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The Florida Agriculturist. A JOURNAL DEVOTED TO STATE INTERESTS. Yol. I. Contents of this Number. rate 81 —Fourth of July, 1878—Address: Indian River audits Resources; Page 82 —We Reap what we Sovr, poetrv; < aujrht in a Steel Trap; C'atchiasi fish at Vancouver’s Island ; Recipes. I’aare S3—Onion Culture in Florida : Soot for Manure; Advertisment*. Page St—Editorials; Value ot the I’abns; <Nayot 8 Establishment a Myth. —S5 —Inquiry about Guavas; Locals; i lonoiana; Advertisments. FageSd—How the Weather is F’oretold: Howto Plow; Groundneas; The Cost id Cotton Culture; Tho Value or Charcoal: A Fruit Cellar; To Preserve the Colors ot J ressed Plants; Legal Notices. . Pace 87—Cochin China Oranges; Sweep jug, How and When it Should be Hone; >' hat is the Bible Like * Advertisments: Page 88—Telegraphic; Advertisments. THE FOURTH OF JULY, Isis. An Address Delivered Before the Press Association of Florida, at DeLand, by Judge Win. Archer Cocke, Continued from last week The manner of dealing with eccle siastical questions—of the utmost im portance in a republican government —was properly and safely adjusted by the wisdom of those who sepa rated State from Church, and made that happy and lasting union between civil liberty and self-govSnnnent, which was to that time unknown to the jurisprudence of any age or country. Self Government, in a political sense, is a phrase largely used on both sides of the Atlantic, and con veys an idea in political philosophy worthy, of the deepest consideration. “Individual liberty consists, in a gr*mt. measure, in politically acknowl edged self-reliance; and a self-gov ernment is the sanction of self-reli ance and sell-determination in the various minor and larger circles in which government acts, and of which it-yuisists.. .Self-government is fouml ciToTt rTrv 'wTtCngituct -s i to take care of their own affairs, amt the absence of that disposition which [ looks to the general government for ; everything; as well as on the will-j ingness in each to let others take care of their own affairs. Self-govern ment implies self-instruction, not only at the first setting out of government, but as a permanent principle of polit oal life. Self-government means everything j for the people, and by the people, j considered as the totality of organic j institutions, constantly evolving in ■ their character, as all organic life is, < but not a dictatorial multitude. Dic tation is the rule of the army, not of liberty ; it is the distraction of indi viduality." Lieber, Civil Liberty and j Self-government. __ j Daniel Webster said, in bis Fan-! euil Mali spoeeb, May 22, 1852 : ' But I say to you and to our whole j country, and to all the crowned heads ' and aristocratic powers and feudal l systems that exists, that it is to self government, the great principles of popular representation and adminis tration —the system that lets in fill to participate in the counsels that arc to assign the good or evil to all —that we uiav owe what we are and what we hope to be.’’ This does not mean that the people ; can do no wrong, nor does it sustain the insufferable absurdity of plirase ; “vox populi, vox doi, but it means,j self-government requires politically, in bodies, that self-rule which moral j self-government requires of the imli-1 viduTil. It is restraint, but not weak- j ness; it is the strength of self-denial.; an attribute of power, controlled by ; virtue and wisdom. Let these prin- j oiplos prevail, and our government is i strong internally and externally, and j will be felt and sustained at home,! and recognized abroad. i In discussing the philosophy of American history it. would be injus tice to the life of the subject not to notice the influence ot the religions element on our national develop inent. , In the language of the distinguish ed Schlegel, “Historical particulars oan only serve to characterize the hi ward motives, the prevailing opui- ions, the decisive moments, the crit ical points in the progress of human society; and thus place more vividly before our eyes the peculiar character , pi every age, each step of mankind in intellectual refinement and moral im provement." Philosophy of History, Lecture XV. The religious principle is the life of the nation, free and untrameiled, and in its introduction into self-gov : eminent political theory did more than any other cause to bring our forefathers successfully through the trials ol the Revolution, and in over coming the diftculties that surrounded the . chartering by the people of National and (State government. We allude with pleasure and satis faction to tl.e speech make by Benja min Franklin in the convention that trained the Constitution ot the United State.-, on the propriety of public prayer by bodies engaged in affairs of State. It was on his motion that the convention was opened each morning with prayer. On which occasion, v ith his characteristic force and brevity, he said “ T have lived, sir, a long time, (SI years) and tho longer I live the more convincing proofs I see of this truth, ‘That God governs in the affairs of man,’ and if a sparrow can not fall to the ground without Ilis notice, is it probable that an empire can rise without His aid 'i A survey ot the historic page, from the earliest period to the present time, and the unassailable record of the Ho ly Writ, reveals on every occasion the hand of God in history. We learn from the teachings of the bible, from the lessons ot the awful retributive justice of an unerring God, that those nations who have laws of God have paid the severest penal ties, even to national extention; while those that have lived in obodt have had an easy, comfortable and happy existence, but universally when those laws have been disregarded have we seen national woe and calam ity. •Let every nation observe the cause and effects of that food which swept, with but one exception, tlie human family from the face of the earth. We cannot estimate, yet we see the salutary influence exercised by the morning dew upon plants; the vivifying effect of light upon nature ; how the waters that filter through the earth fertilize it by producing fruits and flowers, and to the careful observer it is manifest that history rightfully written is the record of Providence, and that God has in a na tional sense rich schemes of mercy for those people whose lives arc ded icated to virtue. War is an agency of human pro gress. God has carried forward his work through the instrumentality of war. By this terrific agency he has removed people and nations out of the way, that obstructed his pur poses, and brought into being other nations which he would better lit to advance his work. War removed the Canaanitcs out of the way, and made Isreal a nation. War built up Greece, Home, England and Ameri ca. It is the bitterest scourge of Heaven, but is God’s plan to punish wicked nations, and can only be avoided by a national life of Christian virtue. History and the bible prove it beyond controversy or doubt. It is a source of unbounded pleas ure in contemplating that under the political, judicial and social principles which control the national and state governments, how the territory of the union, the domain of the states : has increased in wealth and popula ; tion, Avitli all the intellectual and re ; ligious refinement that education can i bring; since the inaugeration of | tlie combined system; by adding | sovereign and independent State nf i ter State to the political firmament, where, like fixed stars, tiiey can quiet ly maintain their position without disturbing the harmony of the spheres. DeLand, Florida, Wednesday. July 24, 1878. In maintaining this happy equili brium, a virtuous and patriotic states manship demands that the constitu tion and laws of the ujiion, and the constitutions and laws of the States, should revolve in their separate oi bits; then a unity of -feeling, a com munity of interest, with an honest and virtuous purpose, will make all the states part and parcel of the union, lidding and preserving the liberty of the body politic as joint tenants seiz ed “per my et per t/*ut,” with the constitution of the United States em bracing them all with a common band, cemented with?, the strong un breakable. but gentle seal whereon is inscribed in living moving active char acters, as extensive as the circle, “per petua Amacitia.’’ I vill make n<? • effort to dissect and analyze the national and state constitution, but to present to your consideration, as I have endeavored on this occasion, the principles on which the constitution- act, and to show by precept and example that we have, theoretically and practical ly. a government the strongest and most powerful, yet protecting the cit izen in all his rights with a more lib- ( oral and enlarged freedom than any on earth; and if the people, we by whom the laws are made and admin istered, will it , the purest and most satisfactory and the most durable ev er offered to a nation- c xcopt by the hand of inspiration }-but its durabili ty will be a blighaiig and ruinous curse on human libritv. unless ttnsul ied and inflexible integrity shall pre- j vail alike in private and public life. The purity of tF administration should be the substß' itimiof the body politic;; its virtues (Gould be repre sented in every department of tho government, and lienee - reflected throughout every climber and aven ue ot the social fyi. VA virtuous ■ i .tm; uia-- the dogma, “All pnAi are bom ir<*r and equal,” is true, remember how ; soon and how often by their own fault they are in fetters. I see before me an accomplished and honorable representation of the Press Association, to whom I am in debted for the honor of delivering this address. Gkntu’.m t:N : It gives me special pleasure to appear before you. The Press is an institution that tlie 1 people of America cannot appreciate . too highly, nor honor sufficiently. It was an active power in assisting us j though the revolution. It represent-; cd the highest talent in popularizing | the constitution of the United States, when Madison. Jay and Hamilton, j were contributors to the wkekly I’IiKSS, in a series of articles entitled the “Federalist,” which for years lias been a standard work among our vol umes of political philosophy. In bi ography, in essay, in poetry, it has re flected tlie character and the virtue of our distinguished authors, and pre sented to the readers of the weekly and daily papers the ever cherished productions el'lrving, of Everett, of Prescott, of Bryant and Longfellow, with n brilliant list of distinguished writers iivm nil parts of the coun try. The religious press has carried sa cred and invaluable truths to every; threshold in the land, and assisted in erecting churches and altars to the living God. respectful of all Christian doctrines and rights. The literary and scientific press has cultivated the minds and assisted in giving tone and character to millions of reading men and women, who now adorn, like pre cious jewels, every circle of Ameri can society; while to the great mass of our population, the daily press has been the sunshine of their lives; while tlie weekly and other periodic publications have enlarged anti culti vated the minds and hearts of all our countrymen —and we have country men from all parts of the civilized globe —with an extent of knowledge and intellectual refinement found in no othe country, and among no oth er people. The political press has exercised an influence as wide as the extent of our country. It has circulated moral and political truths which have in formed our voting population of the necessities of political issues. It has guided the statesman along the path way of political duty. Its editorial columns have been sustained by won derful talent, learning and virtue. It has sustained the upright public men who deserve office and station for the good of the country, and often its withering scorn has driven the driv eling politician—the reckless adven turer on human rights, in proper shame and ignominy to the shades of private life. It has exposed the cor ruptions of the bench and the bar, and done incalculable service in sustain ing moral principle in every depart ment of life. The highest t alent in the country in senators and lawyers, j scholars and authors, have graced its - columns, and every one that reads j our mother tongue feels the daily i and weekly papers indispensable to j his comfortable living. There are j instances of weak, inefficient newspa- i pers, issuing from an occasional press,! but the virtue and talent of the ! editorial corps and the indignation of the better class of readers have soon consigned them to oblivion. Gentlemen *of the press association, the vast benefit you have been to the country, history attests. Your past usefulness ami the constant necessity in every branch of society, in every department of life, demands in the editorial column your accustomed talent and virtue, and if properly ex ercised the whole country will owe you that debt of gratitude which can only be paid by the love and admir raiion of an enlightened, virtuous and affectionate people. To my fair friends of this assemb lage, I ask permission to,say that the the spiritjWfitl I protecting care and life giving pres ! ence of woman. Woman’s fortitude and woman’s virtue have done more to purify and elevate the social organ ism than all human laws com bined. INDIAN RIVER AND ITS RESOURCES. Editor Florida Agriculturist: We did intend to have replied to j io your Philadelphia correspondent j giving him information regarding!' Indian Hirer, as he asked ior, but an excess of work has caused us to neglect it, and we .still fail to find the time necessary. We have in fact written up the peculiarities of this lection so often, that it is an old story to us, and consequently an irk some task. In the Florida JVew Yorker for both .1 une and July 1*77, we think, is a full and explicit de scription of the“ Indian river section,” ! and we doubt not your correspondent could yet obtain a copy. We will now simply answer his leading ques tions briefly. The waters of the riv er are salt; no tide beyond twenty-j j live miles from the Inlet; length 140 j miles, width from one to six miles; j j depth twelve feet, nine feet of water at the Inlet, opposite old Fort Cap- j ron. Lands generally high, alterna ting between pine and hammock. — Our summers are cool and pleasant. This day we all pronounce exceed ingly hot, as our usual daily breeze lias not sprung up yet, and we find the thermometer reaches 90°. Our hottest weather this summer thus far has been 95 s , for a few hours or so last month. Give us nothing to do, and we can keep cooler during the summer here, than in any section of country we have ever seen. Despite the horrible and “ oft told tales that our St. Johns friends re gale the new comers with, our popu lation continues to increase. Sereral sales have lately been made, and sev. eral valuable acqusitions have conse quently been added to onr census re turns. While many of them arc planting groves, yet nearly all in tend to invest pretty largely in pine apples. This most delicious fruit is now in season, and could you have helped us eaten one we had to day, you would readily believe the asser tion that Indian river will soon be come as much noted for its pine ap ples as it now is for its oranges. I fear however that I shall have to re tract the assertion made in my last, letter regarding the number of plants to be set this season. The Magurdor Bros. returned from Key Largo a week ago, without any slips, and re ported none to be had. The frost last winter injured (’apt. Barker’s plantation to such an extent, that no plants are in the market this season. Mr. Myers, who accompanied t'to Magurdor Bros., proceeded to Xr;-.s sua however, and expects to bring a load from there, and if successful, wo may yet get a goodly supply of plants. By the way the printer made sev eral blunders in my last letter, the most noteworth one of which, is call ing Meritt’s island, Mosquito island. Xo doubt but lie lias giot Indian riv er and mosquitoes inextricably mixed, but it is a mistake, we have none ot the pests hero this summer worth talking about, not enough to a kw.y man busy brnshiuo ■ and we are going to have plenty of them, as well as every one else who has been here long enough. In two weeks we will have plenty ripe, and they will last until Jan. Ist, we hopq. Jelly and marmalade will soon be in order. Ex. Ai.akamia.v. Rok Ledge. Fla., July 14th, 1878. Florida Horses. Editor Florida Agriculturist: Can you inform me through the medium of your valuable paper, of the respective merits of native Flori da stock, ponies, etc. Are they desir able, where can they be obtained, and at what price? Information on the above will confer a favor. A. K. I*. —■“ Where are you going ” said a young gentleman to an elderly one in a white cravat, whom he overtook a few miles from Little Ilock. 'T am going to heaven, my son. I have been on the way eighteen years.”—• “ Well, good-by, old fellow, if you have been traveling toward heaven eighteen years, and got no nearer to it than Kansas, I will take another route.” —A lew days ago a little chimney sweeper entered the “ tommy ” shop at Usworth Collinery, and asked for a threepenny loaf of bread. The shopman handed him one. The boy looked at it, and said it was a “.small yen.” “ Oh,” said the shopman, “it will be less to carry. ” The lad then put twopence on the counter and “ cut." The shopman hastened to the door and shouted for him to come back, as he had not left money enough.— “ Oh, cried the lad, “it will be less to count. ” . ti-trxa No.ll.