Vermont phœnix. [volume], May 26, 1848, Image 1

About Vermont phœnix. [volume] (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1834-1955

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VOLUME XIV.
BRATTLEB ORO, FRIDAY, MAY 20, 1848.
NUMBER 40.
runnfeUEn kveky Friday oy
BOTHER &. FliATT.
O. H. I'lATT, EDITOR.
OFKICExo. i wnasLEn's stoxi hcildiko,
Tumi. To tingle subscribers, $2,00 year. To
Companies, and those who par In advance, & liberal
By Mr T. K. ItoRTOir, U our Travelling Agent
business cards.
QUINCY MOUSE.
RT
jGXJT WUET.T,OCK,
Kept on Stria!) Tunperance Principles,
No. 1, nilATTLG SQUAIIE,
Ofpotitt Braille Street Church,
(OtnMO) IIOSTOIY.
I1. SIIOA'JfS,
MlXUFACTCEEIt A!fD DEALER IN
f.tmxY, GtSTLtMr.x's, Misses' ahd Children's
Hoots, Shoes mill Ittibbers,
Halts UuUding, nearly opposite Smith' Stage House
Ii . . M Ii X D ,
attorney nntt Counselor nt Unto,
rRACTIClMO IX THE COURTS Or
VE1M0NT AND NE If HAMPSHIRE,
Commissioner appointed to take proof ami acknowl
edgment of Jceds and other Instruments, to be
recorded or used In the State of New York.
Agent for the A2tna and Protection Insurance Com
ponies, Hartford, Conn. insuring all Vlndt of
property on the most reasonable terms. SI
JOHN r. AUK INS,
HAXUrACTCBEK or
CnrrinRcs 11 nd Sleighs,
WEST BltATTLEnORO, Vt. (33)
GEOIIGE CVTLGIC V CO
DEALERS IX AND MAKIFACTCRERS Or
BOOTS, SIIOF.S, AND GAITEKS,
No. a Brick How, Brattleboro, Vt. (43)
E . II X It T,
Faablouablo Tailor,
No. 8 Granite Kow, Brattleboro, Vc (13)
XIODERT WESSELUffiFT, M.D.,
HOMCEfATUIO AXD IltDROrATIIIC FltTSICIAX,
Elliot Street, Brattleboro, 11
PIKE NIX HOUSE,
Br CHAltLES Q. LAWKENCK,
Brattleboro, Vt.
Feb. lit, 1847. lySJ
IIENUY CLARK,
Aorxt or Windham Colhit Mutual Firx
Ixscraxce Com PANT,
(52) Brattleboro, VI
S. PIKE,
Gunsmith,
OrroiiTX the Fncixix IIooe, Brattleboro.
ONE PRICE STORE.
THE Subscriber hiring refitted his store, and
purchased an extensile assortment of Good at
the present unusually low prices, takes this method
of announcing his intention of full carrying out In
practice, the principle of trade embraced in the cap
tion to this notice. Every article will be marked at
the Lowest PrlCC, and sold without variation
or abatement for cash or its equivalent. Feeling con
fident that he can offer inducements fully equal to
an establishment In the Ticinily, he would invite
the attention of purchasers to his present stock of
lYcwaud Seasonable Goods,
embracing a rery great variety of comwox, as well
as rich and rasuiox aslk articles for Ladies' and
Gentlemens use, together with nil the variety usu
ally found in country stores. Among the Dry
Goods may be found Am. and Eng. Prints, 4 to 1 2
cts. per yd. ; Kng, Scotch and French Ginghams
good, 10 to 12; rery fine and rich, 20 to 25j Broad'
cloths, Giuitneres, testings. Summer Stuffs, Hats,
Cupt, Hosiery, Gloves, Shoes, Bonnets, lUbbont, Flow
trt, white and colored Muslins and Latent Jar dresses,
Sills and Fringes farVtsites, Shaids, (Jr., $t. A
large lot of DOIffESTIOS. including Sheet
ingt, 5 to 7c. In the tine of
Groceries,
satisfaction guarantied; having a full supply, prices
liOWT, and graded according to quality. Say for
MliRiir, 5 to 6 for Brown; 9 to U for white,
crushed and powdered. Xcusj, 37 to 75 for
green, S3 to 42 for Mack.
Crockery, Hardware, Paints, Oils, Fish,
Salt, Nails, Flour, $?c.
A further enumeration may be useless, an exam
nation of Goods and Price would be more satis
factory. The subscriber is agent for the China Tea
Co, Boston, a House of established reputation. An
assortment of their Teas on hand and for sale at
Boston prices t which ara very low, and the Teas war
ranted to give perfect satisfaction.
N. CHENEY.
Townshend, May 10, 1848. 3w38
IRON AND STEEL..
THE subscribers have this day received a general
assortment of most of the different sizes of
Bar, Hoop, Tire and Round
Also, Steel, Cni-ringe Springs, Bolts
mid Axlctrecs. Ac, Arc
We shall bo constantly making additions to our
stock, from time to time, and would Invite Carriage
Makers, Blacksmiths and others', to give us a call
before purchasing elsewhere.
J. II. & W. II. ESTEItBItOOK.
israttleDoro, Alay 2, 1 848. 37
AT CHASE & CRANDALL'S
Gentlemen's Furnishing' Store,
MAY be found a largo assortment of Stock.,
Bilk and Satin Scarfs, French Yoke Neck
Shirts, Bosoms, Collars, Silk and Cotton Uoslerr,
French Kid und WuhLeatherGloTei, LisleThread
ana uotton do., baspenacrs, Bhtrts ana XJrawers,
messing uowns, uaiicrs, umDrcuas, &.c
N. B. Shirts made to order at short notice.
May 3, 1818. 3
Spring and Summer Goods.
CHASE fit GRAND AX. Z.
TIAVE Just recelreJ a laree and well selected
J1X stock of French, German and American Cloths
which tber are rtrenared to make ud Into Garments
In the latest style, at a great discount from former
prices, we nave a large assortment or plain and
fancy Cauimera. Alio, nlain and fanrv T.lni.n
Drill, for Genu' Summer 1'anu, plain and fancy
i.nmiur ciiuurens wear, vesting, in crer. va
rielT. all of wlil, h win h .1.1 .... ,!,,.. '
N. 11. A Bot wanted from H to 17 years of age,
mo Aauonng Ainsiness.
Maj 3, 1848. 3;
ZBCOTIiS DXCKINSOIV
ROOMS at No. S, opposite the Stage House, tip
stairs, where ho Is now closing his accounts and
tome few thousand dollars worth of Merchandise,
,u cuawo una vi leave me retail iraue,
ALBERT II. DAY & RROTIIER
hare leased his former store at No. 4.
Brattleboro, April 10, 1848. 12w3
BONNETS.
IJtLOItENCE and Fanrr Straws of the latest
styles, together with liiUm and Flower$, for
tie cheap for cash, by 0. C. HALL
BIRCH ARD, LIVGR3I0RR & CO.,
W
OULD respectfully inform the people of J
malca and vlcinltr that thev have nurchased
the new Store lately erected by llr J. O. Sumner,
where they hare just received from Boston n full
stock of
mv spnixaAxn summkk goods,
comprising a fashionable assortment of foreign and
American ary UUIMI'.
io, i-rociccry, Ulats anil Hani M are, W. I.
Good and Groceries, Salt, I'ish, Kaitt, Window
Glass, Paints, tintseed Oil, fcc., frc.
All which thev offer for sale nn thu mn.t f.vnra.
blc terms.
Jamalca.May 8th, 1848. 6w38
CHLOROFORM J!
DM. FAItWELL, Dentist, since he begin to
employ Chloroform In his uractlce. ha. l.n
literally thronged with patients, who are baring
useless and troublesome teeth extracted, and their
mouths prepared for tho insertion of new and useful
teeth, many of whom would never have had tuflV.
elent courage to submit to the operation, but lot
this safe and cuectual means of producing inscnsl
billty to tiain. Within tho four weeks past, he has
extracted between three and four hundred teeth
where he has used Chloroform. (No extra charge
for its use.)
Dr. t arwcirt urace will hereafter be found at
No. 2 Granite How, over II. D. Bracken's Jewelry
Store, where he attends to bis profession In ever.
department of Dental Surgery, on the most reason
auie terms.
Brattleboro, March 10. 29
Millinery & Dress Making.
Sign of the big Blue Bonnet.
MRS. E- HIJVOKIiBY,
GRATEFUL to the Ladies of Brattleboro and
vicinitv for their naimniipc. whil tli h y.
ertcd herself to furniih them with the best and most
approred ntjlei of Millinery that could possibly be
disposed of in the country. sno would say that she
has just returned from Jew York with a more ex
tensive assortment than imul com l ting of the
following:
slurred Uonnets,
Neapolitan Lace, Bird's Eve,
Rough and Ready, Cor'd Hall an J,
Fr. 15 Ends, Oenevee, Coburg,
Milan Edge, Fr. Rutland,
French Laces, English Straws,
Duns tables.
Which she will dispose of aslotcascanlevurchattd.
Ribbons lAces, Flowers, Caps, Collars. Hand
kerchiefs, Fringes, a variety of Cords and Edgings,
Mourning llonHets, Gravo Clothes, &c.
Mantillas and Dress Patterns.
lsIretei Cut in the most approved styles.
07-BONNETS Bleached and Pressed in no In-
fcrior manner, and on short notice.
WANTED, Apprentices well recommended, for
fi months, fmmediatclr.
UratUeboro, ilay 4, 1848. 37
NEW BONNET STORE.
THE subscriber would respect
fully Inform th ladies of Brat
tleboro and vicinity, and dealers In
Bonnets generally, that he has
opened new Bonnet rooms over
the store of Towkslxt 4 Horn,
where he will manufacture and keep
constantly for sale,
Florence, Pedal Rutland,
Bifd'3Ete, Coburg, Ptarl, Rough and
Jtcady, frtnth L.ace, Jancy straws,
and every other variety of Bonnets suitable for the
season. Also an extensive assortment of
UlUUnerr Goods,
JUBBOXS and FLOWERS, ci the latest styles.
syiiotnai Ttpairea weaenea ana prtssea in im
lest wanner.
D3Moununff Bonnets constantly on hand or
made to order.
Having for many years been engaged tn manu
facturing and wholesale! ng Bonnets, and being In
timately connected with manufacturers of other
places, my facilities for business are such as to ena
ble me to sell both at wholesale and retail on tho
most reasonable terms.
All orders prompt! v attended to. and a share of
public patronage Is respectfully solicited.
0. 1UI0DES.
Brattleboro, March 21, 30
ZMG VERRBO TYPES.
Tho Vermont Dngncrrinn Gallery
IS now being fitted up anew In JfaWi Long Build
inn. It will be opened for the reception of visit
ors, May 10th, 1848, when the proprietors will be
happy to have a call from the citizens generally,
and to show them our specimens ; also our assort
ment of Gold Lockets, which will be sold verr
cheap, by the single one or by the dozen.
Operators that are In want of Lockets will find it
for their advantage to give them a call before pur
chasing at Boston or other places.
Also, wilt ho kept at their Gallery a large assort
ment of Plates, Cases, Chemicals and every thing
appertaining to tne iiagoerrcotypo line, wiiicn will
be sold at city prices. The patronage of operators
In this section of the country is respectfully solicited.
fCTvLik encases taken of deceased persons : also
from Paintings, Daguerreotypes, Engravings, &c.
iupus morougniy insirucica in ine an, snu fur
nished with instruments, If desired.
U. 11. UUIU.I.X,
GEO. S. WEST.
May 4th, 1848. 37
NEW GOODS.
ORXEN PRATT U CO.,
IVo. I, West nratUcboro,
Have just received as good assortment of
Merchandise,
as can be found In the
County of Wind hnm,
And we can afford, and will sell as cheap If you
do not believe It, call and see.
Produce of all kinds received In exchange for
uoous or on oui accounts,
XSyDont forget the Numler.
West Brattleboro, May 6, 1848. 38
SPRING GOODS.
BinCIIAHD & SAWYER
TTAVK this week received a full stock of POIT.
GOODS, comprising all tho variety of art lea and
qualities of fancy and ttanle articles to be found In
tno largest country stores: including an elegant as
sortmentof CA11PETJNGS ini other House-fur.
mviuuf Kiwua, wvi.u a large sioca OI
'teas, Sugars and Groceries i
Iron, Steel, Nails, Window Glass
Faints. Oils. Turoentine. &c. &c.
tt Having made their purchases during the last
ten aayt ot Apni, at large uiscounttirom me pneet
current the fir.t of the tamo month, they are pre
pared to give decidedly grett bargains tnd will at
an iimes ten at me lowetl prices.
Fayettevllle, May 8. 3w38
Paints, Oils, Ac.
PURE White Lead, Dry and Ground French
bellow, Veaetian Red.Ivory Blsck.raria Green,
Chrome Green, P.'Clue, Untieed Oil, Boiled do., J.p.
an, Coach and Furniture Varnish, Paint and Whitewash
Brushes, &c., eVc., Ittely received, for sale at reduced
Pri.e."-. WIl.USTO.NoV. TYLER.
May 10th. J 633
SlBfttUttUfitl.
from the Albany Cultivator.
The 1'am of Ii. I'hiancy, Esq.
Continued,
Editors Cultivator In my last com
municalion, 1 proposed to continue my
notes on Mr I'hinnej'e farming, under the
following heads :
Drainino and IUclauiino Swamm and
Wet Lands. There is an exlensirr peat
meadow on the farm, the greater part of
which has been reclaimed by thorough
draining and cultivation. Air Phinney says
that tho only way to make these meadows
dry and valuable in productive grasses, is to
until druuuu iiic margin so as to cut on tne
springs and receire the waler which flows
in continually from tho surrounding uplands.
It is the water flowing in underneath, and
not that Tailing on the surface, that renders
the land cold, wet, and unproductive. In
order lo effect this, he has a very thorough
ditch around the margin of tho meadow,
which is filled with stones to within a Toot
or so ol tho surface ; they aro then cover
ed wilh refuse hay, straw or sods, and the
whole leveled o(T wilh the aoil, so that the
plow may pasa over in cultivation. His
meadow is very wide, and therefore he has
another ditch through the centre, connected
wilh the marginal ones by cross-ditches,
and through these the water filters among
the stones, and is carried off perfectly.
After thia has been done, the wild grass,
es and other herbage are exterminated by
thorough cultivation. If tho meadow be
comes dry enough during the season lo
plow, the turf is turned over as smoothly
as possible and rolled down hard ; in the
winter a top-dressing of compost, made of
loam nnd manure, half and half, SO to 30
loada per acre, is carried on, and in the
spring it is planted to corn, or some other
hoed crop, without disturbing the sod. If
the plow does not turn the sods smoothly
over, the bog-hoe follows, making the un
even places level. When the crop is taken
off in the fall, the surface is loosened and
made level wilh the hoe and barrow, and
late in the fall, or just before heavy frosla
set in to freeze up the ground, the land ia
stocked down to grass with a bushel of red.
lop and half a bushel of herd's grass seed
per acre ; the field is again rolled and the
process completed, the seed coming up the
next spring. If the land is inlended for
grass, without any previous cultivation, the
turf ia turned over with the plow at a laror
able time during the summer ; the hoe fol
lowing makes all smooth, and late in the
fall a dressing of compost, as before stated,
is put on, the grass seed sown, and the bush
and roller complete the operation. If the
ground is too wet and miry to admit the
team and plow upon it in the summer, Mr
Phinney would adrise to plow in the spring,
when the frost is out three or four inches
deep, and then cart on the compost dress
ing, and, at the proper time, plant or aeed
down, as may bo most desirable.
Instead of this method of cultivation, the
practice lias been, and is now pursued by
tome, to cover tho meadows two or three
inches thick with sand or gravel, and then
a top dressing of compost: but Mr Fliin-
ney's experience is against thia method of
cultivation, from the fsct that, after a year
or two, the coarse, wild grasses are apt to
work up through the covering, and entirely
supplant the cultivated grasses. The whole
must then have another covering or be aban
doned as worthless. The expense of this
system is also much greater than that pur
aued by Mr Phinney.
considerable dillicully arises in the culti
vation of this kind of land, from its beinir
too looso and open, or spongy ; and hence
i ia i.uii9iucTcu ui uiucn importance to Keep
tne inverted sou undisturbed in the cultiva
tion; as by this means a more film and
compact surface ia formed, upon which the
team may work without miring; and, the
dressing of compost also helping to fill up
me pores mat may be open on top, airords
greater facility for the fine roots of the cul
tivated erasses to expand more readily, and
fully occupy and cover the ground. In five
or six years the wild grasses may begin to
appear, in which case the land is again bro
ken up and managed as before. In this
way Heavy crops ol corn and roots, and an
immense burden of hay, may be raised on
these reclaimed meadows.
There is another field on this farm. I
ahould judge of eight or ten acres, of oblong
snape, 1110 sides dishing towards the centre,
ana tne wnoie moderately descending length'
wise, which he has now in hand for drain
ing. It is naturally a wet, unproductive,
swalty soil, resting on an impervious hard
pan at about two feet below the aurface.
A marginal ditch, three feet wido and three
deep, is made on each side of the field
through its whole length, which cuts off the
springs, and receives the wnler flowing in
from the uplands; another parallel with
these runs throueli the centre of the field.
and the two former are connected with the
latter by cross-ditches occurring every two
or three rods, by which means the water is
carried into the lowest or centre ditch,
through which it passes off the field. These
are all filled with stones two feet deeo. which
are covered, first wilh shavings, refuse tiller
or sons to Keep tne dirt out from the stones,
and then wilh earth so nsto make all smooth
and level. The surplus water is thus car.
ried off perfectly, as may be atcertained'by
holding the ear near the surface, over the
drains, when the water may be distinctly
iic.iu iincniig inrougn among me stones.
I Ins piece of drainage must prove a
profitable Investment; beeauso the land,
from its situation, receivea tho surface-wash
of many highly cultivated acres on each
side, the wjiole value of which will now be
retained the land being drained with rot-crt-ii'
ditches and, with an occasional light
top-dressing of compost, mukt inevitably
cut a heavy burden of grass, of fine and
heavy bottom, for many years to come.
How many acres of land may be found, the
whole country over, precisely in the condi
tion of this field, where quile an.oullay
eren, would prove a judicious and profitable
investment T the more profitable from the
fact that, while in their cold and wet con
dition, all the surface-wash of the surround
ing uplands, often times extensive, is wholly
lost ; it might be made available by thor
ough underdrawing, and would of itself
keep the land so receiving u highly produc
tive. OftCIf AHDBJ AND Til SIR CULTIVATION.
There aro two bearing orchards on tho
farm. One, planted about Iweuly years
ago, contains some fire hundred trees, most
ly of the Hsldwin apple, a variety that flour
ishes best on his soil and location; and the
other, len or twelve years old, contains be
tween three and four hundred treea of choice
winter sweet apples. The ground upon
which the Baldwin orchard Is planted, has
a south and aoutheatt exposure, and was,
originally, in a perfectly wild and unsub
dued stair, covered with stones and shrub
oaks, pines and other bushes. Hundreds
of tons of these stones were put into the
dilchcs for draining the peat meadow, to
wards which the orchard descends. After
the obstructions for cultivation wcro remov
ed from tho ground, a light, free rich loam
was found, resting upon a gravelly, and in
some pl.icei,ledgy bottom.
The sweet apple orchard has, I should
say, an eastern exposure, and, for skilful
pruning, healthiness and vigor of the trees,
presents an appearance far superi.r lo any
thing of the kind I had before aern.
In reply to the inquiries of the Hon. John
Lowell, several ycara since, Mr Phinney
ssys: "Most of my trees wero taken from
the nursery in November, the roots placed
in trenches, and covered with dirt until the
following spring. This was done in order
to avoid the necessity of telling them out
before the ground had becomo dry and
warm. If left lit the nursery till spring,
they sre seldom or never taken up till tho
sap has begun tn flow. When removed af
ter this takes place, the check occasioned
by the removal, if not fatal to the tree, of
ten injures ila future growth. Tho best
time to take up trees is unquestionably
when the sap is least active. If taken up
late in autumn, and the roots secured from
sun and air, they may be kept with perfect
safely until the middle ol May, and planted
out at this lime with proper csrc, and as
near the aurface aa possible, vegetation will
commence almost instantaneously; they
will not require to be supported by stakes,
and will grow nesrly as much the first as in
any future year."
While the trees were young and the
branches small, and at the season when the
sap is most freely flowing, and the growth
most rapid, the operation of pruning has,
mostly, been performed by Mr Phinney per
sonally, and the orchards now show the
htnd of skill and judgment ia their train
ing. Those branches which tended to shoot
out horizontally, or nearly at right angles
from the trunk, were left lo grow ; while
those which inclined to grow more erect,
or at an angle of 4.1 desrMt, were taken
otT the whole operation Dcinj so managed
as that no limb ahould shade any other limb,
and at the same time an eye was kept lo
the proper and equal balance of the top.
By this mode of pruning the tops are
spresd out horizontally from the trunk,
thus admitting the sun lo exert his cenial
influence in the perfecting and ripening of
an tne iruit; witn the lurluer advantages
that it is gathered with creater facility, and
the limbs are much less liable to split off
iruin tuc irunK, wncn loaacu wiin iruu, man
those rising to an angle more acute. In
the former case the limb may bend and
sway considerably, without straining very
hard on the trunk, while in the laller, the
alrain commences almost aa soon as the
limb is inclined to bend with its load.
Probably the principal cause of the re
markable vigor and healthiness of the trees,
is to be found in the fsct that the land is
kept in constant cultivation, no grass or
weeds beinir permuted to grow In the sou.
It is not thought desirable to manura the
orchards heavily, as by this means they may
be forced too much; but the land receives
a light dressing of compost each year, and
here his crops or csrrots, parineps and otn
er roots of which he raises large ouanti
ties his squsshes, pumpkins, melons, ate,
are mostly grown. Corn is also planted to
some extent.
The treea aland in straight rows, both
ways, about two rods apart. Tho manure
is plowed in, great care being used not to
wound the tree above ground, and I noticed
that no aignt of injury lo the bark were any
where lo be seen. No particular attention
is paid to the roots ; if one happens lo come
lo the surface it ia cut ofT, which only caus
es new fibres to shoot out with greater vig
or. It is considered tint root pruning, to
eome extent, is ucnetictal rather than otn
'cruise.
A few years since the mice girdled quite
a number of tho trees badly, in the Bald
win orchard, and in order to save them,
large acions were prepared and inserted in
the bark below the wound and connected
with the bark above, so that the sap might
flow up from the roots ii.lo the top. The
trees have done remarkably well and are
good bearers ; the scions having grown to
pa to form solid wood all round. In a few
instances the roota were to badly msniled
that four small trees were ret out around the
trunk, and the lops of them inserted into
the bark above the wound. They have
grown to a diameter of four to six inches,
and support the original tree perfectly.
A young orchard, wilh a northern expo
sure, has recently been set. of several nun
dred trees, at the distance of fifty feel, each
l.:.u ! . , I. I -
way, which i. consiuercu near enuugn. in
ii lew tears tho protind will be (haded sum
cieully, and as the land is designed to be
under constsnt cultivation, the crops raised
upon it will be more valuable. Between
thfso are act peach trees, which come to
bearing toon, and are out of the way beforo
iney win interiere Willi mo appic. urcnaru.
The ground was tsken up from a wild stale,
covered with atones and bushes, and. not.
withstanding that two coats of the atones
have been removed, the last plowing has
brought up another, (hat of Itself gives the
field n most formidable appearance. In
threo or four ycara more Ihcy will all bo re
moved, and a light, free and productive soil
obtained, well adapted lo tho raising of
roots and vines, jjesiues mese orcnarus,
there is an abundant supply of other choice
fruits, such as pears, plums, quinces, &c,
and extensive graperies, which I should
gladly notice more particularly did my lim
Us nermit.
Bbeidino and Fattening Swine. I
have before remarked thai Mr P. ia not, just
now, doing much in the way of rearing
iiic, .mi ui course a naa not tne oppor
tunity of much personal inspection in this
heretofore Important department of his
farming. His long tnd extensive experi
ence jn thia business, however, entitles his
opinions to mnch consideration; and a
passing notice of them msy not be without
interest to some of the readers of the Cul
tivalor. His slock of swine, for several years
Pitt, has numbered about one hundred and
fifty of sll ages; and bis slaughtered hogs
hare been celebrated, in Boston market, for
their great weight and fine quality. Every
attention has been paid lo the manufacture
of manuroTrom this large stock, I ho pens
being supplied liberally wilh peal mud, and
other materials for the purpose ; in return
he haa received from this source some COO
loads annually of exccllnet compost.
Ho prefers the Mackay hog to all other
brceda that he hat known, for their early
maturity, depth of carcass, and great weight
in tho more profitable parts, thinness and
whiteness or skin, &e. By breeding in and
in, they had become enfeebled in constitu
tion, and it beesme necessary la cross them,
somewhat, with other breeds in order lo
remedy the defect. He is now crossing
them with the Suffolk breed, and, judoina
from the few specimens of this cross which
I saw, I should say that it produces a hog
of desirable properties in every respect.
The Suffolks are remarkable for thrift, vig
or of constitution, early maturity, tie., but
have not the depth of carcass, I ahould
think, of the Mackays. So lar as my ex
perience goes, I should consider this depth
of carcass a very essential point. I htve
invariably found, in my pens, that a hog of
great roundness of form does not, at killing
time, open wll. Another recommendation,
as i consider it, these hogs are perfectly
while. If the pigs are to be killed at the
age of nine months, Mr Phinney would ad
vise that they be kept as fat as possible all
the time ; but if intended for killing at the
age of fifteen or eighteen months, they
should not bo full-fed for the first tett or
twelre months.
Upon this subject ho ssvs : "To satisfy
myself of the benefit of this course. 1 took
six of my best pigs, eight weeks old, all of
tne same utter, and shut them in two pens,
three in each. Three of these I fed very
high, and kept them as fat all the lime as
they could be made. The other three were
red sparingly, upon cosrse food, but kepi in
a healthy crowing condition, till within four
or fire months of the lime of killing, when
they were fed as high as the others. They
were all slaughtered at the same time, betn:
then sixteen months old. At the age of
nine months tho full fed pigs were much
the heaviest, but at the time of killing, the
pigs fed sparingly for the first ten or twelve
months weighed upon an average fifty
pounds each more than the others. Besides
this additional weight of pork, the three
'lean kine' added much more than the oth
ers to my manure heap. These results
woum seem rery oiuous to any one who
has noticed the babita of the animal. In
consequence of short feeding they were
much more active and industrious in the
manufacture of compost, and this activity
at the same time caused the muscle, to en.
large and the frame to spread, while the
vciy in pigs uecame inactive, and like in
dolent bipeds, they neither worked for their
own benefit nor for that of others."
The pigs intended for killinz at fifteen lo
aiiteen months, are kept upon light feed for
ten or twelro months, and in the summer
green clover, cornstalks, weeds, &lc, arc
thrown into the pent, daily. The remain
der of the time, until slaughtered, they are
tun leu upon Indian or barley meal, in equal
quantities, wilh potatoes, pumpkins or ap
ples, tne wnoie being thoroughly and nice
ly cooaeu ana eaueu, and led about blood
warm. It is considered, from repeated ex.
neriments, that two dollars worth of mate-
rial, thoroughly cooked, will make aa much
pork aa three dollars worth of the same ma
terial, giren in a raw stale.
Upon the subject of care and feeding,
Mr P. taya : "On regular and systematic
feeding, and clean and dry bedding, the
auccess.of raiaing and fattening swine very
much depends. A faithful feeder, also, who
haa some, skill and taslc, withal a little pride
ui vutauuu, is inuispcnsaoic. iiomer in
forms us that much of the auccrssof Ulrss.
cs in rearing his fine hogs, was to be attrib-
uicu iu in. laiuuui uidcus, wnom tne old
toldicr styled a god-like twine-feeder."
The Imported Stock of the Massa
chusetts Societt. In addition to twenty
or thirty cows kept for supplying milk for
the city of Boston, is tho imported slock
aim mcir ouspring, belonging to tne "Alas
eachusetta Society for nromotinir Agricul
ture," which are kept on this farm. This
ancient and truly honorable Society, have
set the rest ol us an example worthy ol all
imitation. They Into formerly spent thou
sands of dollars in tho shape of premiums
on field crops, the best cultivated farms.
&c. ; but finding this course loo frequently
attended with unsatisfactory results, from
the fact that premiums were often sought
alter merely irom tne consideration or do.
lara and cents, rather than a spirit of enter
prise in agricultural improvements there
by giving lisc, it is feared in loo many cas
es, to the practice of deception the trus
tees resolved lo try a new and different
appropriation of their funds.
They accordingly employed a competent
agent in Scotland to purchase four cows
and a bull each, of the Ayrshire and North
Devon breeds, the progeny of which are to
be distributed among the several County
Agricultural Societies, free .of charge, on
condition that Ihey shall be kept in the
county for the improvement of its stock.
The oldest Society Ia entitled to the first
choice of a bull and heifer of the otTspring,
and then the next oldest, and so on. These
young animals are not allowed to go from
under tho care and supervision of the State
Society, until Ihey are oT suitable age to be
put lo-tervice,
The trustees are of opinion that for dairy
purposes, there is no stock so well adapted
lo the toil and climate of Massachusetts, as
(he Ayrshire and crosses of them upon the
common slock of Ihe Commonwealth. Mr
Phinney tays : "From what I have aeen
and known of thit and oilier imported
breeds of cows, I am satisfied thst aa a dai.
ry stock for New England, there is no breed
In this or any other country so valuable at
Ihe Ayrthire. Thev are quite aa hardy,
and endure our cold weather at well aa our
natire alock. They are of medium tize,
with enormous milk vessels, and withal, a
cspacily for convening their food lo milk
much beyond any breed that I have known."
From the specimens of Ayrshircs thai I
had seen before visiting this fsrm, I had not
formed ao favorable an opinion of the alock
as Mr Phinney expresses above; but I
must confess thst I was very agreeably tur
prised on viewing this herd. The cows are
in every respect fine models of what a dairy
cow ahould be ; their udders are very broad
and reach far forward, wilh remarkably wide
spread teats, and give every indication of
being deep milkers. I wit particularly
pleased with the cow "Jeanie Deans," a
perfect model for the dairy, and a perfect
picture, which it would be difficult for
an artist lo (latter. The celebrated cow
"Young 8winley," purchased of Captain
Randall, of New Bedford, and whoa dam
"Swinley" "took more prizct thin any cow
in Scotland," is also a fine animal.
The North Derons will begrest favoritet
wilh the farmera generally for Iheir beauti
ful, deep, mahogany color, and fine silky
coals, their hardiness of constitution, fitness
for the yoke, and tendency to fatten easily.
I do not wish to forestall the judgment of
those more particularly interested, by a com
parison of the two breeds, and therefore
will not institute sny.
It is truly fortunste that this alock has
como under tho care of one of to much
skill and judgment, in the matter of Iheir
treatment. There is nothing like pamper
ing or stimulating with grain at all allowed
in feeding, a fact that I particularly noticed,
being in and out of the barns frequently
during the visit, but all the good hay they
will eat up dean, and a generous mess of
carrots, dsily, is allowed lo each animal.
They are also kept perfectly clean ; in fact
cleanliness, and freedom (cam atl waste of
fodder, are the order of the day in every de
partment at the barns. Regularity in feed
ing and milking is alto strictly observed.
The calves are learned to drink milk
fresh from Ihe cow by the lime tbey sre a
week old at the farthest, which is continued
to them ten or twelve weeks. In the mean
time they are encouraged to eat a little fine
hay and nibble at a few carrots, which is of
essential service in weaning them from
milk.
I have said that the honorable board of
trustees have set an example for ua all to
imitate. Here is certainly an object worthy
the consideration of other State Societies ;
and I would particularly call the attention
of my agricultural brethren in Vermont to
the importance of the aubject. We have
now a State Society in embryo, with no def
inite plan of action before us, and why can
not aomelhing of this kind be presented and
carried through f The State is, and must
ever be, eminently a dairying and alock
growing region, and hence Ihe importance
to our farmers of an improved race of cat
tle. There is too much reason to doubt
the ulility of premiums as they are often
paid out ; because the statements of com
petitors are so defective, and generally ao
unsatisfactory, in establishing clearly defin
ed facts of general utility. It seems to me,
however, thst in the improvement of a stock
of a region, like thst contemplated by the
Massachusetts Society, money may be ex
pended that ahall prove of constantly in
creasing utility. There is evidently a deep
and growing interest in the promotion of
our agriculture, fell by men of intelligence
and influence in all parts of the State; and
it is to be hoped that a sufficient concert of
action may be realized, whereby our State
Society availing itself of ihopast experi
ence of ihe Massachusetts Society may en
ter at once upon the improvement of thia
commanding interest.
F. Noldkook.
Brattleloro, IV., March 10, 1818.
Tbe IiiperifHce of a Down-Easter.
Some weeks ago a very long brown Down
Easter, attired in one of those costumes
which are now nowhere lo be met except
upon the stage, a tall hell-crowned while
hat, ahort-waisted blue coat, with enormous
pewter buttons, a vest as "yaller" as a bar
berry blossom, and a pair of corduroya,
whose highest ambition seemed to be, to
maintain their ascendency over an enor
mous pair of cowhides that had trodden
many a hundred miles of logging-paths,
"might have been seen," jack-knife and
ahingle in hand, wending his way up Long
Wharf, in the realization of his life-long an
ticipations of "aeein" Boston. At the cor
ner of Merchants' Row, his progress was
arrested by the lumbering transit of a two
atory house on wheels drawn by half a doz
en yoke of oxen, with the people insido pur
suing their avocations.
"What on airlh is that cro 1" he asked a
bystander.
"Oh, nothing," replied Ihe "lowney."
"The folks are all moving, that'a all.
When we move down here, we do it house
and all."
"Jerusalem I Wall, that beata all nater 1
Wall, cap'n, what's that 'ere big stun house
over the left!"
"That's the new Custom House. It's a
mighty bad location but they're going to
move It next week."
"Thunder and molasses 1 It'll take' all
the oxen in creation to start her I"
"Oh, they use elephants for moving such
large buildings."
"And how msny elephants wilPl taket"
"Upwards of a hundred,"
The Yankee cut a deep gash in his shin,
gle, and walked on. He next inquired for
the Adams House, for he had "beared tell"
of that, and waa determined to progress
during his juvenility, aware of the impossi
bility of doing ao at a more advanced age.
He soon found Ihe "tavern" and Ihe "dea.
con," and ordered accommodations liberal
ly, "darning the expense." Having "alick.
ed up" a little, he witnessed with some
amazement the operations ol a servant on
a gong, simply remarking that "he know'd
what sheet lightnin was, but that waa Ihe
first lime he'd ever heard of aheet thunder."
He followed Ihe crowd into a dining hall
and was ushered lo a seat, where he en-
sconced hlmseir, lucked his towel under his
chin with a sort of H.rw...tU,. it i.
a going to be shaved or scalped.
Tu .i.i.i r ,i.. j 'j. . . . . . . . .
" s". mo vuicreu uisues aaaed to
his amazement
"Dod dein it I" he exclaimed, "ef he.ev
heerd orcooltin'nntt,..Ml II... I
' ..mo i U, IIUIU
they re gone and sot tin kitchens all over
the lot. WhaKs the fire lo come from
that's what I'd like to know?"
He got along with his soup very well, and
was pausing for breath, before he finished
it, when a waiter snatched his plate away
and was running off with it :
.i.iioi you siri - vocirerated the Yan.
kee "I see vnti tt, it,., i , .
quicker n link Imblnln ' nr l... ..'!! t
your head punched I"
ins piate was returned, and ho finished
his soup with dignity. After wailing a mo.
ment ho raited hi. rnlrn
6 - iiu sum
moned the offending waiter sternly.
ameiaie to eitrre tneT
"No air."
"Wall wli. .W. ..... e...t.
r i,i icitn on some
rresh fodder dim ye I"
" i here's the carte, sir."
"Where's thit i-ml
- -. ni.a, iuuu-
der am I to do with the cart when I've got
1. 1 out you pesky sarpint or you'll
catch it."
"The bill of fare." '
"I don't n.v mv hill fill V I '
fodder." '
The waiter humbly explained his meani
tug.
-"WlialU ..11 aKmm. .uL J
live mfi Something nlain mnA h.rl U'.tmA
corn beef, and (etch it about tho quickest,
whilst I look over the psper and see what
else I'll hev."
"Hold on!" was the next order.
What's heret M-a C-a I Read it vvnn'S
you, sir 1
"Maecarom, sir."
"All right, cap'n. Hurry it np."
The dish was brought.
"You eternal run, I" rnar it,
easier, "el I hain't as great a mind as ever
T I I 1 ll "
in u iu aerwonop ye, anu make an exam
do of je on the spot. What do yc mean
iv ruunin' your riir. nn ma !ni Iia.h.m T'm
a alranerer in thee narl. f T.tr . - -
biled pipe stems, and fetch us tome cab-
u.ge. Ainu rignt. Ana now, squire,
aotne vinegar."
'Vinegar's in the castor, air," replied the
wsiter, and msde good his retrett.
"In the castor, is it, hey t" soliloquized
the Yankee. "And where in ihnnd.r i.
ihe castor t"
The youug man opposite pushed it to
wards him. He looked at it took the
BlODDer Out of thn vin.rr.r .nil l.ltn- ..n
the castor by the bottom turned it up. But
ii me crueis manuested a desire to illus
trate the laws of oravifv nA l.nr.nit.l.
locations, and the Yankee was compelled
iu act it uown again.
"Jerusalem 1" he exclaimed. "This here
is a curious contrivance, and no mistake.
How on airib am I to gel at the tarnal vin
egar! I'll try once more."
Atrain he cante-d in p.iin, K,., L:.
all the stopples tumbled out. '
- inunoerationi- ne roared; "here's a
pretty mess. Darn it all; here I've got the
darned castor all in my gravy, and the darn
ed red lead on my cabbage, and the yallar
on my 'later. Darn the thing I say I"
"My friend," said the gentleman oppo
site, with a strong control of bis risible
muscles, "it appears to me that if I wero in
want of vinegar, I ahould hare taken Ihe
vinegar cruet out of the stand, and by that
means I should avoid all trouble."
Here the whole company, waiters and
all, burst into a convulsive fit of laughter.
The Yankee rose in a nr. ,in.ntiin t,:a
chair, and glaring defiance at his neighbors.
stow in tne name ol all the eternal cuss
es in crestion," he yelled, "should I know
anything about the way the darned thing
worked, when I never aeed one of 'em be
fore! You've hatched this up agin me I
know it. Whar'. iIia Innln.Jf T.-.I.I.
---- I.IIU.UIU , 1 civil
your bill on I'll get out of this. I hain't
i.Biii i.vuia iiyim, uuwii pay up lute a
book, and cuss and quit. And if I ever
set out to eat a meal of vittles in Boston
town again, you may lake my hide and tan
it. Darn your caators, and your castor ile,
and you loo, and all 1" and flinging down a
dollar on the table, he seized his white bell
top from the hand of Ihe trembling waiter
and vamostd. Down Washington, and
State alrecta he streaked it like a comet, and
never slackened his pace until he pulled up
on board the Kennebec.
"Cap'n," said he lo the commander,
"cast off your lines jest as quick as you're
a mine lo and cf you catch me wanting to
see Boston again, jest take me by Ihe slack -and
throw me ritrht into that prn hi1r mntu
and all, by gravy I"
Horn or the Ciibistian. Our daily ob
serration and experience prove to us thai
hope springs continally in the breast of
man. If he undertakes a scheme and fails
of accomplishing it to his mind, hope will
nerve him up to the undertaking of another,
and so on lo tho end of life. It is right
that it should he ao. Wero it not for this,
life would be Insupportable. But there arc
limes, when the delusive hopes of the world
cannot give peace lo Ihe eouf. When sor
row, troubles and affliction overtake us
when health, fortune and friends are gone,
how dreary, how inconsolable, how sad our
lot, did not the hope of the gospel Incite u
to look forward to fairer prospects, and did
nqt one bright spot appear through sorrow's
clouds, which tells ut all it not darkness;
that light may yet shine upon us; and
while we view this bright spot our drooping
spirits are revived, and a ' hope of better
and brighter prospects cheer our hearts and
give' us light within. Misfortune's storms
may rage and sorrow's waves msy data';
trials and troubles wilh. a foaming fury rush
in on every side, and eren death's dark
waters be in full view, yet if we ride in the
bark of Christian hope, we need not fear,
'Twill bear ua safe through life's tempestu
ous seas outride the dark waters of death,
and conduct us Safe lo the haven of eternal
rest, where pesce like a river will ever flow
to Ihe soul, Ileligieut InttUigtnctr,
fX A man onee told his wife that she
was aa handsome as a picture, but there W JS
a grett difference in pictures,
fs-."; 'v:5i- .