods^ There is ^certainly plenty
< ot- opporionity for this. The space
cottf nothings and all inquiries ad
dressed io thev Treasurer, 38 fiawley
atrjM?> :Bostoa, will meet^?^?h prompt
attentioo ; and if the goods are sent
~ h'er?, they will be taken care of and
placed on exhibition. If the makers of
clcih, or aha^bods from the textile
fibers, through. th? ^Southern States
would make asgoo^anowing in Bos
ton as they did in Atlanta, it would
. oertainly conTinoe the people of the
? North that those who live-in the Sooth
" ern States do and can make handsome
goods., Seeing U believing, and it is
postttTe rerification. It seems to ns
that there is a good opportunity for
those who desire so to do, to exhibit
their manufactured goods, and we hope
they will improve the opportunity."
jj There could he nothing more fair
; than the above offer, aud it is "an in
ducement which we feel assured will'be
^appreciated and accepted by scores of
the raanufacturvs of the South. The
article pays & fine compliment to our
manufactured goods, with that spirit of
magnanimous justice which looks be
yond .the darrow limits of section.
There is not a shadow of doubt that, by
a favorable response to the amore invi
tation by our manufacturers, and the
display of Southern skill, in the manu
facture of textile fabrics shall be gene
ral at the coming exhibition, there will
be incalculable advantage accrue to the
rrSoath^ Sentiment is all very .fine, and
? 'taffy* talk will.do very well to assist in
- smoothing over . bitter memories, but
those Yankees are a practical, calcula
ting people, and they much rather see
tod know what we have done than hear
ns, or anybody else what we can do.
? To use the words of the above article,
f 'Seeing is believing, and it is positive
verification.' Let ns invade tbe North
with a formidable array of our best
manufactured goods? and they of the
North will surrender at discretion, and
be glad of the change:
; Lemons for Billiousness.
It is not well to take lemon juice
into an empty stomach, being a power
ful acid, for after a while it will pro
dttce inflammation. The way to get
better of a- bilHonsness without blue
pills of quinine is to take the juice of
one, two or three lemons, as the appe
ttte cntvei, in as .ranch water as will
make it pleasant to drink, t??tho?? sugar,
before going to bed. In the morning
on rising, or at least half an hour be
j fore breakfast, take the juice of one
^ lemooJitt a ^oblet of water. This will
dear the system of humors and bile
with mild eficacy, without any of the
1 weaktnln^^ffaotf .of calomel and Con*
^grtsa water.
The State Re-Districted.
Nature and Effect of the New Law.
r \Sto$^Correspondence Jfcws and Courier.1
Columbia, July 3.?The plan for
dividing the State into seven Congress*
ional districted ais adopted by the State
Legislature;conforms generally to the
plan prepared by Mr.; J)ibblef. the late
member from the Charleston District.
TB.e dominant principle is to throw the
bulkVof the colored vote into a single
district,, and to arrange the remaining
districts so as to leave in each a colored
majority so small, if any, that it can be
easily .overcome. It will be borne in
mind, also,, chat there-arc thousands of
colored Democrats, so that it is not fair
to assume that the colored majority rep
r?senta the number of votes that the
Democrats have to win over. In Barn
well County alone there are about 2,000
colored Democrats regularly enrolled
and members of Democratic clubs ; but
Rsrawell, it- must-be - admitted, bas
j more colored Democrats than any other
j county in the State. The arrangement
of the several. Congressional districts
j under the new law is shown in the fol
lowing table, which gives also the total
population of each division of each dis
trict and the total of the several districts :
. First District.?Charleston and
|t-BeEkeley~St. - ^nilip'a. ;?od -St. Mi
chael's 51,1^7. Mount Pleasant, (say.)
788, ^fotdtrievillev (say) 661, St.
[ James Goos?cr??t T between* Ashley
[River and S. C. R.R. (say) 1,106,
Summer ville, (say) 636; Colleton?
[Bell's 1,968, Burn*, 1,990, Cam 877,
I Dorchester 2,658, George 2,028, Giv
harn 1,306.. Hey ward. 1,748, Koeaer
1,490, Sheridan 1,612, Verdier 3,554 ;
Orangeburg?Branch ville 2,-010, Caw
Caw 2,881, Cow Castle 1,149, Edisto
1,035,. Elizabeth 2,116, Goodland .2,
681, HebronJ960, I?bertyf ?*,2lfc Mid
dle 1.663, New Hope 1,267. Orange
6.046, Union 1,418* Willow 1,748,
Zion 1,572 ; Lexington County 18,564
Total for district 119,909.
Second District.?Hampton 18,741;
Colleton?Broxson 2.317, Warren 1,
877 ; Bamwell 39,857 ; Aiken 28.112;
Edgefieid 45,844. Total for district
136,748. :
Tbiro District.?Abbeville 40,615;
Newberry26,497; Anderson 33,612;
.Pickens.14,389; Ocooee 16,256. To
tal for district 131,569.
^"JfouRi^DisTRi^ 37, -
^^S^aokurg, (except White
Plaios^aod- LiWestooe Townships,) iSf^j
19?^J^an?eiKs^9;444:>; Union; Except
"Gouaeysvifie. and Dray ton vil le Town
stops;); 18,^ Fairfield 27.765;
Richland-^Upper township 2,735, Co
lumbia 13v083, Centre 3*874. Total
^0^ic|r,ie7;230.\
Fifth 'District.?York 30,713;
Chester :24,153; Lancaster 16,903:
Union, (part)?G?udeysville": 3,252,
Draytonville 2.187; Spartanburg.(part)
W!fit^kinR2,2o^,^imestV)n? ;
Chesterfield ?6,345^^^fiaw%?538.
rTotalfo^ist4ct :12a?3(^. |;..
S Sixth ^isTBiCT^CIaren?bn 19/190;
Williamsburg (part)' Kingstree 284,
"Sumter Township''?,?57f' LeeV 1,619,
Johnson's^ 2,397vrEaW : 1,272 ; Dar
Jington-/ 34.485.j-^arlbaro' 20,598 ;
^ai^^A07 ^ Horry 15*574.- Total
*e S*v? H^^"iljiatra^
19.613; Williamsburg, except King
stree. Scatter.- Lee-'s, Lake and John
son 15,781 ; Summer 38,037 ; Richland
?Lower^Township . 8,881 ; Oraage
burg?Aaclia 3,664, Lyon* 2,428,
Pine Grove 1,994, Goodby's 1,490,
Poplar 1,512, Providence 1,260, Vance
1,286 ; Charleston and Berkeley not in
First district 48,447 ; Colleton?Blake
2,521, Lowndes 1,555, Fraser 1,708,
Adam's Run 4,409, Collins 1,431,
Glover 1,337 ; Beaufort 20,176. To
tal for district 186.530.
recapitulation.
First District 119,909 ; Second Dis
trict 136.748 ; Third District 131.569 ;
Fourth District 167,230; Fifth Dis
trict 121,308 ; Sixth District 132,283 ;
Seventh District 186,530. Total 995,
577.
There is a considerable difference in
the population of the several districts,
but this is no greater than the differ
ence that, without as good reason, is
found in Republican States in the North
and West, and which has not been ob
jected to. For instance take the State
of New York which is blessed with a
Republican Legislature and it will be
fonnd that the population in the Con
gressional Districts yaries from 110,035
in the 27th district to 1,206,577 in the
New York City district ; or to compare
only districts outside of the City of New
York there is a population of 219,886
in the 32d district to 110,035 in the
27th district. In the great Republican
State of Pennsylvania there is a popu
lation of 117,705 in the 32d district
against 212,275 in the 4th district, a
difference of 94,570. Again in the
Stalwart State of Ohio the population in
the 4th district is 214,080 against
152,865 in the 14th district, a differ
ence of 61,216. In Illinois, also, there
is a population of 143,445 in the 5th
district against 204,315 in-the 1st dis
trict. Similar examples might be cited
in nearly every Republican-State. In
the case of Pennsylvania, Ohio and
Illinois, not being able to obtain the
exact population in the districts, I have
taken the vote of 1880 in the districts
named, and estimated the population to
be five persons for each voter. All the
districts, of course, are composed of
contiguous territory. The annexed
tables show the population and voting
population of the districts by color, and
it will be seen that in the black district
are more than one-fourth of the whole
of the colored people in the State. It
will be a rich district moreover for
choice of material for Republican Con
gressmen, as in it are the homes of
Robert Smalls and W. J- Wbipper of
Beaufort, Sam Lee of Sumter, Rainey
of Georgetown, and a host of lesser
lights. And it is expected that the
Black district will be favored with the
presence of E. W. M. Mackey, as he
has no chance of an election in the
Charleston district:
Wliite. CoVd.
First District, 53,790 66,119
Second District, 51,266 85,482
Third District, 62,783 68,780
Fourth District, 79,633 87,597
Fifth District, 54,140" 67,168
Sixth District, 57,957 73,426
Seventh District, 31,536- 155,760
" Total . 391,105 604,332
the vote.
The following is a rough estimate of
the voting population io each district,
on the basis of 1 voter to every 4? per
sons in the ease of the whites, and 1 in
5 in the case of the colored people :
White. OoVd.
First District, 11,953 13,223
Second District, 11,392 17,096
Third District 13,952 13,756
Fourth District 17,696 .17,519
Fifth District, 12,031 1,3,433
Sixth District, >-12,879 14.685
Seventh District, * 7,008 31,152
The Democrats can reasonably ex
pect, therefore, to carry six of the seven
districts, if the full white and colored
Democratic vote be cast for Congress
men. _ j. k. b.
Among the Indians.
From the Carolina San.
Ocmclg**. Ind. Territory...
Mr. Editor: In my last communica
tion, I said the Cberokees have a large
invested* fund in the United States
Treasury. Your types make me say
intrusted' fond ; again, I said they
have about *one hundred primary or
District schools;'your types make me
say 'diet' schools:: District bereis used
in the same way you would say 'town
ship' school. I wish to say something
more about the Cherokee Nation and
Cherokee people. The Cberokees out
number any of the civilized tribes ;
there is-by the last census nearly twen
ty-one thousand ; they have a country
exendinf from .the Kansas line on the
north' to the Arkansas river .on the
South, a distance of about one hundred
and twenty-five miles," and from the Ar
kansas line on the East, to a line West,
about one hundred miles.
As intimated in my last, the Cbero
kees are well advanced in civilization ;
a good many of the ? have large farms
and raise a great many cattle. Some
of the farms are as large as we had in
the South before the war ; from three
to five hundred acres. They raise an
abundance of corn, oats, wheat, millet,
irish and sweet potatoes. The land is
! very rich and produces very heavy
crops of corn.; When a full crop is
raised the price of corn is very low,
from fifteen to twenty-five cents per
J sfeek-_- Z _ r _.j. _
There is a large number of white citi
zens in the Nation. Citizens by marri
age have all the full rights of a full
blood Indian. Some of the white citi
zens have made for tu res since the war,
raising and [dealing \ inj stock. ; j T h is is
the finest-stock" country I ever- saw.
Grass by the millions and cattle by th&j
thousands. Some m^n, mostly white,
own as high as' ten thousand bead ?f
cattle. A young man sold a few days
ago, a -rauche of about three thousand \'<
head of-cattie for $44,000 cash. There '
was considerable wealth here before
the^watw f QuiteV*; - number gowned
slaves?they are here now .^citizens of
the country, just as with you, only this
-difference : they; bave.an equal ^interest
in tfielafhd"a?well"asany Fntrtau.^ Tbe
Indians hold" their land in common.
The> Indians,ur at least, the Cberokees
and Creeks were about equally divided
on our war. question, one part going
with the South and the other with the
North.. They suffered as much as the
people did in tbe track of the great
'Tecumseb,' in our dear old South Car
olina, and lost everything, not only
their stock but 'heir houses, farms, in
fact they were like Columbia and Che
raw?literally burned out. The two
parties north and south bad been -carry
ing on ? war of extermination for three
years, each trying to destroy the other
and all their property. When the war
closed in 1865, there was not a dozen
houses of any kind in the Cherokee Na
tion, nor but very few Indians ; tbe
Southern families had all gone South
to tbe Chiaka8aw Nation and to Texas,
and the Northern families to the North,
mostly to Kansas. The country has
recuperated greatly since that time,
however, and is now a beautiful, fertile
country. This is a prarie country, con
sequently we are using the latest im
proved machinery in farming. The
sulky-looking plow and cultivator, the
self binding reaper, tbe improved wheat
drill "and horse power corn planter.
There is no fodder saved here, but a
great deal of prairie hay instead. Just
go to the prairies with your mower, cut
the grass, let it sun for half a day and
put it up in long ricks or stacks?this
is tbe dependence for cattle and horses
for the winter. Thousands of horses
here never eat an ear of corn unless
they are taken up and used, aod then
they have to learn to eat. Ooe more
item about the Cberokees and I am
done with them. They are a religious
people. Tbe M. E. Church South, has
a Conference in the Territory with
about thirty-five preachers, (a majority
natives) with something over six
thonsaod members, four mission schools
in good condition and about ten or ! f
twelve churches and parsonages. This 11
is called Indian Mission Conference and
extends from Kansas to Texas, and
from Arkansas to the Rocky Mountains.
The Baptists have a large membership
in the country and two or three Mission
Schools and churches. Tbe Old School j e
Presbyterians have a small membership, j t
and two Mission Schools and three or
four churches. The Presbyterian has
not been well represented in this coun
try except in one or two cases. Rev.
Mr. Robertson, who recently died, was
a representative man of his church?a | j
fine educator and Christian. He was i
long engaged in a Mission School near 11
Muskogee Creek Nation, which he lost \
by fire just before he died. The school j v
has been rebuilt, however, and will I <
soon be in operation again nnder the ?
superiotendency of Rev. Mr. Lackerage, c
for a long time Mr. Robertson's assis- 2
tant, ?EUNACHA. {
- mm j
To a poetess the heartless Chicago ' c
Tribune writes : *It will be impossible to {]
print your poem about the roses true and f
violets blue that bloom in the grassy j c
dell, aod the little birds that sweetest1 r
words of love in their chirpings "tell, c
We bave a large line of dell and blue 12
bird poetry on hand this Spring that j t
was carried over from last year* 1 *
t
V
The Cost of Commercial Fer
tilizers.
To the Editor of BradstreeCs
Sir?Id the article od page 309 of
your issue of May 20, 'Is the Soil of
the United States Being Exhausted Y
you quote Dr. Collier, of the Bureau of
Agriftilture, as claiming that the im
provement in quality and reduction in
price of commercial fertilizers, as com
pared with the same in 1869, is the re
sult of 'chemical supervision* under
various state laws, thereby ignoring
any part that lower cost of materials,
increased knowledge and improved
methods of manipulation?and, may I
add, an intelligent effort on the part of
the manufacturer to improve quality
and lessen cost?may bave bad in
bringing about this change in price and
quality.
The various materials that furnish
the valuable ingredients of a commer
cial fertilizer are now..,obtained at less
than half their cost thirteen years ago.
This decrease in cost is partly due to
the removal of the doty upon sulphur,
and to the general shrinkage of prices
incident to doing business upon a specie
basis, instead of paper ; but it is main
ly due to the discovery of new sources
of supply for ammonia and phosphoric
acid?discoveries with which state
chemists had nothing to do?and it is
to this cheapening of cost to the manu
facturer, and this alone, that gives the
farmer his fertilisers at less than half
their cost to him thirteen years ago.
Besides this, the leading manufacturers
are furnishing a fair percentage of pot
ash in their componds, a very necessa
ry ingredient, and one that was not
furnished in fertilizers in 1869.
With these changes in cost and com
position the chemical supervision under
state authority has had absolutely
nothing to do.
You also quote Dr. Collier as saying
that commercial fertilizers sold in this
country in the past few years are chiefly
valuable for their phosphoric acid and
potash. Dr. Collier thus ignores ammo
nia, which is the most costly ingredi
ent in a commercial fertilizer, and the
element almost,.invariably soonest ex
hausted from the soil. Potash was not
an ingredient of these fertilizers in
1869, nor until some years later, and
even now not one-balf these goods con
tain it.
Dr. Collier falls into the grave error
[>f refering to 'intrinsic' and 'commer
cial' values as synonymous terms. The
intrinsic value as an element of plant
?boaor a com m^eTol?^asilujcerT^e^he
amount of crop-producing powerjB
messes?I believe ho chemist hal^^
;empted to decide ; but the commercial
?alue~i. e., the cost of or market val
ue of. the elements of plant food contain
ed in a fertilizer?may be approximate
ly" arrived at, and this is what state
iuthorities* attempt. '.In giving, these
valuations It is usually stated that t they
ire necessarily only approximate, and
ire made only as ? basis for comparing
fertilizers, so that purchasers may have
i means of estimating their comparative
commercial cheapness, and it is usually
expressly stated that this valuation in
20 way measures or attempts to measure
igricultural (intrinsic) value. Dr. Col
lier, states that the consumer of fertili
sers has been greatly benefited by a
change in the basis of valuation'^ made
by statu? chemist/ He says ; 'It is "also
:o be observed."that the basis "of valua
tion of these fertilizers has been chang
ed, and in. this way increased greatly
:hc benefits accruing to purchasers and.,
consumers.' For example, in 1869 the
sralue generally given to soluble phos
phoricacid was 16|c. per pound, while
i?wjhe same constituent is estimated
tlA?e. per pound. The valuation of
haTingredient being to a certain ex
tent arbitrary, it naturally varies in the
lifferent states. It is now estimated at
lOc. per pound in some States, while
>thers estimate it as high as 12?c In
he earlier valuation a liberal estimate
vas placed upon insoluble phosphoric
icid. At the present time most states
)lace no value upon this form of acid.
Allowing nothing for insoluble phospho
ie acid, 12c. per pound is a fair val
uation for soluble acid ; but this valua
ion is based solely upon the cost of
naterials, and is in no way brought
tbout or influenced by any change in
;he 'basis of valuation' acted upon by
.t?te authorities. For originating com
nercial fertilizers we are indebted pri
narily, to the chemist ; for the reduc
ion in their cost to consumers, we are
ndebted solely to the laws of trade.
Host of the state laws relating to fertil
zers are worse than useless, those of
STe w York in particular. It is possible
o enact laws upon this subject which
vould greatly benefit the consumer,
uainly through preventing him, in his
eckless pursuit of so-called cheap fer
ilizers, from forcing down the quality
if the goods. I was recently, told by a
eading manufacturer of fertilizers that
le bad given up trying to make high
jrade goods, since the majority of pur
hasers were governed entirely by
?rice, and would only purchase low
>riced goods. The State of Georgia
'orbids the sale of any ammooiated fer
tilizer containing less than 2 per cent,
if ammonia and 8 per cent, of soluble
phosphoric acid. With such a law, and
vit h efficient means provided for sam
pling and analyzing goods from trade
?ackages, and with the results publisb
d, the farmer might be protected from
he ill effects of bis own cupidity and
hat of the manufacturers S. N.
Wilmington, Del., June 3.
Thirty days in solitary confinement,
ras the sentence pronounced against
Tim Webster by an Austin judge.
Thirty days T asked the man. *Thir
y days,' was the response. 'Look
leali, boss, you gib me thirty days las'
Vinter for the same 'fense, when de
lays was a heap shorter don dey is now.
Un't you gwine ter allow de usual dis
:ount on account ob de signs in de
lodiackle?' A look of intelligence ap
>earcd on the judical hce, and spread
til over it. 'I declare, I forgot the
lays were not always the same length.
.'U make it twenty days solitary con
in einen t instead of thirty.' 'Tell me
lat book larnin' don't do a niggah no
;ood. I gets out ten days sooocr, all
wuin' to my habiii' studied up de
;odiackle,' remarked Jim Webster, as
he constable led him off to jail.?Texas
liftings.
A FATAL AFFBA7 AT CAHDEN.
MAJ. L. W. B. BLAIR KILLED.
[From the News and Courier ]
Camden, S. C, Joly 4.?Major L
W. R. Blair, the Greenback candidate
for Governor in 1880, was shot aod in
stantly killed in Ca m den to-day about
11 oc lock, in a person al^en count er with
Capt. J. C. Haile-x'The circumstances
connected with the affair are as follows :
For some time pa?t there had not ex
isted very good feeling between Blair
and H aile, and meeting each other on
the street to-day, Capt. Halle was ac
costed by Maj. Blair, who asked him
(Hail) if it was true that he had been
making certain statements concerning
him, (Blair.) Capt Haile promptly re
plied that be had. Whereupon Major
Blair called Haile a 'damned liar.'
Haile then asked Blair to retract his
language, which Blair refused to do.
Haile then left Blair, and walked a few
steps aod entered the county Treasu
rer's office, followed by Blair. Upon
entering he closed tbe door, and in a
minute or two returned with a rifle and
pistol. Blair was then standing within
a few feet of the door, and was again
requested by Haile to retract his offen
sive language. Blair still refused to do
so, and putting his right hand in bis
bosom advanced towards Haile. Haile
then fired at Blair three times, the balls
taking effect in the right lung and
through the heart. Blair fell dead.
The cause of the encounter was purely
personal.
Immediately after the shooting Capt.
Haile surrendered himself to Sheriff
Doby, who conveyed the prisoner to
the county jail.
The body of Major Blair was remov
ed to the town hull where an inquest
was held and the following verdict ren
dered: 'That the deceased came to his
death by wounds inflicted by a gun in
the hands of James L. Haile.'
The body of Major Blair layjn the
town hall uqtil about 5 o'clock this af
ternoon, when it was conveyed to his
late residence, about three miles from
Camden.
After Capt Haile had been regular- {
ly committed to jail upon a warrant is
sued by the coroner, his cousel, Major
W. Z, Leitner and Mr. W. H. Shan
non, made application before Judge
Kershaw for a writ of habeas corpus.
Judge Kershaw admitted the prisoner
to bail in the sum of five thousand dol
lars for his appearance at the Septero
-h^eJ^^^o/.thkCouri.. the bond to be
secured by three or more suretieo^ The
Courthouse was well filled daring tbe
Waring~of th^oase, and imme^at iy
cposxithe orderoeiag. made Capt. E&?e
gave tue^required bond 8*4 was eleas
ed from custody
. Maj, L. WVNjl Bla^was^c fion
of Gen. Jas. BlaS^hTTwas a mem-'
ber of Congress from this State from
1821 to 1*22. and from 1829 to 1834.
On April.l. 1834, Gen. Blair died in
I Washington by bis own band. Maj.
Blair had; resided for many years upon
the estate left him by his father some
miles below Camden in Kershaw Coun
ty. He was well educated, and devoted
a naturally strong intellect to scientific
researches. He was for many years the
editor of the Camden Journal, and was
regarded as a writer of considerable abil
ity. During the war he was an officer
in Nelson's battalion, Hagood's bri
gade* After serving creditably for two
years, he was forced by ill health to re
tire.- He was commanding in appear
ance, being over six feet in height,
and very erect in bis carriage.
After the- war Maj. Blair devoted
himself to planting in Kershaw County
and lived rather in seclusion until
1878, when he took a prominent part
in the endeavor then made to form a
Greenback party in this State. Two
years later he was tbe candidate of that
party for Governor, and ran against
Gen. Hagood, the Democratic candi
date. Blair received 4,277 votes.
Maj. Blair was recklessly brave, and
disposed to be aggressive in act and
word. The letters be wrote during his
canvass for Governor and during tbe
present year were bitterly abusive, and
it is a matter of surprise that a collision
between Blair and some one of those
whom he assailed had not taken place
before. r...
Columbia, July 4.?The news of
Col. L. W. R. Blair's tragic death was
received io Columbia to day with much
surprise but little regret.
Capt. James L. Haile, who killed
Col. Blair, is about forty one years old,
and was born in Kershaw county. He
entered tbe Confederate army as ser
geant in Captain (now Lieut. Govern
or) Kennedy's company, and during
the first year of the war was made ser
geant major of the Second South Caroli
na Regiment. (Kershaw's.) He then
entered Coi. A. C. Haskell's regiment
of cavalry as lieutenant, and was one of
the most gallant and devoted men in
tbe army. . He has lived a part ?f the
time sincePthe war in North Carolina,
where he married, and then returned to
Kershaw county where he has since
been engaged in planting operations.
On Saturday last Capt. Haile went to
a Democratic clob meeting in bis neigh
borhood, to reorganize for the coming
campaign. It is said that Col. Blair
also went to this meeting armed with a
sixteen-shooting rifle. Haile told Blair,
that as the club had assembled atBrun
son's ginhonse, which was private prop
erty, the Democrats would retire to the
school house near there, and if 'be
(Blair) followed him it wonld be at his
peril.*
Gen Kennedy says that Capt. Haile
is a quiet, unobtrusive man, full of de
termination, and one of the bravest in
the State. No man in Kershaw Coun
ty is more respected, and although he
would not seek a quarrel, he is a lion
when aroused. Judge Haskel), in
whose command he sewed during the
war, says that Haile is as brave and
true a man as ever breathed.
FURTHER PARTICULARS.
The following letter to : the Augusta
Constitutionalist, from Mr. C. H. Moise,
who vra3 in Camden at tbe time, gives
some particulars not contained in tbe
foregoing, to which Mr. Moise, at onr
request, has made some additions, from
facts ascertained by him after his letter
to Augusta was written :
Camden, S. C, July 4.?BeiDg in
this place on a visit, I was awakened at
three this morning by tbe booming of
cannon, the joyful ringing of the bells
of the numerous churches and the mar
tial strains of military music. Being
unable to sleep by reason of the noise,
I dressed myself and went into the
street. A number of persons, mostly
colored, were moving about quietly and
nothing indicated the appalling tragedy
which happened latter in the day.
Every body seemed bent on spending a
pleasant day. The whites bad a pic
nic to come off on the other side of the
Wateree river, to which your correspon
dent had been invited, but-preferred re
maining in town, intending, as a matter
of curiosity, to attend a meeting of the
Greenback or Labor party, to be held
at the Court House, at noon. Col.
Cash was advertised, to speak. Sena
tor Fishburne, of Colleton county, was
also to speak. This party, which
(so far as I can ascertain) has very
little following in this county, was
regarded with some fa vor by the color
ed people, who are always ready to
espouse the cause of any party who
may be opposed to the Democracy,
rightfully or wrongfully. They were
in the habit of attending tbe meetings
of tbe party in very large numbers, and
early after breakfast the streets began
to fill with colored people of both sexes
and of all ages.
At about half past ten Maj. L. W. R.
Blair, the local leader of the so-called
Greenback party approached Mr.
James Haile, a Democrat, and said,
in substance : 'I understand that you
have been saying that I affiliated with
negroes and attended negro night meet
ings.' Mr. Haile admitted saying so.
Major Blair advanced upon Haile in a
threatening manner, plaeing his band
in his bosom, and said, to Haile 'I wish
you to understand that I am cock of the
walk to-day, and I am armed. You
are a damned liar.", Mr. Haile was un
armed. The latter stepped into tbe
County Tax Office and seizing a repeat
ing rifle returned to the street. Major
Blair was required to withdraw his lan
guage. He replied, '1 will die first,'
fend approached Mr. Haile in a threat
ening manner. Mr. Haile raised the
rifle and shot Major Blair dead. He
feli covered with blood. Mr. Haile
surrendered himself to the Sheriff, Mr.
Doby, and was conveyed, under a
strong volunteer guard of white men,
to tbe county jail.
The body of Major Blair was carried
into the town hall and laid upon the
floor. It presented a most ghastly ap
pearance.. . Y
He was a tall thin nan aged about
sixty-eight, with long uncombed and
dishevelled hair, a Ion,; shaggy beard,
very dirty in his pcremL^andjsiii^^iis,.
^?S?^li?g-tue^tS^BIffn^niinal.
His face was livid and bis head was
thrown back on one side. J?is shirt
bad 1)een opened . and his hairy chest
showed two or three wounds. The
blood had formed a pool under bis right
arm, and the whole scene was shocking
and paioful to contemplate.
The Coroner is now summoning a
jury and .the inquest is to be held at
noon. Mr. Blair-was * widower with
several children. He owned a valuable
piece of land part of which be rented out
at $1,000 per annum- Several years
ago be was tried for the uaurder of a
Mrs. Young. He had had a difficulty
with her son and went, to her dwelling
accompanied by a negro man. ^The
negro was instructed to shoot any one
who showed himself ab Mrs. Youngs
door. The unfortunate woman showed
herself at the door, when both Blair
aod the negro fired and Mrs. Young
fell dead. Blair was tried for the mur* ,
der, but owing to the difficulty of ascer
taining who fired the fai:al -shot, he was
acquitted. Another statement is that
Blair did not shoot, but commanded bis
slave to do so. Upon the trial, Blair
was acquitted on the ground, that he
did not fire the fatal shot; while the
negro was acquitted, because, as was
said, he fired under the duress of his
master's authority. I was informed
that his father, who was a member of
Congress, conmitted suicide in Wash- 1
ington, and that his grand father, or as 1
some say, his uncle, was executed for a {
murder committed many years ago.
His private character vr.s good and
he was a man of high intelligence
and of unquestioned courage. He '
was- a Major in General Hagood's '
Brigade during tbe late war, and was
a gallant soldier. He was regarded in
this county as a brave a an but a bully.
He on last Saturday attended a Demo
cratic meeting at Beulah, in this conn- !
ty, armed with a Winchester rifle, and ;
it is said attempted tc overawe the
meeting. Mr. Haile was in the chair .
and organizing the Democratic Club of '
tbe precinct. Finding that Blair was !
bent on creating a difficulty Mr. Haile
adjourned the meeting 3.od went with i
the Democrats to the School House, ;
where tbe club was organized. This j
ended the difficulty at that time.
Only yesterday your correspondent ^
bad a conversation with Major Blair, .
and endeavored to dissuade him from
stirring up strife in the community, and
urged upon him the better policy of ,
making an honest effort to reform the
troubles of which he complained inside
of the Democratic party. I said to
him : 'You ought to gc to the State
Convention and urge your measures
there. If you make a:a honest and .
earnest effort to reform the party from
the inside, and then fail, thtre may be
some excuse for trying to form a new
party.' He seemed restive, and left
without finishing the conversation.
Mr. Haile is about forty years old, a i
small farmer, of good aod quiet charac
ter. I heard of the "Ming while con- 1
versing with Major Mtner, who re- ,
marked that Haile was a good fellow
and a brave and gallant soldier. 1
- ?- ? u- ']
Aunt?'Has any one been at theso |
preserves ?' Dead silence. 'Have you
touched them, Jimmy V Jimmy, with
tho utmost deliberation?'Pa never i
'lows me to talk at dinner.
A professor of French in an Albany j :
school recently asked a pupil what was j
the gender of academy. The unusual- j i
ly-bright pupil responded that it de
pended on whether it was a male or
female academy. 11
The Presidential Succession !
Bill.
The roost important measure which
has come before the present Congress is
the Presidential Succession bill, intro
duced by Senator Hoar of Massachu
setts.
The existing law providing what of
ficer shall act as President in case of the
removal, death, resignatiop, or inabili
ty both of the Presidentrand Vice-Pres
ident was enacted id 1792 It provides
that the President of the Senate, or if
there is none, then the Speaker of the
House of Representatives for the. time I
being, shall act as President until the j
disability be removed or a President !
elected.
Mr. Hoar wants to repeal the act of
1792 and make the succession as fol
lows :
1. The Secretary of State.
2. The Secretary of the Treasury.
3. The Secretary of War.
4. The Attorney-General.
5. The Secretary of the. Navy.
6. The Secretary of the Interior.
He would also authorize any one of
these officers who might be called upon
to assume the functions of the Presi
dent, to act as Peesident until the end
of the . term for which the President
whose place has become vacant was
elected
Under this bill an officer who is
neither elected by the people nor chosen
by any representative body may possibly
act as President of the United States for
nearly a full term of four years.
We believe the present system is far
better.
The act of 1792 provides for an early
election of a oew President in case the
President of the Senate or the Speaker
of the House of Representatives suc
ceeds to the duties of the Executive.
Mr. Hoar thinks that an election under
this statute might occasion great incon
venience. We quote his words :
'If there were to be a new election of
President in the intermediate year be
tween the years of the election of mem-.
bors of the lower House, the whole his
toric calendar, our Olympiad, would be
changed. The President and Vice-1
President woold be elected for a full
term of four years. That term might
begin in the middle of a term of the
House of Representatives, in the-middle
of a Congress, and the terms of the offi
ces which now expire with the Presi
dential term or very soon after, would
expire in the middle of the presidential
term, and create great confusion.'
This is true enough, but our Olym
piad, as he calls it, could be preserved by
a simple amendment prescribing the
time when the newly elected President
should assume office. The line of suc
cession need not be transferred from the
presiding officers of the two Houses of
Congress to the members.of the^abiiieJL.
Tri order to briu^WiW^I^PrcljaDge
may be desirable in this respect.
The chief objection to the present
system is that it makes no provision for
a possible vacancy in the offices of Presi
dent .of the Senate and Speaker of the
House of Representatives at a time
when Congress is jiot in session. Sup
pose, for example, that after Congress
adjourns President Arthur, Senator
Davis, and Speaker Keifer should all
simultaneously become the victims of
an Iowa cyclone. What would become
of the Presidency ? No one could call
Congress together until the day fixed by
law for the nest, session to begin; and
that might be months ahead. This is
the sort of exigency that :ougbt. to, bo
provided for. .
But tbis.cannot be done satisfactori
ly by permitting members of the Cabi
net to act as Presidents- Let us have
no such possibilities as a "Secretary of
the Na>y like JBoberson, a Secretary
of the Interior like Delano, or an At
torney-General like ^Wflliains, at the
head of the Government of the United
States. Why not adopt this order of
succession after the Vice-President ?
1. The President of the Senate.
2. The Speaker of the House.
3. The senior Senator.
4. The senior Representative.
By senior we mean the oldest in
membership ; but where there are two
members whose-ter m s of service are
equal, the oldest, in years should be
ieemed the senior.'
This plan seems to us more democra
tic than that proposed by the Senator
from Massachusetts, and less likely to
illow the Presidency, to fall into incom
petent bauds.?Ar. Y. Sun.
mm I ii mm
Russian Oats.
Mr. J. H. Bookman sent to our office
3n Wednesday several stalks * of the
Russian oat that were about six feet
bigb, but the heads were very inferior, i
ind in our opinion, will make next to
nothing as grain. The stalk, leaves '
ind grain were all more or less rusted.
We understand that the extensive ex- :
p?riment of Messrs. Whatley and ft. K.
Henderson is not a success from the ' <
;ame cause?rust. Our opinion is that j ;
Aie sowing of this new oat was deferred j
intil too late in the spring If it hzi ;
be<>u planted earlier it might have donc 1
better, as we understand that Col. Nat.
Shafee of Lancaster County has thrash- <
id out 300 bushels from a two acre lot I
While such results may occasionally be I
)btaiued from petted spots with new
angled varieties, we are satisfied that
he little red rust proof oat is the seed
;or this latitude and climate. Plaut
,he little red oat in September or Octo
ber and you are almost sure of a crop.
dur advice is to stick to your old friend, ;
;he little red with a death grip, and
;ouch the fancy priced high flyers with
?ear and trembling.?At ken Recorder.
Mother seeking a situation as foot
man for her rawboned sou. Lady?
lDnes he know how to wait at table Y \
Mother?'Yes, ma'am.' Lady?'Does
be know his way to aunounec Y Mother
?'Well ma'am, I don't know that he
knows his weight to au ounce, but he
docs to a pound or two.'
- m-i m- ,
When Hattie was five years old her j
sister married a farmer who owned a I
large sugar orchard. Soon after, a
generous package of maple sugar was
sent home and the little girl exclaimed,
*0, mamma, I'm so glad we've married
into such a nice family 1'
Yesterday is gone. You have to-day
ose it.
^^^H ^m
News and Gossip.
Col. J. P. Thomas having accepted
the positon tendered him in the Citadel
Academy, Charleston, the Carolina
Military Institute at Charlotte has been
closed and the buildings will be sold.
It is said that in the slaughter, dress
ing and curing of hogs such exactness
of economy has been acquired that
there is now nothing lost but the
'squeal.'
Th^anoual product of the silver
mines of South America at.the .present
time is estimated at #11,000,000, and
their total product since they were first
worked amounts to $2,386,000;000.
The Colored Teachers' Institute was
opened in Columbia on Monday th? 3d.
Eighty-four teachers were enrolled,
principally female. Superintendent of
Education Thompson delivered a short
address. The arrangements are vtfj
satisfactory.
The original Constitution of the Con
federate States of America, passed at
Montgomery, Ala., has turned up Ml
New York. A Federal soldier secured
it in Richmond, Va. Tbe British Mu
seum au thorites offer ?1,600 for it, but
it is to go to the highest bidder.
Miss Kate Duncan, daughter of Col.
Blauton Dacan who in her girlhood re*
sided in Columbia, died recently in San
Antonio, Texas, where she had gone to
marry Lieut. Augustine Hewitt, of the
army, on his death-bed.
A train from Long Branch ran off a
bridge over a branch of the Shrewsbury
River, by which several persons were
killed and a number injured. ^Gen.
Grant, had a narrow escape, but was
hauled ont of the ruins of the smoking
car slightly jarred.
It is stated that a company, with Col.
A* P. Butler, Agricultural Commis*
sioner, in lead, has been formed in Co
lumbia and vicinity, for the purpose of
distilling by a new process the oil, acid
and spirits of turpentine from common
pine wood. From a cord of wood cost
ing abont $3, it is believed that $30
will be realized. "There's millions in
it."
There is now living on the place of
Mr. Hay ire Chalmers, near Jalapa, in
Newberry county, a venerable negro
man who claims to be one hundred and
seven years of age. He says that ho
at one time belonged to the grandfather
of Gen Wade Hampton who bought him
of speculators from Virginia.
The Rev. J. B. Mack, D.D., endow
ment agent of the- Theological Semi
nary, has returned home after a very
successful canvassing tour among the
ch nrches. During the past, three weeks
he has raised .$1.700 by subscription,
divided amonsr the churches, as follows:
Anderson --gsiou^ $400, and
Cberaw, $500.,. The liberty with
which the Presbvterians have r^OJ^^^
ed to necessities of the seminTl^Ts""
altogether worthy of honorable men*
tion.?Palmetto Yeoman.
The war upon glucose, like that upon
oleomargarine..is prosecuted with a real
quite disproportioned to the practical
issue. There is a party , which declares
that glucose is poisonorfs, and another
which asserts that it a healthy food,
and destined to be 'the sugar of the
future.' These -contending v factions
may never be...reconciled, any more
than the users of tobacco can be
brought upon common ground with
those who hold that it is the great de
stroyer of tbelbumau race. Bu? the
real measure of reform about which
there should be no dispute, 'is such a
regulation of the trade that every arti
cle shall be sold under its right name;
People who wish to buy butter or sugar
should be enabled to do so without fear
of fraud or m?stake. ^IjLthey^?refef" a
cheaper substitue Tor either,- tnereisTTO-"
good reason for thwarting their desires.
It may as well be conceded, first as last,
that what they want they will have, and
that judicious legislation will seek only
to prevent them from being made th?
victims of deception by raise brands and
unscrupulous dealers.
The bronze fence around Vanderbilt**
houses cost $40,000, but a poor little
Lutheran Church Society in New York \
has paid ten times as much for a fence
they didn't build. Several years ago
?in fact in 1796?tbe church in ques
tion wa?'4ooking around for a new
building site. - A lot containing six
acres 'out in the country' was offered
them as a free gift provided they would
not only erect tbe church edifice but
put a neat and substantial fence around
the entire tract. They demurred at the
feoce, it would cost too much and the
place was so far out of town, that the
fence was unnecessary except to keep
the cows out. and they bad no objection
to the cows being in. So they declined
the offer. That six acres embraced
what is now the corner of Broadway
and Canal streets, and six millions
would be too small a figure for it to
day. If the church had built the feoce
ind held the gronnd, they would now
be rivals in wealth with the aristocratic
Trinity church corporation which hard*
iy knows how to spend its income.
The Lutherans of the present day think
Df what&igbt have been, and rail at
ihe indefensible short-sightedness' of
iheir ancestors.
Feeding Red Oats.
'Granger' writing to the Spartanburg
Herald, says :
I would suggest to farmers who are
feeding largely, if not altogether, on
Red Oats, that they examine the
mouths of their work animals and see
if they are not being affected by thO
be? ds. They are found generally
wedged together in wads on the under
jaw, along underneath the edges of tbe
tooque, cutting into holes the upper
surface of tbe jaw?very annoying and
painful to tbe brute. Put the bridle
on, bits outside'; open the mouth, let
an assistant pull tbe tongue out on the
side and the operator can extract the
most of them with the fingers. Be
careful with the fingers. Then
rub salt in tbe holes. Change feed
for a few days to bran, meal, corn, or
tender spring oats, cxauiiniog^tbo
mouth and cleaning out tbe
a day for a few days.
What kind of
man like when J