Omaha daily bee., March 15, 1896, Page 13, Image 13

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"HIE PUGNACIOUS PREMIER
Gossip nnd Stories About the Fighting
Secretary of State.
RICHARD OLNEY AT WORK AND AT PLAY
A llnrd nml KxpcilUloii * Worker
How lie l.ooUx , Acln nml TnlUn
KnmoiiH AnccHtrx of Sir * .
Olncy.
WASHINGTON , March 12. Our troubles
k
'
It'll Spain will make Richard D. Olney
moro and moro prominent In the minds ot
the American people. Ho has been ocre-
tary ot state for only a few months , but his
work list made that department the most
Important branch ot the government. Ho
cllrred up our patriotism In hla Mler to
Lord Salisbury as to Venezuela. By Mo
action he brought the English to time , and
ho may bo called the father of the fighting
rrplrlt which la now abroad In the land.
Within the space of three months bo has
shown himself to be the strongest element
In Cleveland's administration , and today
upon him , to a largo extent , rests the qu&s *
tlon as to whether America shall have peace
or war. Within less than thrco months he
has Jumped from comparative obscurity to
International prominence , and tlio situation
at present Is such that he may bo a strong
presidential quantity at the democratic na
tional convention.
And still , with nil this , neither the politi
cians nor the people know much about
Richard IJ. Olnsy. Ho was not personally
known to the people ot Massachusetts be
fore bo was made attorney general , nnd
today the majority ot the statesmen of the
democratic party have no close- personal re-
Intlonn with him. Ho has never been n
politician , and docs not hnov , what It Is to
play the tondy nnd lick boots to get office.
Ho was one of the biggest lawyers of
Massachusetts at the Urns of his appoint
ment. Ho had n practice largely connected
with railroads , which I am told was worth
at least $50.000 a year , and , like most rail
road lawyers , he was to & great extent an
autocrat In Ills own office. He saw Whom
he pleased and did on he pleased. He has
carried the vame > principle into hla work
1'ero ' nt Washington , and congressmen nnd
senators have nt times had to cool their
ihcels In his onto room before they could get
to so him ,
WHO OLNEY IS ,
.But botoro I go farther as to Mr. Olncy ,
the secretary of state , let me toll you some
thing as to Mr. Olney. the man. He Is ono
of the most striking figures in Washington.
His face Is that ot an Irishman , though his
blood Is of Puritan blue. The pictures which
3iavo boon published do not do justice to
him. It Is Irish In every feature , and
though It Is said that bis ancestors emi
grated to this country from England , they
must have originally como from the vicinity
of Cork. The first Olney settled at Salem ,
Jvlnsa. Ho was a preacher , und his name
was Thomas. Ho Is said to Have been the
-founder of the Baptist church In America.
One of his sons v ns a colonel in the revolu
tionary war , and another was a captain , '
who received a number of bullet nnd bayonet
wounds during the struggle. Another Olney
who , 1 think , belonged to this same family
was the author of the Olney geographies.
These were used in the public schools of
-America for moro than thirty years. They
lad , it Is. said , a larger sale than any other
book outsldo of Webster's spelling book.
They ran through ninety-eight different edi
tions , and millions ot copies ot thorn were
wild.
Secretary Olney's father was the cashier
of a bank In Oxford , Mass. Richard Olney.
the secretary of state , was his oldest child.
Ho was born In 1835 , and ho Is now just
Cl years of age. Ho was educated
at Brown university and the Harvard law
school , and he began lila study of the law
under Judge Benjamin Franklin Thomas ,
ono of the most famous lawyers of Massa-
cliutctts. Ho soon showed his fitness for
the law , and III Is said that ho has made a
fortune out of his legal ability.
'AN ' ATHLETIC SECRETARY OP STATE.
Secretary Olney has better physical 'ma-
chlnory than any other man In the cabinet
Ho keeps himself in perfect condition b ;
exorcise. Ills joints are welt oiled. Hi'
blood la full of Iron , his eyes shine with life
and ho has the springiest stop ot all those
who tramp Pennsylvania avenue. There
is no public man who goes to more dinners
There Is nn man who has a better digestion
nnd n greater physical activity. Ho Is the
champion walker of the administration. Ho
takes from a three to a five-mile walk
cvory day. Ho surpasses , In this respect
old John Qulncy Adams , who , when ho was.
prcsldont , used to take a trot now and then
out to the capltol and back. Secretary Ol
ney leaves the State department at '
o'clock e\-ery day , and ho usually walks out
to the capital , takes a turn around the
national library on the other side , and then
goes to his homo , not far from the Blalno
mansion , via Massachusetts avenue. This
vpallt. all told , Is about three miles In
length , and the secretary makes It In less
than an hour.
Some people think that the secretary of
etato is snobbish. I don't believe It. Ho
Is full of plain , practical common sense , bul
jiot having been brought up in the school of
politics bo does not think it necessary to
lick bis lips and say sweet things whenever
a politician comes In sight. He Is , Indeed ,
decidedly Independent. This is to be seen In
Ills dross as well as his actions. The dress
of the average secretary of state ha been a
long Prince Albert coat , dark pantaloons and
n high silk hat. Secretary Olney's favorite
suit Is of a business cut. Ho wears a sack
coat , and I have seen him going down Penn
sylvania avenue when the thermometer was
not far from zero without an overcoat. Ho
wears an overcoat only In the coldest and
stormiest weather. Ho has , like aa not. his
hands In his pockets as ho walks , and his
liat Is of a soft folt. Ho puts on a. Prince
'Albert coat or tbo double-breasted frock
only on diplomatic days when ho receives his
callers. On other days ho Is dressed like
the most ordinary business man , and ho
could take a blcyclo ride without changing
lila clothes.
FONP OP TBNNIS.
The secretary believes In working while
lie works and In playing nhlle ho plays. He
also evidently believes that all work and
110 play makes Jack a dull boy. Hence his
walks ; hence also hla tennis games during
the summer. At half-past 4 o'clock every
afternoon from April to October Secretary
Olney baa a game of tennis. Ho leaves the
department , goes to his homo and puts on a
tennis suit of white flannel. Ho then takes
Ills racquet and walks to a tennis ground on
'Massachusetts avumio eltuatcd on a little
vacant lot right next to where Mrs. Grant
lives , and tlioro play * tennis until dork. Sev
eral other statesmen play with him and they
liop about between the nets with aa much
agility as a lot ot school boys. After the sec
retary baa finished his tennis In the oummcr
and his walk In the winter , he goes home ,
lias hla bath and dresses for dinner. Ho puts
on a swallow-tall coat at such tlmo and
appears at the table In full evening dress.
Ho has to do thla In most cases , at least , for
during the winter ho la Invited out to dinner
nearly every night , and hla position aa sec
retary of state keeps him busy In giving and
returning such Invitations.
And here , by the way. la one feature of
ur social festivities which many ot tbo good
church people at Washington do not like.
It Is the Sunday evening dinner , which la
coirmou among many of the diplomats , and
Which , I regret to say , la not unknown to
Secretary Olney. He frequently gives din
ners of a Sunday evening , and at such tlmea
has * many of hla friends at hla table.
Washington with all its sin has a strong
religious element. Ono ot the loading
PRBtors preached against thwa dinners not
long ago. and it will not bo strange If an
anti-Sunday dining society should be formed ,
HOW OLNEY WORKS.
Secretary Olney la , I am told , the flrat
man at the State department In the morn
ing. He la ono of the hardest workers ot
the present cabinet. He rites at C o'clock
uud reads the papers before breakfast. Ho
liaa hla broakfaat at 7:30. and by 8:30 he la
i-eady to start to the office. He reaches the
department at 8:45 : , and very often Olnoy
lilmself and hla private secretary. Mr.
lllandford , are the only men there at that
( line. The average secretary ot etate does
.Hot appear before 10 , and he usually takes
at least two hour * tot lunch James O
Blalno seldom upont more than a couple ol
hours a day at the department. He had i
telephonic connection with his house , an < !
hl bnllcr could never tell you whcthci
nifllno WAS nt the house or the State depart
nirnt until he had gone In to Mr. Blalne ant
atked him where ho was. K Blalne dldn'i
want to see you he was atnays nt the Stall
department ,
Mr OUicy begins his work at a qualtci
to 9 , Ho does not sit at the largo des )
In the middle ot'thc office. Ho has a llttli
roller-top desk away off In one corner o
the room. It Is situated just In front of thi
window , and Olncy Is so rhut off that yoi
can approach him only from one aide
There is ono chair near this desk , and thi
others who wish to sea him must eltnci
take n scat at the other side ot the roomer
or , what Is more probable , wait In the anti
room until he Is ready to receive them.
THE SECRETARY'S BIG MAIL.
Thp first thing tbo &ecrct ry doe upor
leaching the department Is to go througli
bin mall. The letters which come to the
secretary of state every day would fill a
Dumber ot btihe > 1 baskets. The mall , how
ever , Is fitted again and again before It Is
brought to the secretary. Every lettci
which con bo attended to without his nd'
vlco Is weeded out , and only the Importanl
letters are left. Mr. Olney has learned
from his work aa n lawyer to leave dcUlls
lo others and to tavo himself whore > ho can ,
He first takes up his personal mall and goes
through It. He then applies himself to the
letters of the department. Ho takes up a
letter , rapidly glances through It , and then
dictates his reply. Ho dictates quickly ,
seldom stopping for rf word , and seldom
changing n sentence attar It has been dic
tated. This work goes on until about 10
o'clock. At this tlmo he begins to receive
bis callers. On his busy days ho sees only
these who have something of Importance to
discuss with htm , Ho takes one man at a
time , and finishes up with him bcforo he
goes to the next. Ho appreciates the value
of his time , and he gets to the point quickly.
If a man does not ray what hi ? business la
ho asks him. Ho decides most matters off
hand , nnd as a rule knows his own mind.
After having finished with his callers his
mall Is brought In to him to sign. Ho Is
very careful as to this part of hla work.
He dictates the letters very rapidly , but ho
signs them very slowly. Ho reads over
every letter , -word for word , bcforo he signs
It , and In case there Is a doubt as to policy
or meaning ho lays the letter aside or
changes It. At 12:30 : his Boston mall comes
In. He "looks over this , and by 1 o'clock Is
ready to leave for luncheon. Ho drives
homo In the department carriage , and Is
gone about three-quarters of an hour. He
cats moderately , drinks but little , and does
noi chow or smoke. After ho is through
with his lunch he goes back to the depart
ment and works steadily until 4 , when ho
loaves for his walk or his tennis.
PREPARED THE BAYARD LETTER.
I have said that the secretary dictates
answers to all ot his letters. It Is interest
ing to know how he prepares his state
papers. When ho has anything very Im
portant to write he docs not use a stenog
rapher. He first takes a pencil and pad
and writes out carefully Just what ho wants
to say , nnd then hands the manuscript over
to his typewriter to be copied. He revises
carefully , nnd when the paper Is completed
It represents his exact thoughts. All of the
Important State department papers which
have boen'acnt out during his administra
tion have been written by him. He wrolo
all of the Bayard Instructions except the
last paragraph. This was written by Presi
dent Cleveland.
1 called upon Secretary Olney some time
ago at the State department. He talked with
mo for wma time , but would not permit mete
to quote him In the newspapers. I could sec ,
however , that he has a number of new Ideas
as to our diplomatic nervlce , and that bo Is a
big enough man not to bo twisted around the
fingers of Julian Pauncefoto. the British mln.
later , or of the other wily diplomats of Wash
ington. He Is , I Judge , a man with a strong
backbone. Ho has opinions of bis own , and
Is not afraid to act upon them. He comes
out In striking contrast with Secretary Bay
ard , who had no backbone at all , and who
was , I believe , the weakest man who over
held the portfolio of state. Bayard was al
ways an English trimmer. When he was
secretary of state he knuckled down to the
English , and he was only happy when he wa
giving a luncheon to some of the Engllshme
who now and then como to the capital.
OLNEY AND CLEVELAND.
Secretary Olney has a summer home no
far from Gray Cables , where Cleveland ha
been spending his summer vacations , and I
was probably through the acquaintance ther
formed that the president chose him as at
tcrney general. I am told that Olney too !
the place thinking that his work would be , t
a largo extent , Judicial In Its nature. H
found It was much more political than any
thing else. It Is slid that he was much die
Busted with It , and that he was glad to leav
It for the secretaryship of state. While h
was attorney general , Cleveland advlsod wit
him as to state matters , and the two ar
very close to cno another upon all matter
relating to the administration. Olney is mad
of different stuff from the average cablnc
minister that Cleveland has bad. During hi
last administration the different secretaire
were only clerks to the president , and this Is
to a largo extent , the case today , with the
exception of Secretary Olncy. OInoy has an
opinion of his own on every subject. Ho al
ways has a reason for his opinion , and Cleve
land , -obstinate as ho Is on most matters. Is
always amenable to reason. As to whethe
Cleveland really wants a third term or not
am not ableto say. As to whether he wants
Olney to be president , I do not know , but 1
Is very certain that Olney would make a bet
ter presidential candidate than any other man
In tbo cabinet.
A WORD ABOUT MRS. OLNEY.
Secretary Olney lives here at Washington
In a house on the corner of Seventeenth am
Rhode Island avenue. His house is within
two blocks of the British legation , within a
stone's throw ot the statue of General Scott
and about six blocks from the whlto house ,
It Is a cream-colored brick of three stories
and contains In the neighborhood of twenty
rooms. His wife presides over the estab
lishment , and one of his daughters , Mrs
Mlnot , Is with him. Ho has , I bcl'evo , a
second daughter , who Is married to a phy
sician and who lives in Germany. Mrs.
Olney comes of an ancestry quite as noted
us that ot the secretary. She is a daughter
of the Judge Thomas with whom Mr. Olncy
studied law. While the future secretary
was courting Blackstone ho courted Miss
Thomas as well , and the result ot his court
ship was marrlacc. The Thomasca came
Dyer to this country from England at a
very early date. Mrs. Olney'a great-groat
grandfather was Izalah Thomas , ono of the
Founders of the Massachusetts Spy. This
paper began Its publication In 1770. It w
i trl-weekly and was very strongly antl-
DritLsh. The. torles tried to break It up ,
mil Mrs. Olney'a great-great-grandfather
liad to flee n number of tlmea with his type
and machinery In order to save It. This
imn Thomas was with Paul Revere on that
'amoua ride , when he carried the news of
: ho crosslne of the Charles river by tEe
ilrltlali troops to the Inhabitants of the In-
crlor towns. It was the ride celebrated
> y Longfellow In that poem which begins ao
allows :
Jsten , my children , nnd you shall hear
) f the midnight rldo of Pnul Revere.
> n the eighteenth of April , In seventy-live ;
Iiirdly a man is now alive
, Vho remembers that day nnd year.
lo xnld to his friend , "it the British march
ly land or sea from the town tonight ,
luiika lantern aloft In the belfry urch
H the North Church Tower aa a signal
) ne. If by land , and two , If by sea ;
Vnd I on the opposite ehore will be ,
tcady to ride und spread the alarm
Through every Middlesex village and farm
for the country folk to bo up und to nrrn. "
Well , Mrs. Olney's great-great-grandfather
ras with Paul Revere when lie took the
Ide , and It was In his "Massachusetts Spy"
m tbo 3d of the next month that ho printed
ho motto :
"Americans , liberty or death ! Join or die , "
Now , 120 years later , the great-great-grand.
augutor ot thla man Is wife ot the secretary
f state who Is causing England more trouble
han any secretary we have had for tbo past
wo generations. It Is queer , U It not , bow ,
o a certain extent , history repcata Itself ?
n
In these days ot telephone , telegraph , eleo-
rlclty and steam people cannot afford to
rait days or as many hours for relief. Tbla
i our reasoa for offering you One Minute
lough Cure. Neither daya nor boura , nor
vcn minute * , elapse before relief la afforded.
NOTED WOMEN COMPOSERS
Two Bostoneso Distinguished in the Bedims
of Song and Symphony ,
THEIR METHOD OF WORK OUTLINED
Inlrrtlevrn Trlth Minn Lnnpr nnil Mr * .
Ilcncli .SlmiiltiR Their Conijtiml-
ilnim wllli n-1'onrll Itnthcr
Thnn a rintio.
nOSTON , March 12. "Miss Lang , I want
you to tell mo something ot how composers
work. Do they , generally speaking , work
much nt the piano , depending upon Im
provising , for Instance , to stumble upon
seme grand motllT ? "
"I suppose the methods of composers vary
as much as those ot other artists. I can
only speak with certainty of my own. Lit
tle songs nnd smaller compositions gen-
cully take definite and permanent shape In
my mind bcforo I touch my pencil. In
greater works I often find It necessary to
deviate somewhat from my original Idea
when I come to the actual scoring.
"I think -very few composers work at the
piano , and often the Idea la as spontaneous
as a smile or a sigh. I remember once
when McDowell was staying with us , he
suddenly learned that It was the anniver
sary of my mother's wedding day. He Im
mediately turned to mo and said : 'Let us
play them a triumphal march at dinner , '
and , seating himself at the desk , ho wrote
out In about ten minutes a march that had
all the flro , color , balance and poise of a
work of art. We played It at dinner to
the great delight of the family. . "
"Do compositions suggest themselves as
simple melodies for you to nil In the har
monies according to your knowledge ot
counterpoint and the rules ot harmony , and
do they make their appearance a phrase at
a tlmo ? "
SONO WIUTINQ.
"Emphatically no. A melody , a simple
tune never comes without Its accompany
ing harmonics , and always In more com
plete form than by single phrases. You
know I was really very old , compared with
many , when I began to compose. 1 must
have been 11 or 12. I had never given
much attention to music except to playing
the violin. I began to fiddle with rome
other girls , and the Idea en mo to mo to
compose some concerted music for our spe
cial uso. I had never studied harmony at
all , so I turned my composition over to my
father , who walked over the Incorrect scor
ing with his blue pencil , and It was de-
over until > ! wi entirety familiar
with It. Yes , my Idea * porno to me pretty
clearly defined , or ' at least they
are formulated befdroi t touch my
pencil , a IK ! 1 rarely change them. I
may make a slight alteration in some chord ,
but often the only cfepy I make Is the one
I send to the publisher , , The only exception
to this Is In the ca o of certain songs where
the verses arc what 1 call cranky ; that Is
to say , they contain flulty meters and arc
badly constructed , and yet the poem as a
whole pleases me so much that I cannot
give It up. In ymt caie I often write the
song over four or five times. In writing n
song , I first read the poem many , many
times until It has become a part of me ,
The Hey 19 the first thing to suggest Itself
to me , and after tljJt U some * jihrane by
phrase until the wiole has taken shape.
All orlgfhal art workers must have various
plots and scheme tlockotcd away In the
'pigeon-holes' of their brains , undergoing a
kind of mental digestion , nn unconscious
growth , until the day that they shall be
called for. I have many such plans wait
ing for me to develop them ; nnd since you
take such a kindly Interest In my work , you
may be glad to know ( hat only today 1
wrote the lost notes of my new symphony. "
WONDERFUL PRECOCITY.
Asldo from her musical achievements , Mrs ,
llfach has the most Interesting personality ,
uniting the fascination of a highly culti
vated mind with the most charming man
ners. She nas ono of those musical
prodigies that literally distinguished herself
when nn Infant In arms , humming a tune
while still In long clothes , nnd singing the
alto to a nursery rhyme before she had
ever heard n duet. Her memory docs not
extend back to the tlmo when filio did not
both compose and play. After listening to
these tales of her Infancy , I turned to her
mother , who was In the room , nnd nsked :
"Did not this precocity of genius poem
uncanny to you ? "
"Not In the least , " was the reply ; "she
nas always so simple nnd natural about
It. When only 4 years old she went upon
a visit to her grandfather's , whore there
was no piano. After she returned she one
day said to me : 'Oh , mamma , I composed
n waltz while I wa > away. '
" 'Oh , that Is Impossible , my child , ' said
I ; 'you had no piano. "
" 'But I have It here , ' pointing to her
little head : Scarcely believing her , I lifted
her up on the piano stool , nnd she played
a simple waltz of three or four movements
as perfectly as though she been practicing
It for dayo. You , perhaps , know that she
played with the Symphony orchestra when
only 14 years old. "
"As to sex In art , I cannot recognize any
such discrimination , " said Mrs. Roach. "Art
Is art. As regards man's and woman's
brains , there Is no question of superior
ity or Inferiority ; there Is simply a differ
ence of timbre. Women have not com
posed bocaueo they have lacked opportunity.
They always will , always should. Numer
ically the compositions ot women can never
equal those of men ; for the man who com
poses can devote his life to It. I do not
' '
MRS. BEACH' AND 'Ml's's ' LANG.
elded that If I were going to compose I
must Immediately begin the study ot har
mony , counterpoint , and , finally , of orches
tration. It seems to mo that only a very
mathematical mind can enjoy studying har
mony for Us own sake. It Is very dltncult ,
and is Interesting only as a means to an
end , as an aid to composition. "
"In writing songs , is your aim to dm
words for some melody you have In minder
or do you compose the music to voice som
favorite poem ? " " *
"Always the latter. Nevln told me earn
years ago I do not know whether hi
methods may have changed that It wa
his custom to commit a poem to memory
and carry it about tn his mind for day
and weeks. That It went with him every
where , upon the streets nnd Into the shop
until It was literally In his blood , then the
music came. "
EFFECTS OF THE BLUE PENCIL.
"Do you find it necessary to modify o
alter your works after hearing an orchestra
play them for the first time ? "
"I Bometlincs find that certain effects
overbalance the particular effect for which
I have striven ; but I bavo an absurd prcju
dice against working a composition over
which I have- once considered finished. ' .
vastly prefer writing something quite new
trying to avoid the faults into which I may
have previously fallen. After the Dostoi
oichestra rehearsed my symphony for the
first time , the conductor requested me to
moke . considerable cut In one ot the move
ments. Very much against my wishes ]
did so , and after the concert ono ot the
first violins came to mo and said : 'Oh
Miss Lang , why did you malio that cut'
If you had a child with ono leg longer than
the other , you would not try to remedy
the defect by cutting oft the foot. The
part cut may have been Inadequate , your
balance may not have been good , but il
was the best yon had , and by the cut you
simply deprived the movement of any sense
of balance whatever. It was exactly llko
taking oft the child's foot to make the legs
of equal length. ' I knew how true this
was , and If I had been a little stronger and
icrlmps a little older , I should have ic-
'uscd to submit to the cutting process , even
I It meant the withdrawing of the sym
phony. "
A BRILLIANT BOSTONIAN.
A tow hours later found me at the beau
tiful home of Mrs. II. A. llcach of Com
monwealth avenue.
"I am euro that composers , as a rule ,
work qulto Independently ot the piano , "
said Mrs. Beach. "Of course. In writing
uuslo strictly for the piano , one may try
: bo effect ot what one has produced as he
; ces along. But In composing for orches
tra I never touch the Instrument , as the
result would bo only misleading , giving
one. Indeed , quite a false idea of vajues. "
"I suppose , Mrs. Beach , before commit-
Ing your composition to paper you hear
t aa clearly nnd definitely with the mind's
ear , aa the artist sees his picture before
painting It. "
"Absolutely , every note of It. Ono must
lave a skilled memory for the values of
he different Instruments. You know Wag-
lier wrate the whole of 'Lohengrin' with
out ever hearing a note of It with-bis outer
ar. It was during his exile to a little
Swiss village ; and you can Imagine the heart
mngor ot that great soul upon receiving
Bust's enthusiastic letters of Its produc-
lon In Weimar , Every effnrt was made
o persuade the government to allow Wag
ner to go to Wofmar for a single night ,
hat he might hear his work just once ,
and then return to exile but all In vain.
get almost as much pleasure from reading
ho orchestral score of a great work as from
tearing It played. You doubtless would
irofer seeing Booth's 'Hamlet' to reading
he play , but would vastly prefer reading
he play to seeing It badly put on the stage ,
t is exactly so with me In music. I would
get the same comparative pleasure from
eadlng an orchestral score as you would
et from reading 'Hamlet. ' "
METHODS OP COMPOSITION.
"When you hear one of your works played
or the first time , does It offer you any
urprtaes ? " >
"Very few. Some details may be a little
ess or a little more brilliant than I bad
maglnod. But It Is practically as I have
eard It In my mind , When the Breton
ymphony played my mass two years after
. bad been completed , It simply seemed
ko some work that I had heard many
know a single man composer who Is In an
other business or profession than music
Woman la first of all a woman. She mus
bear children and fulfill the duties > of a
home , be she ever so gifted ; so that unles
very peculiarly situated , she is likely t
always lack the leisure to accomplish 1
art the amount of work that men can do
A POSTER U03IAXCE.
Chicago Record.
She posed within a poster gown
Beneath a poster tree ;
A poster background wiggled down
Into a poster sea.
I mustered up a poster smile ,
And said : "Oh , queerest lass.
If you decide It worth your while
Our troth shall come to pass. "
She viewed me vylth a poster frown
And cried : "It rannot be
You have no weird , grotesque renown-
Too plain you are for me. "
I wildly dashed upon wheel ;
I scorched It here nnd there ,
Collided , spilled , and with a squeal
I heard my garments tear.
All mud and blood and rags I ride
To her who illd me fling ;
She dropped upon my nccl ; and sighed :
"Ah , now you're Just ( he thing ; "
HEMGIOUS.
Rev. Dr. Pellcy , a Presbyterian minister o
New England , has been converted to Catho
licism , and has entered the retreat of the
Paullst fathers In New York.
Extensive preparations are being ma < ? o In
Washington to entertain the Christian En
deavor convention next July. A resolution
has been IntroJuced Into the senate to grant
the UEO ot the white lot and the msnumcrt
grounds.
In New York City not one-halt of the
churches exist today. In proportion id pupu-
latlon , that existed fitly years ngo. The an
nual gain In membership is but ill II.tie over
1 per cent , tnd ot this not one-quarter are
males.
The total number of capital letters in the
whole bible Is 106,990 ; ot small capitals , G.S97.
and of lower case , 3,452,533 ; grand total of
letters , Including one AE , 3,060,481. If you
don't believe this , count 'em.
Bishop Julius ot New Zealand la much
Toublol by the number of spurious coins
lound in the church offertories of the dlo-
ceso. In a recent sermon ho said : "I never
saw so much bad coin in all my life. To
offer to the church the cause of God
nionoy that the baker cr the butcher would
not accept shocks me. The man that would
lo that wa'ita the grace of God badly or
hreo months. "
Rev. Dr. Logan ot Scranton. Pa. , has been
elected a member of the Victoria Institute of
Great Britain. This la a philosophical so
ciety that comprises in its membership some
of the brightest minds In the United King
dom. Its purpose is lo reconcile the revela-
lon ot science with the statements of the
bible.
The Boers know the 'bible If they know
nothing elseot wh'at Is called , literature.
They are probably the only homogeneous
lecple remaining on the globe whoso read-
ng and whose Intellectual ailment are purely
scriptural. Thoyj arci essentially a puritan
latlon and they maintain a strictly tlico-
ratlc community , such as the good men who
ounded Plymouth and Boston fondly hoped
o preserve on Massachusetts bay. It IK said
l.at the Boors 1-ave twice moved northward ,
esvlng numerous possessions , which could
not bo carried along , and facing the prlva-
lena and risks at savage wilds mainly for
ho purpose of preserving their young people
rom demoralizing contact with the lax
and Irreligious "ulllandcr. "
Ono hundred and fifty penniless negrooa
re the victims of a religious craze at Mont
gomery , Ala. For several months leaders
mong the more Ignorant negroes have
leached that such us would profess and bo-
love In their doctrine would be transported
o heaven March 5. Accordingly , many dls-
osed of their effects , property they had
worked many yearn to accumulate , and ICO
f them assembled at a little railroad yard
hurch at daybreak on the morning ot the
th and spent the day frantically shouting
nd praying , The expected ascension did
ot materialize.
WHAT ARE CATHODE RAYS ?
Nicola Tcsla Eelioves Thorn to Bo Audible
Sonnd Waves.
DECLARES HE HAS HEARD THEM
They Mnr H I'roilnroil Without
Ornokc'ii Tnlu-n I3 | > Tlinrn ( irlth
n Siteclnt I.niiip nnit n NnUcil
\Vlre-IiooiUliiM : Mlncrnln.
( Copyright , 1558. by S. 8. McClure , Limited. )
In this period of wide nnd perhaps ex
aggerated Interest In the. experiments of
Prof. Roentgen In photographing shadow ef
fects through solids , It Is Interesting to
know Just what the ? ) much talked of cath
ode rays nro , and what role Is played In
thcao new manifestations by the Crookcs ,
tubes , which have been ued thus far by
nearly nil experimenters.
Nlkcla Testa , who discovered the existence
of these rays nnd had made repealed ex
periments with them long before the pres
ent excitement began , takes Issue with thosu
scientists who regard them ns a form of
wave propagation through the other and de
clares that they nro neither more nor leai
I
NICOLA TESLA.
than sound waves of electrified air. And this
statement ho made as far back as 1891.
Sound waves of electrified air ; what docs
this mean ? Let ua go back to fundamental
principles : Every one knows that when a
bell Is struck the round Is carried to the
oar by wave vibrations traveling through the
air. The higher the pitch cf the bell the
greater becomes the numbsr ot BDUnd vibra
tions per second , and the higher on the scale In
the resulting tone. And it Is a well es
tablished fact that sound vibrations may occur
with such rapidity aa to pass beyond the
ordinary Tango of hearing nnd become In
audible. Most potple , for Instance , nro unable
to hear sounds produced by vibrations of
moro than twenty thousand to the second ,
although a few persons with exceptional
hearing Mr. Telsw himself Is ruch a per
son can detect sound of thirty thousand vi
brations or even more. And naturalslst
bring evidence t prove that certain animals
or Insects are gifted with the capacity ot
detecting sounds far beyond these ; Indeed
there is ) no known limit to the ran KG ot
theoretical sound , the limitations being all
In the human car.
H Is on this theory that Mr. Tcsla regards
these cathode rays with their Incredibly
swift vibrations as being really sound waves
producing audlblo tones to any ear capable
of hearing them.
TESLA HEARD CATHODE RAYS.
Of course the tremendous elevation of
these sounds , duo to vibrations of. say 100-
000 In a second , makes It Impossible for any
human being fully to hear them , and yet ,
owing perhaps to the years which ho hnl
pascsd In solitude In the laboratory , under
the most intense nervous tension , Mr. Tcsla
has 'on various occasions heard
some of there strange sound wavea.
Doubtless they were the lower ones ,
but their tones came distant to
bis car with amazing fineness , hut clear
as n distant bell. It Is likely that no other
man ever hoard sounds ot such high vibra
tion , and Mr. Tesla noted with surpiso that
the mere hearing of these sounds produced
a strange effect upon him and tended to
induce sleep. Repeatedly he strained his
onrs to listen and each time success was
followed by the fcamo peaceful lulling sensa-
tlon , and , strange to say , each tlmo as he
nas at the very point of sinking into un
consciousness the sound grew louder In Ills
brain , as If to show that the cerebral center
of hearing becomes more acutely sensitive
at the moment of passing from waking Into
sleep.What
What makes ft prohablo that the cathode
rays are rapidly vibrating sound waves trans
mitted through the air , and "hot ether waves ,
as others have affirmed , is the well estab
lished fact that light which moves through
the ether will not penetrate certain solids ,
but that sound , which moves through the
ar , will penetrate roost of these solids
Furthermore , It has long been known that
the bcnsltlzed photographic plato is chemi
cally affected by certain sounds , even those
audible to the ear , and experiments now
being carried on by Mr , Tcsla and others
are likely to demonstrate conclusively that
neither electricity , nor unseen light waves
or chemical rays , but .sound waves , are the
causa of the phenomena pointed out by Prof.
Roentgen.
From this It becomes plain that electricity
has no necessary relation to tlisBo shadow
photographs. Neither Oiave the Crookes
tubes. They ao useful at present , Indeed
essential , as the ? form the moat convenient
nieana of throwing- the air Into a state of
such rapid vibration as will produce effects
upon the sensitized plate. Hut a tuning
Fork would do this Just as well , so Mr. Tesla
thinks' , If one could bo made that would
produce a sound ot 100,000 vibrations In n
becond , or a bell of corresponding pitch
would answer equally , or any other mechani
cal device which would set the air vibrating
at such enormous rapidity.
PRODUCED WITHOUT CROOKES TUI3C3.
There la no doubt , Mr. Tcsla says , that
he Crookes tubes might be entirely dU-
) cnod with In taking tlieao shadow pn ! > -
ographu and Ida cathode rays produced
n various other ways. In his own cx-
wrlments In shadow photography Mr ,
Pea I a uucs a special lamp of Ills own de
ign , which filvw much better results
tan the Crookes tubes. And he has
lemonstrntcd again and again that the ca-
hodu ray are sent out In streams from a
> are copper wlra Uhrough which Is passing
L current of enormously high potential , Kay
CO.OOO or 300.000 volts. Think what that
noans ! During every second the current
a projected first ono way and then the
ther , say a quarter of a million times , bent-
ng upon the turroundlng air 250,000 times
n the drawing of a breath. That it is really
his back and forward movement of the al-
ernatlng current that causes such batlng
pen Uue ! air and hence the cathode nya Is
hewn by the fact that no such rays ar * pro-
ucoi by a continuous current , that Is one
vhlch flown round and round the circuit
Iwaya In the same direction.
Each blow of these amazing llttlo trip-
lammera that work Incessantly against the
ilr wherever an alternating current Is sent ,
: auBes the layer of air about the wire tea
a h Hself asralnst the furroimdlni ; layer
nd so they go , these paucd wavw of elcctri-
led air , back and forth , a hundred thoimnd ,
wo hundred thousand times In a p ccnd ,
Ippllng Into space. While they are In-
Iblblo to the eye , and Inaudible to the ear ,
heir Impact may b felt upon the body , If
mo standa near where a current of such
ilgh potential Is paralng. In some of hta
ixporlments Mr. Tesla has felt thexe navcn
Ike tilaps In tun face at a distance of several
act from the wire , and It Is only o question
f giving great enough Intensity to such B
urrent to produce shadow photajrapha with-
ut the Intervention of a Crooked tube or any
ther form of lamp. The lighting does this
\ nature , for more than once It has happened
n a otorrn that the electrlo flayh has had
( holographic effect upon surrounding objects ,
nd It la altogether likely that thla power
f lightning to make photographs la duo to
tie violent projection ot cathode rays through
ho surrounding air ,
What the Crookes tube docs In experiments i
i shadow photography , a they bavo been !
Heavy Hangings ami
Dainty Drapes
Odd pieces
nt Odd prices
Monday to clear out left
over curtains and drapes
we make a special sale
on our second floor that
1 needs your house clean
ing1 attention :
One JS.OO nnd J7.BO Alhftmbru nnd French Tapes One
tries , xlnqlo pairs nnd odd curtain * , choice $2-50
day of the lot nt , * * and
Silk Chenille. Chela nnd Frnlich TntvMry
Hnnglngn ifith eonlury designs , plnln nnd
to
two
diulo styles , ninny } 15.0i ) now. . . n. .
sell 17.00 Point de Sprnlt JO KH pairs
Lncn Curtnlns fpfit\J\r
them alike
Laec Ciirtnlnn. , , . IpIU.UU
PIEcn nOODS-ln Silk DamnMc nnd Tapestry -
try , Empire designs , tinsel effects-mostly $
$2.75 goodp for door hnrtglngs nnd furnl- $1-00
turo coverings choice nt. .
*
Remnants of 25010 si.oo Embroidered Muslins ice yd.
Orchard & Wit helm Carpet Co. ,
1110 Douglas Street.
thus far conducted , Is to facilitate velocity
In the llttlo triphammers. The dlfllculty
in sending forth CAthode rays from an nn
ccvoreJ wire lies In the fact that the sur
rounding air strata press so closely upot
the particles of , air that receive the firs
Impact ns lo prevent them from moving
freely and giving a strong Impulse to the
surrounding particles. For comparison , taki
a bottle filled with shot nnd It It Is packet
full you may shako It ns much ns you plciiso
without causing any disturbance nmong the
separate shot , but it you pour out threo-
qi-artors of the shot and then shako it will
equal force the shot remaining Inside \vll
fly about In all directions nnd make n great
commotion. The Grooves tube docs cxactl }
that for the particles of air. preventing
them from crowding upon the wire by pour
ing out mosl of them , that Is , by creating
what Is called a vacuum , but what Is really
only a glass tube filled with , rarefied air.
The wire of the circuit being introduced
Into this thin air- buffets Its particles about
under the blows , of Its swift alternations
with far greater effectiveness than would be
possible were It left to sXrlku against the
heavier layers of ordinary air. The differ
ence Is as great In the case of a prize
fighter trying to strike a blow under water
or again In the air.
NO CATHODE RAYS IN A VACUUM.
It may bo demonstrated , however , that the
efficiency of the Crookes tube In .producing
the cathode rays Is due to the vibrations of
the particles of rarefied air within , and that
w'thout such rarefied air particles there
cculd be no production of the rays. Mr.
Tesla has shown this In an Ingenious ap
paratus devised by himself , by turning an
alternating current Into a Crookes tube In
\\hlch has been produced nn absolutely per
fect vacuum , something regarded ns unat1-
tal ablo. by most scientists , but possible to
him. From such a Crookes tube no cathode
rays , whatever , are found to emerge , for the
simple reason that the alternating shocks
from the wire having no medium to act upon ,
produce no effect upon the surrounding glass
tube , and hence none upon the outside air.
I suggested to Mr. Tesla that It might be
posslblo to demonstrate his theory that the
cathode rays are really sound waves of elec
trified air , by Introducing a perfect vacuum
tubs In the ordinary apparatus for photo
graphing shadow pictures and causing the
rays to pass through this vacuum before
Impinging on the photographic film. It Is
known of course Ural ether waves will tra
verse a vacuum while sound waves will not ,
and It would seem that this new theory
would thus bs put to the test , since If the
plato was affected by the rays In splto of
the vacuum. It would show that they were
not sound waves , while If the vacuum pre
vented It from be-i-g sensitized then Mr.
Tesla's view would be sustained.
"Such an experiment would be InterestIng -
Ing , " he said , "but It would not be con
clusive , since the cathode rays once started
move with such Incredible velocity that they
would jump through any ordinary vacuum.
I estimate that the air particles In a Crookes
tube set In vibration by a high potential cur
rent arc hurled back and forth at the rate
of from three to flvo kilometers a second.
In order to overcome this great momentum
It would be necessary to produce n vacuum ,
occupying a considerable space , and that Is
not easy to do. Still , I am sure that before
long the scientific world will recognize that
these cathode rays are the Identical sound
wavea of electrified air which I announced
years ago. "
RAYS AS DIVINING RODS.
Mr. Tcsla thinks that as soon as moro cer
tain knowledge Is obtained In this new field
of Investigation , and as eoon as the ap
paratus for producing shadow photographs
acquires isreater intensity , the cathode rayo
will bo found of great oarvlce In mining
operations , and In prospecting for mlncrnl
veins nnd deposits ) . It Is known that sound
wavea will penetrate many feet through the
earth , revcral hundred , possibly 1,000 feet ,
and with Improved appliances there Is no
reason -why photographs should not bo taken
through considerable thicknesses of earth ,
ray. between shafts 100 feet or moro apart ,
which would show exactly what was con
tained In the section of ground between the
sensitive- plato placed In ono shaft and the
apparatus for ending out the cathode ray a
placed In the other. Experiments already
made chow that each metal and clement of
the earth gives Its particular shadow picture ,
just as the various elements are recognized
by different lines and color In spectrum
analysis. So It would bo possible on looking
at a photograph through a depth of earth
to recognize the pro ence of Iron , coal , fllvcr ,
gold , copper , clay , oil and other products of
the earth , tills result being a great saving In
the expense of preliminary searching.
And wo have here too a now nnd simple
method for analyzing ores which will consist
elmply In holding the fragment to be tested
between the cathode rays and a screen spe
cially prepared BO , na to give out a phos
phorescent glow wherever the rays strike It ,
but to give a varying siadow effect
wherever obstacles como between. In an
Instant the mineralogist will , with trained
eye , recognize on the screen the character
istic fhadow of this or that metal , and be at
no further trouble In the matter.
CLEVELAND MOPFBTT.
Till HUTU TO A MOT1IISH.
In the new volume of " "the heretofore un
published poems of Christina Rnssettl Is thla
shannlng poem , written In her mother's old
ige :
My blessed mother dozing In her chnlr
On ( Jlirlsliniia day teemed an embodied
Love ,
A comfortable Love with Heft brown Imlr
Softened nnd silvered to n tint of dove ;
A butter ort of Vurius with nn air
Angellcnl from thoughts Unit dwell above ;
A wiser I'alliiH In whoso body fair
Knshrlned a blessed soul looks out thereof.
Winter brought holly then ; now spring
bun broutiht
Paler and fiullfr snowdrops shlverlntr ;
/Vid / ( I huvo brought a blmplo , humbla
thought
I her devoted , duteous Valentine
\ llfi'-long thought which thrills this none
I Hln * ; ,
A llfo.lont' love to thla dear saint of mine.
A Jlouseliolil
I ) . W. Fullfir of Canajoharlo , N. Y. ( says
that ho always keeps Dr. Klng'a Now Dls-
: every Jn the houua and his family hau al-
ivays found the very ho t results follow its
J e ; that ho would not be without it , If. pro-
: urablo. G. A. Dykoman , druggist , Catsklll ,
V. Y. , aaya that1 Dr. King's Now Dlncovery
a undoubtedly the beat cough remedy ; that
10 has uasd it In hlo family for eight years
ind It hau never failed to do all that lo
slalmed for It. Why not try a remedy BO
eng tried ! and tested ? Trlsl bottle free at
Culm & Co.'a drug store. Regular size , GOc
ind { 1.00.
READY FOR THE COMMITTEE
Waller Says Ho Will Prove Mr , Gossnrd
Mistaken.
THE LOCAL OPPOSITION TO SOCIALISM
Trillion UnlniilNtH IIuvo I.Utlv Ilklii | ,
lor tlio lVi > w TlitMirj- Hint AViiut
It Kt'iit Out of I , ! > or
CoiiiicllN. *
The committee appointed at the last meetIng -
Ing of the Central Labor union to Invosllgato
the charges nmdo against Mr. Waller and
consider the resignation ot Mr. Gossard aa
vlco president will tnko up Its task , it la
understood , early this week.
Mr. Waller , the organizer for the American
Railway union in this section , says that ho
will have no difficulty tn proving to the
committee that there are two lodges ot the
union In the city and that therefore he and ,
his colleagues hold their seats In Cpntral
Labor union ot right. Ho will bo able , ho
says , to present some certificates from the
general offices at Terra Haute and also the
charters of the two Omaha lodges. In ad
dition to that ho will have some of the mem
bers of these lodges present to testify that
they are members and that the lodges have
an actual and a'ctlvo existence. He ogrdea
that Air. GOssard was right when ho an
nounced that ho himself was no longer a
member ot the American Rallnay union and
made this a reason for his resignation , but
on this very account Waller Insists that ho
bos ceased to bo qualified to speak with
any authority concerning the affairs of the
union or respecting oven the existence of
lodges In Omaha.
The question raised with regard to social
ism and a socialistic propaganda , discussed
btforo Mr. Kelly's return to the city , has be
come a topic of moro general discussion and
debate since ho came and particularly sluco
the attempt to organize what Is called the
new party. Kelly , being a general organizer
[ or two socialist societies , having practically
he same aim , or rather the ono being a part
of the other , has not failed at any meeting
at which ho has spoken to glvo considerable
: Ime to this theory. He has been constantly
seconded by Waller and tbo scheme baa
jecn often advocated both at Labor Temple
Ticotlngs and at the sessions ot the Central
Labor union.
This has aroused a strong spirit of opposi
tion among the trade unionists , who declare
that the scheme of the socialists , whllo pcr-
liaps well emough in the abstract , Is
thoroughly Impracticable , that all agitation
in 1ils ! direction diverts attention from the
real nnd attainable objects of the trades
unlona and that In proportion as organization
proceeds under the socialistic order the
growth of the trades unions Is checked and
.heir usefulness Impaired. The old unions
urge that labor organization should be along
.ho established and tried 1 1 lira of union
principles. Instead of Ina visionary and
) olltlcal direction. The leading members of
lioso unions have therefore firmly determined
that there shall be less of such talk In the
nero general bodies with whldh they are
connected , and the sentiment of the
organized labor of , Omaha will soon be mad a
mown , for the uuloiu meeting In Labor
femplo ore now voting on the question
vhether to allow the holding of political
neetlngs of any character In the temple : hall ,
IIB proposition having been proposed for the t
xpress purpose of putting a stop to the ad
vocacy of socialism on the occasion of labor
gatherings at the hall.
For his part. Waller , while declaring Iilm-
elf to 1)0 a socialist , denies that he ha a
ought nt the temple or In the meetings of
ho Central Labor union to give prominent : )
lo the new Idea to the neglect of the Interests
that Central Labor union was organized to
promote. Ho says that ho has at all times
been willing to help the trades unlona In
every possible way , nnd tdiat now any ona of
them In a controversy would recelvo the
support of lilmself and others , though bo
believes that the unions ore not closely
enough knit together , that they are on too
narrow a foundation , and that their a' ' mo are
not comprehensive enough. In short ho
bellovQi that , without losing a single advan
tage that their existence secures , they should
us fast ns possible lose themselves In the
wider labor scheme which would nwke All
labor stronger and through which alone tbo
longed for "emancipation" of the working
claoseo can l accomplished , and which con
templates political union of all who toll , in
dustrial co-operation and mutual support. Ha
Innlnto that hla school Is not seeking to tcor
down trades unions , -but to modify the
method * of their energies , with perhaps an
attendant modification of their form.
It Is etatodl that the socialistic party In
Omaha now has a membership of 800 , and the
now paper that tws been talked about for
week * , It la announced , will appear next
Friday. It IB to be christened The Whlta
Slave. Mr , Waller l to b editor , Mr.
Kelly , manager , nnd Willis Huderpeth , general
foreman , The SIrplesu printing plant has
boon leased aa the mechanical end to the In
stitution.
I.ocnl I.nlinr
The Electrical Workers' union organized
flvo new locals during February ,
Thcro will be a spec'al meeting of the local
branch of the Drotherhood of Painters and
Decorators Thursday , March 19 , at 7:30 p.
in , at Labor Temple.
Slnco the machinists have been connected
with tbo American Federation of Labor they
hove organized twenty-five DOW unions and
reorganized thirty old ones.
WorMnK women of the city and the wives
of laboring men will give a literary and
musical entertainment at Labor Temple hall
Tuesday evening with a lunch basket auctlou
attachment.
The South Omaha clgarmakcra have elected
the following officers : President , Jacob
Uolulj ; vice president , John Almster ; finan
cial secretary , T. W. Ilullttt ; re-cording sec
retary , IS , L. Stur ; treasurer , C. Chrlitlunscn.
Promptness la a commendable virtue.
Tnut's why we offer you One Minute Cough
Cure. It Id prompt In relief and prompt
In curing. That U what It la made for.
Rev , 0. A. Carter of St. Mary's church ,
Liverpool , England , has baptized 14,011 lu-
fants during the last seventeen year * , aa
ivciajjo of Uxteeu a week.
1.J.W- *