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fffrrf »»»^»>»»»»»»»»»»»*»»»»»»»»^*»»*** »»»»»»»>»*»>»»*~*,*yy'*'* ►> •»•*»»»*»»•* PREPAREDNESS FOR PEACE] ij An Authorized Statement of President Wilson’s Plans { ]! By L. AMES BROWN j No sin** man doubts that the com iiik of peace in Europe "ill modify TW.'i undlv the present conditions of business enterprise in the United States Among economists, a- "*‘11 as pub Heists, opinions differ as to the ex tent t»' which the industries of the nations no" at war "ill he re-ener gized when peace makes them again our competitors ui business. Some 01 our prophets have broadcasted the prediction that European manufacture may then be so speeded up that the resulting tlood of products will swamp 1 our industries unless they are pro tected by a solid tariff bulwark Oth ers, Including President Wilson, hold that America, having husbanded and conserved her great resources while othei nations were passing through the travail of a great war, is better able than ever before to meet the pace ot her international competitors. President Wilson believes that the American position is sound, not only because our resources have not been impaired, as have those of the Eu ropean belligerents, but because our manufacturers have been stimulated and trained by the new demands \ the war has made upon them. They have learned to meet, not only the war needs of Europe, but also those wants at homo which heretofore for eign industry satisfied for u- Final ly, the President attaches great im portance to the fact that the United States has become, by reason of the Federal Reserve Act. the great finan cial power of the world. Keen minded men of every view point are agreed, However, as to tne imminence of severe new tests for : American industry and as to the ne cessity of preparation to meet these tests. A period of intons* competi tion looms up ahead of the nation i. competition of peat* times which pi* b.ibh will not b* comparable to .my international industrial compel i on tite world has ever known. ibes dent Wilson believe.** that pi* paiatio.t foi national defense is the til si and most essential requirement the government is called upon »o meet. Thi> lie legards as a sort of insurance against an irremediable conflagration. But once our house has been put in orrder in this respec:. as h< now believes has been done, it p» * onn > the paramount duty of the government to see to it that the nvst efficient preparation possible is i . ide for the peace which will libel ale the en* rgi« ^ <>t the European pow ers tor industrial activity. Mr \\ il son alreadv has looked ahead to the manner in which this primarv duty of the American government is to be performed, and he has evolved a comprehensive plan of preparation. It is the privilege of the writer of this article to present from intimate knowledge the views President Wil -on has formulated with the object of giving a new and fuller meaning to American efficiency. As soon as industrial preparedness is mentioned the mind of the Ameri can business man turns to the tariff. The tariff is the first line of trenches of American industry, our business men believe, and the first duty of the government officers at work upon an adequate preparedness policy is ) consider the question of tariff revi sion. Neither the President nor the i well-informed business man has ig nored the lesson contained in the an nouncement tnat japan aireauy uss revised her tariff to meet new condi tions: that England is preparing to enact prohibitive duties upon the pro ducts of her enemies and moderate duties upon the products of neutral nations and friendly nations at the close of the war; that Germany will revise all of her commercial treaties in 1917; and that a strong sentiment exists in England, France, Russia and Italy for the negotiation of a commer cial alliance. THE TARIFF MUST BE REVISED. President Wilson considers himself bound by no commitments save to a competitive tariff policy. The Fnder wood-Simmons Tariff Law embodied his ideas of the competitive needB of our industries at the time its sched ules were framed when pre-bellum industrial conditions obtained. His mind is entirely open as to the extent to which competitive conditions may have been modified by the European war. He does not need to be convinc ed that these conditions may be al tered. He is prepared to act upon the facts as they may be gathered and their value impartially assessed through the instrumentality of a non partisan tariff commission. He con siders that an earnest of his open mindedness on tariff revision has been given in his support of the measure adopted at the present ses sion of coni:it--,.- to levy highei dutie. on dystuffs .1 means ot souruu ni'i ossai > industries m the I'nited Si.lies i in President considers lo pe.-dtion, a lure outlined, to tie in .tie strictest accord with the avowed ,i. m i pies ol Ills party fhe taritf comnii sion is tile iiismi mini..lily lli.eiigh which tile l’resi dent e\jH'i'is the government to gath i■ i oe facts needeu loi guidance m adjusting the tariff schedules That would be perhaps the chief purpose of the tariff commission's suggested journey to Europe, though that would be only one phase ot its inquiries. President Wilson is now as thorough ly convinced as anyone that America is not at the period of her destiny when free-trade ideas can he applied m our tariff making consistently with tlie necessity ol revenue. It is an ob vious tact, to which a section of the Democratic leaders, not including the President, persistently has closed its eyes, that all tariff duties in some degree protect the industries con cerned. Tariffs protect, whether drawn wttii an eye to protection or to revenue, and the wisely drawn tariff law—the competitive tariff law -is that which balances revenue fea tures with the nicest sensing of the needs of developing commerce and industry. It can be said that the President will study the reports of tlie tariff commission with the view ot formulating an adjustment of ne cessary tariff levies which will effect tlie fullest measure ot development. There are many paths which lead up the mountainside, but when we reach the peak the same moon we shall see,” says a proverb of old Japan. How applicable it is to the present tariff discussion! Some one has called President Wilson’s atten tion to the fact that fully 50 per cent oi arguments among individuals about tin* tariff grow out of misunderstand ing ol isolated tacts and not out of differeiict-s on fundamental principles. H»- does belio\o that a clear presen tation of the facts relating to the renditions of competition between the ITiited States and foreign coun tries will go far toward weeding out differences of opinion attributable to lack ol information; so far that it wiii l.o possible to formulate a tariff policy for tin- l nited States which will command tin- suppori of an over whelming majority of the people of i he country regardless of partisan affiliations. The possibility of such an approximate agreement on a sub joet that hitherto has divided the electorate into two antagonistic sec tions is attributable in large measure (the President considers) to the de velopment of independent thinking among the voters. The great body of the people (Mr. Wilson believes) have made up their minds that the industries of the coun try ought not to be hampered by a too strict adherence to abstract tariff theories, but that the fullest measure of opportunity should be opened to them so long as the conferring of special privileges is avoided. On the other hand (as tne rresutent under stands the public mind) there is the conviction that our industries ought not to be fattened to the point where apoplexy is threatened; but again, the conviction is just as clear that it would be the height of national fol ly to lower the entire range of tariff duties to such an extent that, coinci dentally, the government would be de prived of an important part of its ac customed revenues and the in dustries of all of their ac customed re-enforcement. So much for the President's views on the tariff, which relate solely to the defensive preparation of American business for the tests to come at the end of the war. The President believes that the aggressive and buoyant spirit of American business is such that it will be more concerned with offensive measures, with preparation to wade into the markets of the world, and to establish American supremacy there. The President’s policy includes nu merous legislative and executive steps through which this preparation is to be accomplished. Most important of these is his plan to procure definite authorization for American firms to co-operate for foreign-selling opera tions without regard to the provisions of the Sherman Anti-Trust Law. The President recognizes that in the past the American government has been somewhat provincial in its attitude toward this need of our export busi ness. The war and the vigorous in vestigation by the Federal Trade Commission have orientated the Presi dent and the government, however. Now it is realized that the great com petitive strength of Germany and the other industrial nations of Europe in i in- paM has been due in large in. us a... to the freedom wilh which their industries were permitted to organize m. purposes ol lo. • ign trade III Luropt- individual companies of lim itation did not need to meet ruinous ■ . impelitiun with other companies of their own nationality, in addition lo the competition of other nations. They could present a solid national Lout. This was accomplished through the organization of syndicates and cartels which have flourished for decades in every great industrial nation except the United States. SET BUSINESS FREE. The President's understanding of the prospective post-bellum conditions holds up to his mind the probability that hereafter American industry may have to compete not only with those solid national organizations, but with international organizations. It is be cause he faces this prospect that the President believes it is high time for i tie American government to strike from our industries some of the shack les in which they have labored be cause the Sherman Law failed to au thorize the needed and wholesome pro cesses of co-operative business orga nization. President Wilson’s attitude toward business organization as a principle for domestic as well as foreign appli cation is different from that which has determined the policy of many government officers in the past. Then the government was so much con cerned with eradicating the flaws in our business structure that, it gave no large measure of thought to de veloping business opportunities. Un der the President’s inspiration the Trade Commission idea has been evolved, whereby the anti-trust di vision of the Department of Justice has been prevented from flourishing its sword over the heads of business organizations merely because of the size of these organizations. Mere bigness is not held to be cause for suspicion by the Trade Commission, which is now the chief instrumen tality of enforcing the anti-trust laws. The Trade Commission has encount ered little dilfieulty in straightening out kinks in commercial organization which involve violations of law be cause business men have been made to realize that the main concern of this body has been the promotion of growth and the development of oppor tunity. The Tariff Commission will find many ways of being useful to the business world if the plans President Wilson has formed for if are follow ul. The war has developed new in dustries in the United States, notably the dyestuff industry. Great benefit can be conferred on industries of this character, the President believes, if the Tariff Commission studies their methods of operation and subsequent ly the methods of operation and the economies which obtain among the European nations, where these indus tries have been longest established and are most efficient. THE TRADE COMMISSION’S JOB. The President expects the Trade Commission to go into the field of foreign tariff duties and to convey to American export organizations com plete data as to the existence and effects of discriminating duties, com mercial treaties and preferential rates; the effects of export bounties and preferential transportation rates; and the effects of any special or dis criminating privilege that may be used against the United States. The scope of the Trade Commis sion's activities, according to the poli cy in the President's mind, includes the development of plans by which American business firms may best prepare themselves for the plunge into the international markets. For example, the standardization of ma terials, manufacturing methods anti products, so that a uniformity of quality and price may be maintained in foreign markets, will obviate many of the difficulties experienced by American exporters in keeping up their historic endeavor to compete with one another. Another measure approved by the President is the de velopment of a system of accounting which will enable the American busi ness man to tell more accurately what it costs him to turn out his product. The President was surpris ed recently to learn front Federal Trade Commissioner Hurley that, whereas 50 per cent of German manu facturers can compute the exact cost of their products, only 10 per cent of American manufacturers can do so. In general, the President intends that the Trade Commission shall ap ply itself vigorously to methods of reducing the cost and increasing the | efficiency of production The President is wholly committed * ’diUi" f *r maintain.ng and devel »piilg h* an ;mii aiion lacilii.r a ■.m dispo i| of the nation's business lli> \i* v\s f>n the need for an Ameri can merchant marine, such as will n sure American inanuufurtu; «*, s . of conveying their producl- ft. i.»i. - ... markets without depending on mini nations, are now well known, and tin shipping hill which embodies his idea . is now before congress. The public is not so well informed, how ever, as to the President's attitude respecting the conservation and tie velopiiietit ol out domestic’ transput* tat ion facilities, namely, the* rail r..ads With a view to obtaining the real facts about the difficulties con fronting our great railroad com panics, the* President has brought about the* creation of a Congressional Commission to make a thoroughgoing inquiry into all phases of railroad problems The President does not ignore the fact that in many instanc es the State Railroad Commissions and the Federal Interstate Commerce Commission have worked at cross purposes, thereby seriously retarding the development of the roads as na tional utilities. The President’s mind is open on the subject of Federal incorporation and he will embody in his constructive business policy the conclusions which may seem Justified by the investigation of the Congres sional Commission. WELCOMES "DOLLAR EXCHANGE" There are many other phases of the railroad problem, however, re garding which the President desires the public to be better informed so that the government may be enabled more fully to do its duty by the roads. These relate to credits and methods of expansion, as well as to schemes of regulation; and, most important of all. to the spirit in which the pub lic is to approach all questions re lating to the welfare of the common carriers, Another phase of the President’s plans centers around his desire to provide means of assuring to the country the most efficient exertion of its great accumulated financial strength at the end of the war. The United States has more gold than either group of the European belligerents and her financial position is incomparably stronger than that of any European nation with which we are shortly to engage in competition. But the President faces the fact that this new and happy condition has been created by the war and that plans must now be evolved for ex panding our new credit structure if the nation’s industries are to reap the full benefits of our great financial strength when peace comes. The President believes that one of the measures which should be taken toward this end is the establishment of joint agencies of the Federal re serve banks in Europe as soon as sufficiently stable conditions are re stored there. He also favors the es tablishment of such agencies in South America. It is his policy further to encourage American banking institu tions to establish foreign branches in South America, where American trade is endeavoring to establish new foot holds, and in general to adopt the most liberal attitude permissible while observing the spirit of the Federal Reserve Act. The develop ment of "dollar exchange" he con templates with real enthusiasm. THE GOVERNMENT MUST HELP BUSINESS. The President’s policy may be sum marized in the statement that he de sires the government to assume the role of the vigorous and robust friend of American business men in their endeavors to cope with competitors from other nations. This general statement covers not only the meas ures which have been discussed in this article and the holding of fi nancial conferences between the United States and countries with which our trade may be expanded, but other concrete ideas for legisla tive enactments and executive acts which will promot the same purpose. The President believes that the measures which his administration has taken for conserving and ener gizing American labor are part and parcel of the policy which I have been permitted here to set forth. IN DISTRICT COURT Yesterday in the case of Day vs Day a decree of divorce was granted the plaintiff by Judge K. Bunnell. The decree was denied on the first charge, that of desertion, but was granted on the second, that of cruel ty. The court ordered the payment of $60 a month to the defendant by the plaintiff, alimony during the mi nority of the children. In the case of Waechter vs Cape well the complaint was allowed by the court in all except $25.50. Most of the time yesterday was taken up with the case of the First National Bank vs F. G. Noyes. John L. McGinn, attorney for the plaintiff, completed his argument, and Fernand de Journel, attorney for the defendant, will begin his argument tomorrow morning at 10 o'clock. | Town liossip and Stories j | Bv (he tattler. | HE 0 rn.L 11 A Jackson came SifiELLo recently from Iluby CHEESE on a launch He had been working fot the road commission on the new road through the Kuskokwim country Jack son himself is a well known con noisseur in the matter of dining and rather prides himself on that art. It seems that the launch was not plentifully supplied with food. How ever, there was in the stores a piece ol very fragrant limburger cheese. The cook asked the passengers how they would like that. Jackson and one other of the passengers said that they could not bear to think of eating such stuff. Then they went on to analyze in no very flattering way the mind of a man who would eat such Junk Very likely Jackson called them "bottc heads." Finally the cook became sligluly peeved, and decided to try out Jack son's knowledge. So he put the cheese into some soup and placed it upon the table for the gentlemen. They ate it with much gusto, and Jackson was one among the first to commend Its delicate flavor. However, the cook was not satis fied with that. Jackson was too easy, so he took the engineer’s war bag. Well, the cook wonders what "Jack" will do when he next opens It. "DAYLIGHT" An oldtimer tells a GETS BACK story' on Jack Lon AT LONDON, don. He came to Alaska during the stampede ot 1898. At that time he was a boy of seventeen or nineteen, and, of course, he had many experi ences. One time he went out on the river to get a pail of water. As the river was covered with ice, he had to chop through that before he could get to the universal solvent. He chopped a while and then exclaimed to the interested miners: "I'll be d-d! Look at the sparks fly out of the ice!" He was chopping gravel. HE WILL There is one young BE SOME man in town who can PLAYER be found almost any time of the day play ing billiards in a local club. He will be some player if he keeps it up. He has the old sharks at the game leary of him right now Then he is practicing every moment he can spate from his business across the street. Now he gets so interested in the game that he talks to himself about the shot he is about to make. "Hit her thin and put the english on that side," he will say. A little later he remarks: "Yes, I'll play anothei game." "That's a follow shot.” "I'll play 'er to that cushion this time." * • * JUST A A few days ago a MATTER OF clipping from a Seat GOSSIP. lie paper was re received here rela tive to the supposed relations of a well known young couple of Fair banks. The clipping said that the young lady in question had been awarded a decision in the courts for $20,000 under breach of promise pro ceedings and that if she could find the young man she could collect. That is the extent of what Fair banks knows, despite reports to the contrary reflecting on both parties concerned. Both of the young people went Out side early in the summer. He went first, to be followed a few weeks later by the young lady in question. He came back; she did not. There fore, if she is looking for him, to col lect that $20,000, she can find him at Nenana. * * * TWO CAN Bears of Kodiak Is PLAY AT Innd have become THE GAME, famous for their fe rocity and (tameness. In the big game hunting world they are put in the same class as the wild boars of Germany and the tigers of Bengal. Therefore, since in certain times of the year they go hunting men. it takes no small amount of nerve anti a good sized gun to face them. They even come to the out skirts of the towns, and do not hesi tate to attack men. Recently there were two ladies of the island who made up their minds that they would like, above all things, to shoot a bear. Naturally, some one of the other sex had to suffer. This time, since the ladies were unmarried and strangers in the district, the best hunter in the region was the goat. He was afraid to take them out to hunt the lesser variety, let one of the big fellows should butt in on the excursion. But they would not permit him to rest until at last he consented to take them out. The night before the trip he took a bear skin and filled it with hay. Then he lugged the dummy back a ways on the trail. In the morning the hunters started out. The man i ->-.;s scared shaky for feat one oi tin real bears would appear. How ••ver, none came. He led them to a point trout which the dummy could be seen Front | there he pointed out to them j the bear. They both screamed, as a | matter of course, but at the samt* I time they began to pump lead into | the beat The dummy looked like ! .1 worn out scarecrow when they got through, for they could shoot. Then they discovered the trick Well, it is better not to tell what they said but most any man with a sister can imagine. Some days later the hunter was sitting in his cabin reading a very interesting book. Suddenly he heard a curious scratching on the door. He made not a sound, and the scratch ing was continued. Finally he thought it must be his doog He went to the door and opened it. A bear fell in upon him. In a moment all his past misdeeds sprang through his mind, for he was sure his time had come. It seemed hours before he heard someone laugh. Then he knew the women had jobbed him. • * * TWO DOGS There are two dogs i IN THE tha! live nearby HOUSE. which offer a very strong contrast, both | in character and looks. One of them is a good sized fellow. However, he has a very poor opinion of him self, and permits the other to put it all over hint. The other day the big dog wanted something inside of the house, or rather, on the porch, but the little fellow did not permit hint to set his loot on the door sill The small dog ha a hark that increases in proportion it* his lack of sic The Ofhe. !s much iliipres •»«!. li a pci son reaches out to pat him the big ger one i.-, afraid to It t it be dotit He se*-ms to be airaid that the put will b»- followed by a kick He come ill most close enough U> be to tched and then sneaks away. The smaller dog runs right up to a person, balking and wagging his tall at the same time. Moreover, it is a bark that sounds like it has a bite behind it. A man is troubled like the Irishman. He doesn’t know which end to believe. The little lellow has feet like snow shoes and an aristocratic disposition Once, when The Tattler met him foi the first time, he stood in the door way and barked. It was like one ol those big guns they use on the war front. Every time he barked the explosion blew him off both front feet The Tattler slid in with as little disturbance as possible • • • ONE WAY Not long ago a man TO GET from the lower river THE LICE. was telling ol an in genious method some of the Indians have for getting rid of lice. Ordinarily the man a p. r 3011 ol truth and veracity, hut the stor> w.-s -old to a eheechako. When this tiilie ol Indians find tile lice too thick for .'milfoil they lake off their clothing ami burn It It’ll is of little value Then each Indian taker. .1 hollow straw in his mouth and wades out into the river. lie wade showy out ut;ul ju t the whis.o of gras;- is above tl.e water. tie breuth.-s through tit*' straw The lira, in tlie meantime, in or der to escape the water, have crawl ed upward as the warn.;, entered the water. When they are all on the straw the Indian ducks under water and away goes the grass with its burden of lice down the liver. »»»»»«#»»»»»*»»»»*»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»»» * « | Interesting Items from Stageland \ "Polly'Hnna,” a comedy in four acts b> Catherine Chisholm Cushing, based on the novel of the same name b> Kleanor Porter, was produced by Klaw Krlanger and George C. Tyler at the Hudson theatre, New York, on Sept. 18. * * * Hazel Dawn has been engaged by Charles Dillingham and F. Ziegfeld, Jr., for a leading part in their pro duction ol 'The Century Oirl," which will open at the Century early next month. Since her appearance in "The Debutante" at the Knicker bocker theatre two seasons ago, Miss Dawn has been playing in motion pictures. * ♦ * Francis Carlyle, an actor, who had appeared in many famous plays, died in Hartford, Conn., Sept. 15, at the home of a sister. He was born in England forty-eight years ago, and began his stage career at the age of IS. * * * Oliver Morosco, who lor several years has been planning to acquire a New York theatre, has completed negotiations whereby he has leased one of the playhouses now being built in Forty fifth street by the Shu be its. The new theatre will be known as the Morosco, and it will be opened about Jan 1 with a musical play, "Canary Cottage," now In its tenth week at the Cort theatre in San Francisco. * a * Julia Arthur, who returned to the stage last season after a long ab sence to play the stellar role in "The Eternal Magdalene," has formed a company "for the production and presentation of plays and other stage attractions.” The firm, which has been capitalized at $15,000, will be known as the Julia Arthur Company. Its directors are Julia Arthur Cheney, William A. Hoy and Charles Cl. Bo chert, of 56 Wall street, New York. * * * Itichard Mansfield, Jr., made his debut as a professional actor at New London, Conn., under the direction of "Old Heidelberg,” playing tin- part of I’rince Karl, which his father made famous. He is 18 years old, visited a theatre for the first time three years ago, never saw his father act and did not expect to choose a stage career. Hereditary instinct prevailed, however. He gave a very creditable performance, it is said. V • * IN “MOVIE" LAND. “Neal of the Navy” is the name of the splendid new serial to start at Thorne's tomorrow night. * « * Marshal Neilan is directing Blanche Sweet in "The Tides of Barnegat.” * * * "Around the World in Eighty Days,” a visualization of Jules Verne's story, was released last month by the Herald Film corporation. The plcturization will be In six parts. * * • "The Scarlet Runner.” by C. N. and A. M. Williamson, a new serial which promises to have a great vogue, has two pointB of novelty. Each epi sode, there will be twelve, will tell I a complete story, and ♦*ach ♦ pisodo I will introduce Karle W illiams and a ! different leading woman. * * * j ThedR Dura completed her seven j teenth film for William Fox last | month, once more in a "vampire” I role. + * * Maximova will be seen in the Her bert Brenon visualization of "War Brides," in which she will be sup ported by Charles Bryant and a splen I did cast. * • * From Thomas H I nee’s headquar ters conies the report that Pope Bene dict XV. has expressed a desire to see “Civilization." with the intention of enlisting the picture's aid in his peace propaganda. Mr. Ince states j thal he will provide every facilltv I for exhiblltion of the feature at the 1 Vatican. N. Y. Mirror. * * * Edward Jose, seen with Theda Bara . in "A Fool There Was," and later ’ with Betty Nansen In "A Celebrated Scandal," etc., lias just taken a vaca tion after sixty consecutive weeks of work producing pictures for Pat he. * # * The Vitagraph company is to pre sent "Caste," with Sir John Hare in the role of old Eccles. He is to be supported by Peggy Hyland, who i lias Just played her first Vitagraph picture as leading woman for E. H. Sothern. * * * “The Light That Failed," the firm Kipling book to be filmed, was re leased on the 15th of this month. Edward Jose produced the picture, and Mr. Kipling took a most active interest in the production, making suggestions as to the scenario and writing the sub-titles himself. Robert Edeson plays the lead. * • • Booth Tarkington's novel, “The Conquest of Canaan," has been pic turlzed by the Frohman Amusement company. DOMESTIC SCIENCE. Mary’s at the cooking school. For summer education. She follows every little rule With careful concentration. She baked a pie the other duy; No pie was ever thinner. We cut it with a pair of shears We borrowed from a tinner. Mary's good at baking cake With frosting spread all over, And when she has a chance to bake. Why then she is in clover. She baked a cake the other day; No cake could ever match it. We didn’t use a knife at all, But broke it with a hatchet. —W. H. James in St, lx>uis Post dispatch. She fills her fireless cooker With seven kindR of grub; Turns on the suds and puts her duds Into the scrubless tub. She starts the dustless sweeper On gear keyed down to low— And then she up and beats It— And goes to a picture show.