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r "1 in H1 A TT1 ii Volume II I AYrJNnn:sTF,ij, tinx, juxk in, ih.v.. .Number 223. I-IOM She gomc Journal "I'lVu'it'cd lo bo Vrty' urlillniry smi), We follow Truth where'er nil li'ucls Hit wu).' A( i KNTH FOU Till: JOl'llXAI,. S. M. PiiTTINUlLLdiCO ......New York. JOHN P. HE FN Ell T J. tMJM.YllNUS JOHM li. RHODES C. A. HUNT L. I. fJILDERSbEEVE, A. M. TEN 1SON ci. W. N.STOVALI . . .Wiiichontor. Fulliilioiua Kl.elbyville. Salem. .... Fuyeitcvillo. Nitshvillo, (ireciwlMirn, A In. lliaf Subscriptions for a shorter time than one year must bo paid in advnuco. r.-T I ........ fl , n ..I..L e i.Kciri.liinlie kt IIUIUUIIUI IIU L1UII BmMlli'iivii" at less ilinii tho regular price ($'.!) will be received. However, when n cluli of five subscribers is sent us, wo will allow mi cxiru copy gratis lo the getter-up of (ho cluli. JWuyisinnle copies sold at 10 cents. Xfta)" When credit for the pnpur ispiv. en to tho end of llie year threu dollars will lie incariall'J charged. Postmasters throughout the country will do us a favor, ns well as be doing their duty, to inform us when a subscriber ie fuses his paper, or when the poper lies dcud at their o (lice. Clubbing. We will -supply eilher Harper's Magazine, or Graham's, or Go duy's and the Home Journal, ono year, for four dollars. Arthur's Homo Magazine, 01 Peterson's, nnd the Home Journal, one year, for 3 25. THICK OF A HOK.SE THIEF. The last Iluntsvillu (Ala.,) link-pen-den says that pu olil inun, who gave his name as Moore, stopped in that phce a week or two ago, putting up ut the Madison llouso. Alter a day or two's stay, ho gave, out that he wished to pay a visit to some relations whom Ik; said lived in Franklin coun ty, Term. With this seeming inten tion, (and his ago did not permit of suspicion of rascality.) he applied at the livery stable of Air. W. !. Loyd, for a horse and buggy for the purpose, stating that he would return in a few days. The vehicklo was promptly furnished him, nnd he left on his pro posed trip, leaving, we, may add, a week's board bill at the hotel unpaid. His return was delayed day after day, until his absence began lo excite sus picion, and nt last, it became evident that he did not intend to return at all. Mr. Loyd, with a parly of friends, then started in pursuit, and they traced the old rascal to Dechcrd, on the N. and C. Hailroad, at which place he had sold the horse and buggy to a resident there, and himself made oil' to parts unknown. The property svas proved and brought home. We hipo tho hoary old scoundrel may be yet overtaken and brought to punishment. In the mean time, let the Press pass him around. Thn Dying Never weep. U is a striking fact thn dying never weep. The circle of sobbing, agonized hearts around, produces not one tear. Is it. that he is insensible and still' already in the chill of desolation? That cannot he: for he asks for his father's hand, as if to gain strength i.i the mor tal struggle, and leans on the breast of mother, brother, or sister, with still conscious all'ection; ami just before expiring at eve, after a long day's converse with the angel of .Summons, he says to his eldest brother the last audible good night of earth '-Kiss me, kiss me!" It must be because the dying have reached a point Joo deep lor our earthly crying and weeping.--They arc face to face with higher and holier hi ings, with the Father in Hea ven, and his angel throng led on by the Son himself, and what art: the griefs of a morning, tears of a dying fare well in that vision bright of iinmort il life and everlasting reunion. Cany A Thing Through. Carry a thing through. That's it, don't do any thing less. If you once fairly, soundly, wideawake!)' begin a thing, let it be carried through though it costs your best comfort, time, energies nnd all you command. Wo heartily abomi nate this turning backward, this wea rying and fainting of soul and purpose. Jt bespeaks imbecility of min I, want of character, courage and true mauli less. Carry a thing through. Don't Jcap and dally from one thing to an other. Xn man ever did anything in (hat way. You can't be strong-minded. He pluckUh, patient, consistent. Lie hopeful, stern and manly. Once fairly in a work, don't give it up, D.m'l disgrace yourself by beginning on this thing to-day, on that lo morrow, and on another next day. We don't care if you are the most active mortal liv ing, we don't cure ifyou woJk day and I night, in season and out, be sura tli j end of all s-ucccss lies in carrying a thing through. Fm'iT Instead of McoicixE.-There is no doubt but that the free use of good fruit is highly conducive to health, and indeed almost indispensable to it. iUuch of tho sickness in the Western country is occasioned by the Avant of it. It is the great scarcity of it that creates tucb a demand for physic in oar western eountry. The various fevers uiul billiotis disorders preva lent in lire summer season are more owing to tho want of it than to any other cause. And not until fruit is generally cultivated, and used as un article of diet, shall we bo rid.of those disorders which arc- sapping the life lountains of thousands of bur farmers nnnually. And if fruit wero admin istered in many cases, as an article of medicine, instead of the physician's prescription, wo have no doubt it would bo far better lor the patient. Nature in this, as in all other re spects, has bountifully supplied us with varieties, whieh, if properly cared for, will enable us to enjoy a succession throughout the year. Hut fruit is not only a necessary of life, il is one of its great luxuries. What is more enticing to the palate than luscious fruit And as an article of diet nothing equals it. It is easily raised, costs but little, promotes health and is lilted by everybody. Most people! content themselves by cultivating only two or three varie ties. This should not be so. Fruit is more needed throughout the sum mer season than almost any part of the year. And the varieties whieh ripen at this time are least cultivated. The farmer cannot take n step which will add more to his own joys nnd to those of his own family than by hav ing such a succession as will furnish him wilh fruit, the enlire year. W.il lp.i for llie W ii.ilM-stL-c Home Joiu nul, THE 1! RIG AND CHIEF. D Y MHS. EMKI.IK C S. CUIf.T C'.V, "News from CV.to (uiulo's I'ItI.j, eh'i.lf-., lit)' " i'li tli.i M.ihi." ;t;.l ll.c int.. list's lu-a .Li wiling. Far loo iloi'ii for human tot.im W.1S till! liittPI UffHS ol wou lln':illii..;; of In'.- buy luiil Inwt 'llioi; clear eyes sodi-nply liliii. 'that lliRhky nrciiKil Ktjilii. Clusc'l it. ilcith ... I sui. cil in yoio-. fte'ur mi railli lo i ci-t lii.r ..nut: Ami tie' fillior, ('ioa -true. S.'l.lll f iOll'H will to lllMI' ..III ltd, Tli)- IriM liai.u'il liis i. if. i. it leut I'l.w.il'il lo (lie .Mt'iry sunt. Tim', liiM was ii wilil, l!ut, tlii'lc'M ni acc tor ei'l'il 's cliilit. Il nii...M l.o in iti-atli'H lone hour, Sonin nl llial swirl holy imwcr l llllt hail w itl ili'J liis iic.l, Milil iiiiihalii. the lansoiii'it (loud 1 Slowly. Kiiilly, ila y l.y day, Worn llii-i. loiul of riii-f away, lli-avi'li leul cvi-r Iiit.i tlit'ii Iru'it And (io'l lu.'i-r r.iis.'ilii- the jiet. Ai id II. fir clill'l say.Jvvas iiiiili iulf Kirn.liis li-ct 1 !m nionliiiii tteiul! l'lotlilly Ilisln'S his hli.n cyf, I'roiiilly noils his rrosl on lo ',lt, l-'irtxely i;!imiiis lits wi'll a. nn-il Miratli, llohlly rules llaiulit lliii.fl llal h liis laft' is staitiinl ii.nl !;uw Jliil.ll llio hlacli cap i s his l.rowj Kritas hlout), (lie mash ilotli li ml All, .avd ftyi.s, its rol l. In:lii.i.l. Illai li lihhaii jas raven's wing n.iu?lily--n.tin;: as a Kin -UoinS il'S'il-1 of 'la. Iviii'ss tilood Tl.ilni. iiiountain's crystal flout! K'er may wash away Ih.'ir ciinie; Sclt' l In sin lo cml of I imp. This is Charles--the IU.smt Loud, ( l.ier of Ihe (iiteriilli. honle Piilne ol ilal iny wirkcilness, From whose will them's no rrihess. In some wilil aiel jiarroiv i.is In some ileci nti'l da. k morass Wails lie lor l.is suIi.nslo.nl I,an ;hs he at Ihe warriors jnoiul. ".Somlil )0 Ihe ti.ier.illn Clner 'I'hns lo sin ink fion. rci tiilmleath?" Sooner mi:;lil llie ft. win's prey Nellhil, hope In K' t nw.iy--Than lor ptisoneisttoo.uett lo ileath, Toeeape wilh hpe'loin's hrealh; Kisier 'Iwleol so. ire sweet chill Toealchaii'l liiift the ca!e wil.l, Than for the rulers of the la nil To cheek in crime lliis heiie loianil. M is only when he wills it so 'I h it s'liue poor travele.s by may go, rhiveiin ; 'tii'i'l. his col-l liercc eje, Lctil'Sith shouM seal I heir destiny. And thus il was, a .icmhling few 'asi-il hy Ihe rohber's ho'il review, When a wonial.'s rpl'evs eye liaised lo view the Chief or. liili. Tor a moment hjli.nl he gazed Then the hrigaii'l's cap was raided In a silent proud salute 'J'l Unite of ti"-ierl, llio' Illnfe, h;!e Ihe movint ol he; eye Told .'.in':-lioe fill ina-lery, YensaM, I Iiki' t '.VI had met Anl .heir in-.-li'i'! Iii.tdi ll.-i!iyet Veari a::o, lar disl.int si ies Wiluri'cl 10 ilnal smites an. --iliS, And 'fivas (lieie on Mr.iii?;cr .round, Wild and . (in "1, Ihe scenes art'titnl, T h it he sa w lir now a wile lilesed ad ,, ini: (.1,. isli.il, lire, And 'he saw hint once jf:.ot.--.Not Ihe (lend it. hiltle sl.iin, ::it liie mount ii.. lohlx-r hol.l, Keeper ol ile Oil's hMilul fold! Theif he r.an.s his patents weep, Thinking ol hiswlr.ior s!r'-. I i his so. r. Ihal' I'l'-ked In ileal 11, Poisoned hy (lift In:.. del ei's lneuLli. N.ss.ix p...., TliSN. 'I don't like to see small things so strictly pointed,' as the boy said when he cut oil' the cud of the scoutmaster's cowhide. I)i:sTni:erivB LtoiiTvisc. Mr. J. I'lr.iiislbrd informed us that one day last week, . a lloek of sixty-live sheep were killed by lightning; in the neigh borhood (d Madison Station, in this county. They hail sought protection from th'1 ruin under a tall tree, and were lying in a &ioup whim tho cur rent struck them. They xverc the property of Mr. S. J. S'uankliii, of this place, and Mr. J. J!. Turner. Hum- lillc (Altt.) Iii'eprnttelll. IIr.L 0.vi: A not sea. We must rub out an.l commence nnew ; commence our house upon the rock. Let us protect ourselves by fostering ani protecting each other, if each littlo village will rear up its own little jys'.em of home in dustry; encourage ils carpenters, tailors, shoemakers, blacksmiths, etc., it will not be long until we shall begin to retain the wealth of our mines. Examine your own merits before you decry others. A U I'KA.NKLIN I'UHONAl, Ilavina for many years been confined to a liio ol iilmost constant retirement from tho world; seldom being permitted to mingle in person with its diversified scenes, or to culiivate much personal nc quaintaut'o with tho people; unsolicitous of popular favor; iuduliii;; no aspirations ior oi.ii.-o or posmuu, ana louiiiu- .or no station hieher limn that of the huaihle und priva.lo cili.en the quiet and unpru- teudiiiir member ol society, 1 had not tho CM .11 (! U L TO THE VUTUP..S OF COUNTY. most distant expcctaiion of bein called J swer' all the commereial demand.' upon lo become a candidalo to represent 1 of the country; oil. crs contend thafour you in the lower branch ofyour approach- ; llnnkinu' ) stem isui.snlo, unreliable, uu iiig Legislaluro, Highly appreciating any 1 ju,t, on I should bo dispensed w ilh as doino.isiialion.s of confidence from tho i soon ns pr.iciical.ln, nnd tho cnnsiiiu peoj.lo, and ever desirous to bo useful by ' tioual currency only be usiahlished;" the employinent of ihe little ability 1 may that "I'auki and rag money are but a possess, in whatever way it may bo direc- perversion of national and sound cur.en ted, ami feeling myself second to ww in cVl deiriuionlal to the best rummer loyally an I devotion lo tho laws nil. I in- 1 t-ial interests of llie country, and without stitulicnis of our beloved country, I now, 1 wairaut in the fundamental law ol the after mature relleciimi, comply wilh the 1 land," While soma are in favor of an call.', made upon me, by submitting my entire metalic currency, and many others self before you as a candidalo lor ihe of- nrc 'or miMuio of paper and specie, (ice indicated; at the sumo time, distrust- ! convertible one into the other at llio ftil ol my ability lo dis. barge tho duties will of the bolder, others again care and obligations of mi olliro that emlira- i not wbi-tlu-r il be metalic, paper, or mix ccs tho interest of llio whole coinniuiiitv, ' c-.l so tln-y have a sale and reliable cir wilh that fun ess an I propriety that might dilating medium that they can at all locxpeeied Iromoim of more experience, limes rely upon, while a rmj few. if I more aplitudo, ami greater segacity. j From the fact of my almost coiislonl nhstriiction from the people of the conn- J ly, thoiich a resident aniiniesl them Ironi my iioyuooii, tmve clliisen lliis llietlioil n Iho most elleclual ono lor introducing' uiysoii id me many to wtimii l am nut a stranger, and for making known lor; my views, nnd tl.o piineiples 1 ciiterlniu, touching soma ol'tiie cardinal poinls, bolh ol Slain and (.Y.icral l'nliey. lhroiili such a medium I liopo In address every citizen of llio comity at his homo respec- lively. Could I (latter myself, that I should have llie pleasure of addressing in person nil llieciti.ens ol tho coiiuiy, tho the necessity of addressing llieiii ihroimh a circular letior would be of no material iinporiance. r or llio siilislnclion oi many to w iiom ' I tun almost, or wholly unknown, it may , l be n o t Ii ii i u aini if notdesirable, lo make a lew briel slntomeuts in reunion to my sell during llio many years ol retirement to which 1 have already alluded; j.isl piecediim which I was a candidalo be- lore you lur Ihe same ollice lor which i am now asking your suffrages. Since thai time sixteen yens have passed away. From that dale almost lo the present mo ment, llio school -room has b'-cii the prin cipal iht-iilre nf my npcralion. In tin; school-room, have been spent many ol the best days ol my life. If, indeed, I have ever done iiny good for in v country, ih'il goo, I has been ihe result of my feeble, but unwearied exer tions in ihe school-room. There, amidst toil, cures, and a ho.,' of vexations and palieiicc-deiuolishin;; scenes incident lo school- mows, have; my greiilest exertions and nohlesi acliicvenieiit.s been made; j and the belief of having done even a I Utile no...! fur llie country 1 love with iho j devotion ol a sou, begets my h my iiroudest n Uei lions. Have 1 '.l':'"i' 1V'' impetus to I.i: hliiig genius lor ihe attain- m nu l of eminence and .lisliiiclion in any ol tho liuoicr works ol lilt.-, or in any lau dable cnlling, an hones! pursuit whalevei? Then have I been heller lewarded for my sL'hool room labors and anxiolies, tiii-u I bv all the scanty necuiiiary rcwarlsofl a hie tune service science and a bri;: An approvim: cm assurance ihut all has not been fur nan it, lecble thou ;n ll.im :h my exertions may have been f. and advancement of "Voiui:.' r llie eon, I America," are to me. trophies man's civic wreath, 'oihler hero's than tale masted lo- ry, or diadem of kiiiL's. To you, follow. citizens, who have no! heretofore known any lliini of me, I conn; to von wi'h no story of noble deeds no recital of gallantry or patriotism in civil or military service; nor to y on w ho have known me long and well, whether in Ihe finishing of prosperity, or strugglim; wilh adversity, I havo no appeal lo make ! your favor beyond tho strietesi adherence lo llie ju-l r 'wards of merit. Whatever 1 am, whatever I hue" been, is-lamiliar to i.iiiny of you. Until mai lers not, whether fortune has wiiheld roin me In r cnl.leti treasure, or lilled mv coders lo over.'lo'.viim, my inlerest and iimirs as citizens ol llio sauieconmi eovoriied by the saint.' laws, enjoyio;; tin samo c.pialily of religions and pilitiea riudils, nre identical ; whelher you bid ir to ihe n 'ricnl lar.il , mechanical, liie, professional , literary er li'i'icat. ri.!i".ion portion id the community. , At every arm has tho lii'it to ask i.f- ; fiee at vour hands, it is uonallv ".vr1 rinht, as thinking, patiintic i-ud inlvlli - gen' citiz' ii', I" examine rriiicnlly tho' claims and prelentions of ihe man who: solicits of von ihe author'nv lo bear a : part in iiiiil.iir.r laws by which yon l ie to1 be gnvt.-rii''!. In the selection nl agents' to transact die hu-iiie.-s nCle L'i-lalio;i, all : personal an! selfish coiisideralioiishoiibl i be sacrifice I at the shrine of your i-outi- I trv's t;ori,. The honor and happiness ol , our country, its future ag'.'rainiiz -inei.t anlgbiry. iias rlainis Iranst eudanlly hih- I er on our piitrioti-m. If you fill your' ollices with honor, ihey will be bono. a- I ,l; I the country " ill he honored. ! Mori of soundness, integrity nnd slal.ili- I Iv. will imparl soundness ami ellicieiicy ( lo legislation. Hasty and inconsiderate Ic.'islatiou on the one hand, or unp-ason able protraction on the mln-r, will only be . ayeldo I hy men of soundness and ti I. li- : Iv. imnervious to rorruiit influeiiccs. 1 ho max.uiol mo P"?Vl V "7i '-. - .1.. of ll.e preat Jellerson is no ir.i.itst. is ie canno c: mmiiiih l-i- nn; ni"e iii nl rtvnv ntilnnlir. heart in the selection . of all oflieers. Uv the slricte: t si riitiuv, 1 expect-nay. I desire l ) be '3'-"'. ; . , an . . .'-.' llllflljl tu nur. mm ii hiii mi wnnii i ' in niu a.- iuu c,8l0t which, upon examination, is found , .. ,.. ----- . , to be wonldoss, the ctinaeicr No question of State or national poli JNo question ol .Mate or national pou- rvimHnriipiiniivf.iiiipriiiii'ii;.i .. -. -.-.c -. everv cmzen of Ihe coioniunitv. tlmn . ' r,n .. I ... nl! in HI l'DDP.,.11 ' tl,alon .e-ciBBr.scr. Through the Press, on the Slump. nd tli a nnonle it IS a uhjccl 01 ins- . 1. : nf nrar:irfll ininof un". 10 lh. peop'o -i-m.ndin5jcircul.tie3 .nediutn. their most bcrious coiitfidcMiion, mid I iha exorcise of tho soundest jud-inient, it fhould be a rpiesttoii iiitinitely i.bove puriizau zeal. , . ! ,!,., ,,. ,l, li,v nrwi...li,itf .... ,11 ,1,., ous ominous urn cnicua i cu. iinu , l?u,,kj of iho S.oie. so soon as their d.nr ters shall expire, nr.il say, " If we aro to havo auv Hunks, let us liavo the Stute i jnk and brnuchoi which are under the , control of tho I.ogisloturo of ilia State, 1 nn, xv ii J cr U have no voioed rights and pri- , viIik'os that aro uiiconlrollatile Dv the people " Some contendthat our pro - ionl banking law will afford us a ci re u- i hitiiu medium (sufficiently sound loan mistake nut, say r.vt with all liuuks," regardless of consequences, bring oppo sed lo rerha rieriug un y tank w hatever may bo the d.-uiauds of commerce or in- i duslrial pursuit Surely in the multiplicity of opinions, ' I an.l the ti.lo ol discussion, error will b. 1 deiecicd and truth coiilinned. 1 The great mas-i of the pooplo are lion i est in their individual views and shade ' of dillVieiii o, and iloubtless ore desirmi.s 1 of llie s'l.ino result a good sound rui rt ii- 1 Hilliciciit lur nil pr.iclii al purposes. . I I'liavo never been a fjreat advocate fur banking iiiytiliilions as they have existed .- nianv vcars.boih in the Old oil. I and in Aini'iica. From such institutions, according to their history, in bolh hemis pheres many serious financial calami- ),,.,, hnvo taken ice. In tho lnstu- l I. Ill Ulll . . 1 1 LIIUIllll lll'-lll., Ii-I rv o! our own niore t i , ; half n century back, the most sa.s-bar- irons ami ra v ated pecnu I al V cm rassiio'iiis have, hum tune to tune, been felt, trowing directly, or indirectly out ol our ilelt'ctivc system of I!. inking, lain bound lo believe thai In all mil bankin.: systems, csiici'ially in tmr slate, the ;;reat liiiidiiliientiil evil thai lias prud'.u ed so many inoiietary disasters, is in ihe t.r cmsirr ifsum of llie banks compared to the cold ami silver. Ins 1 IK-1 HO loci t.-N lei'ii c i'ii r v iir.ivi'd bv iho icccnt revnl oils iimler our i- ;iiii,.,i;..i i observi'ilioii. i he i states and cs.iocia milks of i' of TeiiuesSe i other ', Mis- ri di i. in ii'iidt.'d becniisu ihey iht-ir noli s in specie ; w lieu it could ho had, mild iinl u our streets I coiniiiiiiiiied :;ol I luiiit ten 1" liliee.l per c i over the paper ol any ol the nt premium hanks ol' unl Male. II in ; evident, that iho c xee.-s of book radical issues over gold and silver is llie delect of our baiikinu sysicui. i Then to ct a gradual ami perniauent i ,!,' wiiiiiiiil a total iinnihilalii.il nl our iusiiuitions is to make eW nnd m on; tiliii lldn lit , ii ml think Hates si( .( , iV;(., iv.s- av. "Auv other remedy w ill have the iii'.nieutaiy cll'ect of a iiultn! nullum ,, - ., , . i i . i ..l I allevinti; llie pniil lor a srcnin, out leave , tint diseased patient extiosed lo a similar ! uneiice ol s iiisiiis no i paralyses. , i , Tbcic was a lime cuiintry. uhen lb. in ihe hlstury o unr currency was aluioM ,i i-i , p,,,:r,.,. ,1,,,. ,. f ,., entirely l Ii a t o I ):"i-.i ana silver, it ap- ll it i s Iroin llio t nainiiltee of tl repoi I on coins," ol a I nited Slates Senate, i FeLiruary -'Jd, JS31, "That our curren 1 cy itt the adoption ol the ('oi.siiiinloii, was almost culiiely composed of cold i and silver money." Tho bank nf North I America, established, I believe, in the I year I .SJ wilh a eapilal ol only l.ouu,. uiiO, could not havo had an extensive , circulation of paper, as il is said ' bank notes were laiely seen Soilh ol tho Fotuinac, o' west of llie mountains, j " From the adoption of the Federal cmi j slitiitiun ill J 7 S 7 ilmvii'lo lsii(" says s : Virginia wriler, speakin:: ol llio.-e limes, I "hanks wero tl 1 1 km . wit in 1 1 .'.nun, tho exception of a branch of iho ol Willi : ,- i S. Hank in Norfolk about poi'i. The pa per of tins bank scarcely Poind ilj way to the interior of tho country; and il in y lo truly said, iho currency nf lie; coun try e. ,n inula! i e. r.lil l.e; cue n lev .liilioiiary war lo I "'Mi or ''.'!i n" l!i ! wero luoro orosper ui. and I wero luoio prosperous ,py ill. 1:1 wore iho peoplo of the and in cuiia'iy within thn I 'llited same ale I.I over fl i'iri !-. i more r ipi Virginians especially wofo ll an I silver, an I every n;rii llv; an I thn ash wilh gob! uil:iri-t tthii w is prudent and in lustrion . Inel in bis colf rs in ire or b-si lo spare. Iljt ihe bar. lis (nine! What n i lian.e! "bike iho U).is irec,,tiiey loive di'troycd the heiilihlul c in i. linn ol ihe country, and ii.llii.led mi tho people polilh ill and pa ciniiary ilisii of ll.o i.i i-t deadly char acter." It is a matter of hi.aoiy, ihut in limes of cr-jat liuain.ial tli.-lresi and cinliarriiSsineiit, v.c le ar ol no mo it-tary disasters in liiu.-e coaotrie-i where ihecur rency w holly consists ol tho j.rocions ni' t ab; and that liiemo.-t i!i:-!ie,-sin inn nelaiy revulsions vu-it, Iri.iii I. me to time, ilm-e Slates tied countries that " nbound in ciiMjUiiiI and rotten banks.' Tl.o domestic nn 1 foreign romniurce, (ml indued all llie monetary operations .,,.... ..,.' ui.rn ruirli. I 1,11 with an exclusive metalic currency. All I,.. . li. r.,i I ,,'Str In. I tvi.r r.f l!,H "" I" .' hoc tent eiiioires an. refill . it's, ioiii the ; Habtloniar. nnd Assyrian, lo .he Ore i i . t . i .... .,.!.. , i i;.ii 1VII1I. 111. 1111 1 l.i.ri lil'Jl-fl.illl. mu , , ., - , .. , ...u . , , -,ct;iwl uMous f ..e-riy idl tf i.Mi:iiuiiiiiiii'iiit. nnd iin: c.xivti''" . , . . ........ . on i i m i have uten con.iu. n. , have been com i-uncrcv. in uu i i.i.i-s. - silver curirncy. in our .uue-s moo and. America havg been riousiy XleJ i. en,ho,r.,M..cnu from li...o - i ..: f..t.. M...I li.'iraliur. ui8 CIUI iici-, w"" -- - - . ., riirrtncy was wholly polJ end silver, - , frrilll ,he fraud of, . . . i.- ..r. , ., . . a tns deoinunz 11 iiojioim ui , u"7 . , ,- l i t .1 ih (in after eiaousnuieiiii. - imii - I '.il l ... . . . Tmm wo ,leaf 0f no dera,.Sc,J ; ...1 - , 1 !,( t P i ii.A 1.1 e : - " ; " - ." ",v" . .. T So it wtiereer joi j and suvtr are tne I If the civil and commorcial rdutions of tho world for indefinite periods of I tinie, .hiiiiostic and foreign, have f;oue on I under the iiiom ui.lavorr.li o auspices in i ii t to ins si i nil c.iwmrrr timnt p ! ,,-,;,, ; A- ;.; ., to maintain thai "Hanks of circulation luii i.i,,. ..... i.. i.-;,. r .. .. ... it are indispensable to negoiiato the ex- hunne of the country, wlien at lln nio I ment with tho f xception of a veiy small portion of the South under Itritisli suhju- I eiilion all llio ilomeslie ami loreiKii ex- j riiam;" throughout Asia of over 400, tn.iO.uUO people, nro conducted without agency ol Hanks ol circulation. Among all nations who nave ar d to any degree ofcivilizaliou, gold nnd silver ) have, by common eminent, been adople.l ' as iho measiiiM or standard by which the i I value of all properly for excbaii'.'.o can be . nmpared and inlerchaiiged between ' j individuals, the value of all coutiiiels, and all property estimated according lo j the quantity of llieso metaU which it will i C'liiiiiaiin, ii u I lor commereial jiuipnses, j That Hanks, as coiilended by some, j "are indispensable in increasing capital, ' in elleciiiig llio domestic and foreign ex ! changes of the eountry, and carrying on I ils cmnieri e," is the very climax of ab- Mii'ililv, when ihe history ol tl isiory ol tl.o couuiry j wiiliin a very low y jar back, proves, be- . Villi ' illdi 1 ill'-' j eial I a iloul.l, llial they nre not only mil speiisabl.! in negotiating or coulroll- . i . . i ' . i .... i i'. me connncmni, niu usi . ... i iiuu uiioii- interests ol llio eountry, out have r failed lo create dcbl, iulhilo prices, i Inrni'li nil soils ol means lor i nil soils of me, ins lor cori'dtil ; speculations, an.1 expel tho specie I roil I l Ihe ci.iiMtrv to i:ive room for their worth- . ess issues, uiioii which llie pour are tax- i I lo oav ihe iulerest. Hanks never ilid , mill they never make pormaueut ad dition to iho currency, they cannot reg- j ulatc cNchairT, and they have never lur- nished it unless lo Uurjit I hum. it la .v. Increase ol eapilal, nourishing commerce, an I favorable cm haiif.es, all grow out ol' ihe thrift and indiistiy of the country, the ' pro lnels of llie sml, nnd the enterprise ol I llie ciliieiis. 1 1 am inter to llie existing a!' (ioyeriiiuenl wilh filiation of our Stale llio Noithern Siockhol ami riaiiter's bank. leis of the Union I it sue ' on whril i' n i :tit n nel ween I ,,,.,., t i tl,i.i ' I u I,, .llie i Federal or Suite, and the money-power of this country," there is great room for serious objection, SiilIi alliance with the Federal ( i u w I n lileli t Ii lids lo a con solidation of power, destroying and W'eak -niu ; ihe iin nd v. lib tin pen S'.itt coco (,'ov, ol the t it itl 'ii I, c i a-, t rid the till- 1 i Slates it piu' i oyer l llie Slate an heriy and pi , r 1 1 1 1 1 1 : erlv oi en 1 "" r Stale llank, like all nicl IIISII- nallv luiions, ,S;ale or .Natiminl, lias M failed to establish Isli a soiiini an 1 iinilinin paper currency of tho stand un ol , ihe precious metals. 1 am for an ever lasting and in I ci mil i li mi i:l separation be twTttn iho Siato and nil Hanks, le t (hi li.inlc ol I eiiiiesM't', i.s na.s in'i'ii ici tun in. 'lid. d by nil iho I (iovernors of tho Slale.inid tin; last I'lcsideuts of llial i 1'i.iok, b u pot ill 1 1 . ; 1 1 i , I .i I i " i J , and ilscon- ccrus closed up at as early a peiiod as the ' ( onvenii uee ol the ciii.ens will pi noil. Such is the policy loo ol its lliruclois from a M-llled coiivicli'Ui, that the he.n I iulmests of the State reipiiro it. Hy such 1 policy an end would be made of the com ! petition foi making money between llio Stale and us own citizens. As l.unlis have been Irie.l, anil Inun I faithless as lis- ; cal a;;eilri, liinl sloinl ennneniiii'ii oy niu i . oust, union anil hislm-v of tho country, I pin III layer ol the lee biir.-eineut ol the reveii'i lion and ois- ' bein peiforul- i.-d by the proper financial ollic 'I'reasiu-'-r ami I 'oniptrullcr of in I h' lievt; it 10 be our lino p put in firadiial Iniuidatioii t ry ,-tho ; Slate. ' icy to ink of our Slain Irec, slock, ne.ther nod hr.,in b, : and wind them uj. so soon as it can be I done t'Hii -diit wilh llio c.uniiicrcial, a.:- ; riciiltiiral an I jiieehoiiicnl inleiests ol the' country. I wmil I net be iindersluod as bei.i opposed lo t iiarterlog a 11, ink will everv lie-ii.ibh: ieslrictii.il, under any ! and every cir..uii!--liincc; lor such is iho close anil iiiluualo connection of I lank nancf an, I credits I rout loir, ton tin in d habit wilh nil our extensive commer cial up 'rations and business cute. p. i.-e-; aii'Unch too, may be the connection id nil revealed cniniti events wilh tho existing state of ihiiigs, as may render sin h p ill- cy nece.-ary anl e pi; diet. I. ill lo whatever extent I'uioks may exist anion -i lis, I would say, let llielil by legislative i lia, tiiicnls be Mibjecl' d to the Mile;; st m ruliiiy, at stated periods, siiliieienll V oil' n, to keep before lb" people tin-ir real eiuiiliiioiil and whenever lin-y l iil I" com ply rigidly wilh their ( hartered con !:iious, b t theul he held .ic.'uuut.lble lo llie ' pie; subject to llie lorleiuiro or alioi:. h inenl ol tln-ir i harl. is, or other puiii.-h-uienl, f-.r u 'iicomplis nco Willi lio ir ( bar tore I condiiious, an I secured lu'iu b-is-lalivc interference while conij. lying with such condition!. I Wl! W'lsll lo de..ioiic s'.v.e.- o ex. I'isive n.r. ib' Lo .1 ilivere.l l r iu llie !.,!, k monopolies an! s, wo mv.il place iho scepter In tl,i; ban I.. oi loo I"'' ide. iiliicienlly laiiht us llial is, lory of power i.i in the pern ru . llie sale I. bp peep 'J'l and i L. i, e,- .it;- i.f suppressin.; ihe is-uo ireuiatioii of all bills or noles ol a en'.'iiiiualion than livo dollars iii'.'r les-, lieu civ in.: r ...oii.Uile iioucc, ( ' s.i... .it-,. j . - vioii-; n-i , by what li.ieh or iilio: i:ueil. ihe 111 ' i 111 IIIO'I i all t V II 1 1 I' !' tl l!.u created, will , Willi cola ami silver, i j The holders ol si... the . of I ail I I ''' '' ! noies are rcnerully rin.r cl.issos ol the .,. ,..,. , the last 1) find to..i..i..iu... , out ami lh" fir-t 1 Miller, Il 0 Lau Mops n innieiil. It is eeneraiiv nio smaii nous I - . . r . .- I i ' il,i nro seleeleil lor linuauon uy llie i , tOll N 111111 I'M mx.; tnJ nib llli'Dl .I.... c ii I I . if ft r it 1 1 ii i ri . -;.rre..l .'; ' who know least, ui.iut nvi..-i v ....... -"-iif nro most tiiMl , o . hi BlJ 7 , , ,.. . ., ' , ...... , , . ,.- . nm' ' ""' . , ,)B ,t.(.iuriM i"r - , noies. pari counlcrlcit, pari orn ,,.,, , iulo coin, the suppression o out. part urn urrcnt, all incapaldo of.' ...i ,,i,... ihe redemption ot all . - , , i f bet n- used with any regard lo a bencfi cial tconoiny" I would say let iho pro- , con ui m i hchihii ui miii'imnii j'. i it.. . : ti .11 1:11 1.. ..... an.l r : r.n under ten, m' .fi.i'iuiii), uu u uma , - . when found necessary, all under 20, are withdr.wn from circu'laiion. .ml m ' ...... .iin, ... -ilu. rnrr.K.. ,.7. rvn lero-r.lnol. coui" lional currency fill upih. oJ- " i r---rf -i The people in whom reside thesov. rreign power, nave tne riguc to niainl redress at tho hands of their' maud redress at t! immediate, retires.' - jmmi. Jj;lie. representatives. Though it would he injudicious to attempt all . . ... : .1. .. 111 ."" 1111 ''"m" fuermi nan n o mu at onee an enure extermination oi me multifarious evils of our banking sys. nn' J1'.1 "''y ri-presenlalivt; should I r.'iuinueii ot ins patriotic duty, no less than his constitutional obligations to palliate the public distress, and provide against the further conliuti mice nt ruin upon the country. If the representatives of the people fail to exert the power committed to them, by the omission of proper leg islation, or the neglect of unceasing vigilance lo prevent the recurrence of such scenes of public einliarrassmenl, and sad private disanlers as have pe- iriodieally nlllieled tho community, I they will he justly chargeable with in j lid. -lily to lo iheir eonstiiueiiey mid a ' reeklesMiess oi' their ipialilied obliga tions, and will render themselves lit- tei lv utiwiiitliv of the uonlidenee and sllppo! A a c ualiiliiiJ and patriotic public. The I i abilities of stockholders should be such as lo secure the public against : every pos.silrle eotiiingeney in the pay- ! mcni of llie notes ihev cause to be is- suri, 'pi,,, unlimited liability ol tli ! st oe!xliul.U'i-s, not only itideinnilies th . ' . . . , cis:ui'es t lie superior stability of tie' bunk. It was userib- able to Mich liability, that, in 17X! and in lvia, when a great number ol ; iin i.sh provincial II inks were swept, Ii'om exisletice, among n-private and stock Hanks ill I'higlalid, Ireland, ami some oilier :l" ' ',uml"'il11 entinl lies, scarcely it lailiire known to have taken plaee. Th isbil ores of some of llie .New w as j Leg- r land, Nihil: and No til-Western Stales have, in the eiiacl iiii lil. of various laws, w it bin a lew y. i examples worths- of irs since, set us oil.' ItilllieiliaiC i - , : liiiilalluli, l.y inereaMn1' llie lialnlll les of the stockholders lo the, full extent i ! I llicii'i'i nl and pirsonal eslale. 'he fact is fully established by the sail ol the people, thai 1 tin Hanks m e imt ri iiai'ie u iiom i such rest net ions as will laily secure public the note holder and coiniiiaiii eoiiliih'iice. If W e J u 1 1 LT1 I'msI, il cannot of iho I'uliire by the in doubled, but. cor- iiiiali,ius live Icotii lilt: wholesome restraints of legislative supervision, will iicwt fail lo abuse llo; rights and ri'.ile;',es conferred upon them, and enihiii'.'er alike the liberties of llie people and the prosperity I.I' the Slate, Tin ir very iustinei is lo make money. Tin-y care nothing for the public wcilare any further than iheir own ndvaiilage i-i eoacerueil. 1 1, is eerlaililv idle to talk about '((iiial riirhts and privileges." while ' llie indiviilual property ofstoel. holder: in l lilies is mil li, line lor as ll'lleli us liie in !i idu.i heir (Icl.'.s propeltv of inercliaiils ami other tradesmen is tiiriis. There is not one particle , . i t lur of the justice ill Ihe law llial, coil.pi farmer or merchant to pay hi.i note at j maturity in lbuik and M-lb s u 1 1 '( I s him to be dishonor! and sued, if he fails to pay ly, while it exonerates ment and execution ihe ass bun olil, or I, protested up prompt 'rou i judg s of Hanks and extends ihe time of the payment of Mr d. bts, nnd e er denies to their creditors n'd interest upon iheir funds after lorcibly detaining (hem lo suit, their own purposes. Forbear- aiieo under sip'li unfairness and Pot ism ceases lo be a s ir! lie. des-i li, i I eel I V 1 1 IS III 1 1 1 1, will be re.tilily perceived, that I goveriimeiit as tar as possible upon base my doubts as to ihe cons: il ut ion- j plain and admitted principles; a lib ably of'eslablishiii.: Hanks, National j eral and tuitrainmelcd cnminercul po or Mate, that emit bills or bank notes j Hey the principles of live trade which eiieiiliite as currency or luon- j throughout iho win hi, "the freedom cy. Il is therefore equally doubtful i of the sea-," the doctrine ol progress, uu nn , nil' nn i in" ii' r '" ( ! i the State ol Tciiue.'-si'e,eo:isis;eiit. wilh . ..... .., i" In, I .eel the Legislature of In r present consiiiiilioii, can exercise . such power. The Hill of the Slat .1' Ki-hts, or Constitution all moiiopo- , s ivs, "lliat i lies I'li'l ire ( outiiiiy to llie genius ol a Mate, ami shall not be allowed." I must aeknov, b-d.-e, I am not. able to .-.' i' ;tiiv aiilliuii'y in otirSiate L'onsli ! 1 1 1 ( 1 1 1 lor es'iibli-hing iiiouopoly ' I i;;',ls or l In; eX'.'lii.-ivo pt i vili'Ues oi , li uikinv: coi por.it ions, when they are admitted to in; the sviil-t c ot tiio- uopoiie '-. 1 .'.::iill. ill See deelarcs "T hal money, emil. lull 10 rtielo "Jud it no Siaie .vhafl coin of credit, make tiny ((; but ojihl and silver coin a tcn 'ib r in pasmeiils of debts, or pass any law impairing the i.bligalion of eoa-Irael-." ; To say ihe h-asl, it is certainly s:i fir al all tunes ta abst.iiu from all power which ihe .spirit and principles of I lie consii uliou da not clearly an- .1 I.. s I A ,t I (!,,. I I, III l.f. HI - una ,iu, i j , 1,11 .ow( r lo I'eiii money, regulate i tic i .in, Value thereof, cci fun laoliey, can ti.i.ein.K ll,l'f;i. ...I i v.. 'l-l I- ... Then of course to o.iiv relate to i .i and not to wiper v.biel. cannot be smelted, reliued vVc. t'ns:.iu:;:i . f tiie United States de- ve and progressive, ami so wen cn.u-.-l,,!-s--Tlmt ('..iilm-css thall Arce Hated to accelerate a Ireo people in Ibti it would bit ditlicult all at once to , fourths ot its existence navo been un I'lisabuse the public mind relative to I Yr Democratic administration and the constiiulionality of our system of every year ot such administration, lias li.uiUi;!, kimci! it has hvin m loiitf at - (mil wi-dil 'in ln n.ii'linlti iti I'Vi'TV I'Olll" ; MllCt' IIS On,rIll. Llli i at tin tiue nH I I It...., t lllillU Id IIUl !l Ill'll.i . I to ibe ililicrence mm -.y-;-"' "'w ", ; inil- l' I'.iiikiiiii ' I...' u hen K i ' 111 1 '"') . i , aHj impic scciiriiy . i 1 s i i lit .t . - "b" - J"" v.'rtil.ilit v of - - , ... .riiin.i , .1 . j the counter where issued, ; , Ue titutiiiii of sold and silver . IVI JM, ---- ,.,,,, to llio tircatest nractieable ex- rr nnpiT ill oi uiiiary uusiness irans 1 ' . . .- 1 . i- . .;. Jf) NV'l(. .,rol)crv ullt.r8toad there is ihut little diilerencc with the'reat body ...... 0 . . 1 1 1 1 ' joflhu people only as to tho txtcnt to ; which the reform desired may safely no earned, I think i havi shown from bistort , cal facts, that Banks of paper circula ; (inn nro not ahtuluMy necessary tor eominercial purpos 1 1 ... .1 ' . .. ( ,ur eomun rcia purposen, antt tlio reg I illation ol exchanges, and from our , own itnuicdiato observation and tho , exper onon oi many w a ixwiy rcg ' ulated system of Hanking is ono of tho ; most vitiating and tleplorabla calam ities that has ever nllliotcd our Coun try. I have also endeavored to show by rol'eronco to the charted conditions oi' Hanks in existence, that such ro form cun be made ns to furnish us with an ever-available, sound circu lating medium nl mixed currency. 1 If wo act wisely, we must profit from the lessons of experience. The i woik of reform has already comtiiPii- eed, and a. w ise, nnd judicious I.egisla I tun' will ellV'ct its consummation, and ! the indebtedness of the fState soon be j liquidated. We have a cheering : proof of' the reform already made i from the late advancement of our i n.mds from the low rate of about 00 cents in the commercial cities of the Xorih to HI ets wilh an upward ten dency. Overtrading and speculation have been checked, and eonlidenco re . tored. 1 oppose any further State appropriations while the state is in di bt, uiilcni in case of unseen rebel lion or insurrection, or some such a , catastrophe. POLITICAL. From the establishment of the Fed- !(,ril t ; V(. ,.,m. ,lt, political parties i have divided the people. During thn i administration of tho elder Adams, ic lines Were distinctly drawn be- I twecn the Federal and Republican liiorties. Tho s! I'll.';'!.' between the !,.,,,, .,,!,,. 'i,,,,,,,. ;,, .(, nv. I n eiiiment. as is generally known to the u.h(,() ,,, ,.Vi n,sll(.d j niacin'' ri,,,,,,,,. I il-,, . I, n-w.t.f nrm-nl,, of liberty and defender of popular rioliis.iu the Presidency over his an tugniii.d, John Adams the leader of the Federal parly. A government in the hands of the people ii popular government, was then but. an experiment. Many promi nent stati sinan, honestly doubted the capacity of ihe people to rule I lieniseives, and were consequently I he zealous advocates of a strong ecu -tr.il government, a consolidation of the power of the States in tho Federal li'ovcrninont. The prejudices in fa vor of such government, had been im bibed from too great a veneration of the lime-honored institutions of tho mother country by a respectable num ber of the statesmen ami patriots of tho Keyolui ion. The republics of oilier days had existed only long enough to render doubtful the experi ment of a government that was to em iunle directly from the people. The I'liiunl.ti ioti upon which most of them I attempted to build the superstructure of their greatness, svas deticient un i generous, and coal racy to the estab- isiieii principles oi iiuuiaii nature; whilst others founded on a more endu ring basis, met with their early down dl by the political corruption and moral turpitude that had crept into their halls of legislation, ami contam inated the eiti.ens, The defence of State rights, nnd a slrii't construction of the constitution of (he general liiHcriunent, the advo cacy, as a general principle, that it is best for the peace and happiness of I the I'uiou lo avoid the exercise of I (loiibi ful posvers, ami administer the 111 Keeping wii.uue auvaniages oi ino age and the increase ol tlio true re sources of national strength by the encouragement of industry in ag ricultural and mechanical pursuits; ihe general dill'usiou of intelligence, . . -1 -, e ... I- ... t - "llm"""""" "' r,,Ju","""v keuing up of a general emulation and muting in the lioiuls ol general tirom erhood all mankind; the abhorrence of I'ae practice of mingling up religion with parlies and calling in question eei 1,-iin iertus ol religion as objections or disq i-tlbications for ollice, the sup- iior t of I he policy of territorial expan- ; sion, and a hearty welcome with : "i"'" '"' '". receive foreigners Hying I rein oppression m their native land and bestow upon them the rights of American eiti.ens, after a brief resi dence in lliis country; and in line, tho amelioration of Ihe condition of man, and the full exercise of his noblest powers and attributes, have ever been Miine of the leading characteristics of tin; Deinoer.Uio hosts of the nation. To principles so ennobling, so expans- I - -- i , i :i',l iho dements ol Irue greatness. ---- -- - ...!.... - I Till' r ,'. Il'i . . 1 1 S I S. the Icdera lists, unut-r i i lw..,n intiosed, iciinneo" - i ........ ,w...n i "I I From the origin ol our government 1 lo the present lime, more than three , V4 " u!mJ . i ... i : ii-- I -"' ik vi iw ivnuuimi v Ajrailiu, 1111 ' rilP1 ftshasbrea the increase of 1 .1 I - . I !"' " ""'P, i ns inoii-cuuii, uiiu us uciicui."?. L i.uer i democratic governinent, we havo enjoyed a bountiful harvest of social, national, and personal happiness, and by it havo been conducted to our pre sent state of unptirralleled resources i and prosperity. The policy and ine i - , : surcs advocated bv thn jemocratifl party from tho days ol Jrliersoo ana Mad.son have ever been inopHWi' to all Ihe old Federal 1 ? Hamilton and Adam dywW and the priUcih. oflh.t party J have ever