Newspaper Page Text
6 r A White Terror of the North Atlantic bv the National Geographic Society Wa-shinirton. D. C.) (WNU Service.) ICEBERGS, the white terrors of the North Atlantic ship lanes, are on their annual migration from the Arctic to their doom in the warm waters of the gulf stream. Al ready North Atlantic traffic lanes have been moved GO miles south ward by order of the ice patrol which reports thnt some 350 bergs will move southward during the 1032 Ice season of April, May and June. Icebergs have always been the dread of transatlantic navigators. They drift hither and yon. They give no warning of their presence. They are propelled now by ocean currents, now by tides, and now by winds and waves. Fog is their con slant companion. A vessel speeding through an area Infested with moving ice. during night or in fog. plays a game of chance. Even on a starlit night a berg cannot lie seen beyond a halt mile; but when the position of the ice is known to the navigator, the danger is eliminated; he can alter his course to avoid the menace. The Ice comes down every-year, as it has for centuries; but now every berg that follows the eastern edge of the Grand Banks into the steamer lanes is kept under surveil lance by the International ice pa trol. From this service navigators can learn the answer to the ques’ tion which each asks: "Where l« the ice?” Not a single ship has been lost through collision with an Iceberg since the patrol was Inaugurated. Greenland’s “icy mountains” alone are the source of the Icebergs that come as far south ns the steamer lanes. Journeying about 1.800 miles —approximately the distance from Washington. D. C.. to Denver —be- fore they become “white specters' to shipping. With the exception of a small strip of coast line. Greenland is completely covered with a vast Ice cap. Its estimated thickness is 5.000 feet. Always the ice mantle is moving • down the slope of the land toward the sea. in great glaciers pushing out through the valleys. As the ice i reaches the seas it noses out into the water until buoyancy lifts it up, and then the front of the glacier breaks off at a weak spot. There is a deafening roar and a thunderous crash, and with a tidal splash the glacial fragment plunges * heavily into the sea. almost sub merging. The water is churned into creamy waves as the newborn berg shakes off the sea, regains its equi librium. and settles itself comfort ably for a long journey southward. Come From Greenland. There are eight principal berg producing glaciers in Greenland. The worst offenders are those of Disko bay. Jakobshaven. and Tor sukatak, Karajak, and Umanak on the west coast. Bergs are discharged in vast numbers from these and other Greenland fiords. Yet few come south of Newfoundland. Many are too small to last long. Only the fittest survive the huf fetings of the sea, to be carried south on the flow of the Labrador cur rent and along the eastern edge of the banks of the gulf stream. This warm current gives them short shrift; but until they have dwindled to the size of an ample library desk they are capable of staving in aves sel's plates. The Labrador current, although a danger carrier, has its usefulness. It teems with all kinds of marine .life, affording breeding and feeding grounds for our best food fish. The berg danger period coincides , with the heavy flow period of the Labrador current each year—that is. from March 1 to July 1. It is during thiis period that the cutters patrol the ice-endangered areas. Two cutters are assigned to the . ,Jce patrol, with a third cutter held .In reserve. The cutter on duty is a busy place every day. To carry . out the orders, “to locate the ice bergs and ice fields nearest the transatlantic steamship lanes and to determine the southerly, easterly |( and westerly limits of the ice as it , moves to the southward, and keep . track of ail fee -ecu or reported.’’ is not an easy task. t , The oceanographer's day begins before tlie break of dawn, because he must get star sights for position if the fog permits, the first of the series to be made and checked aii during the day. At six o’clock the first ice broad cast goes out to the ships with mod ’ hrn equipment : “I’atrol vessel near two bergs—latitude, 42 degrees 3U minutes; longitude, 48 degrees 30 minutes; set and drift. ISO degrees five-tenths of a knot per hour; foggy, smooth sea.” Added to this f will be the position of perhaps twen -3 ty other bergs. l The set and drift data enable the s ship navigators to know that the • two bergs, which are the two south s ernmost. are coming south at the - speed given. I rotation of corn, oats, wheat, hay. ? The oceanographer notices, while ? plotting the water temperature, re- | 1 ports from ship thnt their present j course might carry them close to a ! ? number of dangerous bergs. An ice . warning is immediately dispatched, which the vessels acknowledge with . thanks. The vessels alter their s courses to clear the Ice. On the great steamer lane be tween Europe and America liners, cargo carriers, and tramps pass con i stantly. It is an avenue of the sea : just as much ns Michigan boulevard or Fifth avenue Is a heavy traffic [ street. On vvlmt Is known as the “westbound tracks” are the ships ■ coming from Europe, and on the “eastbound tracks." GO miles south, are the ships going to Europe. All vessels off the tracks are re ported for violation of the rules. A vessel off the track is Just as dan gerous as an iceberg or a derelict. The ice patrol cutter stands as a trallic oflicer on the avenue of the sea. If the Ice threatens blockage, the cutter sets the stop sign and turns traffic into a “side street" detour to the south. Three separate charts are plotted recording the ship's ice and water temperatures. The latter is very important, because by using from j 900 to 1,300 messages in 13 days one j can locate The “cold wall.” the line i of demarcation between the gulf stream water and the cold Labrador j current water. The Danger Line. This line is the danger line, be cause icebergs that are perils to shipping seldom cross it. The loca- ! tion of if at the beginning of the ' season is an index to the severity of j | conditions to be expected. A berg that crosses the line com mits quick suicide, for water of 55 to GO degrees melts ice very rapidly. The cold wall is easy to see. j North of it the ocean is a beautiful olive green, south of it the water is Indigo blue. The higher content of microscopic marine life gives the I Labrador current Its olive-green tone. The prow of a cutter can be In green water of 40 degrees Fahren heit. the stern in warm blue wa ter that registers 60 degrees. The crew may swim in tropical tem peratured water, while half a mile away to the north floats a large Ice berg, drifting in cold water. As a boat approaches a floating ice Island a sizzling sound becomes audible. Close attention shows that this comes from small pieces of Ice slipping off into the sea. Unlike or dinary lee lumps, the pieces effer vesce. This is a peculiarity of gla cial ice. Thousands of Americans sailed to Europe last year. Few of them were aware as they retired to their state rooms at night, of what precautions were being taken for their safety. They did not know that in the radio room on the upper deck of their ships, a message from the Ice patrol was coming in. telling about fog and icebergs. Nor did they realize that their liner was reporting a coast guard cutter drifting on the Grand Banks, so that officers on the cutter could check to learn if the liner’s course was entirely clear Os danger. The Titanic catastrophe in April, 1912, shocked the entire world, and a universal demand for a patrol gave birth to the Internationa! Ice patrol. Immediately after the Tl | tanic disaster the United States I navy detailed two cruisers for ; guard duty until the last bergs dis ; appeared from the steamer lanes in late June. in the spring of 1913 two revenue cutters were detailed : to X'arry out the patrol. | During the fall of tiie same year the international conference for the safety of life at sea was convened at London, to organize this patrol on an international basis, in recog | nition of its service to ships of all nations. Representatives of the principal maritime nations of the world signed the agreement on Jan uary 20, 1914. creating the Inter national Derelict Destruction, Ice ; Observation, and Ice Ratrol *seVvice. ■ j The United States was asked to j undertake rite management of this service. This country agreed to send two vessels which would pa trol the danger zone during the ice j berg season. Each of the contract i ' ing parties consented to bear a i ; share of the cost in proportion to its ; : \ shipping tonnage. :: 11 YOUR HOME 11 and YOU j 0 By BETSY CALLISTER \ * * i ♦♦ ♦♦ THE HOME PAINTER ' I 'HE decorators had finished their job of painting walls and woodwork in two of the bedrooms and had left behind them a gallon can nearly full of wall paint and almost as much cream white paint I for wood, all of which had no doubt been charged for on the bill. It I seemed too bad to let it go to waste, so tlie housewife looked about to ; find some useful way to use it, | bought a brush, donned an old j smock and spent a day or two us ■ in> up the paint in ways that were well wortn while. So pleased was she with the result that she bought more paint to finish the good work. The landing at the top of the cellar stairs never looked very clean, no matter how often it was swept and washed, so some of the wall paint was used to give two coats to the plastered walls and ceiling there and tlie cellar stairs and tlie floor of the passageway j were also painted. Closets in the bedrooms next were improved with wall paint over the 5 (h)aritigs Notherjs Cook Book A FEW TASTY DISHES | COME one has discovered that adding a bit of vinegar, about one teaspoonful. to a pea or bean soup that seems too thin, thickens It at once and leaves no taste of vinegar. Croquettes are so much better if they are soft and creamy when, served. By adding a teaspoonful of softened gelatin to the mixture before cooling it stiffens them enough to handle, and when cooked are creamy. Dutch Sause for Fish. Take one cupful of liquid In which boiled fish has been cooked, add one cupful of milk. Melt two tablespoonfuls of butter, add two ta blespoonfuls of flour, the liquid after the’flour and butter has been mixed i a teaspoonful of lemon Juice, one half teaspoonful of salt and the ! lightly beaten yolks of the eggs care- j fully added. Fold in the stiffly beaten whites of the eggs after tak- | ing from the heat. Add a little I minced parsley, if desired. Luncheon Dish. Remove the sardines from the box neatly and entirely (if possible). Place on a platter and surround with water cress or parsley. Cut radishes into tulips with a sharp knife, rolling back the petals to make them look like the flower. Ar range these in tlie cress or parsley and serve with the sardines. The southern custom of serving a demitasse of strong coffee, ac companied by sugar to guests in the house before they came down for breakfast, is one that is being taken up by hotels and dining car service. Orange Fruit Cake. Cream one-fourth cupful of butter, add one-half of a third cupful of KITTY McKAY By Nina Wilcox Putnam The girl-friend says that to the slim all things are possible. | (©. 1932. Bel! Syndicate.) —WNU Service. THE COOLIDGE EXAMINER [ plain white plaster and the cream j colored paint left from the wood work was used for the shelves and baseboards. An excellent place to use enamel furniture paint is on tlie back of the bureaus which are usually left unfinished and which are less likely to harbor dust when painted. Old bureau drawers may also be greatly improved in this way. I Another good place to use paint is on the cement floor of your cel i lar. You may have seen cement i paint used in public garages. You will flnd that any cement surface if finished with paint will shed less dust and will be easier to clean than a cement floor left bare. Radiator paint is not hard to ap ply, and radiators become discolored very easily. If there has been a leakage of steam, then the chances are that there are marks of rust where tlie moisture has collected. <©. 1932. McCU'r- Newspaper Syndicate, i (WNU Service) Evaded Effort It’s pretty hard to get ahead of the youngsters. A teacher called for brief essays on “Tlie funniest thing ! ever saw.” One boy got through several minutes before tiie others und the teacher asked to see his effort. On his paper was writ ten: “Tiie funniest tiling I ever saw was too funny for words.”—Boston Transcript. sugar, one egg beaten light, the re maining sugar and two-thirds of a cupful of orange marmalade. Sift two cupfulsi of flour with one tea spoonful of| baking powder, one eighth teaspoonful of soda and cin namon, the same of cloves, add one third cupful each of chopped orange peel and nutmeg. Bake in one loaf about one hour. (©. 1932. Western Newspaper Union.) The Certain Thing The thing certain is that nothing is certain, and nothing is more wretched and proud than man.— I‘iiny the Elder. I Graphic Air View Shows Progress on Hoover Dam _________ 4 ’ ‘ -T < :;v* ■ x ->- \\7 IXli all indications pointing to spring floods on * * the Colorado river which will rise to higher levels than the inundation of 1906, when the river overflowed into the Coachella valley and created the now famous Salton sea, 3,200 workmen in 24-hour shifts speed against time to bring operations on Hoo ver dam. world's largest, in shape so that the mini mum setbacks will occur when flood waters pour through Boulder canyon. This remarkable air view was obtained from the ttrst plane to make the flight over the new route between Los Angeles and Salt Lake City, initiating the new air trail which will permit transcontinental passengers to view at first hand the government's operations. Activity at the present time centers on the completion of the four 56-foot diversion tunnels which will carry the river around the actual dam site bv means of two coffer dams. The coffer dams must be built between high water seasons. At present Six Companies, Inc., hold ers of the contract, are one year ahead of ihe govern ment’s schedule, and if this advantage is maintained work on pouring 1,200.000 cubic yards of earth and rock into the upper of the two coffer dams will soon get under way. The face of the first coffer dam must be covered with a 6-inch blanket of concrete before STORYS. BUSTER BEAR AND KING EAGLE QUARREL J ' I 'HAT was a royal quarrel there •*■ in the big Green Forest on the beautiful morning, and the more dreadful because of that. Quar rels are dreadful, anyway, are be tween those who are looked up to. Sammy Jay and Chatterer the Bed Squirrel are forever quarreling, and “Robber!" He Hissed as He Circled Over Buster’s Head. it is never nice to see or hear them. Hut bad as one of their quarrels is, it is nothing compared to this quar rel between Buster Hear and King Eagle. You know, once upon a ! time, long, long ago, Huster's great great-ever-so-great-grnndfather was i king of the forest, and the King Eagle’s great - great - ever - so-great grandfather was king of the air. And here their great-great-ever-so i great-grandchildren quarreling just | like # the most common of common i people. It was shocking. It would have been bad enough If j | there had been the least shadow of ; an excuse, but there wasn't. No, sir, j there wasn’t the least shadow of an I excuse. They were quarreling over ; a fish that didn’t belong to either of j them. I’lunger the Fish Hawk had I had caught it, and as he was flying j home with it King Eagle, who has a fondness for fish, had made him j drop it, and then hadn't been able | to catch it before it reached the I ground. It was just chance that ! that fish had fallen right where Bus ter bear was sitting, and so he claimed it as his own. Now King Eagle is not one to easily give up. You see, he has al -1 ways been used to having his way. j That is the way with kings. He had a very wholesome respect for IJus ; ter Bear’s great paws and claws, but j lie didn't propose to give up the fish without a struggle. “Robber!" he hissed as he circled above Buster’s head watching for a chance to dart down and tear Bus ter’s coat with his great hooked claws. “Bobber yourself!” roared Bus ter, turning so as always to face the floods, or the work of months will be wiped out. j Hoover dam itself will take form in 2y 3 years. It will measure 030 feet up and down stream at the base. 45 feet at the top, and about 1,180 feet along the upper rim. The huge structure will require 3,400.000 cubic yards of concrete, and in order to complete this item in the estimated time, the contractors will have to pour 7 V 2 yards of concrete per minute on an eight-hour day basis. The top of the dam will be only 400 feet below the rim of Boulder canyon, and the great barrier will impound 30,500,000 acre feet of water, creating a lake which will extend 110 miles to the Grand canyon, 14 times larger than the pres ent world's biggest artificial lake behind the Assuan dam in Egypt. With the triple purpose of flood con trol, supplying water to southern California and de velopment of power. Hoover dam will pay for itself in 50 years. Destined to rise 720 feet high from the bottom of the canyon. It will stand as man’s greatest monument in harnessing the forces of nature to his will. Photo shows Boulder canyon from the air above the site of Hoover dam. Two of the four 4.000,000-foot diversion tunnels, on which most of the 16 tons of dynamite used each day is being used, may be seen on opposite sides of the river. King Eagle. "You're just a great bully and nothing more. You can’t catch fish, und so you rob those who can.” This was true, and it didn't im prove King Eagle’s temper to be told so. He called Buster all the bad names he could think of, and he made fun of him because he was no longer king of the forest. All the time he kept wheeling and turn ing just out of Buster’s reach and pretending to dart down at him. Once he succeeded in striking Bus ter from behind before Buster could j turn, and once Buster pulled out a couple of King Eagle's white tail New Type of Trench Mortar Gets Test mmrnmmmmmmmmmmm 'T' BENCH mortar of the newest -*■ The gun is fired by dropping the tar, thus making a contact with the setting off the charge. The new 81 ment in this type of weapon. It is c great destructive powers, being easil ing capable of a maximum range of feathers. Buster’s little eyes blazed with anger, and there was a sav age gleam in the eyes of King Eagle. And sucli a screaming and growling as there was! It brought everyone within hearing to watch. It is queer how quickly news of such unpleasant things can travel. In a surprisingly short time there was a ring of little forest people and meadow people peeping out from safe hiding places. None of them knew what the quarrel was about, but all of them took sides as a matter of course. The birds wanted King Eagle to win, and the animals wanted Buster to win, and all the time they wondered what this dreadful quarrel was about. Now, as is the way with people who quarrel, it wasn’t long before Buster Bear and King Eagle were so intent upon their quarrel that they gave no thought at all to what they were quarreling about, and lit tle by little they got farther away from the fish which had made all this trouble. Suddenly King Eagle remembered. Buster Bear was now so far from where the fish had fallen that if he were quick he might swoop down, snatch It and | be away before Buster could get him. Watching his chance, he swooped over Buster’s head and design being tested at Fort Bragg, shell through the mouth of the mor e pin at the base of the barrel and 1 mm. mortar is the latest develop characterized by its light weight and l.v transported by three men and be two miles. down to the place where he had last seen the fish, his great claws outstretched to seize it. There was no fish there! (©• 1932. by T. W. Burgegg. ) —WNU Service. REWARD By DOUGLAS MALLOCH | \I7TIEN we lie sleeping j *ln our little plot, j That other hands are keeping Green or not, ; What shall we care for, If we care at all, Be hoping, waiting, there for, Spring and fall? It won’t be roses, Boses once a year, Nor not. as man supposes. Be a tear. In your tomorrow After our today. \\ e would not have you sorrow, But be gay. May man or woman. Some one passing by, Seek'our the little tomb in Which we lie, And say. “He lifted Loads lie never knew, And. even when I drifted. Brought me through.” When freed the spirit, When our work is done. It will he sweet to hear it. Every one— To know forever. After work and pain, Not all of our endeavor Was in vain. ©. 1932. Dou&las Malloch.) WNU Service. “An interior decorator," says iron- ical Irene, “is a chap who knows how to place all the comfortable chairs where nobody wants to sit." (©. 1932, Bell Syndicate.) WN'U Service.