The watchman and southron. [volume], August 29, 1882, Image 1

About The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930

Image provided by: University of South Carolina; Columbia, SC

                
THE
"WATCH^tAN, Established April, IS50.
"Be Just and Fear not-Let all the Ends thou Aiins't at, be thy Country's, thy God's, and Truth's."
SUMTER, S. C., TUESDAY, AUGUST 29, 1882.
THE TRUE SOUTHRON, Established June, 1866?
New Series-Tel. H. TSo. 5.
m-.r%-_ TTIJI*
tckmavk attiySo^hton FuhlisMng
ADTKRT?SSMESIS.
r guare, first inserti-M^..,?~.......$1 (HT;
TCfery subsequent inse^3^.v?;?.vU. 5$
Contracts for thra^ab%s^(MtIonger will
be made at reducetfwi^^'?^^
All communications which su?setve private'
interests will be charged ?r^a?TCrSisements. i
Obituaries and trib?telo? respect will be
charged for. U??& ;Vr i ^ ^$
Marriage notices and Notices of deatbs-putK
lishedfree, ggf ^^^^^
For job work or contr?ete for advertising
^W&FWfe ?STREN, m
$?jm& Business Manager. ..
"YOTOS TBTJLY."
sweetest -love, though no ring
proclaim it ; . "
n y ours without ec d. though -no hoop
I am*yoars~-yonrs alone, though in whispers
. name il :
I am jours till old age shall my fisi?n make
dark.
lam yours through bright sunshine through
? w Sommer, through gladness ;
I am yours while prosperity's star doth
illume; ? ?.
I am yours through storm and through Win
k- ter and sadness;
I am yours to the last in adversity's
I am yours v? hen all else flee away and forsake
thee ;
I am yours when dear friends fail to proffer
g amandi * ?
Iamfyours when kind interest seeks to un?
make thee:
I am yours, dearest^ then, at,the. word of
command. >. . ; ' ...
f - ? .? .
I am yours when those eyes I could gaze on
forever
- Look beseechingly round thee for aid
'gainst the fee ;
I am yours, and there's naught can my mem
f "f : * ory sever"
From thee, or in health, or in sickness, or
woe.
Yes, Fm yours till the end, and my ashes lie
-.mould ri og j
Y?sy beyond ! for my spirit released' from
its clay.
Shall be yours then forever-its true love nn
to folding
? Remaining "Y/our truly" fore'er and a
K day.
^ THE STUBBORN BOY.
^rjiando-^-we called him 'Fud'for
short, though mother didn't like for
ui-to have nick-names-was the con?
trarient boy, when be got his head
set,|L ever saw. It didn't matter how
triv?l a thing it was, if he took a nb
tK>?'he wanted to have his own way.
Hb was the only ose in a family of
Bro who had a knack bf making
money and holding on to it. The
JS??feVboys were fond of booKs, and
cared little for money ; but Fud saved
.money and cared nothing for books.
This disposition was born in bim
. ^etwas a good boy to work-slow
in his.movements, but steady as a
clock, and as persevering as he could
?? if he saw a chance to make a dime.
At odd times, and on rainy days,
when the rest of us were pouring
overbooks, Fud was always engaged
snaking a basket or cobbliug up a pair
of shoes/ He had but little to say at
any time or on any subject, always
preferring solitude to company. Fud
was as patient as an ox, and would
endure:any amount of abuse before
he got mad, but when he did get
stirred he was revengeful, implaca
, ble and uncompromising as a boy
could well be. He never forgot an
injury, and rarely made friends with
aa enemy. The other boys were
??-quick, and flew off the haudle iu a
minute, and got in a good humor in a
short time. Mother switched all of
us frequently except Fud. She rarely
ever took the rod to him. It looked
.>like partiality to us, but then it may
have been because mother saw a real
I difference in her boys. The kind of
government adapted to three of us
might uot have been worked well in
the case of the fourth son.
Alotber was an early riser. She
always had breakfast by candle-light
~ both Summer and Winter. She did
not have many rules in her family
government, but the few she had were
as inflexibly administered as the laws
of the Medes and Persians. One of
her rules was that the boy who was
not up, washed and di essed by the
tune breakfast was announced, did
not get any. She said : 'If I can
cook a meal, it is as little as you boys
can do to be ready for it.' \Ve gene?
rally got ready in good time.
One Spring morning iu the month
of May, when we were busily en?
gaged in plowing over the crop on
our little farm, Brother Fud lay late,
and stalked into the dining-room and
flopped down to the table when the
-.tuea! Was half over. Mother looked
at him, and asked :
'Are you well, my 6on V
'I am.' Said Fud gruffly.
'Have you washed your face and
bands V asked mother pleasantly.
'No ma'am/ said Fud.
'Well, my son/ said mother kindly
but firmly, 'get up and go away. You
know the rule. It it must be obeyed.'
Fud stamped out of the room as if
he would run his shoe heels through
the floor, and he struck up a big
whistle as soon as he got into the
yard. Mother looked grieved, and
said :
'Let him alone : he'll come to his
milk by and by/
Fud caught old Kit and went to
plowing as large as life, whistling
'Old Dau Tucker* as loud as he could.
I never knew brother to whistle so
much before in one morning. Whist?
ling was not his fort any way. W hen
I got to the field he was in a jolly
mood-quite an uncommon thing for
him. I said nothing about what had
taken place at breakfast, nor did
brother, till about ten o'clock, when
he said:
'Mother thinks herself mighty
smart, but I will show her a thing or
"or two before J am ??ne.'
If 'Yes,Vsa*d-?| 'Fud^. mother i< no*t
^rery- smart; but she is* good, and as
stiff as steelyards when she sets
-her bead/ . _
5 'I am as stiff as she is, I thank you,
sir,' said brother, snappishly.
: J made Jip reply. . We plowed OD,
bot Fud o^uifcwbistling. Hunger had
begun tb tell on him. Hungry peo?
ple are: .not generally very good
humored. When7 the dinner-horn
:*6n^^ ^to^k .out and went to the
4^S^^?^urfioxse?, and then wert
to dinner. From some cause brother
;was late coming to the table. After
ihe blessing was asked,., he came in
^itb^s?owtupio? his &ce*^aU?rew
'l^selfinto'?'ch^r^ and -said '
'Hey, you have a ime~ dinner to?
day F
That was true, for mother had bis?
cuit, and it was not the day for bis?
cuit either ; and then, too, she had
an Irish pudding for dessert, a great !
favorite with us boys, and particular?
ly so with Fud.
/Have you washed your face, my
son V asked mother, looking Fud
square in the eye.
'No, I haven't/ said he, quite vici?
ously.
'Well, sir, retire!7 said mother,
with a tone and emphasis that meant
business.
Brother slammed the chair back
and tramped out of the room, growl?
ing as he went :
'If I can't eat I vow old Kit shan't
eat/
He knew how. close the old mare
tras io mother's heart. Mother step?
ped to the.door, and said :
'My son, don't you take Kit out of
the stable till she has finished eating
her food.' ?. C
That word was law, and Fud knew
it ; but as soon as he could he went
to plowing again' - I" begged mother
to whip him and ir.ake him wash his
face and then give him his dinner, as
we were in a great hurry with our
work.
'No/ sajd she ; 'I'll let him whip
himself this time. Hi-* stomach will
bring him round all right beioie night,
if his conscience doesn't do it. Just
let him alone. He is a stiff boy, and
needs limbering. He'll come in, in
due time.'
I was so sorry for Fud that I slip?
ped a biscuit out of the safe for him
when I started to my work, but when
I gave it to him he threw it as far as
he could send it, and said :
'No ; if I can't eat like white folks,
I'll not ?at at all. It has come to be
a pretty pass on this place when a
boy is forced tu work like a slave and
then be starved to death. I've a good
notiou to run away. Mother treats
me like 1 was a dog.'
'But,' said I, 'brother, you know
mother's rules, and you ought to obey
them. You might as well yield
the point now, for you will have it to
do in the end.
'Well, I may,' said he, 'but if it
were blackberry-time I'd show her.
I'd live on blackberries before Td
yield to her foolish whims.'
I said no more. It . was no use.
The boy was blind. We plowed on
till about half-after three when brother
began to cry, and fret, and yell at old
Kit, and he began to jerk her with
the line. We were near the house,
and mother came out aud said :
'My son, you must not jerk that
horse.'
Brother plowed and cried, and cried
and plowed for an hour, when, all of
a sudden he stopped and hitched old
Kit to a corner of the fence, and said :
'I've got to have something to eat,
no matter what it costs.'
He went to the spring and washed
his face, and then went to the house
and said :
'Mother, I have washed my face,
and I want something to eat, if you
please.'
'I am truly glad to hear it, my son,' j
said mother. 'I've been sony for you j
all day. I kept hoping you would j
come for it, and here is your dinner j
nice and warm ; and I've made you a ;
good cup of coffee. Now, come into
this room and let us have a word of
prayer, and thank God for the victory
you have gained, and then I'll set out
dinner.'
I didn't hear that prayer, but I
guess it was one of the old sort
siiort and simple, but wonderfully
penetrating and unctuous to the last
degree.
Brother came back to Ins work
cheerful as he could be, humming the
old hymn, 'How happy are they who
their Saviour obey.'
'Well, Fud,'I asked, 'did you get
your dinner.'
'0, yes, of course, I did,' said he ;
'and brother, I'll tell 3-011 what it is :
after all that has been said, and mak?
ing due allowance for mother's stub?
bornness, she is the best woman in
the world. Her prayers always dig
me up by the roots.'
Brother was contrary as long as I
knew him, but he never locked horns
with mother after this. She broke
him in. Most boys have to bc broken
in at some time. The soouer it is
done the better it is for them.-Kath?
rine Advocate.
Item six of Senator Hill's will reads
as follows : 'I now give aud bequeath
to my wife and children that which
some of them now possess, and which I
assure them, in full view of death is
far richer than gold and more to be de?
sired than all human honors. God is a
living God, and Christ came into the
world to save sinners. I beg them to
have faith in Jesus, for by this faith
alone can they be saved.
A young man with one eye met a
poorly clad and woe-begone girl on a
wharf in Baltimore. He kindly asked
her what was the matter. She hesitated,
and then, being urged to speak out,
said that a clairvoyant had told her to
go to that spot at that time, to meet a
one-eyed stranger, who would ask her
to marry him which she would consent
to do, and long happiness would ensue
for both. Of course he could not
doubt her story, for was he not there
with his single eye ? He made the pro?
posal of marriage, and the next day the
wedding was held. I
Address .of i?the. State ..Democi
?OoihmUt?fcifetiie P?ople^oktl
' * State. - :: ? m
ROOMS OF THE
STATE DEM. EXECUTIVE COMMUTE
j COLUMBIANS. C., Aug. 15,188%
I Fellow-citizens: The candidates n
inated tr- the State Democratic Con'
tion at Columbia are worthy of
support of the-whole people. No -o
political body will','or can, preset
you candidates for State offices
have equal claims to your confide)
The Democracy of South Carolina I
receivedthe norn matrons with' unf?i
ed satisfaction, and are determined
elect their candidates. It will be
unmixed blessing to the State, h
ever, if there shall be a truce to
political strife, and honest men, ^
holiest pacp.ose and "wi tb eut regard
their political associations ra the "p
unite in voting;, for' the upright, cap;
and faithful candidates who are' now
fore the people. The Democracy c
not be expected to continue to 1
themselves down with taxation for
benefit of their former: opponents,
these persist in preferring polit
tramps or imported vagabonds to Cc
linians of proved worth and ackno
edged merit.
The principles declared by the Si
Convention as formulating the obj(
and intentions of the Democratic pa
are intelligible, liberal and progressi
They look to the. preservation of Hot;
Home Rule as the paramount'need'
good citizes bf every condition in 1
and they pledge to all the people
just administration of equal laws, s
economy with efficiency in the cond
of the Government. In the broa<
arena of National affairs the South C
olina Democracy stand pledged to 1
reform of the tariff system, so as to 1
sen the burdens on the people, and
the reform of the civil service as
means of purifying politics. When I
political workers shall no longer hav<
hundred thousand Federal offices a?
lure and bait for their hungry depc
dents, the power of combinations of u
scrupulous politicians will assuredly
broken, and for every candidate, witt
his party, there will be a iair field a
no favor. The Democracy derna
likewise that the Federal Governmer
by liberal appropriations from the tre?
ury for educational purposes, help ti
Southern States to convert the prese
and rising generation of freedmen in
intelligent and responsible citizens,
all things the South Carolina Demo
racy solemnly bind themselves, befo
their fellow-countrymen, to pursue th
public policy which will make tl
whole people content, by securing thc
rights, guarding their privileges ar
fosteriog their growing prosperity.
The State Executive Committee r
mind their Democratic feliow-citizei
that, while the control of South Carol
na has been won by the party, ar
with that control has come the intell
gent administration of government
affairs and peace in every Ca roi ir
home, the power of the Democracy ca
only be maintained aud consolidated t
eternal vigilance and untiring effor
The Democracy are not so strong th;
they. can afford to disagree or divid?
Disunion now would be as perilous i
in the historic campaign six years ag<
when the State was wrested from *tt
grasp .of;' the ignorant and corrop
Toleration there should be within tb
party lines. There is ample scope an
verge there for the assertion of indivic
ual views and opinions. But those wh
abandon the party or oppose it, becam
the measures they prefer have not bee
adopted, make themselves the enemk
? of good government, whether the
choose to masquerade as Independen!
or boldly flaunt the black flag of th
, Republican party. Political solidarit
is as important as ever before, au
there is less, excuse than in any prc
! vioas canvass for discontent and deser
I tion. Opposition to the Democrat!
I candidates and the Democratic platform
I in this campaign, must be taken as proc
J of iuvi'ncib?e ignorance, or of greed an'
I ambition that would sacrifice the bright
I est hopes of the State for the gratifica
I tion personal desires.
The State Committee earnestly urg<
I their fellow-Democrats to exert them
selves to the utmost to bring out a ful
vote, and to spare no pains to swell th*
ranks of the colored Democracy. Bj
well-considered laws, repeating an(
ballot-box stuffing are alike guard ec
against. The Democracy, therefore
can go into the canvass with the assur?
ance that the strength of the oppositicr.
will not be increased by trickery oi
fraud, and with the satisfaction oi
knowing that, in South Carolina, there
shall be, beyond dispute, a free anc
fair election. By personal exertiou, ic
exhibiting and explaining to individua":
voters thc benefits and blessing of Dem
ocratic rule, thc Democracy can com
mand thc intelligent support and con?
tinuing co-operation of the colored
people. To this end no labor, no per?
suasion, no argument should be spared.
So will the Democracy be proud of the
triumph thev shall enjoy, as the lawful
and legitimate result of just administra?
tion, wise nominations, liberal princi?
ples, and systematic a?d unflagging
work. This we owe to the State, and
we owe it to the traditions of the mas?
ter-race to which wc belong. Victory
wc must have ; and Honor with vic?
tory.
JAMES F. IZLAR, Chairman.
G. D. BRYAN, WM. MUNRO,
J. OTEY REED, R. P. TODD,
G. W. CROFT, WILIE JONES.
JNO. B. ERWIN, GILES J. PATTERSON,
D. P. SOJOURNER, T. STOEO FARROW,
C. J. C. HIXSON, JNO. W. WILLIAMS,
E. B GARV, J. F. RHAME,
GEO. JOHNSTONE, J. D. MCLUCAS,
E B. MURRAY, WM. ELLIOTT,
C. S. SINKLER, Jos. II. EARLE,
F. W. DAWSON.
The most beautiful girl at Newport
this year, and in the opinion of many
connoisseurs of beauty, the loveliest
woman in America, is Miss Amelia
Rives, daughter of Col. Alfred Rives,
of Virginia, now a resident of Mobile.
Miss Rives is au artist of rare merit,
and to phenomenal beauty adds a bril?
liant and cultured mind. The South
has no fairer or more worthy represen?
tative this year at the Northern water?
ing places.
-^Omm-- * t -i
Fasting without alms-giving is a lamp
, without oil.-St. Augustine.
A Modern Miracle.
Teaching tho Bnmb to Speak and the
Deaf to Hear.
Th? Lecture of Professor Walkerlqf the
Cedar Springs' Asylum before the
Teachers'* Institute at Columbia. ;
[Special to the $ews and Courier.] '
COLUMBIA, August 22.-One of the
most interesting exhibitions ever given
in Columbia took place this even i og at
the Opera House. .The house was well
filled and the members of the Normal
Institute, for whose pleasure and in?
struction the exhibition was given, were
out in full force. Theprogramme con?
sisted of a very interesting lecture by
Prof. F. N; - Walker, of thc Cedar
Springs Asylum, on deaf-mutes as a
class and of their education in general,
and of ? practical exemplification of thc
method of teaching the deaf and dumb
to speak and to read the speech of oth?
ers, from the movement of the vocal or?
gans/' This method of teaching visible
speech was adapted in the Cedar Springs
School two years ago, aud has been
pursued with encouraging results.
This department is in charge of Miss
Ballard, who, with one of her pupils,
assisted Prof. Walker in his exhibition
to-night.:
In his lecture Professor Walker de?
scribed some of the characteristics of the
deaf mutes, spoke of their unfortunate
condition and the interest which has at
last been excited in their behalf, there
being an increasing number of those
who regard the special work of their ad?
vancement in moral and intellectual cul?
ture as affording a field of effort second
to none io the great and noble mission
of humanity. Nc systematic plan for
the education of these people was adopt?
ed until 1775 in France, and in 1776
there were only three schools for the
deaf and dumb in the world. There are
now 364 institutions for their education,
with an attendance of 24,862 pupils.
In this country the art of deaf-mute in?
struction has reached its highest de?
velopment. The pioneer in this move?
ment was Dr. Galludet, who began his
labors in 1815. There are now 56 in- j
stitutious for the deaf and dumb in the |
United States, with 7,019 p'upils in at- !
tendance in 1881, and 444 teachers, j
The majority , of these institutions are
under the control of the State and con- J
stitute a part of the common school sys?
tem of the country, and are therefore,
schools and not asylums.
In teaching the deaf and dum there
are two distinct systems : the French
system or the language of signs, of
which the Abbe de L'Epee was the
founder, and the German system, found?
ed by Hcinicke, who maintained that
since even the deaf mute must think in
the forms of our language he should be
taught to think in words, and hence
should he taught to speak. De I/Epee I
regarded the sign language as the true
basis of instruction ; Heinicke urged the
great superiority of articulation-both
agreed that the education of the deaf
mute must depend upon the formation
of language, and that only through the
language of words could he receive and
make bis own the knowledge that was
sought tOjbe imparted to him. For fifty
years the French system prevailed in
this country, but the best features of the
two systems have been combined, and
we now have a system that may be con?
sidered characteristically national.
A new impetus has been recently
given to the teaching of articulation by
means of an invention by Prof. Bell |
called 'Visible speech,' which is a new
species of phonetic writing based not
upon sounds but upon the actions of the
vecal organs in producing sounds. The
plan was orginated more than a quar?
ter of a century ago, the idea being to
represent the sonnds of all languages
by means of one alphabet, the charac?
ters of which should reveal to the eye
the organic foundation of the sounds. |
In 1864 the plan took definite shape !
and a scheme of letters was produced j
which claimed to be so perfect as to re?
present 'any sound thc human mouth
could utter.' After the most searching
tests it was abundantly proved, first,
that the sounds of any language could !
be written by means of visible speech,
asid second, that a person unacquainted
with a language could pronounce it at
sight, with vernacular correctness,
The elementary lines and curves form?
ing these symbols are pictorial of parts
while deducing his pronunciation sole?
ly from the physiological symbols,
of the mouth* and are capable of being
grouped together into a com pound form,
just as the various parts of the mouth
arc arranged in uttering a sound, and
any sound made by the human voice
can be represented so that another per- [
son is directed how to utter it.
Prof. Walk er claims that if children
in primary schools were exercised on
the complete gamut of speech sounds by
means of symbols, it would not only be
possible to impart to them a uniform and
standard pronunciation, but they would
be eminently qualified for the study of
foreign languages; and teachers; if in?
structed in the correct actions of the
vocal organs, would be able to correct
in the bud all the various forms
of defective speech. Defective or
peculiar articulation results from the
fact that speech is ordinarily acquired
by imitation. Stammering and many j
other forms of defective speech aud all |
dialectic peculiarities are perpetuated
by imitation. The first attempt at
teaching articulation to those whose ears
are closed to souuds was made in Eng?
land in 1809, and now the use of 'Vis?
ible speech' as an aid in the work of
articulation to deaf mutes is being ful?
ly tetesd in most of thc State institu
tutions in tins country. This system
of instruction ruu.st take a prominent
place: in the ttaiuing of deaf mutes in
the future.
After concluding his lecture Prof.
Waiker assisted by Miss Ballard ex?
plained by illustrations ou a blackboard
what is meant by visible speech and
thc method of imparting instruction to
children Netticitogcrs, a bright child
of about ten summers, and a congenital
deaf mute was exercised in lip-reading,
the sign manual and in articulating
words written in the symbolical ""larac
ters which expressed the different oper?
ations of the vocal organs. Her arti?
culation was quite clear and distinct, i
Thc performance was really wonderful
and the exhibition was witnessed with j
almost breathless interest by the large j
cultured audience. J. C. II. '
Sundry Humbugs.
A GREAT IMPROVEMENT IN COTTON.
The wonders of plant life are by no
means confined to the cooler regions of
the north, where self-pruning grape- ?
vines, strawberries which grow on !
shrubs like raspberies, and peaches
that are, by being budded, (or grafted,
we have forgotton which) on the French
Willow, free from yellows, and all
other diseases, are offered to the credu?
lous. Now that the most valuable |
plant, the Cotton, presents itself in new j
and remarkable forms. In August, 1881,
upon the authority of the United Stales j
officials, we informed our many readers
ia the cotton-growing States against a
so-called
'WORM-PROOF HTS RID COTTON.'
the seeds of which were being sold io I
Louisiana at 3C cents each, but less
by the dozen. It was claioicd that
this cotton was the result of a hybrid be?
tween common cotton and 'a weed which j
no worm or bug would touch.' On j
general principles wc pronounced this I
'Worm-Proof Hybrid Cotton' to be aj
thing to be avoided. We were threat- j
ened by this weed and cotton hybridi- j
zer with a suit for damages, and a lady
wrote us a long and very-well, say
earnest-letter about our being opposed
to improvement in the South. Thus
far we have not been called into court ?
for the alleged libel. But this 'Worm- I
Proof Hybrid Cotton' is nothing to
ANOTHER 'HYDRID COTTON,'
which is at once so much more hybrid
and so much more cotton than thc Louis?
iana thing, that that should retire from
the field at once. A subscriber in
Texas sends us the circular of this cot?
ton, and asks us for information about
it. This new cotton is not a product of
Louisiana, but of Georgia. We are
told : 'It was produced by hybridization
of the wild cotton which grows along
the low lands and banks of the Caloos
ahatchie river ?D Florida, with the com?
mon okra of our vegetable gardens.' j
The cotton and the okra belong to the j
same natural order of plants, j
and while we can not say
that they will not hybridize we
cannot say that they will. It is like?
ly that cotton has escaped from cultiva?
tion in some parts of Florida, but why
start with this half wild plant ? Where
is the Caloosahatchie river? It caD not
be a very important stream, as neither
of our three Gazetteers mention it.
But to this
WONDERFUL COTTON PLANT.
the account of which will be so interest?
ing to our many readers in the cotton
growing States, that we give it in full
This is not from the announcement of
of one who has seeds to sell, but,
strangely enough, from an editorial in j
a Georgia paper. We read :
'It grows to the hight of two feet j
and has one beautiful bloom at the j
top, which resembles the magnolia
flower in appearance, size, and odor.
The blooms remain white for two days,
and then, beginning with a delicate
pink, gradually change to a dark red
when they drop off, and then appears a
most wonderful boll. For a week this
boll resembles that of the ordinary cot?
ton, and then continues to grow until it
reaches the size of a gallon tin bucket
'The lint then begins to grow, but
is held in place by the long, okra-like
points. When fully matured, more of
it can be picked by a common hand in
one day than six hands can pick of
ordinary cotton.
'The lint has no seed and hence the
ginning-is dispensed with. The bolls
produce from one and a half to two
pounds of fine, long staple cottoi. In
the bottom of the boll from four to six
seed resembling persimmon seed are
found.'
There you have it ! Such wonderful
flowers which so to speak, 'knock the
spots out of either okra or cotton !
But what is the flower to thc fruit
What are the miserable .common bolls
to-one 'the size of a gallon tin bucket!'
We always like definite descriptions j
and are glad that thc bucket is a 'tin' I
one ! When one describes such remark?
able plants, be should not go too close- ?
ly into particulars.-American Agri?
culturist for September.
Drunk on the GaUows.
A despatch from San Antonio, Texas, j
dated August 21st, says :
Charles Ward, a mulatto, was hang?
ed in Bexar County jail at uoon to?
day, for an assault committed on Miss
Dora Ellerman, white, aged 22, ou
Aug. 31st, 1881. Miss Ellerman was
walking alone in the suburbs, when j
Ward sprang upon her. He was ar- I
rested soon afterward. Ward seemed
resigned to his fate. He slept nearly |
all night, ate a hearty breakfast at 10 ?
this morning, prayed with a Methodist j
clergyman, then said he felt nervous, j
and asked for whiskey, which was j
given him. When he appeared on the !
scaffold he was drunk. He was of ;
powerful frame, but had only one leg, j
and was therefore supported by a crutch, j
He asked : 'Will this thing go off all j
right?' Having been assured that sat
isfactory experiments had been made I
with the trap, and that he would fall j
over five feet, he shrugged his shoulders |
and ejaculated 'Umph !' He made a j
rambling speech on the scaffold, deny- j
ing his guilt, but said that he deserved j
the punishment.
At this point there were signs of j
impatience, whereupon Ward said, j
'Are you in a hurry ?' He closed his |
speech by saying that he trusted all j
were satified, and that he wished the
Lord might bless them and bring them
luck.
A colored man asked him to explain !
what he meaut by saying that he de- j
served the punishment. Ward said j
that as he had no witness to prove his j
previous relations with the prosecutrix
? he deserved the punishment.
! The culprit was then conducted to ;
i the centre of thc scaffold and the rope j
j was adjusted. He then said 'Good-by' j
to all, and several shouted back "Good- j
by.' At 12:21 the trap was sprung, j
and the body fell with a thud. At
12:26J the doctors ponounccd lifo ex?
tinct. ~ Thc body was allowdcd to hang
twenty-five minutes. Then it was cut
: down and placed in a common wood
shell. The appearance of the face was j
such as indicated a quick and compara- J
tively painless death. Thc body was j
borne from the jail by colored friends. '
The Petroleum Trade.
This trade, now so immense, bad
originally a very small beginning.
Many years ago it was the custom to
spread blankets on Oil Creek to
absorb petroleum or Seneca oil, as it
was then called, and then wring it
out, to be used for healing cuts and
sprains, and was applied to both men
and horses. In the days when lum?
ber was rafted in very large quanti?
ties down the Alleghena River to this
city, it was not an unusual thing for
some of the men to bring along a
five-gallon keg filled with this article
and sell it to druggist who put it up
in small bottles and then sold it at
twenty-five cents per bottle. About
1850 the late Mr. Samuel Kier dis?
covered petroleum in his salt wells,
near Tarcntum, in Allegheny County.
He sold it at first in small bottles for
the healing of cuts, sprains, and
sores, and even for using as an inter?
nal medicine, and afterwards in cans
for lighting purposes. Mr. 0. EL P.
Williams, now living at Sewickley,
Pa., and with impaired health, has
always insisted that he put down the
first oil well. Iii 1859 Colonel Drake
erected the first derrick for boring oil
wells, on. what are known as", the
Watson Flats, above the confluence
of the east and west branches of Oil
Creek, and on August 28,1859, at the
depth of only 09 1-2 feet struck oil.
A writer in the New York Tribune
says : 'In that year 2,000 barrels of
oil were produced, and it was sold or
held at $20 a barrel. In the the fol?
lowing year the production increased
to 500,000 barrels, but not much over
one-half of this was consumed. It
was not then used for purposes of
illumination, and the market was
overstocked, and before the end of
the year oil sold for 49 cents a barrel,
which was the average figurein 1861,
a price nearer that of to-day than in
any year since. The uses as well as
the production of oil rapidly increas?
ed uutil last year the production
reached 26,950,813 barrels. Since
the first oil well was opened in 1859
the outcome of the wells has added
$1,500,000,000 to the wealth of the
United States in the value of the
crude oil and its products. To-day
the product of these wells lights the
cathedrals of Europe,, the mosques of
Asia, the pagodas of Japan, aud even
the huts on Africa's sunny soil. Its
exports are over one million gallons a
day. In 1881 the value of thc ex?
ports of petroleum and its products
was $40,315,609, which was greater
than that of tobacco, wooden ware,
iron and steel manufactures, or live
animals, and second only to cotton
and cereals. Its home consumption
has also increased in proportion,
while as a speculative medium it
holds the front rank. Oil exchanges
have been formed io Titusville, Oil
City, Bradford, Pittsburgh, New
York, Philadelphia, and Warren.
The sales in these exchanges have
amounted to 10,000,000 barrels in
one day, while the production is only
80,000 barrels. The consumption of
oil is constantly increasing, and it is
estimated that the present low price
will have a good effect by stimula?
ting some genius to find a way to use
it advantageously as fuel in steam
engines and to increase its uses in
other ways. The dialy consumion
of oil it is estimated will rerch 71,000
gallons, but the production is now
80,000 barrels a day and there is
about 30,000,000 barrels on hand.
When the consumption catches up to
the production there will be rejoicing
in the hearts of the oil-producers.
The export trade, however, is
rapidly increasing. In the first
five months this year the foreign
demand was 158,630,482 gallons as
compared with 123,407,242 in the
same time last year. China, Japan,
British East Indies, Dutch East Indies,
England and Germany, have largely
increased their demand for the pro?
duct. Large oil-fields have been dis?
covered in Germany and Russia, but
the oil is not of so good.a quality as
the American oil, and these foreign
fields have not yet been developed to
any great extent, though it is believ?
ed that there is a great future before
them.-'
Eow Artificial Teeth are
Made.
The manufacture of teeth is a large
industry. There are now twelve manu?
factories of artificial teeth that produce
every year 10,000,000 teeth, or one to
every five persons in the United States.
Half this are made by one firm, founded
in 1814. The materials used are feld?
spar, kaolin aud rock crystal. The col?
oring is platioum, titantium and g?ld.
The feld-spar and crystal are submitted
to red heat and thrown into cold water.
They are then ground in water until fine
enough to float. Combined with the
coloring, they are subjected to intense
furnace heat in molds of brass, which
are iu two pieces, each holding one-half
of the tooth. The process is delicate,
and bas many interesting details. In
the earlier history of the art, dentists
carved the teeth which their customers
demanded, and apprentices were often
made useful in that way. The amount
of gold used annually io filling teeth is
$500,000 dollars. Lead was used from
1778 to 1833. There are dentists in
New York who give, or say they give
diamond fillings, and in Paris they ad?
vertise to use diamond pivots and emer?
ald plugs. Tbe filling of teeth is great?
ly aided by labor-saving machinery and
cunningly wrought tools. This coun?
try makes dental instruments for the
world where dentistry is known. An
ordinary outfit of instruments costs ?500.
Be not dishertcned, as if comfort
would not come at all, because it comes
not all at once ; but patiently attend
God's leisure ; they arc not styled the
swift, but 'the sure mercies of David.'
Be assured when grace patiently leads
thc front, glory at last will he iu thc
rear.-Faller.
Senator Hampton having fully deter?
mined not to serve another term in the
United States Senate, the question is
beginning to be asked, who will be his
successor ?
W ? bill SS \xTU?i XJJ? X XM??.
[From our Regular Correspondent.]
WASHINGTON, B.C., Aug. 19,1882.
People away from Washington are apt
to think this a very doll season with us,
but the National capitol is never dull,
and if we who really live here did not
have a breathing spell after the wisdom
that dropped around us by the solons of
our nation, and the filibustering and
parliamentary tacties endured for over
eight months, there is no knowing what
the consequences might be.
Secretaries, Lincoln and Teller have
made it lively here by their action ex?
cluding women from obtaining appoint?
ments in their departments, in the eight
hundred appointments to be made.
Consequently thc women have donned
their war paint and organized a Wo?
men's National Labor League for the
purpose of concentrating the working
women's influence through thc country,
and members and Senators are threat?
ened with the exposure of the names
and characters of some of their special
favoiites appointed here.
The Star Boute trial still drags its
winding way, and it is apt to be very
confusing to the average brain, when
the thermometer is fooling among the
nineties, to read one paper and have it
conclusively proved that the other side
are all liars, thieves, robbers and, other
cheerful members of society, and then
read another one and become impressed
that it was the other side again that de?
served the chromo in the above charac?
ters...
There are still a few members of the
House and Senate that walk around the
deserted halls of the capitol.
You may break, you may scatter our Con?
gress if you will,
But a ghost of a few will linger herc still.
Mrs. Garfield has presented the Ohio
State Association- with a hundred year
lease of the house owned by the late
President and in which "he -lived until
taking possession of th? White House,
to be known as thc Garfield House.
The house in question is in one of the
best and most valuable portions of the
city-a plain, but substantial double
house with a pretty yard at the . side.
Siuce his death it has' had a sad rook;
as if the grief of the country was felt
even by the inanimate walls where the
happy family so long resided, not allow?
ing the turmoil of public life to break in?
to the sancitity of home. Col. A. P
Rockwell, commissioner of public
grounds, who was the warm loving friend
of the late President, is often seen stroll?
ing by the deserted house "in the gloam?
ing" and leaning sadly over the little
fence-railing.
The comedy and tragedy of life is
more forcibly illustrated here in Wash?
ington than, perhaps in any other city.
The house formerly occupied by Belk
nap, when Secretary of War, where his
lovely fascinating wife reigned queen
and gave some of the most brilliant re?
ceptions ever given, to which the lead?
ing people of the country fought for in?
vitations, is now to fall into the ranks of
boarding houses, and the dining-room,
filled with the recollections of superb
lunches, aesthetic dinners, with ghosts
of brave men and beautiful women, will
now resound with the cries of the hun?
gry boarder for more hash, and more
substance to his soup. It is the com?
mon fate of most of the bouses, cele?
brated in times past, to end up in the
inevitable boarding bouse. The hand?
some house of Chief Justice Chase,
where Kate Chase Sprague so graceful?
ly presided, is now the refuge of any
one who can pay a monthly room rent,
and has even gone through the mortifi?
cation of having the gas turned off for
non-payment. To what uses do great
houses come at last ! Your correspondent
is writing his lettter in thc room former?
ly occupied by Bob Toombs and Alex?
ander Stephens. C. A. S.
A Negro Conspiracy in Ala?
bama.
MOBILE, ALA August 21 -In Choc?
taw County, Alabama, the 15th instant,
a bundle of papers disclosing a well or?
ganized plot arno ? the negroes to kill
the entire white pulation of that Coun?
ty was found near one of their rendez?
vous by -wo gentlemen. The matter
was laid before the Solicitor on Wed?
nesday, the 16th. A quiet meeting of
citizens of Mount Sterling and Butler
was called at Butler to consider thc best
mode of suppressing the intended out?
break and massacre. After discussion
it was agreed that the following ring?
leaders-Jack Turner, F. D. Barney,
Jesse Wilson, Peter Hill, Willis Ly?
man, Aaron Scott and Range West-to
whom had been assigned the duties of
leading fquads to Butler, Mount Sterl?
ing, De Sotoville and other places, and
killing all the whites at each place,
should be arrested and lodged in jail.
Their arrest was effected on Thursday,
the 17th instant, without disturbance or
blood-shed. The same day a mass
meeting of citizens of all classes was
called for Saturday to decide the fate of
the prisoners. The plot has been in
existence since 1878, aud the conspira
tors now number 400. They have
powder, shot and guns. They think
themselves sufficiently strong to accom?
plish their fiendish design. Sunday
night, the 17th of September, had been
accomplished as the date for its consum?
mation. The papers further showed
that this day was selected because then
the white people would be at a camp
meeting unarmed and could offer no re?
sistance. The meeting called for Satur?
day brought together about 700, among
whom were about 150 negroes, who,
after hearing the papers read, by
an almost unanimous vote decided that
Jack Turner was a turbulent and dange?
rous character, a regular. fire-brand in
thc community, and that thc public de?
manded his immediate death. He was
accordingly hung at about 1.15 P. M.,
in thc presence of the assembled multi?
tude. The crowd dispersed and all signs
of disturbance ceased. Everything was
quiet Saturday. The other prisoners
arc still in jail to await further develop?
ments.
Do not spend your time in talking
scandal ; you sink your own moral na?
ture by so doing, and you are, perhaps,
doing great injustice to those about
whom you talk. You perhaps, do not
understand, or would, doubtless, bc
more lenient.
i nairn irwine xer uu nib.
A cow poiry, that looked very much'
as if it was far gone in consumption;
was tied to a lamp post, and standing
on the sidewalk in front bf Mose
Schumburg's emporium, ou Austin
avenue. The colored porter came
out, and seeing the pony tied to the
lamp-post, and old Uncle Mose lean?
ing against it, said banteringly :
'Look heah, ole man, jess you un?
hitch dat ar crowbait from ?ffen datar
lamp-pos'."
'1 ain't gwine ter do lilt' said Un?
cle Mose, sullenly.
'Why don't yer hire a cart/ con?
tinued the colored porter, 'and bab
him moved out inter de mosquite
bushes whar de buzzards kin hold a
convention on de ole bag ob bones?
Ontie ycr hoss, ole man, hit am agin
de law ter tie bosses to the lamp
postseses.'
'I hain't gwine ter do bit/ replied
o?d Mose.
" 'PH see about dat ar,' responded*
the colored porter, so be went in and
told the clerk, who come out, and
said :
'Look here, uncle, you will have to*
mfgre that horse. He draws flies; anet
besides, he may fall down on some?
body and break some customer in
two. You will be fined if you lie
your horse to a lamp post. Unhitch
him right off."
'I hain't gwine ter do hit.'
'You ain't ?-well, PH show you;'
so the clerk went in and told Mose
Schumburg, himself, that a sassy nig?
ger had tied his horse to the lamp
post, and cash customers were afraid
of being kicked, and were doing their
trading at the other stores.
Schaumburg came out in his shirt?
sleeves, with a yard-stick in his hand,
and said coaxiugly lo old Mose, with
a genial smile :
'Mine fren, vere you gets dot fine
plooded animal ? 1 visa you vould
do me the favor to move him avay
mine door pefore.'
'I hain't gwine ter do hit."
'I dells you vat,' urged Schaum?
burg, 'ven you dakes dat horse right
off some of dese fine days don't you
forget it, I makes you a splendid
Christmas present of a pair of nish
:iew suspenders, by shimmy grashus.'
'I done tole yer, I ain't gwine ter
do hit.'
Then Schaumburg lost control of
himself. Before anybody could pre?
vent 1 im, he ran his hand into his Lip
.pockel. Old Uncle Mose's eyes be?
gan lo stick out, and hislegs to wab?
ble about, when Schaumburg drew
forth, n ot a pistol, but a police whistle,
upon wlrch be began to improvise a
lively tune!"
About forty men, supposing a fight
was going on, poured out of a neigh?
boring saloon like bees out of a hive.
The gentlemen who satin front ot the
Brunswick hotel, and Squirt tobacco
juice on the sidewalk, ;went - on JioG^*
doublequick to where*** Schaumburg
was still engaged on his solo. There
were men in. the crowd wffcfr-Howela
about their necks and lather on^one^.
side of their faces. Upwards of two
hundred excited men were gathered
around Schaumburg and Uncle Mose,
the former still playing on his wind
instrument, while the shy old nigger
was holding his hand to his ear, and
his head on one side, as if Schaum?
burg intended the musical perform*
ance for the special amusement of the
aged African. Everybody in town/
except the police, seemed to be there,'
and everybody suspected Uncle Mp?e
of some horrible crime.
Finally two policemen in Uniform'
pushed their w iy through the crowd,"
and with drawn revolvere wanted . to
knew w hat was the cause of the riot.
Schaumburg brought his concert to.? :
close, and pointing to Uucle Mose,
said :
'He vou't dake his old hoia?-iron**"*-'
dot lamp post avay.' .
*I hain't gwine to do hit,' said Un?
cle Mose solemnly.'
'Uncle Mose, why don't you untie
that horse and lead him off?' asked a
friendly voice in the crowd.
'Because dat ar hoss don't" belong
ter me I hain't gwiue to untie and
lead off a hoss I neber seed before,
l'se seed too many men in Texas tied
up so dar feet didn't reach de ground
for foolin' wid bosses what didn't be-'
long to 'em.'
There was a roar from the crowd.
.Why didn't yon say before that it
wasn't your horse V asked the indig?
nant policeman.
'Bekase nobody asked me.'
The crowd began to disperse good
humorcdly. notwithstanding the voice
of Schaumburg could be heard seve?
ral blocks off, like the voice of one
crying in the windcrness : 'Shentte
I mens, don't tear yourselves avay:
Choost valk right in and inspect my
new stock of schentlemanly under-'
wear, shoes, boots, bats, which vas
being given away to make room for
new goofs,'-[Texas Siftings.
An Affecting Scene.
Sometimes thc little ones say the best
things after all. There is a family in
Detroit who are heart-broken and
sad this night. There were three
a few days ago, but to-day only two aro
left. The tie that bound them more
close than that which the clergyman' ^_
drew has lately been loosed aud the''
light of their countenance went out with
the descending sun only the other night.
The father is a railroad man, whose du?
ties call him away from home nearly
three-fourths of the time. It was his'
habit whenever he was about to start'
for his home to telegraph his wife ap?
prising her of the fact. In these tele?
grams he never failed to mention the
name of the little four-year-old, and the'
dispatches usually ran as follows : 'Tell
Arthur I shall sleep with him to-night.*
The baby boy was very proud of these
telegrams, which his mother would read,
to him, and he considered the 'tcledraf
a great institution. The other night
when the fever had done its work, and
the mother was sobbing out her an?
guish, the little One turned calmly in?
nis bed and said : 'Dont ky, mamma,
I shall sleep wiv God 'oo know. Send
Dod a teledraf and tell him Ashall sleep'
wiv him to-night.' But the message
went straight up there without the click?
ing of the wires or the rustling of wings.