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s : . RAILROAD' TRAVEL May y. Relegate Steam Locomotives and Heavy Coaches to the Scrap Heap. FINANCIAL GIANTS Men of Millions Stand Ready to Test Practica bility of Scheme of Howard Hansel Tunis Speed of 150 Miles an Hour Is Among Promises Made. New York. A young mechanical en- . ktuui , (vi m utuQ iuuio uiui uim years, has been mystifying and amus ing persons living near his father's hnmn at Wtnrtanr Hill Inat nutate a rt ' Baltimore, by his experiments with a ' atructed. Recently all the newspapers in the city contained the authoritative an- ' nouncement that John H. Starln, who au mane minions in transportation enterprises; Charles Stewart Smith nit Wnnithnrv Tjimrrlnn . all mmnhtH of the .Rapid Transit commission, were to back a company which will build , this young engineer's single rail rail- road from Jersey City to Newark. A . . g uriutu ttuuuuuqeweut ot me incor poration of the new "mono-road" com pany Is expected soon to be made In Trenton, and this, It Is announced, Is to be followed In the next four or five , weexs Dy me announcement or a aeai by which the new company has ac quired a franchise and terminal sites la the two cities rights presumably owned hv soma existing eomnanv. In- rail trains will be skimming across Nthe marshes from Jersey City to New ' ark, realizing the newest slogan In modern rapid transit: ,"To Newark In ten minutes. Idea Is Revolutionary. If what the young Baltimore en gineer confidently claims for his "mono-road" be true and he has con vinced such hard-headed business men as Starln, Langdon and Smith that it , Is true modern, railroading will be .revolutionized by his Invention. It will relegate to the scrap heap the two-track railroad, tne ponderous, coai , eating locomotive and the big, heavy eight-wheeled cars along with the stage . coach and the paddle-wheeled steamboat ' His new Invention, if .his claims are well founded, Is as far neaa 01 tne iocomouTc-arwn train, . mnnlnff nn Iva ro V D tha flvlntf machine Is ahead of the balloon. That trains will run easily at' a Deed of 150 miles an hour on a single rail In perfect safety, without vibra tion ana tne swinging siae-wise mo tion of the present day railroad trains, and that tracks and cars can be built and operated at less than half the cost of the present equipment this, In brief, is the young engineer s claim. ,- That ne can oo wnat ne says is not only believed by a practical transpor- tatlOn man Ot V -yeura eiiwrieuw like John H. Starln Jk4it by . a big firm In Wall street which has agreed to un . derwrlte all the bonds required to pat through the Jersey, City to Newark "mono-road." and by scores of others who have Investigated the new plant and .tre anxious to become financially Interested in it. . First Practice Test ; 'v: C : Suiting on a short half-mile stretch k LI IUD1H kUO J".-- . , at Jamestown, the first practical test or tne new roaa was muu m yuuuw, although for three years the young in--ventor, Hbward Hansel Tunis, ' has , been experimenting In the uburbs of Baltimore. i .', f. ' f ' '.' 1l If J """""""""""" errpjVAf merr j ' "i More than a dozen noted engineers, nm6n them Chief Engineer George S. Bice, f ? the Rapid Transit commission. tave 'ryeBti?ated the new Invention and ' pronounced it " practical. Cone of them axtsrt that It will rev ," clntlcnlze m6dern railroading because ctrZ t Vrtr-.crsiaua ficl 4 which it ARE INTERESTED makes , possible and because of the vastly diminished cost of building and operation. ,.- ' , Negotiations are under way to ob tain the rights needed before building of the track can be begun and, al though secrecy is maintained on this point and the precise route selected is closely guarded, it ia understood that the backers of the company are ne gotiating for franchise rights and ter minal sites already possessed by an existing corporation. Easy to Lay Tracks. According to an interview printed In the Newark newspapers, the linking of the new "mono-rail" line with the McAdoo tunnel is a possibility. Blon L. Burrows says that It would be a matter of the greatest ease to run the trains from the "mono-rail" road right Into and through the McAdoo tunnel without interfering with the operation of trains over the two rail line. All that would be necessary would be the laying of a single rail between the two rails, and the installation of the neces sary overhead rails to preserve the equilibrium of the "mono-rail" trains. If this is done, It Is asserted, pas sengers can be carried from Newark to the heart of Manhattan in ten min utes. . That he is willing to enter Into an operating agreement with ' the "mono-rail" company, William Mo Adoo, head of the tunnel company, la quoted as saying. This new "mono-rail" system. In vented by the young Baltlmorlan, Is totally different from the various other "mono-rail" 'systems,-some of which are in practical operation In England, Ireland, Germany and Austria-Hungary, and others of which are seeking a foothold.. It is entirely unlike the system, for instance, for which F. B. Behr, an Englishman, has been seek ing a franchise between Atlantic Ferry, Brooklyn and Coney island. On Mr. Behr's road the cars "straddle" a single triangular rail. In Germany the "mono-rail" system which has been successfully operated is one from which the cars hang suspended. In Ireland there is a system In operation very similar to the Behr system. . The young Baltimore engineer's plan, however, differs . radically from all of these, and Is, according to his claims, safer, faster and cheaper by far to build. Construction Details. r The single track Is laid across ties about three and a half feet In length the same sort ot ties ' used In the construction of the present day two rail tracks, except that they are short er. Sixty-pound rails Instead of the stsndard 100-pound rails are used. Overhead, 30 inches apart are sus pended two parallel rails, L-shaped on the inside. ; TUcso oveihead rails are supported by fcteel pillars placed at Intervals along the side ot the road and connected by steel . beams stretched across the track. ' . ; . ; On top ot each car at both ends Is attached an inverted truck. This is raised f rom the car by a strong steel am, corresponding to"TKyer pole, and the four wheels attached to the Inverted truck lit Into the "L"-shaped lnnef surface of the overhead tracks. The trucks are In the .form of an X. with a wheel at each ot , the four points of the "X." 1 Tha '7 Is flexible, opening and clofilng to accommodate Itself to the curves. ; .'. i it Is this overhead truck, arranrs- rryrm rM uacjr I I vbioB constitutes the distinctive feature of the invention of the young Baltimore Wo, and marks its greatest difference from the other "mono-rail" Inventions. The overhead truck ar rangement, with the four wheels, hori sontally set and working on the Inside of the overhead tracks, steadies tho car and gives it its equilibrium. Pow er is also transmitted from these over head wires for the operation of the cars.. ; -" ' ' One of the claims made for the Tunis "mono-rail" is that trains run ning on It will be practically noiseless. One reason given for this is that the guide wheels on top, which run in the overhead rails, are of cast iron, oak and leather and are b6 constructed as to , make but little noise. They also have ball-bearings and this makes tre mendous speed possible. The guide wheels are only eight . inches in diameter and less than two Inohes thick. Another feature of the car which contributes to Its nolsele'ssness Is the use of the direct current motor. Engineer Tunis claims that the only proper system of .. railroad construc tion is the single track, because the double tracks are in opposition to the laws of gravity, and make necessary tremendously heavy cars. In his cars, Tunis explains, the bot tom will be but 20 Inches above the rail, and thus the center of gravity will be very low. The cars will have an almost perfect equilibrium, even ABOVS a without being steadied by the over head arrangement Cars Will Be Light Then, the cars are to be extremely light as compared with modern rail road cars another element contribut ing to high speed. They will not weigh over seven tons. t Right here, In the two points Just referred to, is the great advantage claimed by the backers of Engineer Tunls's system. Mr. Burrows in de scribing Its advantages said that en gineers had long recognized the fact that thd great sprawling cars of the present, with their immense weight, are theoretically wrong. ' "These big heavy cars are In effect houses set upon wheels," he said. "These wheels are placed four" feet eight and one-half inches, apart, with the center of gravity between them. The first and -greatest essential to the whole system is that the cars must be heavy In order to remain on the tracks. . Here, then, Is the whole key to railroad inefficiency, that in a sys tem whose only excuse for being Is the ability . to make speed the prin cipal requisite should be great weight In short, having to overcome gravita tion, they start out by making it im possible. It requires no great mechan ical ability to discover that a one-rail track Is greatly superior to a two-rail track, if one goes no further than to see that one wheel will only have half the obstacles to overcome that two have." ; 1 : y . ! . ' 'n Economy In Operation. , Still another claim for the mono-rail trains Is that they can' be operated very much cheaper because, of the economy In power it is possible to realize. According to railroad men. from 15 to SO per cent of the power used to operate trains Is lost in the sldewlse, swinging motion of "cars. Tho .Tunis, mono-rail trains,' it Is de clared, have a straight ahead motion, without any side-swing. ' ; ' . Nothing which ever " moved on wheels ran equal tho speed claimed for the Tunis "mono-rail" trains. One hundred miles an hour is an easy mat ter, and the cars can be pushed to 150 miles without any difficulty. And; while the cars are going at this speed, it is claimed that the motion Is so gentle that passengers are barely aware of the fact that they are mov ing, Tho Jerky, swinging motion of two rail trains is declared to be en tirely absent , ' A K all this were not enough to eamplete the ecltpa t the presesv system of railroad construction and establish the ' "mono-rail" as pre-eminent, still another tremendous ad vantage Is claimed, and this Is the most, important ot all the matter of cost '"., '. . . ."' It is the cheapness of the cost of the system, which, ; if It is what is claimed for it, threatens to revolu tionize railroad construction. Means Immense Saving. ' According ' to the estimates made for the New Yor.k backers, of the project, a four-trajky elevated line, such as it Is proposed to build be tween Jersey .City and Newark, can be constructed for $75,000 per mile. To build a four-track elevated road, similar to the present elevated system in this city, would cost $900,000 per mile. This does not include the cost of power or equipment only .the structure and tracks. y ' V The projectors of the new - enter prise figure upon building the eight miles of elevated track between Jer sey City and Newark for $2,000,000. To build the ordinary type of elevated road, with four tracks, would cost 'be tween $7,000,000 and $8,000,000. . It Is this cheapness of cost which In spires the backers of the enterprise to hope that they will reap tremen dous profits, and that the success of this initial road between the two Jer sey cities will be followed quickly by the building of similar roads all over the United States. The overhead truck system used In the Tunis sys tem is patented. Much Interest Aroused. How active Interest in "mono-rail" railroads Is, Is shown by the fact that following the announcement of the plans to build the New Jersey line, the promoters of the company have been besieged with Inquiries from per sons who want to Introduce the sys tem in other places. One, Inquirer was a capitalist who holds the con cession for a 400-mile railroad In South America, much of the route ot which runs through inaccessible coun try.. The Tunis "mono-rail" Is es pecially adapted for use in a rough country because of the fact that the lightness of the cars makes It possible to operate the trains up almost any reasonable grade. To all these Inquirers the promo ters say they haVe replied that Ihey are not in the field for the exploita tion ot the new system, or even foi money making. Mr. Starln, the leader In the enterprise, has announced that his object Is not to make money so much as to nut into practical use an Invention which he believes to be the ' coming railroad system of the future. . No Stock to Be Sold. His hope to' have a railroad which will' carry 'people from this city to Newark in almost an inappreciable space of time, and to give an example to other railroad companies in the good treatment of employes. It Is an nounced that no stock of the new com pany Is to be put bn the market, and that all the money that Is wanted to push the enterprise will be realized by an Issue of bonds at the right tlms A big Wall street firm has alreadj agreed to underwrite them. Expert System to Be Popular. That they ultimately expect their system . to be widely Introduced the promoters of the new road do not at tempt to conceal. . This, they expect, will speedily follow a practical demon stration of its success. ' , Howard Hansel Tunis,-the young in ventor :, of the system, : is at James town, where Je Is superintending the running of trains over tho experi mental half-mile trask. Tunis wanted a much .longer track; but It Is said that the trolley companies of Nor: folk were too influential with the position manazomcnt aid he was r StrlCte4. V ; DAVID, THE SHEPHERD LAD STORY BY THE HIGHWAY AND BYWAY" PREACHER (Ooprriskt, urn, li Uw AuUwr, W. ft. SUwa.) Scripture Authority; 1 Samuel, chapter 19. - 8ERMONETTE. "How long wilt thou mourn for4 Saul, seeing I have rejected him from reigning over Israel V The prophet Samuel needed to be aroused from his personal' grief and disappointment to an appreciation of the larger pur poses and plans of God. These are never limited to the meas ure of a human life. One per son to whom a work has been assigned may fail, but there Is always another to take up the task and carry It to successful conclusion. There Is little profit In lingering over the ship wrecked life. Rather, there Is need to lift the eyes In hope to the future, that the one to whom God has assigned the unfinished task or the vacant place may be discovered. Samuel was per mitting the grief of his own heart to hinder his seeing and feeling In harmony with God's will. The larger vision Is need ed to break the power of the natural Impulses of the heart and life. It Is hard to give up friends In whom have centered our Ideals and hopes, but It must be done when the Divine will so indicates. Samuel must cease to look backward. He must look to the promise of the future. ' "For the Lord seeth not as ' man seeth; for man looketh on the outward appearance, but the . Lord looketh on tho heart." A statement full of comfort to the one whose heart Is open to wards God and the currents of whose , life are running parallel to the Divine will, but one full of disconcerting thought to the person whose heart harbors wrong thoughts and desires and covers up the hidden Impulses of life, so that the outward con duct Is but the showy veneer put on for appearance's sake. Man's vision Is but skin deep, and the man he .sees Is not the man God sees as his all-seeing eye penetrates the veneer and uncovers the real man within. God looketh upon the heart, be cause out of the heart are the Issues of life. As a man think eth so Is he; that Is, as a man Is In his heart so Is his life bound to be and ultimately that life will stand revealed before men, no matter how cleverly the veneer of pretense is applied. To the hypocrite, the pretender, the person of the double life, the thought that God sees be hind the mask should make one pause and take knowledge of his ways; should lead him to re pent and to get the heart right with God. v There fs comfort In the thought of God looking on the heart and knowing what Is there to the person, who, mis understood and' misjudged by those about him, has tried with the purest motives to do his best, even though he hss blun dered and fallen short of per feet standards, yet he 'knows that God understsnds and ac cepts the life and the service not for what It has been, but for what It has Intended to be. God saw In the boy David the future man, "after , his own heart," and he. sees In you and me not so much what we are, but what we can become by his graoe. - THE STORY. THE hills about Bethlehem were green and beautiful that fresh spring morning. Here and there amidst the rolling carpet of green bright-faced flowers all glistening with the dew turned to greet the sun as it burst above1 the tree-skirted hilltop. ' The glad songs of the birds floated out on the gentle breezes as they skimmed tho surface of the meadows or rested on some leafy bird swing temptingly offered by the friendly trees. , All nature seemed to be rejoicing, and the heart of young David re sponded to the glad note aa he led his sheep out to the green pasture and beside the still waters. They knew and loved the lightsome, cheery ring of that 'strong young voice, and gladly followed where he led, and then grazed contentedly while he sat under the chado of come olive or fig tree' and played on hit harp the wild, sweet muslo' he had learned from the rip pling waters and from the birds that came to accept his challenge of song and pour out their little souls Id re sponse to the vibrant ; notes of hi harp, and the clear, full tones of his Voice..-' -, ' ' '.' V . On this particular morning David was unusually glad, Just why he could not tell, save, that the morning, was so, fresh an 1 sweet, the air to full of fragrance and nature's : rare music; the sheep and lambs so full ot life and glad to leave the corral and gain the freedom of the bjllsld paiturar This morning as he had left the house a messenger had come announc- -lng the coming of Samuel, the proph et of Israel, to hold a sacrifice - and feast at Bethlehem. His mother had wanted blm to remain to the feast, but-his. older brothers had objected, declaring that It was more Important ' that the sheep be put out to pasture, and that anyway he was not old enough to share In such occasions. The first tinge of disappointment which h bad felt had given place-to a feeling of light-hearted gladness, a he remembered that he was more at home with the Lord in the. fields and' amidst his sheep than he was upon tho formal occasion of worship, As he led his sheep, choosing the smoothest and ' easiest paths, and watching for the coolest, greenest spots for the sheep to pasture, he thought of the Lord as his great shep herd leading him, and caring for him, and with the thought had come as we have said, an Inexpressible sense of Joy and gladness which , he did not . understand himself. He knew that the nature-about him spoke a familiar language to his heart and told him of the Ood which Israel worshiped. He knew that he loved his sheep and Abat as he cared for them he found de light in thinking of God's care for him. He wondered now, as he walked along, whether he was. as willing to trust God as his sheep were wiling to trust him, and whether he was as willing to be obedient to the Divine will as they were to obey his voice. "No," he said, suddenly rousing himself as his watchful eye noted that one of the young sheep had reck lessly wandered far up the hillside, and was even then disappearing Into the dense growth of underbrush. "No, I am Just like that straying sheep. I wander so often in forbidden paths. But," he added, cheerfully, as he hur ried off after the truant, "the Lord goes out after me and brings me back, even as I must go and bring him back." But David had covered scarcely half ' of the distance to the point where he had seen the lamb disappear when he heard the most piteous bleating as though he had fallen Into some snare or had been seized by some wild beast Without thought of danger to himself, David broke into a run and plunged Into the thick Jungle-like growth, from which came the sound of the bleating. , In the semi-darkness ot the densely shaded place David could not see clearly, but with no other thought than that of reaching his precious sheep he continued his rapid flight towards the place from which the sounds of distress came, and before he realized it he suddenly stumbled and almost fell over a soft-yielding something, which turned and faced him with a fierce, muffled growl. David took In the situation at a glance, and with a quickness which took the beast by surprise, he dealt it a stunning blow between the eyes with his heavy staff, at the same time seizing the lamb and placing It behind him. Then with a prayer that God would help him, he waited the attack of the creature, which was now Infu riated at the loss ot its meal. As the creature sprang into the air at his throat, he bent his lithe body to one side and then with the quickness ot a cat he was upon the beast almost before it bad touched the ground.. For tunately It landed between two Jut ting pieces of rock in such a way as to pinion its body so that with the weight of David's body upon, it It was unable to extricate itself, and the more desperately it struggled, the more tightly did It become wedg-d between the edges of the unyielding; rock. It was the work of but a mo ment for David to unfasten the sling of strong thongs whleh he carried at , his side, and to bring it taut about the neck of the animal beneath him.. Then with ever tightening colls he slowly choked the animal to death. . ' "The Lord, my shepherd, did help me to save my sheep," he exclaimed, gratefully, as he lifted the lamb he had Just rescued from the ground where It had Iain in abject fear, and examined it to see If It had been in jured. . "I am glad now that I did not stay to the feast and sacrifice. It was better that I should be here. Sure ly, I have been of more service here than I could have been there and I guess the Lord was nearer to me here than he could have been had .1 re mained to see the prophet But I wonder what mission he had to the house of Jesse, my father. Perhaps," he, continued musingly as he hurried back to the rest of his sheep which he found grazing quietly, "perhaps It was to call Eliab, the eldest, to some special work. Surely he Is a fine fel low and deserving of such good for tune." And seating himself again In the shade of the tree he took up bis harp and began to play softly, while his thoughts busied themselves with picturing the future for his brother. And then he got to wondering what he was going to do when he got to be a man grown." ".--,'v'u ' y "My, I would like to be a great lead-' er like Moses or Joshua," he exclaim ed, enthusiastically; '!; l then 'as his eyes rested 'on !!" seep, briznz him to. the .present rtrponslfcilliy, he added: "And I V.!l try and do ny. best here. ' Yes, I ai sJwtya going to try and do my best I am sure God will like to. have me do that, -whatever may be the task." V .; -- , A sharp hallo Interrupted his, fur-' tfaer thought and loon C"-b, ' fcla ' brother, was standing before tin. "What did the prophet give yon t do?", he asked,, easerly.. t ' "For met" E:.ab repeittj half sul lenly. "Nothlns, Izt ts t:tt.f-j thee, and will cot surer tit f;:t tv continue uatll.ttou irt ct.zx I t j stay with the the. Ca ,:.m . t i ? If