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4 HORTICULTURE F. WALDEN SOME TIME since I wrote a note relative to a man at Portland, Ore., who has a dope for all pests that af flict the fruit growers. He bores a hole into the trunk of the trees and puts his "cure" in there and it does the work like a jiffy by killing all the insects, fungi and bacteria. Professor Thatcher, as I stated, tried to catch the fellow by getting him to commit himself under oath, as I now remem ber, but he was too wary for that and gave the professor a batch of abuse for his incredulity. A gentleman who signs his name A Nichaus, if I make it out correctly, writes me from Hood River, Ore., as follows: "The man who wrote that letter to Prof. Thatch er is probably the same man who vic timized a good many fruit growers in Michigan; among the victims is the experiment station at South Haven, Mich. The fellow was denounced in the papers—that is the reason why he is looking for victims out here." And this leads me to say, what I have often said before, that all these fel lows who travel around with some nostrum that is said to be a cure for the ills that beset the fruit grower in the shape of insects and diseases should be give a wide berth. * * * I see that the "seedless apple fraud" is still marching on. Even so reputa ble a paper as the American Agri culturist is helping the matter on. "How is the mighty fallen." In my young days I read the American Agri culturist and learned to like it and trust- it. This great paper claims to have sent a man to investigate the claims of this apple and then pub lishes his report. From this report I quote as follows: "From the sam ple apples sent, you will see that this variety has great commercial value." Between the word "has" and "great" is a blank space where I suspect the man used the word "no." With that word inserted the statement would be true. If any paper is anxious to know the truth about this seedless apple let the manager write H. E. Van De man, the noted pomologist, and he can tell something about the origin of this much lauded apple. Van Deman showed the matter up in these col umns last summer and I have the original copy of his article in my hands and am keeping it as a souve nir. After reading this article of Van Deman's, if any man still wants to bite at this seedless apple scheme, he deserves to be fleeced. * * * In my codling moth investigations relative to the prevalence of this in sect in the Puget Sound country I wrote Chas. H. Ross, of Puyallup. I give his reply, for it throws much additional light on the subject. Mr. Ross says: "While we are seldom troubled with codling moth we are not by any means immune from them. It is my experience that when we have a long dry summer we are liable to be troubled with them, especially in our fall fruit, more particularly the Gravenstein apple. I believe that SWIFTS ARSENATE OF LEAD KILLS the CODLIN MOTH Horticultural Societies May it'a the bent Tree Bpray for I'acillc \»i tlmest. It -ticks, rain or shine. Never scorches. 11. far the safest and cheapest. 4*ood fur vegetables. We aell it by pound, pall, ke„ or carload. Experiences of fruit -uriiHii. and valuable information in cir cular and booklet, FHKK postpaid on request. WOODARD, CLARKE & CO. sole acts. WHOLESALE DRUGGISTS PORTLAND, ORE. , —— Rubber Stamps Stencils, Enamel and Aluminum Letters, Badges, Numbering Machines, Notary and Corporate Seals, etc. Send for catalog No. 25. Absolutely eastern prices. Phoenix Commercial Stamp Works, Baker Bldg., 2nd Aye. S. and Main St., Seattle. THE RANCH, SEATTLE, WASHINGTON it is generally conceded that the cod ling moth does its work at night. If this is true, it is easily seen that the warm dry nights would be conducive to its propagation. However, on ac count of our superabundance of mois ture and cool nights on this side of the mountains, I question whether it will ever be a serious menace to our orchards. Some seasons none are detected. While you are investigat ing the codling moth, I would like to know what are the latest conclu sions about the codling moth being attracted by light. While at the Pan American exposition in charge of the fruit exhibit from the state of Wash ington, I met Mr. Hazeltine, the in ventor of the "codling moth lantern." He claimed that while some of the entomologists held that the codling moth was not attracted to light, others held that it was. As he was a prejudiced witness, I would like to hear from you, as I always read your articles with interest. * * -» "It strikes me that more repeated effort should be made to teach the horticulturist the importance of pro tecting his friends, the song birds and the quail. Any one who knows the life round of the codling moth must see the value of these little birds. I never saw but one quail dressed. I judge that its meal would not be worth more than 5 cents. While left to roam the gardens and orchards it would be worth at least $1.00 per an num as an insect exterminator. We have a band that comes to roost every night in a grove near the house. Early in the morning they are seen flying back to our garden to pursue the daily task of destroying insects." * * * Touching this very interesting and instructive letter from friend Ross I wish to say that I know of no entomo logist of the present day who claims that the codling moth will fly to a light and I never did know one. It is a notorious fact that many people have thought they were catching the codling moth when they were catching other small moths about the size of the one they were after. I did that myself and never knew any better till I took the larvae of the codling moth from under the bands and hatched them out in glass jars and studied them, and then I learned to my surprise that I had never known the codling moth. The codling moth by nature is a very shy insect, both in the larval and fly stage. The verbial "needle in a hay stack." If day time and the fly seeks a hiding place during the day time where there are thousands of those moths and they are as hard to find as the pro verbial 'nedle in a hay stack." If any man thinks he can catch the cod ling moths by having them fly to a light let him try it and when he suc ceeds let him send his "moths" to the entomologist at Pullman and he will find out nis mistake. What Mr. Ross says about the birds can not be too strongly emphasized. Birds and chick ens may eat a little fruit but they pay for their board a hundred times over. * * * The testimony now before us shows that the codling moth will never be a serious pest in the Sound country. Those uninformed persons who have a fit of the jim jams every time they hear that some one has shipped a car load of wormy apples to a vinegar factory in Seattle or Tacoma ought to put a cabbage leaf on their heads and take a good sleep. * * * My friend, L. Ferdinand Floss, of Latourell Falls, Oregon, writes me a long letter to show that scientists, as well as the writer, are all wrong on the matter of the coloring of our apples. I would publish his com munication in full but it consists of eight closely written pages and would fill about four columns of The Ranch. So he will excuse me if I state his position briefly and file my objections to the same. He says: "You and all others and the whole scientific world are in error about this matter. The sunshine or light has nothing what ever to do with that coloring. This coloring is all done solely, only and exclusively by the life of the plants and of the apples. Proof: Each spe cial kind of life is doing the coloring of its creatures and not the sunshine or light; this eternal and undeniable truth each farmer and apple raiser can notice the very best when he is BUY SEED DIRECT FROM THE GROWER We are the well known seed growers who operate extensive seed farms in Santa Clara and Alameda counties and other counties in Cali fornia, and we are now prepared to sell our seed in any quantity wholesale or retail. C. C. MORSE & CO., SEED GROWERS FORMERLY AT SANTA CLARA, NOW AT 815-817 Sansome St., SAN FRANCISCO, CAL. We are prepared to give you seeds of the Highest Quality only seeds which grow and seeds which produce the true variety represented. The cost of the seed is a very small part of the ultimate result, wheth er it affects only your garden or your crop, and the best seed Is always the cheapest. We have devoted a page in our catalog to an article on "Growing Onions for Market," and if interested in Onions at all it will pay you to read it. In addition to a fine assortment of the best varieties we also offer two new Sweet Peas, which will interest any one fond of flow ers. If interested in Garden, Field or Flower Seeds of any description, it will pay you to send for our new catalogue. Simply give us your name and the catalogue will be mailed free of cost. coloring his house, barn or fence." Suppose that I grant all that friend Floss says, does that prove that sun light is not necessary? Not a bit of it. The plant life cannot do its work of coloring without sunlight. At least this is often true. Sunlight will not change a yellow apple to a red one but some red apples will be green ones if they ripen in the shade, so we must let in the sunlight and air in order that the plant life may prop erly do its work. The natural color of a potato vine is green, but if one grows in the cellar away from light it will be white. The plant life can not do its work in giving the green color to the vine without the light. It is not claimed that all color is due to light. A calf may be black or white and neither the presence or ab sence of light will change the color. But this is not true when applied to fruits and vegetables. Nature, which friend Floss calls plant life, cannot or will not in all case work without the presence of light. My good friend might paint his house or barn some night when it is dark as Erebus, but I suspect that he would not do a very good job. So nature in some cases does not do well in the matter of col oring in darkness. This is about all that scientists claim in the coloring of fruit-light is necessary for plant life in some cases to do its coloring. The difference Is not great between Mr. Floss and myself. We are so near together that we may shake hands and say vale, vale! *..**.:_* B. L. Northup, of Quiniault, Wash., asks: "Can you advise me as to when and how to graft or bud sweet cherries? Or direct me to some work on propagating sweet cherries?" Cher ries are rarely grafted. This is true of all stone fruits, such as cherries, peaches and plums, including, of course, prunes, which are really plums. Budding is the common and the most successful way of propagat ing these fruits. There is no special way of treating sweet cherries as far as propagation is concerned. The cherry of whatever kind is usually budded in the summer time after the new growth becomes sufficiently hard to admit of cutting the buds from the twigs without their mashing up. I know of no work especially devoted to cherry propagation. Under the head "Orchard Problems" the propa gation of all kinds of fruit trees will be treated in due time. * * * The writer acknowledges the re ceipt of a very valuable book entitled "The Apples of New York." He sus pected that it was owing to the kind consideration of Prof. N. O. Booth, of the experiment station, Geneva, N. V., that this book was sent to him. On writing to the professor, he acknowl edges the mild impeachment. The work is a report by the New York agricultural experiment station for the year 1903. While its title would lead us to expect a limited work so far as varieties are concerned; yet this is not the case. The experiment station at Geneva is such a thorough institution and the state of New York is so thor oughly up to date in fruit growing, and especially in apples, that the book treats very thoroughly of all the lead ing apples grown in the United States. It was prepared by Prof. S. A. Beach, J. 6. HftRRISDN ft SONS RESTS Have 1000 acres in peach, apple, pear, plum and cherry trees, strawberry plants, asparagus roots and grape vines. By choosing small trees and having them sent by express the horti cultural editor of The Ranch finds that he can get them for much less than they can be bought in the Northwest. Send for price list. GOLDEN YELLOW I OALLA LILY, B Bulbi. 50__?R 34flc. SEEDS IU Asters, Balsam, Canna, Calliopsis, Nasturtium, Morning Glory, Pansy, Larkspur, Jobs Tears, Poppy, Golden Glow, Snapdragons, Cosmos, fOOLDEN YELLOW CALLA LILY, 0 Bulbs. 50 sine. Illj-JJL. Plant, Petunia, Castor Candytuft,' Sweet Peas! R CHAMPION O BULBS. Tuberose, Baby 'Breath Oxalis, all this beauti ful collection of seeds and bulbs only loc. in silver or 6 2-c. stamps to pay the cost for packing and postage. Order quick and be sure of this grand offer only lO cents. [ CHARLESTOWN NURSERY, . - CHARLESTOWN, MASS. | Select High Grade Berry Plants Phenomenal Berry—Great money mak er; as high as $1400 has been realized from a single acre here the past sea son. Fruit of enormous size, one to two inches in length; a brilliant rose red color, deliciously flavored; very product ive, very firm and a great shipper. Price per 10, $1.00; 100, $7.50; 1000, $45.00. New Mammoth Blackberry—Cross be tween the Crandall blackberry and Cali fornia wild dewberry. Very largest berry fruit known in world today, aver ages from two to three inches in length, and is produced in greatest abundance. Highest flavored and most delicious of all blackberries; ripen three weeks be fore any dewberry or blackberry. A great shipper and money maker. $1.00 per 10; $8.00 per 100; $50.00 per 1000. Logan Berry — famous berry, now being widely planted all over the coun try. • Fruit very large and a handsome dark red color, exceedingly productive, and possessed of a rich, sub-acid flavor. One of the best canning berries known. 50c per 10; $3.50 per 100; $25 per 1000. Himalayan Giant Blackberry— yield 100 quarts of fruit to a plant dur ing a season. Berries ripen in July and August; nearly an inch in diameter, jet black, round, of exquisite flavor. $1.00 per 10; $9.00 per 100; $50.00 per 1000. New Golden Blackberry Fruit a glowing golden yellow, Intensely highly flavored, very productive, and in size as large as the Early Harvest blackberry. 25c each; $2 per 10; $18 per 100. Matchless Blackberry One of the fin est flavored, and most productive of all upright growing blackberries. $1.00 per 10; $7.50 per 100. Rogers' Early —Earliest of all dewberries; large, very firm, great shipper. 50c per 10; $3.50 per 100; $20 per 1000. Maye's Hybrid Dewberry— Largest and best dewberry in the world. Ripens 10 days after Rogers' Early; a great shipper, berries jet black, and of the highest flavor, enormously productive. 50c per 10; $2.50 per 100; $15 per 1000. Mexican —Best all-purpose strawberry on earth, largest known, and one of the most deliciously flavored; three crops a year; will succeed anywhere. _5c per 10; $1.00 per 100; $5.00 per 1000. All Plants are Shipped Prepaid at Above prices. S. L. WATKINS GRIZZLY FLATS. CALIFORNIA _ - .____* promptly Secured. High nATCMTVest references from IA I ill I_l prominent manufactur- I niblliw ers write for Inventors' Hand Book. Shepherd fe Parker, 884 P. St., Washington, D. O.